Itheko elibanzi laseQuebec lasekhohlo, I-Québec solidaire (QS), iya kuvula inkongolo yeentsuku ezine ngoMeyi 19 eMontréal - ingqungquthela ye-12 kwimbali yayo ye-11 yeminyaka. Abathunywa bajongene ne-ajenda engumngeni. Ibandakanya inqanaba lokugqibela lokwamkelwa kwenkqubo yeqela eneenkcukacha, inkqubo eyaqalwa kwiminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo; iingxoxo malunga nomanyano olunokwenzeka kunye namanye amaqela kunye nemibutho yentlalontle kubandakanya udibaniso olucetywayo kunye nelinye iqela elixhasa ukuzimela, uKhetho lwesizwe; kunye nokuhlaziywa kweenkokeli eziphezulu zeqela.
I-Québec solidaire iye yatsala ingqalelo engaqhelekanga yeendaba kwiinyanga zakutshanje emva kokubhengezwa kukaFebruwari ngo UGabriel Nadeau-Dubois, eyona nkokeli eyaziwayo yogwayimbo olukhulu lwabafundi eQuebec ngo-2012, ukuba wagqiba ekubeni azibandakanye neqela aze abe ngumgqatswa walo endaweni yenkokeli yeQS. UFrançoise David, oye warhoxa ngoJanuwari, njengelungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yokukhwela (ummandla) waseGouin eMontréal. U-Nadeau-Dubois – odla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-GND – ukwabhengeze ukuba uzakugayela unyulo kule nkongolo njengendoda ethethela lo mbutho. Kulindeleke ukuba aphumelele unyulo lwaseGouin olucwangciselwe umhla wama-29 kuCanzibe.
Isibhengezo se-GND, esikhatshwa luhlaselo lwakhe oluqatha “kwiqela lezobupolitika laseQuebec elithe kangangeminyaka engama-30 lingcatsha iQuebec,” sabangela ukuba kubekho izicelo ezitsha zobulungu; kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ubulungu be-QS bukhule malunga ne-5,000, i-50 pesenti yonyuka. An uvoto lwezimvo ngelo xesha ikhredithi ye-QS nge-16 yepesenti yenkxaso ethandwayo, kuphela ipesenti ze-6 ngamanqaku emva kweParti québécois (PQ) eMontréal.
Olu yayiluphuhliso olwamkelekileyo lweqela, elithe lasilela ukusukela ekusekweni kwalo ukunyula ii-MNA ezingaphezu kwesithathu phantsi kwenkqubo yolonyulo olungenademokhrasi yokuqala eyadlulayo yaseQuebec. Kwakhona, nangona i-QS ixhamle kumzabalazo kunye nenkxaso ethandwayo yomzabalazo wabafundi ngo-2012, ifumana amalungu amatsha angama-4,000 okwexeshana, iye yabandezeleka ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwabaphembeleli bemibutho yezentlalo ukusukela ngoko, nangona intshukumo ye-ecology inchasa ukutshintsha kwemozulu. ibonakala ikhula ngamandla.
Ingxoxo yeNkqubo
Ingxoxo yenkqubo iquka izihloko ezifana noluvo lweqela kwimiba yobulungisa, kubandakanywa uncedo lwezomthetho kunye nokufikelela kwiinkundla, uhlengahlengiso lwentolongo, iziyobisi, amapolisa nelungelo lokubonisa; uhlaziyo lwemihlaba yasezidolophini neyasemaphandleni kuquka intlonipho yemihlaba yemveli, ukomelezwa kolawulo lokusingqongileyo, kunye nedemokhrasi ethe ngqo ethandwayo kwinqanaba likamasipala; kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokutya kunye nezolimo kubandakanywa inguqu eya “kulimo olunoxanduva lwendalo.”
Eyona nto inomdla kukwamkelwa komgaqo-nkqubo ocetywayo wezizwe ngezizwe we-Québec solidaire esekelwe kwimigaqo yokuchasa impiriyali kunye nomanyano kunye nabaxhatshaziweyo nabacinezelweyo malunga nobulungisa behlabathi.altermondialiste) ajenda. Isigqibo sixoxiwe ngaphezu konyaka ngobulungu be-QS.
