Vula ileta eya kumfo ongaziwayo-ZSpacer kunye noG. Olson
IMfundo-iMbhalelwano-ZSpace
Kutshanje ndiye ndabamba inqaku lenqaku le-Z-Space elinombhalo ongezantsi othi “… ngaba kukho umntu ofundayo?” yaye xa, emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, ndacinga ngesisalamane inqaku lokwenza kwaye ndiyijonge andikhange ndiyifumane ukusukela oko ndingene "jonga yonke imixholo yamva nje" yandinika amanqaku eZnet kunye neZmag. Mhlawumbi kunjalo ityala lam, andinguye umsebenzisi onobuchule bokukhangela oomatshini. Kwakhona, ukubuza umbuzo kwimbono ye “sysop…”, okanye nantoni na, ibonise ukuba impazamo eyenziwe kwenye indawo ayizange ivumele ukuba kuthunyelwe umbuzo. Konke oku andikuxeleli kakhulu ukuba ndibuze i-ZSpace ukuba ibe lula kubantu abadala abangaziyo oomatshini, as ukuxolisa kumbhali welo nqaku ngokungalikhumbuli igama lakhe okanye ingongoma yakhe yonke kunye nokushwankathela ngenkumbulo into endiyigcinileyo. kuyo, oko kukuthi esinye isizathu esinokubakho ukungabikho kweempendulo kunye nezimvo kwiZspace, okanye Znet, amanqaku kukuba ukungabi nayo i-abstract phambi kwenqaku ngalinye, kodwa kuphela isihloko esifutshane kakhulu, mhlawumbi abantu abayifaki konke konke ukufunda (Ngendlela, esi sizathu sokuba inqaku langoku ndilithumela kabini, kube kanye ngesihloko ngasinye esingasentla. , ekubeni ubukhulu becala enye kuzo ibonakala iphelele, kanti ngoku nganye nganye isebenza ngokufana nje nenye; nesizathu sokufinyeza. isihloko sesibini kwiphepha elingaphambili le-ZSpace). Mhlawumbi i ukuxilongwa kokungabikho kwe-abstract njengesizathu sonxibelelwano oluncinci luhlolwe yinto yokuba inqaku elifanayo kwiZinn nguGiroux emva kokufa kukaZinn Amagqabantshintshi angama-33 kwinyani (oko kubandakanya izinto ezifihlakeleyo) kwaye (ngomhla woku-1 kuFebruwari kwakhona) inkcazo enye kwiZnet kodwa andicingi ukuba nokuba yiGiroux, okanye iZinn (ingakumbi emva koko). ukufa kwakhe), Idinga i-abstract ekufuneka ifundwe, kwaye andicingi ukuba umahluko uchazwa yinto yokuba i-ZNet yathumela i-Giroux emva kwexesha elincinci (kwaye lalincinci ixesha lokuphawula okanye yayingabantu abafanayo ababeza kufunda kwaye baphawule kwaye sele bekwenzile. yona, njalo njalo). Inqaku elifanayo endifuna ukulithetha yayikukuba ngeenzame zokuqalisa, okanye ukuphuma, kumaphepha e-ZSpace, imbalelwano nabantu, endiye ndadibana nabo kumanqaku abo apho, kwimiba enxulumene namanqaku abawabhalileyo, kubonakale kunzima kakhulu ukuqala nantoni na nabafundi baseMelika kunabo bangengabo baseMelika (ngokobungakanani oku kunokuqinisekiswa ngokujonga nje amanani iileta zatshintshwa Ngo-Agasti-Septemba-Oktobha, kunye neeleta ezitshintshiweyo ngoNovemba-Disemba, ngoJanuwari, xa omnye uZSpacer waseNicaragua kunye nomnye uZSpacer waseNepal bajoyina. Ngaphandle kukaJanuwari, oko kusafuna ukulungiswa, ezinye iinyanga sele zithunyelwe ekungeneni kwendawo yam www.johnalevizos.net ) Andiqondi ukuba oku kunxulumene kakhulu nenyaniso yokuba mna ngokwam ndandingengomMelika (ndingumGrike) kwaye andicingi ukuba ezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo ezo tshintshiselwano zihlala kumanani oonobumba nakuhlalutyo lwe nokwenzeka izizathu ze umahluko wabo. Ukanti igama lika ZSpacer G. Olson, unjingalwazi wenzululwazi yezopolitiko, kwenye yezi zihloko zingasentla ibonakala kanye uxhumano mhlawumbi ufuna ukuchaza lo mahluko, ekubeni ekugqibeleni akazange athathe inxaxheba kuyo nayiphi na ingxoxo apho (waphendula ukuba uya kuphendula yam phawula kwinqaku lakhe emva kwexesha eliphakathi kweFall kodwa akazange. Kodwa ekubeni efundisa isayensi yezopolitiko unokushiya kancinci aze agqibe enoba kufanelekile ukwabelwa 2 okanye 3 abafundi, bobabini baseMelika nabangaphandle, njengeprojekthi yekota, uhlalutyo lwaloo mahluko. Ndiphinda ndithi ndiqwalasela oko baya kukufunda ngokufunda njengento ebaluleke kakhulu kunezizathu zaloo mahluko (kodwa olo hlalutyo lunokuba sisizathu esihle sokuqala ukufunda!). Kwakhona ndicinga ukuba ukufumana isizathu sokuba abafundi beZnet babhale izimvo, okanye bafunde mhlawumbi, ngaphantsi kwe abafundi bewebhu-iindawo kunye abstracts, yesibini xa kuthelekiswa ukuqala nje ukunxibelelana nangaphambi kokuchonga eso sizathu. Ngoku makhe siqale into eninzi kubaluleke ngakumbi, oko kukuthi, inqaku lanamhlanje esinalo engqondweni:
Abalandeli nokuba nguMarx okanye UGuy Debord okanye bobabini, bahlala besithi ithiyori okanye uqheliselo olungasasebenziyo, nangona lwalufudula lusenza, luphela njengomboniso ngaphakathi kwinkqubo leyo. ayinakutshintsha (kwaye ukuba bafunda iingcali zefiziksi nabo banokuphinda bacaphule ingcamango kaGell-Mann ethi “akukho buchule bokuthetha bunokugcina ithiyori engalunganga”). Abafundisi-ntsapho rhoqo zizibuze ukuba imfundo isenokuba luncedo kusini na ekwalatheni kwiindlela zotshintsho kumaxesha apho ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwazisa iiparamitha ezinkulu kakhulu ukuba zingaphathwa kwizikali zeklasi or nakwizinga lesizwe; umz. ingaba inganceda kancinci kule nto ibekwe nguChomsky njenge "Isindululo esisebenzayo ngakumbi kukunceda ukutshintsha inkcubeko yoluntu lwasekhaya ngokwaneleyo ukuze into ekufuneka yenziwe ngoku ingenziwa ibe ngumxholo wengxoxo "kuluntu apho, njengoKojol kunye noFishbane. iyibeka ngokuthi “…abantwana kufuneka balungele ilizwe lezoqoqosho—kodwa uhlaselo lwesikolo sikarhulumente ngenxa yemilinganiselo yorhwebo luye lwabadimaza kakhulu ootitshala. Ndihleli kumagumbi okufundela apho utitshala kufuneka abhale into ebizwa ngokuba yi-mission statement ethi, “Injongo yesi sikolo kukulola ukhuphiswano.
Abafundisi-ntsapho bakwazibuza ukuba kusengenzeka na ukunceda abafundi ukuya kulwalathiso olufana nolo lucetyiswe ngu-Einstein (umz. umgca owaziwayo Hlala usithobela isazela sakho, nokuba urhulumente uyakuvumela ukuba unga… Yiba nobuganga bokuthatha izimvo zakho nzulu, kuba zizo eziya kukubumba. (akekeleyo ngaphandle kwamanqaku okucaphula mhlawumbi hayi ngokwelizwi) okanye ukubanceda ekulandeleni Ukubaleka kukaMark Twain ekubeni ingqondo yakhe ixhatshazwe (umz. umgca wakhe Ukuba ufuna ukuzilawula, bhekisa kwisidenge, ngabona sisininzi...andisoze ndithembe urhulumente ngemfundo yam.). Inkxaso yokuziphatha, kodwa ayisosisombululo sokugqibela, singenaso isisombululo esibonakalayo, yile ilandelayo indala, kwaye mhlawumbi iphelelwe lixesha, ukongeza (ngoGauchet) kwisilogeni semfundo esaziwayo esasifudula sihamba njengokuthi “imfundo yinto ehlala ihleli xa ulibale ngayo yonke into oyifundileyo. ”…Ukongeza) …“ukuba oko ukufundileyo bekulomoya ulandelayo: Ngenisa izihlangu zenjengele okanye zejoni hayi kwindawo evulekileyo yethafa ledabi kodwa kwindawo ekhuselweyo efana neqonga kwigumbi lokufundela; ngenisa izihlangu zomqambi ezingafakwanga elebhu ukuphaphama kubusuku obude beenyanga ezinde kodwa kwiiyure ezimbalwa zeemeko ezinjengenqanaba kwi zesikolo ilebhu faka izihlangu ze-hermit ...., ngenisa…., njl njl akukho nanye kwezi iya kuze ibe yinxalenye yobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla yobuchwephesha (okanye nobomi bakho bomntu, kunjalo).
Oku kusenexabiso kwimfundo yabafundi abancinci kodwa kubafundi abaqala ukungena iinkqubo ezizama ukutshintsha, Ukufaneleka kweMarx/Debord kunye neGell-Mann's aphorisms esaqala ngayo kudla ngokuvakala kabuhlungu njengodano oludambisayo ngenxa yokungaphumeleli rhoqo (ukuba asiyonto engenamsebenzi, into engekhoyo, njl. njl. ivesi yomntu omdala Ingoma ye-rock yesiGrike hamba (kwinguqulelo yasimahla) ngathi “Zimke ngonaphakade uthando oludala kunye neebhanile/izimvo kunye nezindululo nezikhalo nezikhalo/ ziye zaba izinto zokudlala zabantwana"). Ikhuthaza kakhulu imizekelo yabantu abafana noZinn noChomsky. Ukususela ngenxa yokufa kwakhe kutshanje uZinn isengundabamlonyeni wosuku bekuya kuba yimfuneko ukongeza nantoni na kwizinto ezimangalisayo ezithethiweyo ukukhomba indlela umsebenzi wakhe, iincwadi zakhe nobomi bakhe, obusebenza ngayo. Masicaphule nje (ngenkumbulo) uChomsky waphendula wathini kudliwanondlebe (nguAlbert kunokwenzeka, kodwa andibheji) wabuzwa ukuba yintoni ayeza kuyenza ngokwahlukileyo ebomini bakhe ukuba bekunobungqina obucacileyo kuye bokuba akukho namnye kwimigudu yakhe oya kuze izise utshintsho. Impendulo yathi "Akukho nto". Makhe kwakhona sizikhumbuze ezimbini iimpendulo zakhe kwimibuzo kaNavarro kudliwanondlebe ngoJulayi (okanye ngoJuni?) I-2008 (i-googlable ngokulula): Ebuzwa ukuba ukuvalelwa kwakhe kwakuvakalelwa njani kuye waphendula wathi "Uthetha ukuthini ukuvalelwa? Emva kolu dliwano-ndlebe ndiza kugoduka kwaye ndiza kuhlala iiyure ezi-5 ndiphendula imibuzo kwiwebhu”. Uye wabuza ukuba yintoni emnike idrive yakhe eyothusayo kunye namandla akhombe kwifoto eseludongeni esithi “kwabanye oku inokubonakala ingacacanga njengeRorschach uvavanyo kodwa wena ngokwakho uqinisekile ukuba uyayazi ukuba imalunga na: Abanye abasebenzi, kunye neentsapho zabo, kwi… (kwindawo ethile eLatin America okanye Mekhsikho )…kuboniswa ukuba kunyuswe imivuzo kancinane, bamenywa kwiyadi yesikolo ukuze baxoxe ngayo, yaye bonke badutyulwa ngoomatshini. Ngoko ke ndiyayijonga loo nto ndize ndifumane amandla”. Ngexesha elithile phambi kolo dliwano-ndlebe wayekhankanyile, kolunye udliwano-ndlebe, indlela ababefundisana ngayo, kwaye nokufundisa uluntu lonke, yayiyinyani yokuba abanye abafundi kwelinye ilizwe lasebumelwaneni benza iintetho kunye nemidlalo yeqonga malunga nesiganeko esifanayo ngeentsuku zesikhumbuzo (ukuba ndizama kancinci ndingakwazi fumana ngakumbi olo dliwano-ndlebe, ukuba umfundi uyandicela ukuba ndenze njalo). Nto leyo isizisa sobabini kumba wokungaphumeleli okanye ukungoneli kwemfundo phambi kwezi meko zikhoyo kwaye kudliwanondlebe lukaChomsky [iposwe yiZNet kutshanje (Jan. 10 2010), enesihloko esithi "Ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kubuchule bokuyila”, enikwe uEric French of "amauta” ngo Fall 2009 ngo Mekhsikho ]
ezalatha ngakumbi ukufaneleka kwemfundo ngeendlela zokwenza ukuba ifikeleleke ngokubanzi. Masibone ukuba ngokubandakanya isiqalo kunye nokuphela kodliwano-ndlebe lwamva nje lukaChomsky olufakwe nguZNet (olona lwamva nje lwalumalunga Zinn kunjalo)
"Ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kubuchule bokudala"
NgoJanuwari 10, 2010 Ngu Noam Chomsky
Iphepha leZSpace likaNoam Chomsky
Phakathi kuSeptemba, uNoam Chomsky wayengomnye weendwendwe zembeko La Jordan's isikhumbuzo samashumi amabini anesihlanu. U-Eric French wase-Amauta uvelise olu dliwano-ndlebe.
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Amauta: …Uthe ukwakha intshukumo, abeendaba kufuneka babandakanyeke ekwakheni intshukumo. Yinto yam le. Kodwa ukwakha intshukumo, udinga "isibheno esisekwe ngokubanzi," "inkcubeko yokwenyani enokwenyani inokudalwa kuphela ngotshintsho lokomoya lwabantu abaninzi, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulo naluphi na utshintsho lwentlalo kukwandisa amathuba okudala abantu. kunye nenkululeko. Amajelo osasazo afana no-Amauta angazityhalela njani ekwakhiweni kwesi "sibheno sibanzi" kwaye adlulele ngaphaya 'kokushumayela kwikwayala'? Kuba ndivakalelwa kukuba uninzi lwamajelo ethu eendaba athanda, njengokuba ndifunda izinto ezithile, ndifunda iLa Jornada, kodwa, ngaba abantu abafana nam bafunda iLa Jornada kuphela? Okanye abanye abantu bafunde iLa Jornada? Abakuthandi ukucelwa umngeni.
Chomsky: ILa Jornada ifundwa ngokubanzi. Njengokuba unokuhla ngezitrato ubone, umntu othile umile, ehleli kwindawo yentselo kwaye eyifunda. Kodwa, uyazi, imidiya kuphela ayonelanga. Kufuneka ube nombutho. Ngoko thabatha
Amauta: Ke ucinga ukuba kufuneka sibandakanywe abantu, kodwa ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kule...
Chomsky: Kuthatha umbutho. Ulungelelwaniso kunye nemfundo, xa besebenzisana kunye, bayaqinisana, baxhasana.
Amauta: Ucinga ukuba unonxibelelwano lwabantu abaphuma kuzo zonke iindawo zoluntu, kodwa uninzi ekufuneka lubuyise ilizwi labo, babe ziingcali ngokwabo njengeentatheli zabemi okanye amagcisa, lo gama bephendulana kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweendaba?
Chomsky: Zininzi iindlela zokwenza. Ndiya kuhamba, kodwa ndiza kukunika umzekelo omnye osebenzayo, phakathi kweminye emininzi. Ndangena
Amauta: Ke, uyibona njengenxaxheba esebenzayo kule ntshukumo?
Chomsky: Ngokuqinisekileyo, bekukho malunga… ezinye zazo ibingamahlaya, uyazi. Kodwa ezinye zazo, uyazi, malunga nengxaki yamatyala, okanye malunga ne-AIDS...
Amauta: Kodwa ivumela indawo yokuyila, kubantu…
Chomsky: Kukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kubuchule bokudala. Kwaye yayiyinto entle ukucinga ukuyenza, ndiyacinga. Andazi ukuba isaqhubeka na, kodwa yenye yeemodeli ezininzi ezinokwenzeka.
Mna ngokwam ndifumanisa ukuba kutheni kungekho mntu (ngaphandle ...nam) ohlomle kolu dliwano-ndlebe.
Esinye sezizathu( esinye se uninzi kodwa alunamdla ngaphezu kwesi sizathu silandelayo singathandekiyo) inokuba ngabafundi nababhali beZnet musa ukukholelwa kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga njengoChomsky (okanye kakhulu njengoZinn, owaziwayo, naye wayengumbhali nomdlalo wakhe odumileyo "I-Marx e-Soho" idlalwe ngeelwimi ezininzi kumazwe amaninzi kunye needolophu ezingenakubalwa emhlabeni jikelele), mhlawumbi bathatha isimo sengqondo "kufuneka siyibone ngamehlo ethu, eMexico okanye naphi na, ukuzikholelwa ngokwethu” okanye, (kwafanayo Nye isizathu kodwa sichazwe ngendlela entsonkothileyo) basenokucinga ngolu hlobo: “Chomsky-okanye-non-Chomsky, akukho mntu, iChomskies kunye neZinns kunye neMumfords zibandakanyiwe, uye wacinga nasiphi na isisombululo sokubonisa Izithintelo, ke ngoko imfundo, ngakumbi ngethiyetha, kukuzalisekiswa okudandathekisayo kweMarx-Debord. iingcinga malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwizisombululo kwiingxaki zangaphambili (oko sikubonileyo ekuqaleni). Ke kutheni uthatha ukumangaliswa kukaChomsky kwizinto ezinje ngayo nantoni na engaphezulu kwe-predilection esekwe kuyo umgaqo-siseko ngokwasengqondweni hayi ukuya kwimigangatho engqongqo eqhelekileyo zonke iingcinga zakhe? Ngaba kukho nantoni na engqongqo ngakumbi ekunokusekelwe kuyo ithemba kule migudu yokufundisa? Ngaba kukho, kubunzulu, nawuphi na umzamo wemfundo ofanele ukwenziwa ngaphandle kokufundisa ulutsha olukrelekrele ukuba luvelise izazi ngezoqoqosho neengcali ngemekobume ezinokuvelisa izicombululo zokubonisa ukungavisisani okufana neengcali zefiziksi noogqirha. ukuvelisa ezintsha, oomatshini, unyango njl? Ngaba alufuneki uhlobo lohlalutyo olucokisekileyo?” . Ngokuphathelele nje, eyakhe nje ithemba elisekelwe ngokwasengqondweni ezikhethwayo i-ZSpacer yangoku inokuba nethemba / inqwenelela ukuba “iMbali kaMarx iphinda-phinda nje kuphela” ayikuthinteli ukwenza iimbali zangaphambi kokuba ziqale. zeziganeko ezizayo ukuze xa zisenzeka babe nethuba lokuphinda kwinqanaba elindilisekileyo nelingengawo amafarci. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ngeminqweno enjalo ebengayi kulindela ukukholisa nabani na. Ke masiyicime into esiqale ngayo, njengentshayelelo nje, kwaye uqale kwakhona uhlalutyo kwezinye iziseko: Endaweni yokumisa njengezaci zezemfundo imigca esiyibone nguMarx/Debord noGell-Mann, kunye nenqaku elifana nolomntwana nguGauchet, masime, endaweni yabo, the, ithemba ngakumbi kodwa ngokulinganayo kucace kwaye kuncinci njengomntwana, umgca kaMumford Ngokuqinisekileyo, unqulo lwe ixesha elidlulileyo alibuyiseli imbali kodwa ukuchaswa kwembali; imbali yokwenyani ayifunyanwa ngaphandle kokuba ingene kubomi obutsha kubumba olutsha kunye nomgca, nguFeynman, Ukuhlola umbandela omtsha ngengqondo ephangaleleyo asikokuwuhlolisisa ngengqondo engenanto (okanye malunga). Kwaye ngaphambili ezo masizibeke njenge, ngokuthe ngqo, isaci a iseti yezicatshulwa nguChomsky (uninzi lwabo babolekwe kubo
Umzamo omnye wokuphendula
eminye yemibuzo (yeNtshona kuphela?) ingqiqo
kwi-“Reimagining society project” ebanjwe yi-Zcommunications
“Awukho umbutho omtsha wenguqu unalo naliphi na ithuba lokuphumelela, kwaye awufanele namnye, ngaphandle kokuba unokuphuhlisa ukuqonda uluntu lwangoku kunye nombono wolungelelwaniso lwentlalo lwexesha elizayo olucenga uninzi lwabemi.1 … Iinjongo kunye neendlela zombutho zayo nayiphi na iprojekthi yotshintsho olululo ekhohlo yezopolitiko kufuneka ibumbe ngokuthatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo kumzabalazo odumileyo kunye nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwentlalo. Inkcubeko yokwenene yokwenene inokudalwa kuphela ngokuguqulwa kokomoya kwezihlwele ezinkulu zabantu, uphawu olubalulekileyo lwalo naluphi na utshintsho lwentlalo olunokwandisa amathuba okudala kunye nenkululeko yabantu.2... A.. isindululo esisebenzayo kukuncedisa ekutshintsheni inkcubeko yoluntu lwasekhaya ngokwaneleyo ukuze into ekufuneka yenziwe ngoku ibe ngumxholo wengxoxo.3 " Emini Chomsky
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Ngaphandle kohlahlelo malunga nethiyetha, nathi sinazo wathetha izinto ezifanayo nakweli nqaku kwizaci ezininzi, ezimfutshane okanye ezinde. Eyona nto ithe ngqo kuzo yimbalelwano noogxa-ZSpace, kungoko igama lesibini kumxholo ongezantsi othi “Education-Correspondence-ZSpace”. Kodwa ngalo mba sele sithethile kwintshayelelo ukuba, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, kwakhona wachaza ukuba kutheni umbhali okhoyo ekhetha ukugxila kwiinzame zakhe ekuzameni ukubona ukuba kukho nantoni na anokuba negalelo kuyo nayiphi na into enxulumene neengxaki ezikhoyo zelizwe lakhe (oku ngu akho ndlela yimbi kuthetha ukuba unikezela nokuba kukuphi ngaphantsi kwendawo okanye imiba yaseMelika ngakumbi kuhlalutywe apha. Kuthetha nje ukuba yena kunye nabanxibelelana bakhe abambalwa bayigqibile into abanokuba negalelo kuyo kule miba ngaphandle kwentsebenziswano noogxa bakhe baseMelika iZspacers. , okanye ubuncinci impendulo evela kubo)
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela