Njengoko amaza e-tsunami yezemali yase-US eqala ukubaleka elunxwemeni lwaseKhanada, abavoti baqala ukuzibuza ukuba ngoobani abagqatswa abaza kuvelana nexesha elinzima lokufika: iibhanki okanye abasebenzi abaqhelekileyo? UStephen Harper ungathanda ukuba ukholelwe ukuba, njengoBill Clinton, uyayiva intlungu yakho. Ngelixa ukuvelana nabantu abasebenzayo ngokuqhelekileyo kulele ngaphandle koqeqesho olusesikweni lwezoqoqosho lwamaphiko afana noHarper, iNkulumbuso yaqinisekisa isihlwele eLondon, e-Ont. ukuba unovelwano ngabantu abaphelelwe yimisebenzi:
Siyazi ukuba abanye abasebenzi baseKhanada bayatshintshana phakathi kwemisebenzi, loo nto ayinakuze ibelula kwaye andifuni ukuyicutha, kodwa akufuneki siphulukane nombono wokuba ziqine kangakanani iziseko zethu kwaye okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba sinethamsanqa lokuhlala kweli lizwe.
Ngelixa abo banethamsanqa lokufumana isitokhwe kwiibhanki kunye neenkampani zeoyile ngokuqinisekileyo bazonwabele iziqhamo "eziqinileyo" ezisisiseko sezoqoqosho, abantu baseCanada abaqhelekileyo abanakho ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokutsho kophononongo lwakutsha nje lweZiko laseCanada leeNdlela ezizezinye zoMgaqo-nkqubo. Bekungasoloko kunjalo. "Phakathi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini kunye ne-1980, i-pie yezoqoqosho yayikhula kuzo zonke iindawo ekusasazeni, nokuba izabelo zengeniso eCanada azizange zitshintshe kakhulu" uphawula uLars Osberg, umbhali we "Ikota Yenkulungwane Yokungalingani Kwezoqoqosho eKhanada: 1981 -2006".
Ngokudinwa kwe-boom yasemva kwemfazwe, nangona kunjalo, imfazwe yeklasi yazalwa ngokutsha phantsi kwemoniker ye-neoliberalism. Ukuma kokuqina kwabaqeshi kunye nohlaselo oluvulelekileyo kwinkululeko yemanyano yabasebenzi - olulandelwa ngurhulumente weTory kunye noLiberal ngokufanayo - luya kuzisa "isiqhelo esitsha" sokuncipha kolindelo kunye "nemivuzo emileyo okanye ehlayo yokwenyani, ngaphandle kophuculo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kwimfundo nakwizakhono," kuba. Abasebenzi baseKhanada. "Uloyiko lokuwa" kubasebenzi lwaphinda lwandiswa, kunye nabahluphekileyo bejongene "nenyani embi kakhulu ngoku kuneminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, kuba ukuncitshiswa koncedo loluntu kuye kwawandisa kakhulu umsantsa wentlupheko - nkqu nawona maphondo atyebileyo eCanada."
(Ibango likaStephane Dion lokumela ubulungisa kwezentlalo kunye nelifa lezoqoqosho kwiminyaka ye-Chretien/Martin alinangxaki kuphela kwabo banesimo esimandundu se-amnesia yembali. Yayikukucutha okunzulu kwenkcitho kwezentlalo okwenziwe ngabaLiberals ngaloo minyaka โ emva koko ukubetha iTories ngo-1993 ngesithembiso โseMisebenzi, imisebenzi, imisebenziโ โ oko kwanceda ekusekeni le "norm entsha".)
Ngelixa uHarper wayecula iindumiso zeziseko zezoqoqosho zaseCanada, abantu baseCanada abaqhelekileyo babecacile ukuba lo mbandela awukho nje "wokutshintsha" ukusuka komnye umsebenzi ukuya komnye. "Yonke imisebenzi ehlawulwa kakuhle ijika ibe yimisebenzi ehlawulwa kancinci ngaphandle kwezibonelelo," uRoy Jollymore, osele esidla umhlala phantsi kwaGeneral Motors, uxelele iCanada Press. โUbomi esibukhileyo abuyi kufumaneka kubantu abancinci,โ watsho njengoko inkosikazi yakhe uJoan yayimi ngakuye ngaphandle kweZiko leNkomfa laseLondon.