Ukwamkelwa kwenkqubo yezizwe ngezizwe yi-Québec solidaire kudala kudala. Ukulibaziseka kubangelwa inxalenye yokuthambekela okuqhubekayo kweqela lokubonisa inkqubo yalo kwisakhelo sephondo saseQuebec endaweni yokwenza inkxaso yayo ye-Quebec ukuzimela into eqhubayo kwinkcazo yeprogram yayo. (Oku kungqubuzana kucaciswe ngezantsi malunga nengxoxo-mpikiswano malunga neNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko ecetywayo.) Okuchaseneyo yinkxaso engaguqukiyo yombutho we-Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) umbutho ochasene nengcinezelo yelizwe lakwa-Israel kumaPalestine, eyaqinisekiswa kwakhona kwinkongolo yonyaka ophelileyo. .
Phantse kwi-30 imibutho yasekhaya neyesizwe kunye namaqumrhu eqela angenise izilungiso ezicetywayo kwizigqibo ezisayilwayo, ezathi emva koko zahlelwa yikomiti yokudityaniswa kwengxoxo kwinkongolo. Ubukhulu becala uxwebhu lwe-synthesis, olukwapapasha nganye yezilungiso ezicetyisiweyo kunye nengcaciso yokuba kutheni liphakamisa ukwamkelwa okanye ukwaliwa, aluzitshintshi ngokusisiseko izindululo ezisayilwayo.
Lo mbutho uceba ukupapasha inkqubo yawo iyonke ngeyoMsintsi kulo nyaka. Inkqubo njengoko yamkelwe kwiinkongolo zangaphambili ezikhoyo apha (ngesiFrentshi kuphela).
Iimanyano: Ngaba i-PQ linyathelo eliqhubela phambili phambili?
Ugxininiso kwinkcazo yenkqubo - ibalulekile njengoko injalo - iye yagqithiswa kwiinyanga zamva nje ngokuhlaziywa kwengxoxo-mpikiswano ephindaphindiweyo kwi-Québec solidaire malunga neziphakamiso zokubambisana ngokonyulo namanye amaqela, kwaye ngokukodwa ukuba iqela kufuneka lifune umanyano olunokwenzeka kunye neParti. québécois kunyulo jikelele olulandelayo, kwi-2018. Nanini na xa lo mbuzo uphakanyiswa kwiingqungquthela zangaphambili, abathunywa bagatya iziphakamiso ezinkulu zomanyano olunjalo olwenziwe ngabaphathi abadumileyo be-QS, phakathi kwabo uFrançoise David kunye Amir Khadir.
Kwintlanganiso yayo yeBhunga leSizwe ngoNovemba 2016, i-QS ivotele ukuphanda ukuguqulwa okunokwenzeka kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kweqela kunye "nezinye iintshukumo zentlalo nezopolitiko ezinombono ofanayo oqukayo": ngokukodwa ukuzimela kweQuebec, ukuphela kobunzima, ukulingana phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini, ukuqatshelwa kweyantlukwano yabemi baseQuebec, inkxaso yeZizwe zokuQala kunye nokuzimela kwe-Inuit, inguqu ye-ecologist kuquka ukuphela kophuhliso lwe-hydrocarbons, kunye nohlaziyo lwenkqubo yonyulo oluya kubandakanya ukumelwa kwamaqela kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ngokomlinganiselo wesabelo sabo. yevoti ethandwayo. Kumalungu amaninzi eBhunga olu luhlu lwemigaqo, luhambelana nokufuna unxibelelwano olubanzi nabemi bomthonyama kunye nemibutho eqhubela phambili yentlalontle, luyakukhuphela ngaphandle iParti Québécois ngokuzenzekelayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokukhawuleza emva kwentlanganiso inkokeli ye-PQ uJean-François Lisée, usopolitiki onobuqili, wamkela isigqibo se-QS, echaza ukuba ivule indlela "yokubambisana okukhonkolo" phakathi kwe-QS kunye neqela lakhe ukubetha i-Liberals elawulayo kwi-2018. Wathi "ukubona " akukho sizathu sokungavisisani” malunga nemigaqo yomanyano edweliswe libhunga le-QS - ngaphandle kwabo bonke ubungqina obuchasene nokokuba i-PQ ibonelele kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo.
