Ukucinga ngokutsha kwesi sixeko kunokuba yintshukumisa yokuphinda kuqwalaselwe kwaye kwandiswe uluhlu lwamathuba esixeko kwixesha elizayo. Isenokuba lithuba lentelekelelo engathintelwanga ngokwasemzimbeni ukuyila into entsha ngokupheleleyo neyahlukileyo, engabotshelelwanga kwisixeko esikhoyo. Okanye inokuvula iingcango kumbono ogxekayo wesixeko esikhoyo, ithandabuze imigaqo yezentlalo nezoqoqosho kunye neyombutho esisiseko somgaqo-siseko wayo wangoku kwaye idla ngokuthathwa njengento eqhelekileyo. Eyona utopias zakudala ukwenza zombini. Okulandelayo kugxininise kuphela kokugqibela, ekucingeni kungekuko okwenyama kodwa kwimigaqo yabantu kunye noqheliselo ekunokuthi kusekelwe kulo isixeko esicingelwayo. Iphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekileyo malunga neminye yemigaqo kunye nezenzo njengoko zikhoyo ngokufihlakeleyo namhlanje kwaye icingela ezinye iindlela.

Ukuba besingakhathali ngobume obukhoyo bezixeko, kodwa sinokubumba isixeko ukusuka ekuqaleni, emva komnqweno wentliziyo yethu, ukuqulunqwa kukaRobert Park ukuba uDavid Harvey uthanda ngokufanelekileyo ukucaphula, besiya kujongeka njani eso sixeko? Okanye kunoko: ngokweyiphi imigaqo eya kuququzelelwa? Kwinkangeleko yayo eneenkcukacha, uyilo lwayo lomzimba, kufuneka iguqulwe emva kokuba imigaqo ekufuneka isebenze ibe kuvunyelwene ngayo.

Ngoko ke, yintoni, ezintliziyweni zethu, efanele igqibe ukuba isixeko yintoni nesenzayo?

I. Ihlabathi Lomsebenzi kunye neLizwe Lenkululeko

Kutheni ungaqali, kuqala, ngokuthatha umbuzo ngokoqobo. Masithi besingenazithintelo ngokwasemzimbeni nakwezoqoqosho, besiya kufuna ntoni ezintliziyweni zethu? Ungaze ukhumbule ukuba ingcamango ibeka i-utopia; lulingelo lwengcinga olunokuthi luvuse eminye imibuzo empendulo yayo eneneni inokuphembelela into esiyenzayo namhlanje, kwihlabathi lokwenyani, kwindlela eya kwelinye ilizwe elithelekelelwayo esinokufuna ukuzama ukulenza libe nokwenzeka.

Kunokuba nzima ukucinga into enjalo, kodwa kukho iindlela ezintathu, ngokusekelwe kwinto esele siyazi kwaye sifuna namhlanje. Ezokuqala ezimbini ziphumle kumahluko omnye, wokuba phakathi kwehlabathi lomsebenzi kunye nehlabathi elingaphandle komsebenzi, ulwahlulo olungundoqo olucacileyo olusisiseko sendlela esicwangcisa ngayo kunye nokwakha izixeko zethu namhlanje, ulwahlulo oluhambelana ubukhulu becala phakathi, njengoko izazinzulu ezahlukeneyo ziye zachaza. wona, inkqubo yehlabathi kunye nehlabathi lobomi, ummandla wemfuneko kunye nommandla wenkululeko, ihlabathi lezoqoqosho kunye nehlabathi lobomi babucala, ngokumalunga nemimandla yorhwebo kunye nemimandla yokuhlala. Enye indlela ke kukucinga ukunciphisa ummandla wemfuneko; enye kukucinga ukwandisa ummandla wenkululeko.

Uninzi lwethu mhlawumbi sichitha kufutshane kuninzi lwexesha lethu kwilizwe lezemisebenzi, kwindawo yemfuneko; ixesha lethu lokuphumla lixesha esinalo emva kokuba umsebenzi uphelile. Ngokusengqiqweni, ukuba isixeko sinokunceda ekunciphiseni oko sikwenzayo kummandla wemfuneko, ixesha lethu lokuphumla beliya kwandiswa, ulonwabo lwethu lwanda.

II. Ukunciphisa Ummandla oyimfuneko

Masithi siphinde sajonga kwakhona ukubunjwa kwehlabathi lemfuneko esiyithatha kancinci ngoku. Ingakanani into ekhoyo ngoku efunekayo ngokwenene? Ngaba sifuna zonke iibhodi zentengiso, izibane ze-neon ezidanyazayo, izitudiyo zeearhente zentengiso, iiofisi zeengcali zokudityaniswa, kubaxeli bezindlu, abarhwebi abanesantya esiphezulu, imigangatho yokurhweba kubaxeli, iindawo zorhwebo. ezinikele kuphela ekuqokeleleni ubutyebi, abacebisi benceda ekwenzeni imisebenzi engabalulekanga bavelise ubutyebi obungakumbi, kungekhona iimpahla okanye iinkonzo ezisetyenziswa ngokwenene ngabantu? Ukuba asizifuni zonke, ngaba sifuna zonke ii-ofisi zabasebenzi bakarhulumente abazilawulayo? Ngaba siyazifuna zonke izikhululo zepetroli, zonke iindawo zokulungisa iimoto kunye neendawo zokusevisa, zonke izitrato ezinqumlayo ukuze zibonelele zonke iimoto esingayi kuzifuna ukuba besinohambo olubanzi loluntu? Ngaba siyazifuna zonke iintolongo neentolongo kunye neenkundla zolwaphulo-mthetho? Ngaba ezi nxalenye zommandla wemfuneko namhlanje ziyimfuneko ngokwenene?

Kuthekani ngemiba ye-ultra-luxury yesixeko namhlanje? Sizibona njani iipenthouses ezinemigangatho emininzi kwizakhiwo zikaDonald Trump? Iindawo ezibiyelweyo zezityebi ezikwiindawo eziphakamileyo kumbindi wezixeko zethu, iindawo zokuhlala ezivalelweyo kunye nokhuseleko lwazo lwabucala kwindawo yethu yangaphakathi nangaphandle? Iiklabhu zabucala ezikhethekileyo, amaziko ezempilo abucala abiza imali eninzi, iindawo zokuzonwabisa ezinomtsalane kunye namasango kunye namabala apho kuhlala kuphela izityebi kakhulu? Ngaba iMcMansions kunye neendawo zokuhlala eziyinyani ziyimfuneko kwindawo eyimfuneko? Ukuba ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo, i-la Veblen, okanye iimpahla ezibekwe kwindawo, ziyimfuneko kwimpilo-ntle yabasebenzisi bazo, kunokuba kukho into engalunganga apha: loo manqaku esimo, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo, ngokuqinisekileyo akwanelisi ekugqibeleni kubaxhamli bayo. ezinye izinto ezityebileyo ngokwasentlalweni kunye neziveliso zobuqu kunye nezokuyila kunye nemisebenzi enokuthi. Okanye ngaba ezi mpawu zinexabiso eliphezulu lobutyebi ziyinxalenye yenkululeko yokwenene abanazo? Kodwa ummandla wenkululeko awungommandla apho nantoni na ihamba: ayibandakanyi inkululeko yokwenzakalisa abanye, ukuba, ukutshabalalisa, ukungcolisa, ukuchitha ubuncwane. Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wesixeko apho kukho imida kwizinto ezinjalo, ngokweminqweno yoluntu, emiselwa ngokukhululekileyo nangedemokhrasi, kodwa apho oko kubonelelweyo (kodwa konke oko) kuyiloo nto iyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuze kunanditshwe inkululeko enentsingiselo.

Isiphelo: ummandla womsebenzi oyimfuneko unokucutheka ngokuphawulekayo ngaphandle kwempembelelo embi ebalulekileyo kummandla onqwenelekayo wenkululeko.

III. Ukwenza Ngokukhululekileyo Okuyimfuneko

Indlela yesibini enokuncitshiswa ngayo ihlabathi lomsebenzi ibiya kuba kukuba ezinye zezinto ezikulo eziyimfuneko ngokwenene bezinokwenziwa ngokukhululekileyo, zifuduselwe kwihlabathi lenkululeko. Ukuba kwisixeko sethu esikucingelayo oko sikwenzayo kwilizwe lezemisebenzi kunokuguqulwa kube yinto enokuba negalelo kulonwabo lwethu, besiya kuba siphambi komdlalo. Ngaba inokwenzeka loo nto - ukuba senze omnye wemisebenzi yethu engathandekiyo ngoku ngokukhululekileyo, sonwabele umsebenzi wethu njengoko sonwabela oko sikwenza ngaphandle komsebenzi? Ukuba eneneni siya kuthi kwangaxeshanye sinciphise inani lomsebenzi oyimfuneko ngokwenene, size kwakhona siguqule uninzi lwentsalela ibe ngumsebenzi owenziwa ngokukhululekileyo, eneneni inxalenye yommandla wenkululeko? Yaye ukuba kunjalo, ngaba isixeko sinokufak’ isandla ekwenzeni oko kwenzeke?

Kodwa kutheni “engonwabanga?” Ngaba awukwazanga ukwenza umsebenzi owenziwe ngoku kuphela ngenxa yokuba uhlawulelwe, ngokungonwabanga ubuncinci ngengqiqo yokuba awukwenziwanga ngokuzithandela kodwa wenziwe kuphela ngenxa yemfuneko yokuziphilisa, wenziwe ngamavolontiya, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo Kwaye nkqu. ukubanika ulonwabo abo bakwenzayo oko?

Intshukumo ye-Occupy Sandy kwezi veki zimbalwa zidlulileyo ibonelela ngeengcebiso.

Kwi-Occupy Sandy, amavolontiya ebesiya kwiindawo ezitshatyalaliswe yinkanyamba uSandy, ehambisa ukutya, impahla, enceda abantu abangenamakhaya ukuba bafumane indawo yokuhlala, amanzi, ukhathalelo lwabantwana, nantoni na efunekayo. Phantsi kwegama lika-Occupy Sandy, uninzi lwamagqala e-Occupy Wall Street kunye neminye imisebenzi, kodwa abayenzi ukwakha inkxaso ye-Occupy movement, kodwa ngenxa yomnqweno olula wokunceda abanye abantu abasweleyo. Yinto ethethwa kukuba ngumntu. Kuye kwaxutyushwa, njengenxalenye yento izazi ngentlalo yoluntu ziyibiza ngokuba “yisipho soBudlelwane,” kodwa hayi unxulumano lokupha xa ulindele okuthile ngembuyekezo, njengokuphana izipho nabanye ngeKrismesi, yaye akupheleli nje kubantu obaziyo, kodwa nabantu ongabaziyo. Yimbonakaliso yomanyano: ithi, ngokusisiseko, kule ndawo, kwesi sixeko, ngeli xesha, akukho bantu basemzini. Siluluntu, siyancedana singacelwanga, sifuna ukuncedana, sima ngembumba yamanyama, singamalungu wonke; yilonto sizisa ukutya nengubo nenkxaso yokuziphatha. Imvakalelo yolonwabo, yokwaneliseka, ezo zenzo zomanyano kunye nobuntu zibonelela zizinto ezinokuthi zibonelelwe sisixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha. Isixeko apho kungekho mntu wasemzini sisixeko esonwabileyo ngokunzulu.

Yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni weSixeko apho ubudlelwane obunjalo abukhuthazi nje kuphela, kodwa ekugqibeleni bube sisiseko esipheleleyo soluntu, sithatha indawo yenjongo yenzuzo yezenzo zomntu kunye nenkuthazo yobumbano kunye nobuhlobo, kunye nolonwabo olupheleleyo lomsebenzi. sele usenza ngokuzithandela namhlanje oko ngokwenene, ngokwendlela eqhelekileyo, umsebenzi. Khawube nomfanekiso wento ebambekayo, into enokuthi ingenzeki kangako kodwa ekunzima ukuyicinga. Khawucinge ukuba ubuya kwenza ntoni ukuba awuzange usebenze, kodwa uqinisekisiwe umgangatho wokuphila ohloniphekileyo: yonke imibutho yokuzithandela esiyiyo iyayenza (i-de Tocqueville yaqaphela ukuba kudala), indlela edibeneyo yokwakhiwa kwezindlu kunye nophahla oluphakanyisiwe kwi iintsuku zokuqala zaseUnited States, iiklabhu, amaqela ezitalato, amavolontiya asebenza kwizibhedlele kunye neendawo zokuhlala, Abahlali bazo zonke iintlobo benza oko ngokwenene umsebenzi wentlalontle njengenxalenye yenkxaso yabo enikezelwe ngokukhululekileyo kwintshukumo, izindlu ezakhiwe ngamavolontiya kunye neHabitat. kuBantu. Cinga ngamavolontiya alathisa izithuthi ekucinyweni kombane, esebenzisa iijenereyitha xa umbane ucimile, enika abalambileyo ukutya. Kwiinkonzo ezininzi, ukuthwalela umntu ongamaziyo sesinye sezona mpawu zibalaseleyo. Yaye khawucinge ngabazobi besenza imifanekiso yetshokhwe ecaleni kweendlela, abadlali bedlala imidlalo yasesitratweni, iimvumi ezidlala esidlangalaleni ngenjongo yokuzonwabisa kanye njengeminikelo. Cinga ngayo yonke imisebenzi yezopolitiko esizibandakanya kuyo ngaphandle kokulindela imbuyekezo ngaphandle kwesixeko okanye ilizwe elingcono. Cinga ngayo yonke into eyenziwa ngabantu abadla umhlala-phantsi ngokuzithandela ababefudula behlawulelwa yona: ootitshala abafundisa abafundi, amavolontiya okufunda nokubhala anceda abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe, abafazi ababesebenza ekhaya kwaye basancedisa kwiikhitshi zeendawo zokuhlala kunye neeklabhu zasekuhlaleni, amavolontiya acoca inkunkuma ezindleleni. nasecaleni kwendlela. Cinga ngabo bonke abantu abaselula abancedisa abadala balo ukuba bafunde ubugcisa obutsha. Ngaba ayisosixeko esifuna ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni apho obu budlelwane bulawula khona, kunye nobudlelwane bengeniso, ubudlelwane bobuchwephesha, ukufuna inzuzo kunye nempahla eninzi kunye nemali namandla, yayingeyiyo into eyayiqhuba uluntu? Apho ulonwabo lomntu ngamnye lwaluyimeko yolonwabo lwabo bonke, kwaye ulonwabo lwabo bonke lwalusisimo solonwabo lomntu ngamnye?

Ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ngokwenene ziyimfuneko, kodwa azithandeki, aziyilwanga, ziyaphindaphinda, zimdaka-kodwa zenziwa namhlanje kuba umntu uyahlawulwa ukuze azenze kwaye uxhomekeke ekuzenzeni ukuze aziphilise, hayi kuba efumana ulonwabo. ukuzenza. Inxalenye yomsebenzi owenziwe kwindawo yemfuneko ayiyomfuneko ngokwenene, njengoko kuxoxwe ngasentla. Kodwa ezinye zezi: umsebenzi omdaka, umsebenzi onzima, umsebenzi oyingozi, umsebenzi owothusayo: ukucoca izitrato, ukugrumba imisele, ukuthuthwa kwemithwalo, imiba yokhathalelo lobuqu okanye unyango lwezifo, ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma, ukuhanjiswa kweposi-nezinye iindawo zemisebenzi enomvuzo, njengamaphepha okulinganisa. kootitshala, ukucoca ezibhedlele, ukukopa imizobo yabayili bezakhiwo okanye ukuphikisana neekhompyutha kubabhali namhlanje. Ngaba nayiphi na koku ibinokwenziwa ngokukhululekileyo ukuba iimeko bezilungile? Eminye yalo msebenzi ngokungathandabuzekiyo inokwenziwa ngakumbi ngoomatshini okanye i-automated, kwaye inqanaba lomsebenzi ongenabuchule sele lincitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa mhlawumbi yintelekelelo yokuba wonke umsebenzi ongemnandanga unokwenziwa ngoomatshini. Omnye undoqo onzima uya kuhlala kumphefumlo othile ongonwabanga ukwenza.

Kodwa malunga nomsebenzi onjalo wenzondo, ngaba isimo sengqondo sokuwenza besingayi kuba nenzondo, singonwabi, ukuba kwabelwana ngaso ngokufanelekileyo, kuvunywe njengoko kuyimfuneko, kucwangciswe ngokufanelekileyo? Kweminye imimandla yezindlu zasekuhlaleni eYurophu, abantu abaqeshileyo babeqhele ukwabelana ngembopheleleko yokugcina iindawo zabo eziqhelekileyo zicocekile, ukumisa kwizinyuko zabo, indawo yokungena, nokulungisa umhlaba. Baye banelisekile ukuba ihlelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zombini ukunikezelwa kwemisebenzi kunye nokuchazwa kweendawo ezibonakalayo yinto eqhutywe ngokubambisana (kwithiyori, ubuncinane!) Kwaye yamkelwe ngokubanzi njengento efanelekileyo. Inkoliso yaba neqhayiya ngalo msebenzi ungahlawulwayo nongenabuchule; yayisisenzo sobubele. Sakhe sabukela umpheki okhawulezayo opheka iipancakes, eziphosela emoyeni ukuze azijike, encumile njengoko eziphakela kwisidlo sangokuhlwa esinoxabiso. Ngokwesithethe amagcisa ayenebhongo ngomsebenzi wawo; namhlanje kusenokwenzeka ukuba zininzi iimbumbi zokuzilibazisa njengoko kukho abasebenzi kwiifektri zodongwe. Ukuba ezo zixhobo bezifumaneka ngokubanzi esixekweni, ngaba abantu abaninzi bebengenakuzenzela izitya ngodongwe, ngelixa iifektri ezizisebenzelayo ziveliswa ngobuninzi ngeplastiki?

Ngoko enye indlela yokuphinda usicinge ngokutsha isixeko kwasekuqaleni kukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wesixeko apho zininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka izinto ezenzelwa ingeniso ngoku, ziqhutywa kutshintshiselwano, zikhuphisana ngenjongo yokuzuza imali okanye amandla okanye isikhundla, okanye ziqhutywa Imfuneko yodwa, yenziwa ngenxa yomanyano, ngothando, ngenxa yolonwabo kulonwabo lwabanye. Kwaye ke khawucinge ukuba zeziphi zonke izinto esinokuzitshintsha?

Ukubeka ucelomngeni lokucinga ngokutsha kwesixeko ngokulula ngakumbi, ukuba isixeko sinokubunjwa ngenjongo yolonwabo lobomi, kunokuba silungiselwe iinjongo zemisebenzi engamkelekanga kodwa eyimfuneko ebandakanyekayo ekufumaneni imali, besiya kuba yintoni eso sixeko? njengaye? Ubuncinci, ngaba ibingayi kushenxisa izinto eziphambili kusetyenziso lwesixeko ukusuka kwezo zilungele ukwenza “ishishini” imisebenzi, ezo zisukelwa ngenzuzo kuphela, kwizithili “zoshishino,” ziye kwezo zinto zenzelwa ulonwabo nolwaneliseko lwendalo, izithili eziyilwe malunga nokuphuculwa kweendawo zokuhlala nezasekuhlaleni?

IV. Ukwandisa Ummandla Wenkululeko

Njengenye indlela yokucinga kwakhona, isixeko sinokuphinda sicingelwe ngokusekwe kumava emihla ngemihla noko sele kukho kummandla wenkululeko esixekweni njengoko sinawo ngoku. Yaye ukuba kunjalo, ngaba isixeko sinokufak’ isandla ekwenzeni oko kwenzeke? Ukwenza kufumaneke ezinye iindawo eziyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe ummandla wenkululeko kwisixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha? Iindawo zokuhlanganisana zasekuhlaleni, izikolo ezincinci, iindawo zokutyela zasekuhlaleni, iindawo zokusebenzela zokuzonwabisa, iindawo zokungcebeleka zendalo, amabala emidlalo kawonke-wonke kunye neendawo zemidlalo, iindawo zemidlalo yeqonga neekonsathi zabafundi abaqeqeshiweyo, iikliniki zempilo – zizinto eziyimfuneko ngokwenene kummandla wenkululeko?

Sisenokwenza ukuba amathuba akhoyo abumbe ngokuhlolisisa indlela esisisebenzisa ngayo ngokwenene esi sixeko namhlanje, ngoxa eneneni singazixhalabisi ngokuziphilisa kodwa kunokonwabela ukuphila, sisenza ezo zinto zisanelisa ngokwenene nezisenza sizive siphumeze okuthile? Sasiza kwenza ntoni? Besiza kulichitha njani ixesha lethu? Besiza kuya phi? Sifuna ukuba kwindawo enjani?

Umntu unokwahlulahlula into esiyenzayo ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini: into esiyenzayo ngasese, xa sisodwa okanye sikunye nabantu esibathandayo abasenyongweni, kunye nento esiyenzayo ekuhlaleni, nabanye, ngaphaya kondoqo kunye nesangqa esingaphakathi. Isixeko esinokucinga ukuba siya kuqinisekisa ukuba ngamnye uneyokuqala, indawo kunye neendlela zabucala, kwaye okwesibini, indawo kunye neendlela zentlalo, zibonelelwa ngokudibeneyo. Eyokuqala, eyimfihlo, into ekufuneka isixeko siyibonelele kukukhuselwa kwendawo kunye nemisebenzi eyeyakho. Okwesibini, ezentlalo, yile nto izixeko ziyiyo ngokwenene, kwaye kufuneka ibe ngumsebenzi wazo ophambili. Izixeko, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, zichazwa njengeendawo zonxibelelwano olubanzi noxineneyo lwentlalo.

Ngoko ukuba sijonga into esele siyenza, xa sikhululekile ngokwenene ukuba sizikhethele, yintoni esiya kuyenza? Mhlawumbi kakhulu ezinye zezinto ezifanayo esizenzayo ngoku, xa sikhululekile - kwaye, mhlawumbi, ukuba umntu unethamsanqa, zisenokuba zizinto umntu ahlawulwayo ukuze azenze ngoku. Abanye bethu bayakuthanda ukufundisa; ukuba bekunganyanzelekanga ukuba siziphilise, ndicinga ukuba singathanda ukufundisa. Sisenokungafuni ukuba neklasi ye-9:00 am, okanye ukuyenza imini yonke okanye yonke imihla; kodwa abanye siyakwenza ngenxa yothando lokuyenza. Uninzi lwethu lupheka ubuncinane isidlo ngosuku, ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa; Ngaba mhlawumbi besiya kuphekela iqela lonke leendwendwe kwindawo yokutyela ukuba sinokuyenza ngokwemiqathango yethu, asidingi mali, kwaye asihlawulwa? Ngaba besiza kuhamba? Besiza kuhamba nabanye ukuba sinendawo? Ukonwabisa iindwendwe, abasemzini, ngamaxesha athile, ngenxa yobuhlobo kunye nokufuna ukwazi, ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa, ukuba sasingayidingi imali? Ngaba siza kuya kwiintlanganiso ezingakumbi, okanye sikhethe ngakumbi kwiintlanganiso esiya kuzo. Ngaba besiya kubethwa ngumoya, siyonwabele ngaphandle, sibone imidlalo yeqonga, senze imidlalo yeqonga, sakhe izinto, siyile izinto, impahla okanye ifanitshala okanye izakhiwo, sicule, sidanise, sitsibe, sibaleke, ukuba bekunganyanzelekanga ukuba sisebenzele ukuziphilisa? ? Ukuba akukho namnye kwaba bantu sadibana naye owayengamazi, kodwa abanye babehluke kakhulu kuthi, ngaba besiya kubulisa abantu abangakumbi, senze abahlobo abangakumbi, sandise ukuqonda kwakho abanye?

Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wayo yonke loo nto, uze ucinge ukuba bekuya kufuneka sitshintshe ntoni kweso sixeko esele sisazi ukuze senze konke oko kwenzeke.

Sasiza kuba njani eso sixeko sicingelwayo? Ngaba inokuba neepaki ezininzi, imithi emininzi, iipavumente ezininzi? Zininzi izikolo, akukho zintolongo; iindawo ezininzi apho ubumfihlo bukhuselwe, kwaye ngakumbi apho ungadibana nabantu ongabaziyo? Amagumbi oluntu amaninzi, iindibano zocweyo zobugcisa ezingakumbi, iiholo zokuziqhelanisa neekonsathi ezininzi? Izakhiwo ezininzi ezakhelwe ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kunye nolonwabo lobuhle endaweni yenzuzo okanye iwonga? Izixhobo ezimbalwa ezisetyenziswa kwiintengiso, kwizinto zodidi oluphezulu, ekusetyenzisweni okubonakalayo?

Bekuya kufuneka ntoni ukufumana isixeko esinjalo? Kakade ke, into yokuqala ngelishwa ilula kakhulu; siyakufuna umgangatho wokuphila oqinisekisiweyo, kuya kufuneka sikhululeke kwimfuneko yokwenza nantoni na esingathandi ukuyenza ukuze siziphilise. Kodwa oko akunakwenzeka; kukho uncwadi olupheleleyo malunga nokuba i-automation inokwenza ntoni, yeyiphi inkunkuma ekhoyo kuqoqosho lwethu (i-23% yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-Federal iya emkhosini; cinga ukuba imali ayizange ihlawulwe ngokubulala abantu kodwa ngokubanceda)? Yaye ngaba besingayi kuvuma ukuba nesabelo kumsebenzi ongathandekiyo oseleyo ukuba ibiyindlela yokuhlala kwisixeko ebesilapho ukuze sonwabe?

Konke oku kuthatha utshintsho oluninzi, kwaye ayitshintshi kuphela kwizixeko. Kodwa umfuniselo wengcinga wokucinga ngamathuba anokubonelela ngenkuthazo yokubeka utshintsho olufunekayo ekusebenzeni.

V. Ukusuka kwisiXeko sokwenyani ukuya kwisiXeko esiQongwe ngokutsha: iiNtshukumo eziTshintshayo

Ngaphaya kweemvavanyo zengcinga, zixhokonxa njengoko zisenokuba , ngawaphi amanyathelo anokucingelwa anokuthi asiqhubele ngokoqobo kwisixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha somnqweno wentliziyo? Enye indlela isenokuba kukuqalisa ngokukhangela iinkalo esele zikho zemisebenzi yesixeko esele zikhubekise iintliziyo zethu size sizinciphise okanye ezisele zisinika uvuyo size sifudukele ukuzandisa.

Ukuba ke siza kuphinda sicinge ngeso sixeko ngokufanelekileyo kodwa ngokugxekayo, ngokuqala ngento esele ikhona, iqhinga liya kuba kukugxila kwezo nkqubo kunye nezindululo eziguqulayo, eziya kujongana neengcambu zeengxaki kunye nokwaneliseka, oko kuya kuba nokwenzeka kakhulu. ukukhokelela ukusuka ngoku ukuya kwinto esicingelwe ngayo kwakhona isixeko ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuqulunqa iimfuno zenguqu, eziya kwiingcambu zeengxaki, oko u-Andre Gorz wabiza iinguqu ezingaguqukiyo.

kulula ngokufanelekileyo ukuvumelana kuninzi okungalunganga kwizixeko zethu, kwaye ukusuka apho ukuya kuvumelana ngento enokwenziwa ukuphendula. Emva koko ukudibanisa ezo ziqwenga, umfanekiso ophinde wacingelwa weso sixeko, mhlawumbi ungakhazimli njengalowo ucingelwe kwakhona ukusuka ekuqaleni kodwa oyinyaniso ngokukhawuleza kwaye kufanelekile ukulandelwa, unokuvela.

Jonga umntu ngamnye ukuba ingaba yintoni na loo maqhekeza (ngokuqinisekileyo kukho ngaphezulu, kodwa oku kulandelayo yimizekelo yezinto eziphambili).

Ukungalingani. Siyazi ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu kunye nokunyuka kokungalingani kusisiseko seengxabano ezininzi kunye nokungakhuseleki esixekweni, kwaye umgangatho ofanelekileyo wokuphila esixekweni uxhomekeke kubahlali bayo abanengeniso efanelekileyo. Imithetho eyomeleleyo yemivuzo yokuphila, kunye neenkqubo zerhafu eziqhubekayo, zihambela kwelo cala. Iimfuno zenguqu apha ziya kuba zezengeniso yonyaka eqinisekisiweyo kubo bonke, ngokusekelwe kwimfuno endaweni yokusebenza.

Izindlu. Izindlu ezifanelekileyo kumntu wonke, ukuphelisa ukungabi namakhaya, ukuxinana, ukuxinana, iirenti ezifikelelekayo, inokuba zizithako eziphambili kuso nasiphi na isixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha ngokufanelekileyo. Iivawutsha zezindlu, iintlobo ngeentlobo zenkxaso-mali, kunye nenkuthazo yerhafu, iibhonasi zokucandwa kweendawo ezisetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo oludityanisiweyo lwerenti, zonke ziindlela zokulungisa ingxaki. Kumakhaya asengozini yokuvalwa, ukuncitshiswa kwenqununu okanye inzala kunye nokwandisa iintlawulo luncedo kwixesha elifutshane, kodwa ngokufanayo akujongi ingxaki esisiseko. Inguqu, nangona kunjalo, iya kuba kukwandiswa kwezindlu zoluntu, eziqhutywa ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwabaqeshi kwaye kwinqanaba lomgangatho lisusa naliphi na ibala kubahlali. Iitrasti zemihlaba yoluntu kunye nezindlu ezinomnono olinganiselweyo ngokunjalo zalatha indlela yokuthatha indawo yecandelo eliqikelelwayo nelikhuthaza ingeniso lokuhlala kwizindlu ekusetyenzisweni kwexabiso, kugxininiswa into ebalulekileyo yoluntu kulungiselelo lwezindlu. Oko kulungisa iingcambu zengxaki yezindlu ezikumgangatho ongenakufikeleleka.

Ungcoliseko nokuxinana. Ukuxinana komsi weemoto, ukungafikeleleki ngaphandle kokhathalelo lweenkonzo ezifunekayo konke oko kunokuba yingxaki enkulu, kunye nokulawula amanqanaba okukhutshwa kweemoto kunye nokuxinana kwamaxabiso ziindlela eziluncedo zokulungisa ingxaki. Uguqulo ngamanyathelo afana nokuvala izitrato (uvavanyo lweTimes Square lwandiswe kakhulu), kwaye luyilungelelanisa ngohambo oluphuculweyo lwe-pubic, ukukhuthaza uhlengahlengiso lweendawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ukufikelela kwiibhayisekile, ukuxuba ukusetyenziswa, konke kuya phambili ekuhlaseleni iingcambu zengxaki, ukucebisa ngenguqu kwizixeko ezicingwe ngokutsha.

Ukucwangcisa. Ukunqongophala kokulawulwa kokusingqongileyo komntu, ubunzima bokuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwizigqibo malunga nekamva lesixeko ahlala kuso, ngumba omkhulu ukuba ukufuna ulonwabo kunye nokwaneliseka kwisixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha. Iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo, ukufumaneka lula kolwazi, ukwenziwa elubala kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo, kuxhotyisiwe iiBhodi zoLuntu. Kodwa de iiBhodi zoLuntu zinikwe amandla okwenene, kunokuba zibe zingcebiso nje, ucwangciso olungelulo luya kuqhubeka. Ukwabela amagunya okwenyani kuya kuba yinguqu. Uvavanyo kuHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali oluThatha inxaxheba ngoku oluqhubekayo kwisiXeko saseNew York nakwezinye iindawo ligalelo lokwenyani kwimigaqo-nkqubo enokubakho yenguqu.

Isithuba sikawonke-wonke. Emva kwamava okukhutshwa eZuccotti Park, imfuno yendawo yoluntu ekhoyo kwizenzo zedemokhrasi iye yabonakala. Ukulungelelanisa imithetho nemigaqo elawula iipaki zikamasipala, ukuvumela indawo eninzi, kawonke-wonke/yabucala, ukuba ifumaneke kwimisebenzi enjalo, ngamanyathelo asendleleni elungileyo. Ukukhusela ilungelo labantu abangenamakhaya ukuba balale kwiibhentshi zepaki yinto encinci, nangona isiseko, imfuno, ngokucacileyo ayikho imfuno ejoliswe ekupheliseni ukungabi namakhaya. Ukwandisa unikezelo ngendawo yoluntu kunye nokubeka phambili usetyenziso lwemisebenzi yedemokhrasi kunokuba yinguqu, kwaye kuya kuba licandelo laso nasiphi na isixeko esicingwe ngokutsha. (Jonga iBlog yam #8).

Imfundo. Imfundo yoluntu exhaswa ngokwaneleyo ngemali, kunye nokuguquguquka kwezikolo ezihlawulelwayo kodwa ngaphandle kokunciphisa indima yolawulo loluntu, iya kuba linyathelo elikhulu eliya phambili; kubafundi abakwimfundo ephakamileyo uxolelo lwemali-mboleko yabafundi luyimfuneko emandla. Kodwa imfuno yenguqu iya kuba yeyokufunda simahla ngokupheleleyo, efumaneka kubo bonke, kunye neemeko zenkxaso ezinokuthi zivumele bonke abafundi ukuba baxhamle kuyo.

Amalungelo okuhlala. Ulungelelwaniso ngumba ophambili ekusingiseni kwisixeko esicingelwayo esitshintshileyo, kwaye isixeko sangoku kufuneka siququzelele ulungelelwaniso lwedemokhrasi. Eminye imiba ekhankanywe ngasentla: indawo kawonke-wonke, imfundo, izindlu kunye nemivuzo eyenza ukuba uthatho-nxaxheba lokwenene lube nokwenzeka, zonke zixhasa ukuqondwa okwandisiweyo kwamalungelo oluntu. Ke, ngokucacileyo, sisiphelo seendlela ezininzi ezithintela umbutho, ukusuka kwimida yamapolisa kwiindibano kunye nentetho ukuya kwinto ebizwa ngokuba "yimilinganiselo yokhuseleko lwelizwe" ukuya kusetyenziso olulula lwesitrato kwiindibano zikawonke-wonke, ukuhambisa amaphecana, njl. njl. ukunciphisa utyekelo olungenakuthintelwa ngelishwa lwamagosa karhulumente kunye neenkokeli zokuzama ukulawula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kwiindawo zabo zokulawula, imisebenzi ebalulekileyo eqinisekileyo enokufunyanwa imfutshane kwimpumelelo yesixeko esicingelwe ngokutsha, kwaye mhlawumbi nalapho.

Beka iinjongo zazo zonke ezi mfuno zenguqu kunye, kwaye uguqule isixeko esicingelwayo ukuba sibe siphuhlisa kwaye sitshintsha i-mosaic esekwe kwinto ekhoyo, eneengcambu zayo kubunyani bangoku, kodwa inyama ngokuthe chu emathanjeni ento yokucinga.

PHAWULA

Isilumkiso: Ukucinga kwakhona ngesixeko kunokuba mnandi, kunokukhuthaza, kunokubonisa amathandabuzo ukuba elinye ilizwe linokwenzeka. Kodwa kukho ingozi:

Ukucinga ngokutsha kwesiXeko akufuneki kubonwe njengeprojekthi yoyilo yangoku, sibonisa ukuba isixeko esibonakalayo sinokujongeka njani na ukuba besinendlela yethu, injani i-utopia. Into esiyifunayo esi sixeko asikokuyila ngokutsha, kodwa kukuhlengahlengiswa, utshintsho kumntu esimkhonzayo, kungekhona indlela esibanceda ngayo abo bakhonza kuso ngoku. Ifuna indima eyahlukileyo kwimeko-bume yayo eyakhiweyo, kunye notshintsho olulungelelaniswe nendima entsha, hayi ngolunye uhlobo. Isixeko esiyilwe ngokutsha siyindlela yokufikelela esiphelweni. Isiphelo yintlalo-ntle, ulonwabo,, ukwaneliseka okunzulu, kwabo kufuneka sikhonze isixeko: sonke. Akufunekanga sichithe ixesha elininzi siyila ngokwasemzimbeni ukuba ezo zixeko ziphinde zaphinda zacingelwa ziya kujongeka njani ngaphandle nje kokuxhokonxa iingcinga, nangona kunjalo ziluncedo - kwaye yeyiphi injongo yesi siqwenga. Uyilo lokwenene kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela xa kukho amandla okuphumeza, ngabantu abaya kuthi ke bawasebenzise. Uyilo kufuneka luphuhliswe ngedemokhrasi neenkqubo eziselubala nezinolwazi.

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Ukuze ufumane isindululo esisebenzayo ngokukhawuleza sokwenza ukucinga kwakhona kwesixeko kube linyathelo elilandelayo eliluncedo kwezopolitiko, bona iBlog #26.

  1 Kodwa isilumkiso apha, kuba oko kunqwenelwa yintliziyo eneneni kunokulawulwa. U-Herbert Marcuse ujongana nalo mbandela ekwenzeni umahluko phakathi kweminqweno eyiyo kunye nelawulwayo, iimfuno eziyinyani kunye nezenziweyo. Jonga iZibhalo eziQokelelweyo, ed. Douglas Kellner, umqu. VI.
2. Ngokufana nokuqulunqwa kukaJurgen Habermas.
3, Hegel, Marx, Herbert Marcuse
4. Indlela yokuchaza into “eyimfuneko ngokwenene” licebo elikhohlisayo. Indlela enye eneziqhamo, bona uHerbert Marcuse, iSincoko seNkululeko, eBoston: Beacon Press, 1969.
5. Richard Titmus, The Gift Relation, 1970.
6. UMaimonides, eSt. Francis.
7. Ngaba ziinxalenye zomzabalazo wokhuphiswano okanye ubukho obulula, awenzelwanga ukwaneliseka komsebenzi onemveliso owenziwe kakuhle abawubonelelayo., UHerbert Marcuse unayo kwiSincoko seNkululeko.
8. Ingcamango kaMarx, kwiGrundrisse, ehlomle ngayo kuHerbert Marcuse vol. VI, amaPhepha aqokelelweyo, uDouglas Kellner, umhleli, uRoutledge.ozayo,
9. Kwimeko ekhoyo ngoku, kugxininise kumsebenzi wekhola emhlophe, jonga uBrynjolfsson, u-Erik noMcAfee, uAdam (ngo-Oktobha 2011) Race Against The Machine: Indlela i-Digital Revolution ikhawuleza ngayo i-Innovation, iDriving Productivity, kunye nokuguqulwa ngokungenakuguqulelwa koMsebenzi kunye noQoqosho. Digital Frontier Press. I-ISBN 0-984-72511-3.

Isihlomelo esingenasiphelo

UIsaya 40:4 usetyenziswe kumbhalo kaMesiya kaHandel, kwisicatshulwa apho umprofeti exelela abantu ukuba balungiselele ukuza kweNkosi ngokumenzela uhola wendlela entlango, emva koko:

Zonke iintlambo ziya kuphakanyiswa, zonke iintaba neenduli zigungxulwe; iindawo ezimagqagala uthe tye, iindawo ezimagqagala zithe tyaba.

Ukufunda oku njengesafobe sezopolitiko somgaqo-siseko wentlalo noqoqosho wesixeko esicingelwayo, buciko. Isenokufundwa njengesafobe kwingxoxo-mpikiswano emalunga namazinga erhafu yengeniso eqhubekayo njengoko ndibhala oku, kunye neenjongo ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nemfuneko yokwenziwa elubala kwizenzo zoluntu.

Kodwa ifundwe njengoyilo lwesixeko esicingelwayo, iya kuba sisichasi socwangciso olulungileyo. Abagcini bendalo baya kurhoxa kuyo ngenxa yokoyikeka, abakhi bezakhiwo baya kuzikrazula iimpahla zabo, abaguquleli bobulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho banokuyibona njengekhwelo leentolongo ezingakumbi, abalondolozi bembali bayibona njengesoyikiso kwilifa lemveli yezixeko ezidala. U-Isaya akakho ukuze azikhusele, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iintsingiselo zakhe bezikufutshane kwezopolitiko/kwezentlalo kunezomzimba.

Kulumkele ukuveza imiba yasekuhlaleni kwizafobe zomzimba, hleze zithathwe ngokoqobo! 

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