Le nyanga iphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-10 yesincoko sikaRebecca Solnit esithi, “Madoda Ndicacisele Izinto.” Ngo-2008, uSolnit wabhala, “Amadoda andicacisela izinto, kunye nabanye abafazi, nokuba bayayazi okanye abayazi into abayithethayo. … Wonke umntu obhinqileyo uyayazi into endithetha ngayo. Kukucingela okwenza kube nzima, ngamanye amaxesha, nakuwuphi na umfazi kuyo nayiphi na intsimi; into ethintela abafazi ukuba bangathethi, bangevi ukuviwa xa benobuganga; loo nto ityumza amabhinqa aselula ukuba athi cwaka ngokubonisa, indlela ukuxhatshazwa esitratweni esenza ngayo, ukuba eli asilohlabathi labo. Kusiqeqeshela ukuzithemba nokuzibekela imida kanye njengokuba kusebenzisa ukuzithemba okugqith’ emgceni kwamadoda okungaxhaswanga.” Isincoko sikwanikwe imbeko ngokusungula igama elithi "mansplaining," nangona uRebecca Solnit engazange aliqambe eli binzana. Ukufumana okungakumbi, ngoku sidityaniswe nguRebecca Solnit, umbhali, umbhali-mbali kunye netshantliziyo. Ungumbhali weencwadi ezingama-20.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Sichitha iyure yonke nomnye wababhali abadumileyo besizwe, uRebecca Solnit. Le nyanga iphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-10 yesincoko sakhe esichukumisayo esithi “Amadoda Andicacisela Izinto.” Ngo-2008, uSolnit wabhala, ecaphula, "Amadoda achaza izinto kum, kunye nabanye abafazi, nokuba bayayazi okanye abayazi into abayithethayo. … Wonke umntu obhinqileyo uyayazi into endithetha ngayo. Kukucingela okwenza kube nzima, ngamanye amaxesha, nakuwuphi na umfazi kuyo nayiphi na intsimi; into ethintela abafazi ukuba bangathethi, bangevi ukuviwa xa benobuganga; loo nto ityumza amabhinqa aselula ukuba athi cwaka ngokubonisa, indlela ukuxhatshazwa esitratweni esenza ngayo, ukuba eli asilohlabathi labo. Kusiqeqeshela ukuzithemba nokuzibekela imida kanye njengokuba kusebenzisa ukuzithemba okugqith’ emgceni kwamadoda okungaxhaswanga.” USolnit wabhala la mazwi kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, kudala ngaphambi kokuba #Nam kunye neentshukumo ze#TimesUp zitshayela kwilizwe lonke.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Isincoko sikwanikwe imbeko ngokusungula igama elithi “mansplaining,” nangona uRebecca Solnit engazange aliqambe elo binzana.
Ukufumana okungakumbi, ngoku sidityaniswe nguRebecca Solnit, umbhali, umbhali-mbali, umlweli, umbhali weencwadi ezingama-20, kubandakanya Ithemba ebumnyameni kwaye, ngoku kutshanje, Umama wemibuzo yonke. URebecca Solnit ngumhleli onegalelo kwi Harper kaThixo, apho ungumfazi wokuqala ukubhala rhoqo ikholomu ethi "Isitulo esilula".
Rebecca, wamkelekile kwakhona Intando yeninzi Ngoku! Kuhle ukuba nawe kunye nathi. Ke, isiphumo sesi sincoko usibhalileyo, oh, kwiminyaka eli-10 eyadlulayo, “Madoda Ndicacisele Izinto,” kunye nesiphumo ebesinaso, kwaye ngoku—ujoliso lwakho ekubhaleni, njengoko bekuhlala kunjalo, kwiintshukumo, njani. oku kondla ekuqondeni kwakho amandla eentshukumo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ndihlala ndicinga nge-feminism njenge-subset yentshukumo yamalungelo oluntu malunga nohlobo lokubandakanywa kunye nokulingana. Kwaye ke, ewe, esi sincoko sasimalunga nendlela abafazi abachatshazelwa ngayo ngokugqithisileyo ngokuphathwa njengabangathembekanga, njengabantu abanento yokuthetha, njengabantu amazwi abo ekungamelanga abalwe, nokuba bathi, kwenzeka ntoni, uyazi, eofisini,” okanye “Hayi, andifuni kulala nawe,” okanye “Uzama ukundibulala.” Kuyinto ehlekisayo, kuba ndiqale ukubhala nge-anecdote edumileyo yokuvula malunga nendoda endicacisela incwadi yam, ndibhala into ebendicinga ukuba iya kuba yikhaphukhaphu okanye iqhekeza elihlekisayo, kwaye yakhawuleza yaya kudlwengulo nokubulala. Ukuthembeka ngumba osisiseko wokusinda.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ewe, kutsha nje Harper kaThixo Qhekeza, ubhala kakhulu-into emangalisa kakhulu, usithi, "Yinkolelo endala ukuba ulwazi ngamandla. Okuchasayo—ukuba amandla ngokufuthi kukungazi—akufane kuxutyushwe.” Uqhubeka uthi, "Kukho udidi olukhulu lwezenzo ezifihliweyo kubantu abamileyo: okukhona usiba, kokukhona usazi kancinci." Ke, ngaba unokucacisa ukuba ubuthetha ukuthini ngaloo nto nendlela okusebenza ngayo oko kanye usandul’ ukukuthetha, ukungohlwaywa amadoda akwaziyo ukwenza ngako nendlela abafazi abaye bathuliswa ngayo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe, kwaye ndabhala loo kholamu ndicinga ngaye wonke umntu-izicaka, abantwana, abaphantsi, abasebenzi, abantu bebala-abaphathwa njengabantu abangabalulekanga, abangengawo amangqina, amazwi abo angabalwa, abadla ngokuba nabo. abantu benza izinto abacinga ukuba azikho kwirekhodi kuba abazukuva aba bantu. Kwaye, kakade, amava am ngaloo nto anjengomfazi, apho kufana nokuthi, “Owu, akukho mntu uyakumkholelwa ukuba ndiyenzile le nto. Ndingathetha nje ngaye ndithi akwenzekanga.” Uyazi, ke, kwakhona, ndizama ukucinga malunga nobubanzi obubanzi bendlela ukungalingani kwamandla-
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ewe, ungathetha ngaloo nto, amava akho ngokuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo, njengoko uyichaza kwi Harper kaThixo iqhekeza?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe, uyazi, ndiye ndafumana amawaka eziganeko kwisitrato xa ndandilibhinqa eliselula, kodwa ndabhala ngento eyenzeka kum xa ndandineminyaka eyi-18 kunye nomsebenzi wokutyela. Kwaye ndiyazi, njengabasebenzi basezifama, abasebenzi kwindawo yokutyela banezehlo eziphezulu zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Kwaye ndandingenguye ngaphandle.
Bekukho olu hlobo lompheki omdala woyikekayo, inxila ebomvu krwe enamehlo anegazi. Ebemane endibamba xa ndizama ukuhlamba izitya ecafé. Kwaye ngelo xesha, oku kwakungaphambi kokuba uAnita Hill atshintshe ibala lokudlala kancinci, ngaphambi kolunye utshintsho esinalo kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlulileyo. Andizange ndikholelwe-kwaye ndicinga ukuba ndichanekile-ukuba nabani na uya kukhathala, ukuba umphathi wam uza kukhathala, ukuba lo mfo uyandibamba.
Kwaye ke, eyona nto ndiyenzileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba, uyazi, enye ye-uyazi, iiveki okanye iinyanga kusenzeka oku, wathi akundibamba, ndandiphethe itreyi enkulu yeendondo kanye ephuma kwindawo yokuhlambela izitya, ndaza ndafumana isitya esikhulu seglasi. Ndikhale ndawalahla. Kwaye ingxolo endayenzayo yayingenamsebenzi. Ndandingenalo ilizwi ngelo xesha. Kodwa iindondo zazinelizwi. Isandi, uyazi, iiglasi ezingama-40 eziqhekezayo zezisa umniniyo ebaleka. Ndaze ndathi, “Undibambile.” Kwaye, uyazi, umnini wamxelela umpheki, hayi kakhulu kuba kufuneka ndibe nelungelo lokulawula umzimba wam, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukuphulukana netreyi egcwele iiglasi kwakubiza. Wayecaphukile ke umpheki, kuba wayesazi ukuba ndandimqhathile. Kodwa yaba—uyazi, yayiyindlela endandizama ngayo ukuba nelizwi xa ndandingenalizwi.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: URebecca, ethetha ngokungabi nalizwi, uyazi, ihlazo lamva nje le-White House libandakanya isityholo sokuba uMongameli uTrump wayebandakanyeka inkwenkwezi yefilimu yabantu abadala, uStormy Daniels. Umcimbi awukho kangako. Kukuba uzama ukumthulisa. Eso sisityholo, uyazi, ukuba kuya kufuneka ahlawule isigidi seedola ukuba uthetha ngale nto. Yintoni oyithathayo kule nto, yonke into ukusuka kuloo, ngokubanzi, #Nam kunye nentshukumo ye #TimesUp malunga nokuhlukunyezwa ngokwesondo kunye nodlwengulo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Kulungile, enye yezinto ekufuneka ithethiwe, kwaye mhlawumbi abantu abaninzi bayazi, kukuba izivumelwano zokungachazi ziyinxalenye eqhelekileyo yokuhlaliswa kwamashishini, kodwa kwakhona uhlobo lokuhlaliswa kobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo. Ngamanye amaxesha zinyanzeliswa kubafundi beekholeji yiyunivesithi. Bahlala benyanzeliswa kumatyala oluntu. Umzekelo, umfazi owamangalela uDominique Strauss-Kahn ngokudlwengula wafumana intlawulo. Unendawo yokutyela entle eBronx awayiqalayo, ndityele kuyo. Wayiqala ngesiphumo-
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Kwaye iyamangalisa, umsebenzi wasehotele, ocele umngeni-
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: -enye yawona madoda anamandla, owayesakuba yintloko ye-IMF- ngaba kunjalo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: — wayenokuba ngumongameli waseFransi.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Yayilityala elimangalisayo elo, awathi wakwazi ukuxoxwa ngalo. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, wahlaselwa. Uye wamangalela ngempumelelo ijelo leendaba elibanga ukuba ulihenyukazi. Kwaye, uyazi, abantu bazama ukumthulisa ngokumhlazisa, bembiza ngokuba ulihenyukazi, besithi, "Kutheni na ukuba simphulaphule?" Kodwa iqela labanye abafazi beza ngaphambili ngenxa yenkalipho yakhe kwaye bathetha nangobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo kunye noDominique Strauss-Kahn, kwaye wawuphelisa umsebenzi wakhe kwaye watshabalalisa isidima sakhe, esasifanele ukutshatyalaliswa.
