Phakathi kwe-1882 kunye ne-1968, isithuba seminyaka engama-86 iminyaka engama-3,446 ama-Afrika aseMelika kunye ne-1,297 yabelungu babulawa e-United States.[ii] Aba yayingabantu ababulawa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuxhonywa, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamahlokondiba abantu abenza ngaphandle komthetho. Abenzi bolu lwaphulo-mthetho yayiziijaji ezizimisele ngokwazo, amagosa enkundla nababulali. Iipesenti ezingama-73 zamaxhoba yayingama-Afrika aseMelika. Umlinganiselo wokuxhwilwa kwabantu ngama-55 ngonyaka. Umyinge wezinga lokuhlanjululwa kulo lonke elo xesha laliyi-.046 kubantu abayi-100,000. [iii]
E-Chicago, kwiinyanga ze-33 ukususela ngoJanuwari, i-2009 ukuya kuNovemba, i-2011 kwakukho abantu abangama-51 ababulawa ngamagosa eSebe lamaPolisa aseChicago, ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezisemthethweni zeCPD. ijaji kunye nomgwebi kula matyala. Amapolisa adubula amadoda ali-160 kunye nebhinqa elinye kwezo nyanga. Ama-Afrika aseMelika ayengama-1 ekhulwini amaxhoba; Iipesenti ezingama-74 yayingabanye abantu bebala. Umndilili wokubulawa kwamapolisa wawuli-20 ngonyaka kweli xesha. Umndilili wokubulawa kwamapolisa eChicago wawuyi-18.5 kubantu abayi-0.64. [v]
EUnited States xa iyonke kule minyaka ilishumi yokugqibela ye-20th Century, ukusuka ku-1990 ukuya ku-2000, kwakukho abantu abangama-2,054 ababulawa ngamapolisa.[vi] Umndilili wokubulawa kwabantu ngolo hlobo wawungama-205 ngonyaka. Umlinganiselo wonyaka wokubulawa kwabantu ngamapolisa elizwe ngokubanzi wawuyi-.066 kwabali-100,000 XNUMX. [vii]
Izinga lokubulala ngamapolisa eChicago liphindwe kalishumi kumyinge welizwe jikelele (0.64 / .066 = 9.7). Izinga lokubulala amapolisa eChicago liphantse libe ngamaxesha angama-14 aphezulu kunomlinganiselo wokuhlaselwa kwe-lynching e-United States ngexesha elibi kakhulu lokucalulwa kukaJim Crow kunye nobukhulu obumhlophe eUnited States (0.64 / 0.046 = 13.9). Izinga lokubulawa kwamapolisa kwilizwe lonke lingaphezulu kwe-1.4 amaxesha e-lynching e-United States ngelo xesha (0.066 / .046 = 1.4). Oku kufanele ukuba kube ngunobangela wesikhalo samazwe ngamazwe. Ikhuphisana nokugqithisela koorhulumente abakhohlakeleyo bengcinezelo abagwetywe ngokuphandle "luluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe."
Ezi nkcukacha-manani azibandakanyi inani elingenakubalwa labantu abasweleke elugcinweni lwamapolisa okanye kwiintolongo zelizwe lonke ngelixa belindele ukuxoxwa kwetyala, kuquka abaninzi abathi "bazibulala" ngokuzixhoma ngeempahla zabo, abo badibana neengozi ezingaqondakaliyo ezifana eziwa phantsi iishafti elevator. Ayibandakanyi amabanjwa akwizintolongo zikarhulumente kunye nezomdibaniso asokolayo kwaye asweleke ngenxa yokungafumani unyango.
Umsindo wamazwe ngamazwe ngokuchasene namalungelo oluntu.
Ityala likaHoward Morgan eChicago luphawu lwale ngxaki. UMorgan wadutyulwa izihlandlo ezingama-28 ngamapolisa emva kokumisa izithuthi kwiSide esixekweni esikwiNtshona. Ekubeni engazange afe, kwafuneka uRhulumente ambeke ityala lokuzama ukubulala amapolisa ukuze afihle ulwaphulo-mthetho lwawo. Njengoko kuphawulwe ngu-Angela Davis kwingxelo yamva nje malunga neli tyala, uMorgan "wathatha izithonga ezingama-21 emqolo [kumapolisa] njengoko wayelele esitratweni, kodwa ngokungummangaliso akazange afe. โโKunzima ukukholelwa ukuba emva kokunyamezela oku. uhlaselwe, ubekwe ityala lokuzama ukubulala amapolisa awayezama ukumbulala." UDavis wabongoza "bonke abaxabisa idemokhrasi kunye namalungelo oluntu ukuba bajoyine nam kunye nabaxhasi bakhe baseChicago ekufuneni inkululeko [kaMnu. Morgan]."[viii] (Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nolu lwaphulo-mthetho yiya ku- http://www.naarpr.org, kunye nokutyikitya uxwebhu lwezikhalazo olufuna inkululeko kaHoward Morgan ukuya http://www.FreeHowardMorgan.com.)
Kumsebenzi wakhe obalaseleyo, "I-Jim Crow eNtsha, ukuvalelwa kweMisa kwiXesha lobumfama," uMichelle Alexander, uNjingalwazi wezoMthetho kwiYunivesithi yaseOhio State, ufuna intshukumo entsha yamalungelo oluntu edibanisa abantu bazo zonke iintlanga kunye neeklasi ukulwa nobuninzi. ukuvalelwa phantsi kwesiseko samalungelo oluntu kunye nobulungisa. Umlo ochasene nokubulawa kwamapolisa ngaphandle kwenkundla usembindini weenzame zokwakha intshukumo elolu hlobo.
EChicago imfuno yenkululeko kaHoward Morgan ikhula intshukumo enjalo. KuMnu. Morgan, "Ubulungisa ngoku bunelizwi!" Lindela lo mbutho ukuba utshayela ilizwe ufune ukuba kupheliswe ukubulawa kwamapolisa kunye nokupheliswa kokuvalelwa kwabantu abaninzi. Inokuphumelela ukukhululwa kukaHoward Morgan, uMumia Abu Jamal, uLeonard Peltier, uBradley Manning, kunye nawo onke amabanjwa ezopolitiko kunye namabanjwa obuhlanga.
U-Ted Pearson ungusihlalo-sihlalo we-Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression kunye nelungu leKomiti yeSigqeba yeSizwe yeeKomiti zeNgxoxo yeDemokhrasi kunye neSocialism.
Amanqaku kwimithombo:
[Ii] Lynchings: NgoMbuso kunye noRace, 1882 - 1968". IYunivesithi yaseMissouri-Kansas City School of Law. Ifunyenwe ngo-2010-07-26." Iinkcukacha-manani zibonelelwe ngooVimba eTuskegee
Iziko. La manani awabandakanyi amanani abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abaNtsundu nabaseLatino, abadutyulwe ngamapolisa kuyo yonke imbali yethu, ekubonakala ngathi akukho zibalo zabo phambi ko-1990.
[iii] Umyinge womyinge we-lynching 4743 / 86 = 55.15. I-avareji yabemi base-US 1880 โ 1970 = 118,606,527 (US Census Bureau yase-US ngokweMbali yoBalo-manani kwiiTotali zabemi
Race, 1790 ukuya 1990, kunye neSpanish Origin, 1970 ukuya ku-1990, Kwi-United States, iMimandla, amaCandelo, kunye naMazwe, http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html. Umyinge we-lynching wawuyi (55.15 / 118,606,527) * 100,000 = .046 i-lynchings nge-100,000.
[iv] IGunyabantu eliZimeleyo lokuJonga amaPolisa, iSixeko saseChicago, liqulunqe iingxelo zikaJanuwari, 2009 โ Oktobha, 2011.
[v] (51 / 33) * 12 = 18.54545454545455. Abemi baseChicago 2,884,382. ( 18.54 / 2,884,382) * 100,000 = 0.6429611107493581
[vi] Itheyibhile, "Ukudutyulwa okuBubulalayo ngamaPolisa ngo-1990-2000," iWashington Post,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/metro/specials/pgshoot/shootstats.htm
[vii] Abemi base-US = 311,591,917 (i-US Census Bureau). (205.4 / 311,591,917) * 100,000 = 0.0659195533624834
[viii] u-Angela Y. Davis, "U-Angela Davis ukhuthaza inkululeko kaHoward Morgan," isitatimende esikhutshwe kwi-Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression, ngoMatshi 2, 2012.
http://www.naarpr.org.
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