Ubuzwe ngu Umsebenzi, Andrés Fontecilla, owayesisithethi seQS ngoko, wavakalisa ukusabela okuthile kwisigqibo sikaLisée, esithi uyavuma ukuba “into ebalulekileyo kukubetha [inkulumbuso yaseQuebec] uPhilippe Couillard ngenkxaso yomanyano oluqhubekayo.” U-Fontecilla uthe nangona inkongolo ye-QS kwiinyanga ezintandathu ngaphambili yayithe akukho manyano lusesikweni ne-PQ lunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuzinikela kwe-PQ ukwenza iphulo lokuxhasa ukuzimela kwasekuqaleni kwase-ofisini, kwaye nangona bekukho iiyantlukwano ezinkulu kunye ne-PQ. I-PQ kwinkqubo ekhokelela kwinkululeko – ngakumbi, i-QS inyanzelisa ukuba iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko ecetywayo iyekwe ukuba ithathe isigqibo sokuba “umgaqo-siseko” ewuqulunqileyo uya kuba ngowombuso ozimeleyo okanye wephondo elingaphakathi kweCanada – isindululo seBhunga leQS. khange athethe nto ngezi zithintelo kumanyano.
Izahlulo ezinzulu malunga neeNdleko kunye neeNzuzo zoManyano loNyulo
Kungekudala kwacaca ukuba ubunkokeli be-QS bahlukene kakhulu kule miba. Isiphumo yaba kukupapashwa ngaphakathi kwiqela (kwi-intranethi yalo, kumalungu kuphela) kweendlela ezintathu (A, B kunye no-C) kwiimanyano zezopolitiko, eziza kuxoxwa kwinkongolo ezayo - iinketho ezimbini enyanisweni, kuba eyesithathu ngokusisiseko yacebisa ukuba. isigqibo sihlehliswe kwingqungquthela elandelayo ngoNovemba ozayo xa iqela liza kuqulunqa iqonga lalo lonyulo lwe-2018.
Ikhetho B, ngoku ixhaswa esidlangalaleni ngobuninzi bobunkokheli obuphakathi, ikhuthaza "ukuba i-solidaire yaseQuébec ibe likhaya labo balwa neoliberalism kunye norhulumente weLiberal" - umanyano olugcinayo lunikeza ithuba lokuxoxisana nesivumelwano sokhetho kunye ne-PQ, Iqela, ithi, kubavoti “bahlala bengumbutho osisiseko wedemokhrasi kwezentlalo kwaye umele enye indlela esebenzayo kwiiLiberals.” Ithi, ukusilela “kwisivumelwano” esinjalo kuthetha “ukwala naluphi na umanyano nelo qela nokwakha umanyano nemibutho yasekuhlaleni okanye amanye amaqela azimeleyo nanenkqubela ngokunyanisekileyo.”
Ngokubhekiselele kumkhwa wokuba abavoti bavote "ngobuchule," oko kukuthi, ukuvotela okanye ngokuchasene namaqela anokuthi enze urhulumente, abaxhasi boKhetho B bathi i-PQ iya kuba ngumxhamli ophambili womnqweno wabavoti. ukukhupha i-Liberals ngelixa i-QS, iqela elisebuthathaka kakhulu, liya kubanjwa kule ngqungquthela yevoti ethandwayo kwaye isongelwa ngo-2018 ngokubuyisela umva kwiinzuzo zayo ezilula zonyulo.
I-PQ, ngokuqinisekileyo, inenjongo yokunciphisa i-QS njengesongelo kumathuba ayo okuphumelela kwiindawo ezininzi zokukhwela. Abaxhasi be-Québec solidaire's Option B banethemba lokunyusa le nkxalabo ngokucinezela i-PQ ukuba iyeke ukugijima kwiindawo ezimbalwa ezithathwa ngokuba "ziphumelele" yi-QS, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwe okanye ukwandisa ukumelwa kwe-QS kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho (kunye nelungelo le-QS ukuba iqhube inkxaso-mali karhulumente phantsi konyulo. imithetho, eyaneleyo yokunciphisa ingeniso encitshisiweyo ekukhweleni apho iyeka ukuthanda i-PQ!). Ngembuyekezo, i-QS iyakuvuma ukungaqhubeki abagqatswa kugqatso apho ivoti enkulu ye-QS inokubeka emngciphekweni uloyiso lwe-PQ. Injongo enxulumene noko kukuzibophelela kwe-PQ ekumiseleni inkqubo yokumelwa ngokulinganayo xa ikwi-ofisi - nangona i-PQ iye yahlala yakhaba i-PR kuyo yonke imbali yayo, kubandakanywa neminyaka eli-18 xa yayiseka urhulumente, kwaye nangona isithembiso sokuyisungula.[1]
Ngapha koko, ukukhwela okumbalwa kuphela, konke eMontréal, kubonwa "njengokuphumelela" kwi-QS, ngelixa ukukhwela okungaphezulu kakhulu kuyo yonke iQuebec QS inkxaso yanele ukuthintela uloyiso lwe-PQ kugqatso olusondeleyo lonyulo. Kwaye isivumelwano esinjalo kuya kuba nzima ukuthetha-thethana, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba zombini i-QS kunye ne-PQ bonwabele inkxaso yazo enkulu kumanqwanqwa afanayo, kunye ne-QS kwiminyaka yakutshanje idlakaza inkxaso ye-PQ phakathi kwabavoti basezidolophini abafuna enye indlela eqhubela phambili. Kananjalo akukho nakuphi na ukuqiniseka ukuba inani elikhulu lamalungu alo naliphi na iqela lingavuma ukuvotela elinye apho iqela elilithandayo lingekho kuvoto. Icebo eliphambili lonyulo le-PQ kwiminyaka yakutshanje ibikukuhenda abavoti ngasekunene, abo bavotela i-Coalition yephiko lasekunene i-Avenir Québec (CAQ), iqela elibandakanya owayesakuba ngumbutho. péquistes kunye neLiberals kwaye ikhuthaza ithemba elikhohlisayo lokuphumelela ukuzimela kweQuebec ngaphakathi kolawulo oluhlaziyiweyo. Abaxhasi be-PQ abangafuni ukuvotela abaviwa be-QS banokutsaleleka ngakumbi ekuvoteleni i-CAQ.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, njengoko Option A Abaxhasi bayaphikisana, isivumelwano esicetywayo siya kuba yingozi kumfanekiso we-Québec solidaire njengeqela eliqhubela phambili elonwabela inkxaso ethandwa kakhulu kunokuba lifumana kuvoto olusebenzayo ngokwesicwangciso. Uvoto lwezimvo olulandelelanayo luvumela i-QS ukuya kuphinda kabini inkxaso edumileyo ebhaliswe liqela kunyulo jikelele. Kwaye abaxhasi be-Option B bayavuma ukuba isivumelwano esinjalo kunye ne-PQ sinokubangela ukuchithwa kunye nokuchithwa okunokwenzeka kwamalungu amaninzi e-QS, ngakumbi ekukhweleni apho bavumayo ukuba bangaqhubeki.
Ngoko ke, yintoni ecebisa uKhetho B, ngokukodwa? Ifuna ukusekwa kweqela lentlalontle elibanzi kunye nenkqubela phambili, injongo yonyulo kukunyuka kwenani le-QS MNAs, ukoyiswa korhulumente we-Liberal kunye nonyulo "lorhulumente ophawula ukuphulwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo ye-neoliberal. ubungqongqo, obuxhasa inguqulelo yokwenene kwindalo, ephembelela uhlaziyo lwenkqubo yonyulo ize ivumele ukuqhubela phambili kweprojekthi equkayo yolongamo.” I-QS iya kwenza uthethathethwano kunye ne-PQ - leyo uKhetho B lubonisa ngokumangalisayo njengoko luhambelana nezo migaqo-nkqubo ifuna isivumelwano sonyulo kwinani elilinganiselweyo lokukhwela elimelwe ngoku ngamaLiberals okanye yi-CAQ, okwangoku iqela lesithathu elimelwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Nangona kunjalo, uKhetho B lukhupha ngokucacileyo ukusekwa komanyano lorhulumente weqela kunye nePQ.
Le yiphakheji engahambelaniyo. Ingayihombisa i-Parti Québécois kwaye, ukuba isivumelwano esinjalo sinokufikelelwa, sijongele phantsi ngokunzulu isazisi se-Québec solidaire njengenye indlela echasene ne-neoliberal, singasathethi ke ngeqela lokwenyani elichasene nongxowankulu. Ukuba iphunyeziwe, uKhetho B lunokuthintela naziphi na iinzame ezimandundu ze-QS zokuveza ingxelo ye-PQ njengeqela le-neoliberal austerity, ukurhoxa kwinkululeko, kunye nokunyamezela ukuzibulala nge-hydrocarbon eco-suicide. Kwaye iintetho zikaKhetho B malunga nokukhuthaza “iqela lentlalontle” ukuxhasa eli qhinga lidlala ngokulula kutyekelo lwamatsha-ntliziyo asekuhlaleni athanda ukungakuboni unxulumano phakathi kweenjongo zabo zenkqubela phambili kunye nesidingo sikarhulumente onokuthi ngokwenene ancede ukuqhubela phambili ezo njongo. .
Option A, ngokwahlukileyo koko, ixhasa ukwakha “umanyano lokwenene oluchasene nobungqongqo, utshintsho lwamandla nokuzimela. Umanyano oluphambili esiluthanda kwiinyanga nakwiminyaka ezayo, bathi uKhetho A abalandeli, kufuneka bohlulwe kwibloc yobuzwe ekhokelwa yiParti québécois. Kufuneka kuchaswe “ngumbutho odumileyo osekwe kwiiklasi ezisebenzayo nezithandwayo ezikhusela inkqubo echasene nobungqongqo kunye 'norhwebo olukhululekileyo' kunye nokuxhasa inguqu yendalo esekelwe kumgaqo-nkqubo wotyalo-mali loluntu kunye nenkqubo yokungena Ukuzimela geqe ngendlela yedemokhrasi emandla eqhubeka ngonyulo lweNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko kunye novoto malunga neziphumo zayo, konke oko kwenzeka kwithuba lokuqala” likarhulumente oxhasa ukongama.
Liqaqobana labantu base Québécois namhlanje ababona ukudalwa kwelizwe elizimeleyo njengenjongo efunekayo okanye enokwenzeka nangona inkcaso exhaphakileyo kubungxowankulu obuququzelelwa ngurhulumente womanyano kunye noogxa bakhe bephondo. I-Option A ke iphakamisa ukuba i-Québec solidaire iqalise "iphulo lokuzimela kweQuebec eliya kudibanisa umbuzo wesizwe kunye nemiba ebangelwa ukuguqulwa kwamaziko ethu entando yesininzi, amandla kunye nokuguquka kwemozulu, ukukhuselwa kweenkonzo zoluntu kunye neenkqubo zentlalo kunye nokulwa nentlupheko. kunye nokungalingani okusekelwe kwimbono yabasetyhini, ebandakanyayo kunye neyoluntu yesizwe saseQuebec kunye nokumanyana kunye neZizwe zokuQala kunye nelungelo labo lokuzikhethela. "
Ukucinga apha kubonakala ngathi eli phulo "elisuka ngezantsi" linokudala uxinzelelo olwaneleyo kwiNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithatha isigqibo malunga nokuzimela ngaphandle kolwalathiso oluvela kurhulumente we-QS - nangona i-QS njengeqela lithembisa ukulwela ukuzimela. ukuqukunjelwa okuyimfuneko kweengxoxo zeNdibano.
Ekubeni i-Québec solidaire ingenayo i-forum ye-intanethi ukwenzela ukuba ubulungu bayo buxoxe ngolu khetho okanye eminye imiba yezopolitiko, uninzi lweengxoxo zoncwadi zangaphambi kwengqungquthela ziye zaqhutywa. Cinezela-toi-à-gauche, ngokuqhelekileyo uvelwano kuKhetho A. Ukongeza kwiminikelo emininzi ecela umngeni ukucinga emva koKhetho B okanye ukukhusela uKhetho A, amanye amalungu e-QS aye ngaphaya kwengxoxo malunga nezicwangciso zonyulo ukuqhubela phambili izicwangciso ezizezinye zokwakha iqela kwiinyanga kunye neminyaka. ukuza. Kwinqaku elizayo ndiza kuxoxa ngezi zigqibo zenkongolo.
Ukhuphiswano lobuNkokheli, kodwa ngokujija
Ingxoxo-mpikiswano ngomanyano ibonakala kukhuphiswano lonyulo lwesithethi esiyindoda. (QS MNA UManon Massé, owangena ezihlangwini zikaFrançoise David njengesithethi-sisithethi, akachaswanga kwisicelo sakhe sokuphinda anyulwe, kwaye uthi uyathandabuza phakathi koKhetho A no-B.)
UJean-François Lessard uyaluxhasa uKhetho B, uSylvain Lafrenière uxhasa uKhetho A ngelixa uGabriel Nadeau-Dubois, umgqatswa othandwayo, esithi ucinga ukuba isivumelwano sonyulo kunye ne-PQ sinokwenzeka kwaye siyanqweneleka kodwa uvakalisa uluvo kananjalo lokuba umanyano nabanye abazimeleyo. amaqela angaququzelelwa ukuba i-QS inokuyeka ukuchasa ukugunyazisa ecetywayo iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko ukuba yenze umgaqo-siseko weQuebec ezimeleyo. Kwakhona uthi nguye akuchasanga ukuhlehliswa kwesigqibo kumanyano lwenkongolo elandelayo, ngoNovemba, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uyavumelana noKhetho C, mhlawumbi ngethemba lokuphumelela iqela kwisikhundla sakhe kwiNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko.
Kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yetafile yabagqatswa abane babathethi-ndawonye eyayiququzelelwa ngu Umsebenzi nge-12 kaMeyi, i-GND yahlaselwa nguLessard njengokuzibandakanya "kwintetho edabukisayo kakhulu" ngokubuza isikhundla se-QS ekudala simi kwiNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko. Ingxoxo-mpikiswano yombutho malunga nenkqubo yokungena kwinkululeko, uLessard uthe, ibivaliwe kwinkongolo yangaphambili, ethe yaphinda yavota ukuba i-blanche yekhadi kwiNdibano; Ukhumbule ukuba iqela liyala “ukuthathela ingqalelo isiphumo” seengxoxo zeNdibano.
I-GND yakhawuleza yaphendula yathi: “Aniyenzi indibano yovoto yokubhala umgaqo-siseko kamasipala wengingqi… Kufuneka sicace ngakumbi, kwaye kufuneka kuthiwe: into esiyicebisayo yindibano yovoto yokwenza iQuebec ibe ngurhulumente ozimeleyo. ilizwe.”
Ngoku ka Umsebenzi, abanye abaviwa, uLafrenière kunye noMassé, babonise ukungafuni ukunyanzelisa umyalelo onjalo kwindibano yombutho. "ULafrenière woyika ngakumbi ukuba ii-Anglophones kunye nabantu abanobuhlanga [Sic] ibiya kuziphepha iingxoxo zendibano yovoto ukuba izigqibo zayo bezibhalwe kwangaphambili. 'Kukuzilolonga kwimfundo edumileyo eya kubakhuthaza abantu, yiyo loo nto siyenzile le nto'…..”
Inkqubo yaseQuébec solidaire[2] ithi iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko liziko apho “abantu baseQuebec” baya kusebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuzikhethela. Oku kubhekiselwa kuko “njengolongamo oluthandwayo, amandla abantu okugqiba ngokupheleleyo ngokwedemokhrasi ikamva labo kunye nemithetho elawula ubomi babo, kuquka nemithetho esisiseko efana nokuba lilungu okanye ukungabikho elizweni, okanye ukuyilwa komgaqo-siseko.” (Ugxininiso longeziwe)
Kwaye iqela lithembisa ukuba “iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko iya konyulwa ngelungelo lokuvotelwa lilizwe lonke kwaye iya kwenziwa ngenani elilinganayo labafazi namadoda, kunye nokumelwa ngokulinganayo kwemikhwa kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zentlalo noqoqosho [iimeko] ekhoyo kuluntu lwaseQuebec.” Nangona olu qulunqo luphakamisa iqela lemibuzo – ngaba “utyekelo” luthetha amaqela?; ingaba “ukumelwa ngokomlinganiselo … kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zentlalo noqoqosho” kuthetha ukuba umelo oluphambili luya kuya kubantu abasebenzayo, uninzi lwabemi? - iqela lithembisa ukuba iNdibano iya kuba "izimele" ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izigqibo zayo. Lo mbhalo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ulinqaku lokholo lweqela, kwaye awucelwa umngeni ngoKhetho A okanye B.
Nokuba sithini na isiphumo solu khuphiswano lobunkokeli, kuya kuba ngumdla ukubona indlela umgqatswa ophumeleleyo alawula ngayo ukulinganisa ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo olubonakala ngoku ngaphakathi kwiqela - elinokuthi lenziwe nzulu kungekudala, njengoko sibona ngezantsi - kwindima yakhe entsha "njengesithethi" kwiqela liphela - ingqikelelo ethatha iqondo eliphezulu lemvumelwano phakathi kwamalungu.
Ukujonga ukuDibana noKhetho lweSizwe?
Ubunkokeli be-QS bukwaphakamisa ukuba ingqungquthela ivume isicwangciso sokufuna ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye neqela elincinci elizimeleyo, Ukhetho lwesizwe (ON), eyasekwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo emva kokwahlukana kwi-PQ yee-MNA zayo ezininzi, omnye wabo, uJean-Martin Aussant, wathatha inyathelo lokuseka iqela elitsha. I-ON ayinamalungu angaphezu kwewaka kwaye ivotelwe ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye kunyulo oludlulileyo. Ayinamalungu kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe.
Ubunkokeli be-QS bujonge ukudibanisa ne-ON phambi kokuphela konyaka. Uxwebhu olukhuthaza amabango okudibanisa zombini i-QS kunye ne-ON:
“Besisoloko sisondelelene ngokwenkqubo nangombutho. Ngelixa izinto ezininzi zeenkqubo zethu zifana (i-Pharma-Québec, imfundo yasimahla, uhlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuvota, njl.njl.), kukho izindululo ezibini ezisisiseko ezenza amaqela ethu amabini abe ngamaqabane anyanisekileyo: ukuzimisela kwethu ukwenza ukuzimela kweQuebec kube yinyani ebambekayo. , kunye nendlela yokuphumeza oku, ngeNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko.
“Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, besisoloko sinxibelelana ne-ON, izithethi zethu kunye neenkokeli ze-ON zidibana kanye kanye ngonyaka ukuxoxa ngemeko yezopolitiko.
Ngaphezu koko, iqela ngalinye liziqwalasele zonke iindibano zelinye njengeendwendwe.
Ubunkokeli be-QS bubona ukudibanisa kunye ne-ON njengesicelo sesicwangciso sayo, esichazwe yiBhunga leSizwe leqela ngoNovemba 2016, lokufuna amathuba okudibanisa kunye nokubambisana namanye amaqela kunye neentshukumo zentlalo. Ithi, “Igalelo le-Option nationale, liza kuyihlaziya kakhulu iprofayili yethu yokuzimela kwaye liqinisekise amandla ezopolitiko okhetho lwethu. Iza kumanyanisa iqela lethu njengentsika yokuhlanganisa abaqhubela phambili nabazimeleyo…. ”
Ngelixa amanye amalungu e-QS ethandabuza ngesi siphakamiso, abaninzi baye basincoma. Ukudibanisa ne-ON kuya kususa imbangi kwi-QS phakathi kwamaqela axhasa ukuzimela. Kodwa kukho imiqondiso yokuba ubunkokeli be-QS bunethemba elingaphaya kwamandla abo kunye neziphumo zabo. Umzekelo, isindululo sokudibanisa sibonakala siyibaxa imeko yenkqubela phambili ye-ON. Kwingxelo yangaphakathi ye-2013 yamalungu e-QS esekelwe ekubenikho kwindibano ye-ON, "iintlukwano ezisisiseko" zaphawulwa phakathi kwamaqela "umlo wokutshintsha kwentlalo okanye indawo yabasetyhini kunye nemiba yabasetyhini" kunye nokungakhathali kubudlelwane phakathi ukuzimela kunye nemiba yobulungisa kwezentlalo. "Kubo, 'ukuzimela akukhohlo okanye kulungile, kodwa kuya phambili'." Loo nto iseluphawu lwepati nanamhlanje.
Ngokuchasene nenkcazo kwisiphakamiso se-fusion ye-QS-ON, akuzange kubekho isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela kwinkqubo yokuphumeza ukuzimela kweQuebec. Oku kucacile kwi Kwiwebhusayithi yewebhu, ebonisa amanqaku ambalwa ngososayensi wezopolitiko uDenis Monière, ilungu leqela, eligxeka isikhundla se-QS - yintoni enye? – iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko, ngakumbi isigunyaziso esivulelekileyo i-QS siyindulula: ukucacisa imeko yomgaqo-siseko waseQuebec nokuba lilizwe elizimeleyo okanye iphondo laseKhanada. "Lo ngumahluko osisiseko kunye ne-Option nationale, inkqubo yayo yokufikelela kwinkululeko ibonelela ukuba iNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko iya kugunyaziswa ukuba ichaze amaziko eQuebec ezimeleyo," utshilo.
Ngaphezu koko, UMonière uyaxoxa, inkqubo ye-QS iyonke iye yenziwa:
“ngokungathi iCanada ibingekho njengomenzi wezigqibo kwezopolitiko…. Baye bakufaka ngaphakathi ukwahlulwa ngokwasemthethweni kwamagunya abekwe ngumgaqo-siseko waseKhanada[3] ukuba benze ngokungathi okwenzeka e-Ottawa akunamsebenzi eQuebec…. Intetho ye-Québec solidaire iphakamisa inkohliso yokuzimela ngokugxila kwimiba yobulungisa bentlalo ebhekiselele ngokubalulekileyo kumagunya ephondo. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo le ndlela yokuma iluncedo ekugxekeni amanye amaqela ephondo kodwa ayisebenzi xa kuthethwa ngemfundiso yokuzimela geqe kuba ayihlaseli inkqubo yaseKhanada xa iyonke.”
Oku kukugxeka okuxelayo. Umzekelo, uninzi lwenkqubo ye-QS lunokuphunyezwa njani ngokuhlala eCanada njengephondo xa i-Ottawa igcina ulawulo lwamagunya abalulekileyo njengebhanki kunye nezezimali, imicimbi yangaphandle, umkhosi, urhwebo kunye norhwebo, umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho kunye neenkundla eziphezulu kunye ukuqeshwa kwenkundla, njl.njl.?
Kuninzi okunokuthethwa ngalo mba, kodwa apha kwakhona sifumana isikhundla se-Québec solidaire kwiNdibano yoMgaqo-siseko kunye nenkqubo yokutshintsha umgaqo-siseko ekujoliswe kuyo ngokulula kubagxeki baseQuebec abathi inkululeko yabo yombuso kuphela kwendlela esengqiqweni nenokwenzeka yokukhululwa kwesizwe. Abaninzi bahlawulisa ukuba isigunyaziso esivulekileyo (iphondo okanye urhulumente? - ukubeka "idemokhrasi" ngokuchasene nokumiselwa kwenjongo yeqhinga) ayiqinisekisi ukuzibophelela "kulawulo oludumileyo" (kodwa kungekhona ulongamo lwelizwe) njengoko ingqina ubukho abaninzi closet federalists ngaphakathi epatini.
Ekugqibeleni, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba nangona u-rapprochement exutyushwa phakathi kwe-Québec solidaire kunye ne-Option nationale, lo mva uqhuba umviwa, uVanessa Dion, ngokumelene noGabriel Nadeau-Dubois ngo-Meyi 29 wonyulo lwaseGouin. •
PS: Nantsi ke inguqulelo yesigqibo esiyilwayo sokuqala kumgaqo-nkqubo wezizwe ngezizwe ocetywayo kwingxoxo-mpikiswano kunye nokwamkelwa kwi-Québec solidaire congress eMontréal ngoMeyi 19-22.
URichard Fidler litsha-ntliziyo lase-Ottawa elibhloga kuyo Ubomi eKhohlo, apho eli nqaku laqala khona.
Endnotes
1. Jonga uPaul Cliche, Pour réduire le déficit démocratique, Le scrutin proportionnel.
2. khangela Un pays démocratique et pluriel, iphe. 6.
3. Ngokuchanekileyo, ireferensi apha ikwi usasazo yamagunya.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 amagqabantshintshi
"Ubuhlanga" akufuneki bube ne "sic" emva kwayo, kuba igama elithi "racisé." Eli gama aliqhelekanga ngokwenyani eQuebec French kwaye linokuguqulelwa ngokuthi “abantu bebala” okanye “abancinci ababonakalayo.”
Ukudibanisa = ukudibanisa