Kubasebenzi baseKhanada ababandezeleka ngenxa yohlengahlengiso lwezoqoqosho, umyalezo kaHarper onzima kufuneka uvakale kakhulu njengengcebiso kaMarie-Antoinette kwi-sans-culottes ye-Revolution yesiFrentshi. Ukuvakalisa "Mabadle iziseko zezoqoqosho!" yintuthuzelo ebandayo kwabo basebenza nzima nabatshona nzulu ematyaleni ukuze nje bahlale endaweni, njengoko benjalo abantu abaninzi baseKhanada.
Ukanti koosoqoqosho abanjengoHarper abasebenzisa amanani ezoqoqosho afana nokukhula kwe-GDP, okanye kwabo benza ingeniso ngabo, uqoqosho lwekota edlulileyo lusebenze ngokumangalisayo. Ingeniso yabona bazizityebi yi-1% yabantu baseKhanada ikhula ngamandla, ngakumbi ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1990s - kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu eziya kwezona zityebi ziyi-0.1% kunye ne-0.01%. "Bayahamba ngokwenyani kwabanye abantu baseCanada," ngokutsho kweCCPA.
UHarper wayengacengi abantu baseCanada ukuba bazive benethamsanqa malunga nexesha labo elidlulileyo, nangona kunjalo. Njengoko wayeqhubeka nentetho yakhe, uHarper wachaza ukuba yintoni abasebenzi "abangafanele bayilibale" kukuba banethamsanqa lokuba bangabi ngamaHaiti:
Wandula ke wathetha ngendlela awaya ngayo kumatyotyombe ahlwempuzekileyo eHaiti nendlela abantu balapho babonakala bengenathemba, ngokwahluke ngokupheleleyo eKhanada, awayichaza โnjengelizwe ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into, ithemba elingenamda.
I-demagogy iyamangalisa. Ngapha koko, yayiyiKhanada, kwikonsathi kunye ne-U.S. kunye neFransi, eyabeka abantu baseHaiti kwimeko enjalo yokungabi nathemba. ICanada incede isicwangciso kunye nokubhukuqa urhulumente kaJean-Bertrand Aristide wohlaziyo onyulwe ngokwedemokhrasi, apho amahlwempu aseHaiti atyale ithemba elikhulu kuye. Emva kobhukuqo-mbuso, uNaomi Klein ubhala athi, kwabakho "isohlwayo esifana neseFalluja esisibekelwe kwiindawo ezihlala abantu ezaziwa ngokuxhasa i-Aristide," ekhutshwe ngurhulumente wethutyana oxhaswa yiCanada kunye ne-UN "yokugcina uxolo".
Ucinezelo lunyanzelise "uxolo lwamangcwaba" kwezi ndawo ziphumlileyo, ukuze uHarper kunye nabanye abahloniphekileyo bangaphandle batyelele njengamagorha aboyisileyo. Ebudeni botyelelo lwakhe lukaJulayi 20, 2007, eCitรฉ Soleil, enye yezona ndawo zichaphazeleke kakhulu kwikomkhulu laseHaiti, uHarper wathi ubukho beKhanada eHaiti โbunika [abantu baseHaiti] ithemba nethuba elithile,โ yaye โabantu baseKhanada bafanele babe neqhayiya. ukuba banikela ngoncedo, ukuba uncedo lwethu lenza umahluko ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko lobomi babantu. " Ubuso obuzolileyo bujonge oomama abakhoyo kwifoto kaHarper engathandekiyo, nangona kunjalo, wabalisa elinye ibali.
Ubundlobongela obunoburhalarhume bomsebenzi babuyimfuneko ukunyanzeliswa kwesicwangciso soqoqosho seniyoliberal esingathandwayo eHaiti. Inkcaso yayinkulu kangangokuba abantu baseHaiti baqala ukubhekisela kwi-IMF kunye ne-World Bank strictures njenge "plan lanmo", ngokoqobo "isicwangciso sokufa". Namhlanje "isicwangciso sokufa" siyaqhubeka nohambo lwaso phantsi kwegama leSikhokelo seThutyana seNtsebenziswano. Ibhalwe kakhulu ziingcali ezivela kwiBhanki yehlabathi kunye noorhulumente baseCanada naseMelika, isicatshulwa se-ICF sicacile malunga nokuchasana kwedemokhrasi yesivumelwano:
Ixesha lenguqu kunye noRhulumente weThutyana libonelela ngefestile yamathuba ukuphumeza iinguqu kulawulo lwezoqoqosho ngokubandakanyeka kwabachaphazelekayo kuluntu okunokuba nzima kurhulumente wexesha elizayo ukuba aphelise.
Njengenxalenye yokhenketho lwaseLatin America, utyelelo lukaHarper eHaiti lwaba lukhuthazo lokutshintsha kwamaxesha ezoqoqosho. Inkunzi yaseKhanada kwiminyaka ye-neoliberal iye yanda kakhulu kumazwe angaphandle, kunye notyalo-mali lwangaphandle oluthe ngqo lufikelela kwi-445 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2004, emele phantse i-40% ye-GDP (ukusuka kwi-5% ye-GDP ngo-1970). ILatin America ibe yeyona ndawo ithandwayo ngabatyali-zimali baseCanada, abampahla yabo iyonke ixabisa i-96 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, nto leyo eyenza iCanada ibe ngumtyali-mali wesibini ngobukhulu. Olu lawulo lwengingqi aluzukutshintsha nokuba lunokutshintsha, ngesantya sokukhula kotyalo-mali lwaseKhanada apho elidlula kakhulu elo lase-Asiya okanye i-EU.
Abaphezulu benkampani yaseCanada babongoze umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ogxile ekuvuleni iimarike ezivulekileyo kunye neendawo zotyalo-mali, ngelixa udibanisa ngenkani amazwe angavumiyo kunye "angasebenziyo" okanye "ahlulekileyo" njengeHaiti kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. Ukuqala kokhenketho, uMongameli waseScotiabank uRick Waugh ucele uHarper ukuba "abeke ingqwalasela eyodwa kumathuba orhwebo notyalo-mali kumazwe aseMelika ngenxa yobudlelwane bethu bezenkcubeko nezopolitiko, amakhonkco oshishino akhoyo, kunye nokukhula okumangalisayo okunokwenzeka kunye nokusondela kwezi marike. ."
Ngelixa imeko yabantu baseHaiti nabaseKhanada ngeendlela ezininzi zehlabathi zahlukene, kukho ukufana ngakumbi kunoHarper's crass "ukungabi nathemba" vs. "ithemba elingenamda" uthelekiso luvuma. Kwiintsuku nje ngaphambi kokuba izidubedube zokutya ziqhume kulo lonke elaseHaiti, i-UN yakhupha ingxelo eqaqambileyo ngoqoqosho lwaseHaiti: "Izalathisi ze-Macroeconomic ziye zaqhubeka ziphucula, kwaye ilizwe liye lafumana ukukhula koqoqosho kwinqanaba elingazange lenzeke amashumi eminyaka." Noko ke, emva kokuba le ngxaki iqhawukile, amagosa e-UN anyanzelwa ukuba avume ukuba โukukhula koqoqosho kubuyele kwinqanaba le-1991 le-3.2% ngonyaka kwaye ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwehle ukuya kwi-8% ngowama-2007 ukusuka kwi-30% -40% kwiminyaka embalwa ngaphambili, . .akukhange kubekho luphuculo kwiimeko ezinzima zokuphila kwinkoliso yabantu baseHaiti.โ I-Neoliberalism, eHaiti njengaseCanada, idale uqoqosho olusisiseko sezoqoqosho asisahambelani ngayo nayiphi na indlela enentsingiselo kwintlalontle yabantu abaqhelekileyo.
Ezoqoqosho asiyiyo yodwa indawo yokuhlangana. UStephen Baranyi usebenzisa la mazwi abanzi ukuchaza intlalontle yaseHaiti: "Iipolitiki zaseHaiti ngokwembali bezilawulwa ngabaphezulu abaye basebenzisa amandla abo ukuze bakhulise amalungelo abo kunye namahlakani abo. Isekelwe ekuqondeni impembelelo eqhubekayo yabo baphezulu, kunye neqela lezopolitiko. ukujijeka kwangoku kweli bali likhohlakeleyo apho abanye baba bantu babalaseleyo ngoku bangamaqabane angaphantsi kuthungelwano lwezizwe ngezizwe zolwaphulo-mthetho oludibanisa iinkosi zaseColombia noogxa babo kumazwe afana neCanada ne-USA. "
Kodwa ngaba iipolitiki zaseKhanada zahluke ngolo hlobo? Okanye ngaba abakhange "ngokwembali balawulwe ngabaphezulu abaye basebenzisa amandla abo ukomeleza amalungelo abo kunye namaqabane abo" kunye "nokujijwa kwangoku ... apho abanye baba bantu babalaseleyo ngoku bangamaqabane amancinci kuthungelwano lolwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo lwamazwe ngamazwe" eWashington, eParis, njl.
U-Nikolas Barry-Shaw ulilungu leHaiti Action Montreal kunye ne-Masse Critique, i-anti-capitalist iqoqo le-Quรฉbec Solidaire.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela