Kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, abantu basekhaya ePakistan babukele bedakumbile njengoko uMongameli uBarack Obama, undwendwe oluphambili kwimibhiyozo yoNyaka yeRiphabhlikhi yaseIndiya, ethatha umboniso omkhulu wezixhobo zomkhosi waseIndiya, ukudada okuhonjisiweyo, kunye namabhendi ahambayo.
Emva koko, amaphephandaba amaninzi asePakistan namagqabaza kamabonwakude agxininisa koko kubizwa ngokuba โyinkqubela phambili yokuqondaโ eyoyisa umqobo okudala ukho othintela ukuthengwa kwe-Indiya kwezixhobo zenyukliya nezibaso eUnited States. Abanye bajikela kwisikhalazo sasePakistan malunga nokwalelwa isivumelwano senyukliya esifanayo. Zombini iiseti zamagqabantshintshi ziphose iingongoma ezibalulekileyo.
Ukukhuphisana kwabantwana bakowenu kuthetha ukuba, ewe, ukuba iPakistan ime kakubi. Kodwa umntu kufuneka avume ngokuzisola ukuba iingxaki ezininzi zangaphakathi zasePakistan zinciphise imeko yelizwe jikelele, kunye nengqalelo ehlawulwe kuyo ziinkokeli zehlabathi. Ngaphaya koko, uqoqosho lwamandulo lwasePakistan lwe-agro-textile alunakuxhamla kakhulu kwintsebenziswano ne-US kubuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kwaye abasebenzi bethu abanalo ukubonelela ngemfundo nezakhono. Kwaye, ngelixa iPakistan inokukhetha ukulibala ukuthengiswa kobuchwephesha benyukliya kunye nolwazi luka-AQ Khan kunye nabalingane bakhe, amazwe amaninzi akhumbula oko kuphela kakuhle.
Kodwa iIndiya ayikhange iphumelele. Nangona utyelelo luka-Obama luthumele iinkokeli zaseIndiya kuxhwilo, ukuyekwa kwemiqobo kwiinkampani zase-US ezisebenza ngesixhobo sokwenza izinto, ezijongana netekhnoloji ethwala iingozi ezingenakuthintelwa, kuneziphumo ezibi. I-Indiya ilwazi kakuhle ukoyikeka kolunye uhlobo lwetekhnoloji ebonelelwe ngamazwe angaphandle eye yahamba kakubi. Ngowe-1984 ukuvuza kwegesi yecyanide kwiziko le-Union Carbide eBhopal gas kwabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-5,200 kwaza kwashiya amawaka eneziphene ezisisigxina. Le yayiyintlekele yemichiza, kodwa eyenyukliya inokuba yingozi ngakumbi.
Ukuthintela iBhopal yenyukliya kudala kujonge uluntu lwaseIndiya. Bexhaswe yimifanekiso yengozi yenyukliya ngo-2011 eFukushima, eJapan, abantu basekuhlaleni baseTamil Nadu kumazantsi eIndiya baphehlelele uqhanqalazo olukhulu noluqhubekayo ngokuchasene nomzamo wokuqalisa ireactor enkulu ebonelelwe yiRussia eKoodankulam. Olu qhankqalazo luhlangatyezwane nobundlobongela bamapolisa kunye nokubanjwa kwenkitha yabantu ngezityholo zobuxoki.
Ingozi yaseFukushima ikwasebenzele ukukhuthaza uluntu lwaseIndiya kunye noqhanqalazo lwasekuhlaleni ngokuchasene nezicwangciso zokwakha isixhobo senyukliya esibonelelwe nguMelika eGujarat, ilizwe lasekhaya leNkulumbuso uModi, kunye nesixhobo sokwenza izinto esibonelelwe yiFrench eJaitapur, kufutshane neMumbai. Isicwangciso sokwakha ii-reactors ezininzi zaseRussia kwisiza saseHaripur eWest Bengal saye sachithwa emva kokuba urhulumente welizwe esikhabile. Igatya lembuyekezo elingaphelelanga lafakwa kwimimiselo karhulumente ukuze kuthweswe uxanduva lomonakalo kubenzi bezixhobo zenyukliya. Oku koyikisile ababoneleli be-reactor baseMelika. Kwaye ke, ngaphandle kwesivumelwano senyukliya sika-2008, akukho sivumelwano sitsha sereactor sangaphandle esiye saya phambili.
Kukule meko apho umntu kufuneka abone "impumelelo" yase-US-India yamva nje. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imali kawonke-wonke yase-Indiya ukukhusela amashishini ase-US kumatyala kwimeko yentlekele ebandakanya i-reactor ebonelelwe yaseMelika. Ityala lifakwe kwi-200 yezigidi zeedola - amaxesha angamashumi amane ngaphantsi komda obekwe e-US! Ngokulindelekileyo, ishishini lenyukliya lase-US elifayo, ixesha elide kwi-doldrum, likuqhwabele izandla ukuthamba okubhengeziweyo. Inethemba lokubuyisela ukungabikho kweentengiso zasekhaya. Kangangeminyaka engama-25 akukho sixhobo sokwenza umbane esitsha senyukliya sakhiwayo e-US Ngeli xesha, ukwenza umbane usebenzisa irhasi yendalo kubonakala kunexabiso eliphantsi kangangokuba ezinye esele zisebenzisa izixhobo zenyukliya e-US ziyavalwa.
Iingcali zefiziksi ezimbini zaseIndiya ezigqabaza ngemicimbi yenyukliya, uMV Ramana noSuvrat Raju, babhala oku: โOlona phawu ludidayo kwisivumelwano sangoku kukuba asinanzuzo ibambekayo eIndiya. I-United States inikezele ngokuthengisa uyilo lwe-reactor ezimbini - zombini zibiza kwaye azivavanywanga. I-Westinghouse AP1000, ekhethiweyo kuMithi Virdi (Gujarat) ayikho kwintsebenzo yorhwebo naphi na kwaye ihlangabezane nobunzima naphi na apho yakhiwa khona. KwiPlant Vogtle, kwilizwe laseMelika laseGeorgia, iWestinghouse kunye neqabane layo iGeorgia Power baye bamangalelana ngebhiliyoni yeedola ngokunyuka kweendleko kunye nokulibaziseka.
IPakistan kufuneka iqaphele olu phuhliso. Abavelisi be-reactor kuyo yonke indawo bafuna ukuthengisa iimveliso zabo kwaye benze imali kuqala, kwaye bakhathazeke ngeengozi okwesibini. AmaTshayina afuna inzuzo awahlukanga kubantu baseMelika abafuna inzuzo. Ukuthumela phesheya okokuqala, i-Chinese National Nuclear Corporation ngoku ixakeke ekwakhiweni kwee-reactors ezimbini eKarachi, ezixabisa i-4.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola inye, ngokujika. Imali mboleko yaseTshayina ye-6.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola yalungisa indlela. Ngokungamangalisiyo, iKhomishini yaMandla eAtomic yasePakistan, eya kuthi isebenzise ii-reactors, ayiboni neyona ngozi incinci.
Kodwa inyani mayixelwe: eKarachi, eyona ntlekele inkulu yehlabathi inokwenzeka. Iireactors eziza kwakhiwa eKarachi luyilo lwaseTshayina olungekakhiwa okanye luvavanywe naphi na, nditsho nase China. Baza kubekwa kwisixeko esizizigidi ezingama-20 esikwayeyona megalopolis ikhula ngokukhawuleza neyona inesiphithiphithi. Ukufuduka eKarachi kwimeko yentlekele efana neFukushima okanye eChernobyl ayinakucingelwa.
Ibali liya lisiba mbi ngakumbi. Ngelixa iIndiya ibeke iimeko ezibalulekileyo kubathengisi be-reactor, iPakistan ayibekanga nanye. Ayizange igxininise naluphi na uhlobo loxanduva olusemthethweni lwe-CNNC kwimeko yengozi. Kwaneemfuneko ezisisiseko zokhuseleko ziye zarhoxiswa. Xa wacelwa umngeni kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseSindh liqela labemi ababenexhala abathi emva koko baphumelele ukuhlala okwethutyana, urhulumente - nge-PAEC - wanyanzelwa ukuba avume ukuba wophule umthetho ngokungabambi ukuvalelwa koluntu kuvavanyo lwempembelelo yendalo eKarachi. iprojekthi yee-reactors. Inkundla iyalele ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo olutsha kwinyanga ezayo, kweli ityeli nentatho-nxaxheba yoluntu.
Umbane weNyukliya ngowenkulungwane yama-20, kungekhona eyama-21. Ngaphandle kokubiza kakhulu kwaye kunokuba yingozi, eyona nto iqala ukuba ii-reactors zaseKarachi ziqalise ukuvelisa umbane ngo-2020 okanye ngo-2021. Kwelinye icala, kukho enye imithombo yamandla enokuthi iziswe kwi-intanethi kakhulu ngaphambi koko, kwaye kakhulu ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ihlabathi eliphuhlileyo sele lisonwabela iRenewables Revolution, ebangelwa kukuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji ye-photovoltaic, ii-windmills ezisebenzayo, kunye neegridi ezihlakaniphile.
Abahlalutyi basePakistan abaphoswe ngokupheleleyo yinxalenye entle yesithembiso sika-Obama: unike uncedo lwaseMelika ukunceda ukuhlangabezana nenjongo ye-Indiya yokuba namandla elanga elanga angama-100,000 MW ngonyaka ka-2022. Oku kuphinda-phindwe ngama-45 amandla ombane wezixhobo ezimbini zenyukliya zeKarachi! Ukuba iIndiya inokwakha amandla elanga angaka kwiminyaka embalwa, kutheni iPakistan ingenako? Masicele uncedo ngandlela zonke eTshayina, eMelika, nakwamanye amazwe. Njengoko iJamani ibonisa ngokuqaqambileyo, izinto ezihlaziyiweyo ezifana nelanga nomoya - hayi inyukliya - zinokuhlangabezana ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo iimfuno zamandla esizwe.
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Umbhali ufundisa i-physics eLahore nase-Islamabad.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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