Kodwa uye watyikitya isivumelwano sokungachazi. Into esayinwe nguStormy Daniels yeyona nto iqhelekileyo yenye yeendlela ezininzi zokuthulisa abantu basetyhini kunye nento endicinga ukuba ayifanele ukubakho. Ayiloyiso uloyiso ukuba inxalenye yento omele uzinze ngayo ithi cwaka. Iqhubela phambili ingxaki, kukuba xa ubusithi hayi, xa ubusithi ayifanele yenzeke le, uye wavalwa umlomo.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ewe, Rebecca, njengoko ubutshilo, amava akho kunye nanjengoko #Nam ibonisa-
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ndithetha ukuba, oku, amava e-Sexual Harassment, ukuthula nokudlwengulwa kuxhaphake kakhulu. Ucinga ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba le ntshukumo ihambe ngendlela eyenze ngayo, kunye nezityhilelo ezijikeleze uHarvey Weinstein?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Uyazi, ndicinga ukuba le ntshukumo yayisele ide ifike. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba kufana nentshukumo yompu esiyibonayo ngoku, ukuba kukho into eyodwa: ukudubula eParkland, eHarvey-iintatheli ezityhiliweyo ezityhilwe malunga namashumi eminyaka kaHarvey Weinstein ohlaselo oloyikekayo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwabasetyhini. Kodwa umhlaba wawusele ulungisiwe. Ngokushukunyiswa kwemipu, sasisebenzise zonke izizathu kunye nezizathu kunye nokuphepha, zonke iingcinga kunye nemithandazo. Ngentshukumo yabasetyhini nayo, ndicinga ukuba enye into yayikukuba abafazi bondlekile. Kwaye sibonile ukuba iminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, kuba le ntshukumo ibuyela umva ngaphaya #Nam. Iya kwikhampasi yodlwengulo ngo-2012 kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezenzekileyo kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo.
Kwaye ndicinga ukuba kwenzeka kwakhona ngenxa yokuba ezinye zezona zicothayo, ezikhathazayo, uyazi, umsebenzi wobufazi ongaqapheliyo-ukudala abafazi abaphethe oko iindaba, abafazi abagwebi, abafazi abangabavelisi. Abasetyhini abanezikhundla zolawulo bancedise ekutshintsheni ukuba ngubani omanyelwayo nokuba ngawaphi amabali abalulekileyo kwaye amalungelo kabani abalulekile. Ndicinga ukuba thina—uyazi, sasikhe saba namabali anjengala ngaphambili angavakaliyo, awazange akhokele ekubeni amanye amadoda amaninzi agxothwe, awazange akhokelele ekuqondeni ukuba le yingxaki yenkqubo.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ngoko, wothukile?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ndihlala ndimangaliswe kukuba eli lixesha, uyazi, kuba ngubani owayesazi ukuba ukudubula kweParkland kuya kwahluka kunalo lonke olunye udubulo lwesikolo kwaye siza kugxila kwabasindileyo kunye namazwi abo amahle kunabafileyo kunye nabangasekhoyo. umbulali? Uyazi, ndandinjalo, kwaye ndandingekho. Kwaye, uyazi, ezi zinto zenzeka njengeenyikima: ukwakha ixesha elide loxinzelelo, uhlobo lokubeka isiseko kunye nokugqabhuka ngequbuliso.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Yi le Intando yeninzi Ngoku! Ndingu-Amy Goodman, kunye noNermeen Shaikh, kunye neCandelo lesi-2 lencoko yethu noRebecca Solnit-Rebecca Solnit, umbhali-mbali, umbhali wezincoko, umbhali, umlweli-mkhosi, isincoko sakhe esidumileyo esithi “Madoda Ndicacisela Izinto” ebhiyozela iminyaka eli-10 inyanga. Enyanisweni, useNew York; ngokuhlwanje uya kube esenza umsitho omkhulu kwi-Cooper Union. Phakathi kweencwadi zakhe, Ithemba ebumnyameni kwaye, ngoku kutshanje, Umama wemibuzo yonke. Unegalelo lomhleli Harper kaThixo, apho ungumfazi wokuqala ukubhala rhoqo ikholomu ethi "Isitulo esilula".
Ndifuna ukukubuza ngaloo nto. Owasetyhini wokuqala ukubhala ikholamu ethi “Isitulo Esilula”?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Uyazi, kulihlazo ngokwenene ukuba nguJackie Robinson ngenkulungwane yama-21. Xa ndicinga Harper kaThixo, kufana nokuthi, “Kutheni bengamqeshi uWilla Cather ngowe-1911? Kutheni bengamqeshi uHannah Arendt ngo-1950?” Kodwa kuthathe ixesha, kodwa ndikhona, esitulweni esingasoloko silula.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Kwaye kuthekani ngale, incwadi yakho yamva nje, Umama wemibuzo yonke? Imalunga nantoni?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Yenye i-anthology yezincoko zabasetyhini, enesincoko esikhulu esitsha kuyo engazange ipapashwe ngaphambili ebizwa ngokuba "Imbali emfutshane yokuThula," ijonge ngokubanzi kulo mbuzo wokuba wonke umntu kule nkcubeko uyathuliswa ngandlela thile. kuhlobo cwaka reciprocal amadoda nabafazi, kunye nezicwangciso, ukusuka kuhlobo izinyanzeliso zenkcubeko nzulu ukuya, uyazi, izinto ezifana, njengoko besithetha ngayo, izivumelwano nondisclosure ukuba bathulise abafazi.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Kodwa yintoni le, ukuthula okubuyelanayo phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi? Athuliswa njani amadoda? Ngaba yiloo nto eyicebisayo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Kukho umgca omhle ngamagwegwe entsimbi, kuya kufuneka ndiphephe incwadi ukumba, malunga nendlela amadoda-ubundlobongela bokuqala bamadoda anobundlobongela buchasene nabo, uyazi, into endicinga ukuba ibaluleke ngokwenene, ngaphambi kokuba wenze. ubundlobongela obunxamnye nomnye umntu, kufuneka ubulale into ethile ngaphakathi kwakho, uvelwano oluthile, uxhulumaniso, endicinga ukuba lungokwemvelo kubantu abangonakaliswanga. Ngoko, kwaye ke, ngokubanzi, zonke izinto amadoda angenakuzithetha, akufanelekanga ukuba azive, akufanelekanga. Uyazi, amadoda aneekhowudi ezingqongqo zokunyanzeliswa malunga nento abanokuyenza kwaye bayithethe, uyazi, uninzi lwabo-bethetha njengomntu okhulele phakathi kwamadoda athandana namanye eSan Francisco-baqhawuke bakhululeka, kodwa uninzi lwabo. khange.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Ngaba ungasifundela? Ungumbhali omangalisayo. Ngaba ungasifundela ukusuka Umama wemibuzo yonke? Kwakhona, uRebecca Solnit, umbhali, umbhali-mbali, umlweli, incwadi yakhe yamva nje, Umama wemibuzo yonke, enezincoko ezitsha kuyo.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: "Ukuba ilungelo lokuthetha, ukuba ukuthembeka, ukuba ukuviwa luhlobo lobutyebi, obo butyebi ngoku busasazwa kwakhona. Kudala kukho i-elite ene-audibility kunye nokuthembeka, i-underclass yabantu abangenalizwi. Njengoko ubutyebi busasazwa kwakhona, ukungaqondi okumangalisayo kwe-elite kuqhuma ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ingqumbo kunye nokungakholelwa ukuba lo mfazi okanye umntwana wayenobuganga bokuthetha, ukuba abantu bayakholelwa kuye, ukuba ilizwi lakhe libalulekile, ukuba inyaniso yakhe. inokuphelisa ulawulo lomntu onamandla. La mazwi, aviwe, anyusa ubudlelwane bamandla. ”
Kwaye ndabhala ukuba ngaphambi kwesiganeko sikaHarvey Weinstein kwaye ndasebenzisa iDominique Strauss-Kahn, endiyifumene inyanzelekile xa yenzeka ngo-2011, uyazi, kunye nendlela eyadlala ngayo, kuzo zombini iindlela ezilungileyo nezimbi-iindlela awahlaselwa ngazo. , ngendlela, nangona kunjalo, njengo-Anita Hill, naye owahlaselwayo, uyazi, wasebenzisa amandla amakhulu, kwaye ngandlela-thile amandla okuguqula. Ngoko...
“Ngubani oviwayo kwaye ngubani ongasichaziyo isimo esikhoyo. Abo bayimiliselayo, ngokufuthi ngeendleko zokuzola okungaqhelekanga kunye nabo, bafudukela embindini; abo baqulathe into engavakaliyo okanye into enyhasha abo baphakama bethule bayakhutshelwa ngaphandle. Ngokuchaza kwakhona ukuba amazwi kabani axatyisiweyo, sichaza ngokutsha uluntu lwethu nemilinganiselo yalo.”
Kwaye, uyazi, le yinto ebanzi, nokuba uthetha ngoManyano lwe-Immokalee Workers, olunike ilizwi kubasebenzi basezifama abangabhalwanga phantsi, malunga naba bantwana, isigidi esinamandla, bema ngeenyawo kwaye bevakalisa amazwi abantwana, amazwi. ngokuchasene nodushe lwemipu okanye esi sigaba sitsha sentshukumo yabasetyhini okanye amanye amazwi amaninzi esiwavileyo. Kukho ulwabiwo olungaqhelekanga lwamandla oluqhubekayo ngalo mzuzu. Kwaye ndiyifumana imnandi kwaye inethemba, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ke, kwi Qhekeza sixoxe ku Icandelo 1 yodliwano-ndlebe, yakho Harper kaThixo , enye yezinto ozithethayo kukuba “xa abanamandla benyanzelisa ukuba kungabikho mntu waziyo, into abayithethayo kukuba izenzo zabo zibonwa ngabantu. Akukho mntu uyazi.” Ke, ungathetha ngaloo nto, ukubaluleka kwaloo nto? Kwaye kwakhona, ngakumbi kumxholo wento-isiganeko osandul' ukusikhankanya, uDominique Strauss-Kahn, IMF Umlawuli ngelo xesha, ngo-2011, xa wabetha lo mkhonzazana kwihotele ekwisiXeko saseNew York, thetha ngokwahlukana kwamandla apho kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka ukuba wamjonga njengomntu.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe, kukho okumangalisayo incoko nguDavid Graeber kwi Guardian, eyaphuma, uyazi, emva koku #Nam mzuzu, malunga nohlobo lukanina lokwenzakala ngokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwindawo yeqonga yaseNew York, uyazi, phakathi kwenkulungwane yama-20, apho athetha ngokubona elinye ibali, uyazi, ukuba yindoda engeyiyo loo nto, yithi, “uvukile”—ukubona elinye ibali malunga nomsebenzi wasehotele owabethwa yindoda enamandla kwangaloo veki inye, ecinga, “Ngaba le yinto engaqhelekanga?” kwaye emva koko uqonde, ngathi, "Oku kufuneka kwenzeke ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye asiva ngayo."
Kwaye uyabona, nokuba nguDonald Trump othi abafazi be-19 abammangalela ngokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunye nokuxhatshazwa bonke bangamaxoki; indlela abantu abagxininisa ngayo ukuba abafazi abaza kuthetha ngeBill Cosby bonke babesenza izinto, ukuze sixelelwe ukuba igama likaCosby lalinamandla ngaphezu kwabasetyhini abahlanu, abafazi abali-10, abafazi abangama-20, ekugqibeleni i-60 yabasetyhini; kunye noDominique Strauss-Kahn, Weinstein. Kwaye kukho ingqikelelo yokuba ndingamdelela lo mfazi, akukho mntu uya kumamela, ndingabahlazisa bathule, ndingabamangalela bathule ngezisongelo zomthetho.
Ityala leStormy Daniels liyamangalisa kakhulu. Ndimncoma kakhulu ngokungoyiki kwakhe kunye nobulumko bakhe. Yaye ilandela eyona ndoda inamandla ehlabathini, yaye isenokumthoba. Ndiyaqonda ukuba amanye amabhinqa avela namabali afanayo, ukongeza kwabo bafazi bali-19 bendibakhankanye ngaphambili. Kwaye uthi, "Hayi, andinaso isizathu sokuyigcina le mfihlo, kwaye andiyi kuthula." Kwaye uyayibona loo ngcinga-yokuba uTrump wenze oku ngengcinga yokuthula, kwaye xa oko kwaphukile, abanamandla bayoyika.
Kwaye oko kwenzeka-uyazi, ndibhala kakhulu malunga nobufazi, kodwa ndihlala ndiyibona njengento efana nezinye iimeko zokungalingani, amazwi angalinganiyo. Kwaye, uyazi, uva ngabantu abagqalwa njengabakumgangatho ophantsi, abantu abangabakhonzi, abantu—uyazi, abantwana, abantu—obaziyo, amapolisa nxamnye nabantu ababambileyo. Kwaye siyivile le nto kaninzi nge-Black Lives Matter, amapolisa esithi, "Yile nto yenzekileyo," kwaye ngokuyinxenye sibulela kwividiyo yeselfowuni esiye sakwazi ukukholisa abantu abaninzi ababengazimiselanga. ukukholelwa abanye ukuba eneneni amapolisa axoka kakhulu, kwaye lo mntu udutyulwe emqolo, ukuba lo mntu wayengenasikhali, lo mntu wayengekho yingozi. Uyazi, kwaye ndicinga ukuba kukho uhlobo lwedemokhrasi yamazwi okudala ulawulo lwenyaniso, kunye nokungalingani okudala uhlobo lolawulo lobuxoki, kwaye abanye-njengokutshintsha kwamandla okuhlukana, uqoqosho lwenyaniso kunye nokutshintsha kwezwi, ngeendlela ezinomdla kakhulu.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Thetha ngendlela ezi ntshukumo zondlana ngayo. Unentshukumo yamalungelo abafuduki, uMongameli uTrump, uyazi, uthetha ngendlela abathanda ngayo abantu abancinci abakhuselweyo. DACA, aze ke arhoxise ukhuseleko lwe DACA ukusuka kubo. Wena, kunjalo, unayo #Nam intshukumo, ngokuqinisekileyo iteyiphu yevidiyo kaTrump esithi, “Andikwazi kuzibamba. Ndibamba nje amabhinqa”—kunjalo?— “ndibambe amalungu abo esini.”
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Unabo, ngoku, abafundi abavela eParkland. Sisandul’ ukuva ngelinye ibhinqa eliselula elabulawayo, umfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo eAlabama, ngoko abantu bathi abantu mabathule kangangemizuzu eyi-18 endaweni ye-17. Singalibali ukuba abantwana abantsundu babulawa ngokuphindwe kayi-10 kunabantwana abamhlophe ngemipu. , abantu abasebenzisa imipu. Kodwa intshukumo enye emva kwenye, uhlobo lokuqina olwakhayo ngexesha likaTrump.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Uyazi, ndicinga ukuba zonke ezi ziintshukumo zedemokhrasi, ukuzisa wonke umntu etafileni, ukunika wonke umntu ilizwi, ukuphatha wonke umntu ngentlonipho. Oko kuya kuManyano lwaBasebenzi be-Immokalee, endiye ndayithanda kakhulu iminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu, kwaye, uyazi, kwi-Black Lives Matter, ngokuphinda kuvele kwakhona okumangalisayo kwamazwi omNtu ajikeleze iLiwa eliSime kunye nezinye iintshukumo zemibhobho.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Into enomdla kweli nqaku, bendiyiforamu eBrooklyn apho umbhali-mbali waseMelika wayesithi, "Masingalibali ukuba intshukumo ye #NoDAPL, eyafumana amandla ayo phantsi kuka-Obama, owayefike emva kwexesha kakhulu kulo mdlalo." Intshukumo yeBlack Lives Matter nayo yakhiwa ngexesha leminyaka yeDemokhrasi, iminyaka apho iQela leDemokhrasi lalikunyuko, uyazi, xa uMongameli Obama-
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: -umongameli wokuqala wase-Afrika-waseMelika, wayengumongameli.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Uyazi, abongameli abalungisi yonke into, uyazi, ukuba iintshukumo zenza. Kwaye inika umdla ngoku, kuba sinolawulo olulolona hlobo lukhohlakeleyo sakha saba nabo. Kodwa andiziva ngathi bayaphumelela. Ndiyazibona ezi ntshukumo zingaqhelekanga, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezifuziselayo, njengokutshintshwa komfanekiso oqingqiweyo we-Confederate kunye nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaHarriet Tubman kwiveki ephelileyo okanye kule veki, kwaye, uyazi, uRichard Spencer ukhe wagxothwa kwiikhampasi zasekholejini, uhlobo lokuncama. iqhinga lakhe. Uyazi, ndibona izinto ezininzi apho ngoku babambe amandla asemthethweni, kodwa akukho mandla asemthethweni abalulekileyo, amandla enkcubeko ezayo.
Kwaye izinto ezimbini eziye zandenza ndaba nethemba ngolu hlobo—kaloku, ndinethemba okwexeshana, kukuba ama-50 ekhulwini abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 kweli lizwe abamhlophe. Iqela leRiphabhlikhi libamba amandla liyasilela, kuba lingamandla ezikhalazo ezimhlophe ezixhomekeke ekucinezeleni abavoti. Imibutho yamalungelo okuvota iyayisusa loo ngcinezelo. Kwaye ke, kwakhona, uphononongo olutsha lwaphuma oluthi amaProtestanti amhlophe angama-43 ekhulwini kuphela kweli lizwe. Ubomi bam bonke, ndiye ndaxelelwa ukuba, ke, amaProtestanti amhlophe yeyona nkcubeko ibalaseleyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni baya kuyenza ngendlela yabo, kwaye thina sonke sisemphethweni kwaye kuya kufuneka sirhoxe. bona. Kodwa oko akuseyiyo inyaniso. Bangama-43 ekhulwini kuphela abemi. Kwaye singena kwinkcubeko eya-esele ihluke ngakumbi, apho abantu abamhlophe bangayi kuba sisininzi ixesha elide.
NdiseCalifornia, ilizwe eliligcuntswana labamhlophe. Kwaye, uyazi, ndiyawabona la mandla enkcubeko akhulayo. Ndibona indlela abantwana abaphuma eParkland, abaye bafikelela kuhlobo lolutsha lwasezidolophini olujongene nolunye uhlobo lobundlobongela bemipu, uyazi, sele bexambulisana, sele befumene ukuba unako-xa uthetha ngobundlobongela, kufuneka Thetha malunga nobuhlanga kunye nesini kunye neklasi, ngokunjalo. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba kukho le democratization, le horizontalism, oku kubandakanywa, kunye nokwaliwa ubundlobongela, nto leyo ngokwayo luhlobo lwegunya lokuba ndinelungelo lokumisela ukuba uphila okanye uyafa, ndinelungelo lokunyanzelisa kuwe. ngale ndlela yokugqibela. Ke ndicinga ukuba kukho utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lwamaxabiso kunye namazwi esiwabonayo ngoku, anokoyisa.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ndifuna ukubuyela ngokuthe ngqo kwinto oyithethileyo malunga ne #Nam intshukumo. Kwi Qhekeza kwi-Oprah.com, ubhale, ucaphula, “Enye yeengozi ezinkulu kukuba ekuchaseni utshaba lwakho, okanye ukuloyisa, uba nguye. Kungenxa yoko le nto, nangona ukohlwaywa kwabaxhaphazi ngokwesini kunokuba yimfuneko kwaye kufanelekile, ukohlwaya nokuziphindezela akuyi kusiyisa apho kufuneka siye khona.” Ngaba ungacacisa ukuba kutheni ucinga loo nto kwaye ucinga ukuba kufuneka isise apho kufuneka siye khona?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe, kwaye uninzi lwabachasi-feminist bathanda ukucinga ukuba abasetyhini bangabantu nje-abathiyileyo abohlwayo abangenangqiqo yomlinganiselo, njengoko ezinye iingxabano zamva nje ziye zanazo. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba, eneneni, iingxoxo zethu zahluke kakhulu, ukuba eneneni iingxaki esijongene nazo ziingxaki zenkcubeko. Bendele nzulu kwinkcubeko. Akufani nokuba unokugxotha la madoda angama-36 okanye la madoda angama-365 okanye la madoda angama-179,000, kwaye siza kusombulula ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Ezi zinto zakhelwe kwinkcubeko esixabisa ngokwahlukileyo, esinika amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufikelela kunye namandla.
Kwaye kuphela-uyazi, kwaye kum, inguqu eya kubaluleka kukutshitshisa umnqweno wokwenza ezi zinto kunye nokuhlenga umnqweno wokusebenzisa imipu njengemiqondiso yobudoda, umnqweno woku-uyazi, ukudlwengula abantu, umnqweno baphathe abantu ngenkohlakalo. Kwaye, uyazi, ndiyabona ukuba inguqu emsebenzini kwindlela abantu abakhulisa ngayo abantwana babo, amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana, ngeendlela esicinga ngazo ngesini kunye nokuhlenga ezinye iibhinari, kunye nohlobo lokugunyazisa ubundlobongela obenziwe. kuqhubeka ngokuthe chu kwisiqingatha senkulungwane yokugqibela. Kwaye ke, yiprojekthi enkulu, enzulu yenkcubeko eqhubekayo kwaye enokuthi, kwiinkulungwane ezizayo, ibukeke njengenguqu enkulu, kunye nenguquko ngendlela eyenzeka ngayo kweli xesha, engalulo utshintsho lolawulo, kodwa inguquko. yezinto ezinkulu ngakumbi, ezinzulu kwaye ezinamandla ngakumbi.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ewe, ithini impendulo yakho kubantu abaye bagxeka #Nam intshukumo, ngoobani abebesithi ngenene—ihambe kakhulu, ibeka yonke iyantlukwano phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zobundlobongela obujoliswe kwabasetyhini, kwaye ngeli xesha isenokude iyenze into embi ngokubandakanya kakhulu?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Uyazi, andizukuthi ndi-ke, ndicinga ukuba ezinye zezityholo zinobuzaza ngakumbi kunezinye. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba—into ehambe kakhulu kukungahloneli bafazi, kuba umfazi udlwengulwa ngomzuzu okanye emibini kweli lizwe, umfazi uyabethwa malunga nemizuzwana eli-11 kweli lizwe, ngaphezu kowasetyhini ngosuku abulawa ngohlobo— amaqabane okanye amaqabane angaphambili, kwaye, uyazi, ezinye iindlela zokuxhatshazwa zingubhubhani. Uyazi, kukuba le ntshukumo iya kuba ihambe ngokwaneleyo xa ezi zinto zingaseyiyo into echaphazela ubomi babasetyhini yonke imihla kwaye, uyazi, inciphisa inkululeko kunye namandla kunye nokuzithemba kunye nokulingana. Ngoko ayihambanga phantse ngokwaneleyo. Oko akuthethi ukuba akukho ziphoso kunye nobuvila kunye nokubhideka njalo njalo, kwaye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo ugqibelele kwaye ucacile kwaye uphelele kuphawu.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Unxibelelwano-
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Kodwa-
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Unxibelelwano phakathi kokudutyulwa kwabantu abaninzi kunye nobundlobongela obujoliswe kwabasetyhini? Amaxesha amaninzi kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba amadoda amhlophe ahlala yedwa abandakanyekayo kolu kudubulana kwabantu abaninzi baye baxhaphaza, babulala, babetha intombi, umama, iqabane. Nkqu nomdubuli esazi kakhulu ngaye, ngokumangalisayo, eLas Vegas, ukuba, uyazi, wadubula ehotele yaseMandalay Bay ezantsi kweli lizwe lekonsathi yomculo, abasebenzi beStarbucks besithi wayedla ngokungena; babemoyika xa engena yonke imihla neqabane lakhe baze bamngcungcuthekise njengoko babeza kufumana ikofu. Ukusuka apho ukuya, uyazi, u-Adam Lanza eSandy Hook, owokuqala awambulalayo yayingumama wakhe, emva koko waya esikolweni.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Kwaye umfo owabulala abantu abangama-50 kwindawo yokuzonwabisa yasebusuku eFlorida, eOrlando, waye—
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Omar Mateen ePulse.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Ewe, kwakukho nembali yogonyamelo lwasekhaya. Kwaye le ndoda yabulala abasetyhini-abantu kwi-Planned Parenthood eColorado kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Uyazi, ndicinga ukuba-
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Kwaye ngoku okokugqibela, aba bantu bathathu, amadoda amhlophe, ebesandula ukubanjelwa uhlaselo kwi-mosque yaseMinnesota, olwenzeka kwixesha elidlulileyo, kunye nokuzama ukuhlasela kwikliniki yezempilo yabasetyhini e-Illinois, omnye wabo, isekela likasherifu. , wayefake izicwangciso zokuzama ukufumana isivumelwano sokwakha udonga lukaTrump kumda osemazantsi.
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Oh Thixo wam. Ewe, kukho unxibelelwano oluninzi-kwaye siye sagubungela ezinye zazo-ukuba kukho ikhonkco eliqinileyo phakathi kobundlobongela basekhaya kunye nabadubuli abaninzi, nangona ukudubula okukhulu kunqabile, kwaye ubundlobongela basekhaya buxhaphake ngendlela eyothusayo. Kodwa ndiyacinga ukuba kukho-kukho, kubundlobongela, ubuzwilakhe. Sithetha ngezinye izinto, malunga nengqondo kunye nokunye. Kodwa ukucinga ukuba ndinelungelo lokukulawula, ndinelungelo lokukohlwaya, into endiyifunayo ibalulekile, into oyifunayo ayifuni. Kwaye ubundlobongela luhlobo lwelizwi lokungqina into emele ibekho kunye nokucima amazwi abanye abantu, mhlawumbi ngokungavumi ukuba bathi hayi, uyazi, ukuzikhethela, okanye ngokutshabalalisa ilizwi labo ngokupheleleyo ngokubadubula.
Kwaye kwi-Bay Area, sasisandula ukudutyulwa kakubi kwabasetyhini abathathu kwiziko lamagqala, kubandakanya uJennifer Gonzales, owayeneenyanga ezintandathu ekhulelwe, ligqala elinomsindo elibathimbileyo. Kwaye, uyazi, ndiye kwi-intanethi ukuze ndithi oku akufanelanga ukuba yenzeke, lo ngubhubhani. Ndaye ndaphanda ngamagama ambalwa ndafumana intaphane yamabali ekungaxelwanga ngawo, uyazi, ukubulalana kwabatshatileyo, ukuzibulala, abafazi ababulawayo, umzimba womnye wabo watshiswa, njl njl. ubhubhani, kwaye uyoyikeka.
Inyaniso yokuba ekugqibeleni sithetha ngayo, ebesingekho iminyaka emihlanu okanye emithandathu edlulileyo-besingafanelanga ukuba sitsho ukuba kukho ingxaki kumadoda, ukuba oku malunga nesini. Besinganxulumanisi amachaphaza. Kwaye into yokuba si-kwaye ndihlala kunye noogqirha kakhulu. Ndihlala ndiziva ngathi ukuxilongwa kukuqala konyango, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuyanyangeka. Kwaye ndiziva ngathi enye yempumelelo ekugqibeleni siye savunyelwa esidlangalaleni, ngokudibeneyo, ukuxilonga ngokuvakalayo ukuba yintoni ingxaki. Kwaye leyo yinxalenye yokuqhubela phambili ukutshintsha imeko. Kwaye oko kuyonwabisa.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Uyintoni umama-yintoni umama wayo yonke imibuzo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Owu, thixo, yiloo nto-uyazi, yimibuzo ebuzwa ngabasetyhini-Kutheni ungatshatanga? Kutheni ungenabo nje abantwana?—Loo nto ithetha ukuba bonke abantu basetyhini bafanele ukuba yiyo. Yimibuzo yokohlwaya ezama ukukohlwaya, ukohlwaya ngenxa yokungabikho-ngokungangqinelaniyo, kukuhlazisa ngokungangqinelaniyo, kwaye, uyazi, buza ukuphikisa kwakho, kwaye-uyazi, kwaye malunga nento yokuba rhoqo kumfazi kukho. akukho mpendulo ichanekileyo. Kukho lo mboniso udumileyo Iklabhu yasekuseni apho bafuna ukwazi ukuba alintombi na, aze agqabhuke athi ukuba uthe ewe, baya kumhlazisa; ukuba uthe hayi, baya kumphoxa. Umama wemibuzo yonke yimeko yokuba ngumfazi, apho kungekho mpendulo ichanekileyo ngaphandle kokwala ukuqulunqwa kwaloo mibuzo.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Kwaye iincwadi ezingama-80 akukho mfazi kufuneka azifunde?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Owu, ibiyinto eyonwabisa ngokwenene leyo endiyenzele iwebhusayithi emangalisayo iLitHub. Hlola babenesiqwenga sobubi, abathe baxolisa ngaso kwaye basilungisa, esibizwa ngokuba “ziiNcwadi ezingama-80 wonke umntu ofanele ukuFunda,” ezingama-79 kuzo yayingamadoda. Kwaye babengekho malunga nento ekufuneka yenziwe uncwadi, ndiyacinga, oko kukusenza sibe novelwano ngakumbi, ukusenza siqonde amava abantu abangafaniyo nathi, bezinye iintlanga kunye nesini, njl. Yayiziincwadi ezikhethiweyo ngokwenene. kwaye oko wakuyalela ukuba ube yindoda, kwaye iinkcazo zaziluhlobo lwendoda ehlazisayo, ngokungathi iincwadi, ngokubanzi, zikunceda uhlobo lwe-hunker phantsi kwigumbi lakho elincinci le-machismo.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Ungasinika imizekelo embalwa?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Oh Thixo wam. Bathetha ngayo Iidiliya zomsindo kwaye wathi yonke into malunga ne-titty. Kwaye-bendingafanelanga ukuyithetha loo nto? Uyazi, kwaye bathetha into engathandekiyo malunga noFlannery O'Connor, owayengumfazi kuphela kuluhlu lwababhali be-80, kunye nezinto ezinjalo. Ndiye ndaqhula ngeencwadi ezingama-80 ekungafuneki zifundwe ngabantu basetyhini, kuba zininzi iincwadi endikhule ngazo, ndicinga ukuba ezisafundiswayo, ezixelela abantu basetyhini ukuba bangaphantsi, amabali abo akakho phakathi, zizinto zokudlala okanye zokuhombisa okanye iimpelesi kuhambo lweqhawe, elibali lokwenyani.
I-NEMEEN I-SHAIKH: Kwaye yeyiphi imizekelo embalwa yezo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Owu, lolita, apho isibakala sokuba yincwadi ethetha ngokudlwengulwa kwabantwana isoloko igxininiswa, nto leyo eyandibangela ukuba ndibhale “Amadoda Acacisa lolita kuM” njengolandelelwano, xa ndafumana i-blowback eninzi ngaloo nto. Intle kakhulu yonke into ka-Ernest Hemingway, uHenry Miller kwaye, uyazi, into ebizwa ngokuba ngabantu abangahloneli Thixo benkulungwane yekhulu, iincwadi ngabantu abafana noPhilip Roth noSaul Bellow nokunye okuninzi. Kwaye, uyazi, kukho-
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Kwaye ababhali bakho abathandayo?
UREBECCA I-OLNIT: Oh, ngoobani ababhali endibathandayo? Owu, thixo, oko, uyazi, uVirginia Woolf, uGeorge Orwell, uArundhati Roy, uJames Baldwin, u-Subcomandante uMarcos, endihlala ndicinga ukuba kufuneka ndifumane iNobel yoNcwadi, kunye nokunye okuninzi.
NGABA INDAODA ELUNGILE: Ewe, kwelo nqaku, ndifuna ukubulela kakhulu ngokuba kunye nathi. URebecca Solnit, umbhali, umbhali-mbali, umlweli. Isincoko sakhe esidumileyo esithi “Madoda Ndicacisele Izinto” ubhiyozela iminyaka eli-10 kule nyanga. Ungumbhali we, oh, iincwadi ezingama-20, kuquka Ithemba ebumnyameni kwaye, ngoku kutshanje, Umama wemibuzo yonke.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela