“UKUMISELWA KWAKHONA” NGAPHAMBILI?
Kutshanje iThe New York Times inike ingxelo yendaleko etyholwa ngokuba kwisikhundla sikaMongameli-Nyula u-Obama ngohlaselo lwase-Iraq. Ukubaleka umongameli ngenxalenye yesibhambathiso "sokuphelisa imfazwe" e-Iraq, u-Obama, intatheli yeTimes uThom Shanker wabhala, "icacisa ngakumbi kunangaphambili ukuba amashumi amawaka omkhosi waseMelika aya kusala ngasemva e-Iraq, nokuba unako. ufezekise isithembiso sakhe sephulo lokukhupha yonke imikhosi yokulwa ngaphandle kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesithandathu. " Njengoko uShanker ephawula, “ukurhoxa” kuka-Obama “kunokubona inani laseMelika [imikhosi eseleyo e-Iraq] ihamba phakathi kwe-30,000 kunye ne-50,000 - kwaye abanye [abacwangcisi bePentagon] bathi phezulu njenge-70,000 - ixesha elide nangaphaya kwe-2011 "
Ibango lika-Obama lokuphelisa uhlaselo ngaphandle kokuluphelisa lunokuthi, abanye "abakhuselayo" banika ingxelo, baquka "ukubhala ngokutsha iiyunithi ezithile, ukuze ezo zibalwa njengamajoni alwayo ngoku 'ziphinde zithunyelwe,' iinzame zabo zichazwe njengoqeqesho kunye nenkxaso. Iraqis” (NYT, Disemba 4, 2008, A31).
U-Orwell, uKafka, noVonnegut baya kuchukumiseka.
I-Times inike isihloko esinomdla kwingxelo kaShanker: "Isithembiso sephulo lokuphelisa iMfazwe e-Iraq ngoku iguqulwe yinyani." Nantsi inguqulelo eluncedo yentsingiselo ye-Times ethi "yinyani": nokuba yintoni na iPentagon kunye nolawulo olungenayo oluyithethayo malunga nobomi kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo, umbuzo onzima osuka ngaphaya kwesakhelo se-centrist ushiywe "kwiingcamango" eziyingozi nezingasebenziyo.
AKUKHO TSHINTSHO KWIMIKO YE-IRAQ KA-OBAMA
I-Times yayingalunganga ngokucebisa utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwimbono ka-Obama "yenyani" malunga ne-Iraq. Abo bazimisele ukujonga nzulu phantsi komfanekiso wephulo “lokulwa” abathengisi bakhe abalungiselelwe abavoti abakhululekileyo nabaqhubela phambili banokubona ngokulula ukuba akukho nto isisiseko yokuyeka. U-Obama uvotele ukuxhasa ngemali umsebenzi ongekho mthethweni ngaphandle kweemeko kwi-2005 kunye ne-2006. Wasebenza ukuxhasa imfazwe malunga ne-Democrats ye-antiwar kwi-primaries ye-2006 ye-congressional. Wazikhwebula kwiCongressman yase-US uJack Murtha's (D-PA) kwangethuba nangenkalipho efuna ukurhoxa e-Iraq ngo-2005. Wafundisa abantu abaqhubela phambili ngesityholo sokungabonwa "njengokusebenza ngokuchasene nomongameli" e-Iraq (emva kweDemocrats' 2006). Uloyiso lweCongress) kunye nendlela iiDemokhrasi akufuneki "zidlale inkukhu kunye nemikhosi" (i-preposterous conservative smear) ngokubiza ukurhoxa kwangoko e-Iraq. Uvotele ngokuchasene nesindululo sokurhoxiswa komkhosi owenziwe nguSenators uJohn Kerry kunye noRuss Feingold ngoJuni ka-2006, bexoxa ukuba ukumisela umhla oqinisekileyo wokurhoxa kuya "kunqanda" oonozakuzaku kunye nabaphathi bomkhosi. .
Ekwindla ka-2006, u-Obama utshele iBhunga laseChicago kwiMicimbi yeHlabathi ukuba "Abantu baseMelika baye baxazululwa ngokungaqhelekanga [ukuxhasa umsebenzi wase-Iraq] ... Olu yayiluphawu olumangalisayo ngenxa yohlaselo olukhulu olubini (oludume kakubi kuMbindi Mpuma kunye nelizwe lamaSilamsi) iPentagon yasungula (ibulala ngokungenamkhethe abantu abaninzi) kweso sixeko saseIraq ngo-Epreli nangoNovemba ka-2004.
Intetho ka-Obama eyabhengeza "intetho yokulwa imfazwe" ka-Okthobha ka-2002 (eyayinikwa xa wayesenguSenator welizwe) yachasa uhlaselo olucwangcisiweyo lwase-Iraq ngezizathu ezibambekayo, hayi imigaqo. Yalugxeka uhlaselo oluzayo njengempazamo yobuchule ("imfazwe esisidenge"), ngokungakhathali ukukhankanya ubugebenga bayo kunye nokuziphatha okubi, inkuthazo yayo ye-petro-imperial, kunye nenani elikhulu lama-Iraqis eliya kubabulala kwaye libangxwelerha.
Ngokuhambelana noko kushiyiweyo, u-Obama akazange agxeke ukuziphatha okanye ukuba semthethweni kwe-Operation Iraqi Liberation (OIL). Uhlala engavumi ukuqaphela kakhulu abantu ababuleweyo base-Iraq (kubandakanya ngaphezulu kwe-1 yezigidi zabantu ababhubhileyo) kwaye uyakhanyela ukuBulawa Kwabantu Ngenkohlakalo e-US, ebekwe e-Iraq. Uxelele uCandy Crowely weCNN ngoJulayi ophelileyo ukuba iUnited States ayifanele ixolise nakubani na ngayo nayiphi na imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yangaphandle phantsi kukaBush kwaye uye wabanga ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba i-US yahlasela i-Iraq "ngeyona njongo ilungileyo" (idemokhrasi- kunye nokukhuthaza inkululeko). . Ude waxelela i-Wisconsin autoworkers ngoFebruwari ophelileyo ukuba i-US kufuneka "iyeke ukuchitha iibhiliyoni zeedola ngeveki izama ukubuyisela i-Iraq."
U-Obama we-2002 "intetho yokulwa nemfazwe" yehla kwiWebhsayithi yakhe ngo-2003 ngenxa yokuba wagqiba ekubeni aqhubele i-Senate yase-US ngaloo nyaka. Akazange abonakale kwindawo ephakathi kwedolophu yaseChicago xa ubusuku obubini boqhanqalazo olukhulu lwenzeka apho ngokuchasene nohlaselo lukaBush ngoMatshi ka-2003. Kwaye ngexesha leNgqungquthela yeDemokhrasi ka-2004, apho wenza iNtetho enguNdoqo eyamenza ukuba abe ngusaziwayo ngobusuku ("BaRockstar" ), u-Obama uxelele i-New York Times ukuba usenokuba wavota (njengoHillary Clinton, uJohn Kerry, noJohn Edwards) ukuba agunyazise uBush ukuba ahlasele i-Iraq ukuba wayekwi-Senate yase-US kwaye wayenokufikelela "kwingqondo" efanayo njengenye. USenators ekwindla ka-2002.
Izithethi zika-Obama bezisoloko zinenkohliso kwaye bezikhohlisa malunga nezicwangciso zakhe zokurhoxa e-Iraq, ekwenza kucace kubaphandi abanzulu ukuba u-Obama uya kuqhubeka nomsebenzi ngokungenasiphelo. Uxelele iFOX News thug uBill O'Reilly kweli hlotyeni ukuba "iSurgery" "iphumelele ngaphaya kweengcinga zethu" kwaye uye walile ukusayina kumthetho ozama ukuvala iikontraka "zokhuseleko" zabucala ezifana neBlackwater evela eIraq naseAfghanistan.
Irekhodi elimangalisayo, eneneni, kumntu othe, kwintatheli yeTimes uDavid Sanger, wachulumancisa "iphiko lasekhohlo leqela lakhe" "ngokuchasa ngamandla isigqibo sokuhlasela i-Iraq"(NYT, Novemba 22, 2008).
“UKULINDLELA UKHALISO”
Ephawula ukuba uMongameli Bush wayezaliswe zizikhalo zika "O-ba-ma" ngexesha lotyelelo lwaseAfrika e-Afrika, umsasazi wenkqubo yoSasazo yeNkqubo yoSasazo uCharlie Rose wabuza emva koko, umcebisi wemigaqo-nkqubo ka-Obama wezangaphandle uSamantha Power ngoFebruwari ophelileyo ukuba wayenexhala na "Ulindelo oluphezulu" uninzi lwehlabathi lubonakala lunotshintsho olunoxolo phantsi komongameli ka-Obama. Kwakukho "ingozi ethile" kumathemba aziwayo, uRose wayenexhala.
"Kulungile," watsho u-Power, ephawula ukuba u-Obama "uyazi kakuhle le nto." Kwaye "oko," utshilo u-Power, "yiyo loo nto ulungelelwaniso lokulindela kunye nolawulo lokulindela kubalulekile ekhaya nakwihlabathi jikelele." (Umboniso kaCharlie Rose, wePBS, ngoFebruwari 21, 2008: www.charlierose.com/shows/2008/02/21/2/a-conversation-with-samantha-power)
Kwangoko kudliwanondlebe u-Power waxelela uRose ukuba umongameli u-Obama akazukubotshwa “yintetho yephulo” nje xa ifika e-Iraq xa sele engena kwi-White House. Ekuthatheni kwakhe amandla, u-Power wayesazi, u-Obama wayeza kuthatha uninzi lonyango lwakhe kwabo bazi konke “abalawuli abasemhlabeni.”
Emva kokusetyenziswa kukaMandla okuphazamisayo kwe-elitist kunye nolwimi lobuchwepheshe kuququzelelo lolawulo lwamathemba asekhaya kunye nehlabathi jikelele kunye namaphupha apho afihlekile (kwabo bazimisele ukuyibona) ukwamkelwa: U-Obama wayenamathele kwiprojekthi yobukhosi yase-US njengoBush kwaye oku kunokudanisa ngokuyingozi. izihlwele ezilindelekileyo ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya kwimeko yokuphakama kuka-Obama. Ukholo olungakhankanywanga olungenalukhanyiselo lwabantu "kutshintsho esinokukholelwa kulo" kuya kufuneka ukuba "lulungelelaniswe" njengoko sasisenza inguqu yobukhosi ukuya kwixesha lasemva kweBush kulawulo lwehlabathi lwase-US.
Amandla kamva asuswa kwiqela lika-Obama ngenxa yokuthetha kwakhe esidlangalaleni.
ISIZATHU SOKUXOLELA ABAXHASI ABAQHUBEKAYO OBAMA
Behamba noluvo olungelulo luka-Obama “njengomgqatswa ochasene nemfazwe,” abantu abaninzi abashiyekileyo nabakhululekileyo baseMelika bekufanele ukuba banike ingqwalasela ethe kratya kwizibophelelo zika-Obama ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nobukhosi kunye nembono yehlabathi. U-Obama uthethe kangangoko, ebongoza abaxhasi bakhe abaqhubela phambili ngakumbi ukuba baveze ulindelo olushiyekileyo kwirekhodi yakhe kunye nendlela yakhe.
Sekunjalo, kunzima ukungavumelani noShanker ukuba “abaxhasi abaphambili kulwimi [ luka-Obama] lokuphelisa imfazwe basenokuxolelwa ukuba babecinga ukuba oko kuya kuthetha ukuzisa yonke imikhosi ekhaya.” Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iphulo lika-Obama libe ngumsebenzi wokuthengisa oqaqambileyo. Ayisiyonto yokuba u-Obama anconywe “njengoMthengisi woNyaka” yijenali yorhwebo ekhokelayo kunye nobudlelwane boluntu kwi-Advertising Age (“U-Obama Uphumelele uMthengisi woNyaka we-Ad Age,” i-Advertising Age [Okthobha 17, 2008], ifundwe apha. http://adage.com/print?article_id=131810 ).
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yengqondo yokuthengisa ka-“Brand Obama” iquke ukuxelela amaqela ahlukeneyo ahlala ephikisana nemidla yokuba ungomnye wabo. Uluntu olukhululekileyo nolunenkqubela lwalujoliswe ngokukhaliphileyo ukuze luhendwe ngabantu abanobuchule baka-Obama nabaxhaswe ngemali ngendlela emangalisayo-ubukhulu becala ngabaxhamli kunye nabamanyanisiweyo Abambalwa-abanikelayo abancinci babalelwa kwikota yephulo lakhe lokumisela iphulo lokuxhasa ngezimali isifuba semfazwe (ipesenti efanayo noGeorge W. Bush ngo-2004!) - abenzi bemifanekiso. Kwaye ikhonkco elibalulekileyo kulo mba unamandla wonyulo "oluthagethisiweyo oluncinci" yayilibango lokuba u-Obama uya kuhlonipha uninzi lwase-US, i-Iraqi, kunye noluvo lwehlabathi ngokuzisa isiphelo esikhawulezayo kwiMfazwe yase-Iraq.
Ulangazelela ukubeka ubuso “obutsha,” obunethemba, kunye nobubambeneyo kwiNkqubo yaseMelika emva kobusuku obude belizwe kunye nehlabathi jikelele le-Cheney-Bush, imithombo yeendaba yase-US. idlale ngokuxabisekayo ngomsebenzi wokuthengisa wobuqhophololo. Yasasaza ngomdla kwaye ngamandla inkohliso yenkululeko-yasekhohlo kunye nenxulumene nemfazwe ka-Obama.
UKUngcatshwa PHAMBILI
Ngoku, phantse unyaka emva kokuba ndibukele amakhulukhulu abavoti benkululeko nabaqhubela phambili bekhukulisa i-Democratic Caucus ka-Obama kwiSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo sase-Iowa, iNew York Times 'yabafundi abaphezulu baxelelwa ngokungafihlisiyo ukuba u-Obama kunye nekhabhinethi yakhe yomkhosi-yasebukhosini bakhetha i-epitomize. yintoni owayesakuba nguClinton igosa lolawulo kunye noMlawuli oLawulayo we-Kissinger Associates uDavid J. Rothkopf ubiza "umzekelo weviolin: Bamba amandla ngesandla sasekhohlo, kwaye udlale umculo ngokunene kwakho" (NYT, Novemba 22, 2008, A1). Ilungu lebhodi yomhleli weWall Street Journal uMatthew Kaminski iphawula ukuba "inkampu ka-Obama ithi umongameli wexesha elizayo, ophumelele ebaleka ekhohlo, ujonge ukulawula ukusuka kwiziko" (WSJ, December 6/7, 2008, A8). Indawo yeWebhu yeWashington Post inxibelelana nengxelo yophando kaMorgan Stanley ekhutshwe kusuku emva konyulo luka-Obama. "Njengoko siyiqonda," yatsho ingxelo, "u-Obama uye wacetyiswa kwaye uyavuma ukuba akukho sabelo soxolo ... Ukongeza, sikholelwa, ngokusekelwe kwiingxoxo kunye nemithombo yoshishino, ukuba u-Obama uvumile ukuba anganqumli uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezokhuselo ubuncinci. kude kube ziinyanga ezili-18 zokuqala zexesha lakhe njengoko imeko yokhuseleko lwesizwe iqondwa ngcono…Iidemokhrasi,” abaphandi bakaMorgan Stanley baphawula, “banovakalelo ngokubonakala bebuthathaka ekukhuseleni, kwaye asilindelanga ukusikwa ngamandla” (bona www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/governmentinc/documents/ObamaDefense.pdf)
Ndifunde le ngxelo ngenye imini, ndiye ndacinga emva kwincoko emfutshane ebendinayo nomfazi omncinci onenkqubela phambili kwiSixeko esiPhakamileyo emva kokuba u-Obama efumene impumelelo yakhe eyimbali e-Iowa. Njengam, wayekhe wangenela ugqatso lwe-semi-progress kunye ne-pro-labor ephawulekayo ka-John Edwards. “Kodwa yena [uObama] akanakuphumelela,” watsho xa ndambuza ukuba ucinga ntoni ngetsunami yaseObama eyayisandul’ ukuvela phambi kwamehlo ethu. “Ngokuqinisekileyo unako,” ndatsho. “Ingxaki kukuba yintoni eza kulahleka endleleni. Mhlawumbi uya kwi-White House kodwa uza kuyenza ngendlela enokuthi ingasibethi njengoloyiso olukhulu 'lwedemokhrasi'. "
Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinanye emva koko njengoko u-Obama eqhubeka nokuphumelela indumiso kunye nopapasho kubantu abafana noWilliam Kristol kunye noRupert Murdoch, ndikhunjuzwa kwakhona ngenkcazo kaChristopher Hitchens owayesele ekhohlo "ngondoqo wezopolitiko zaseMelika" njengokuthi "ukusetyenziswa kobupopu nge-elitism. .” Ndiphinde ndichukunyiswe kukubaluleka koqwalaselo luka-Edward S. Herman kulo nyaka uphelileyo ukuba “izithembiso nezinyanzeliso zeDemokhrasi zoluntu nezicinezela uxolo… [zihlala] zingcatshwa ngoko nangoko ekuthathweni kwamagunya” (Edward S. Herman, “Democratic Betrayal” ,” iZ Magazine, kaJanuwari 2007). Kwimeko ka-Obama, ukungcatshwa okuqikelelweyo kubonakala kusenzeka kwanangaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isikhundla ngokusesikweni.
Incwadi yamva nje kaPaul Street nguBarack Obama kunye nekamva lezoPolitiko zaseMelika (http://www.paradigmpublishers.com/books/BookDetail.aspx?productID=186987)Paul inokufikelelwa kwi [imeyile ikhuselwe]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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