Uqhanqalazo olwaqala ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesibhozo kweyoMnga lwahlukile kolwaminyaka yangaphambili. Kukho ukuqondwa kwihlabathi lonke ukuba uqhanqalazo lubangelwe kukudodobala koqoqosho lwelizwe, intswela-ngqesho, kunye nezithembiso ezingazalisekiswayo ezenziwa emva kokuculwa kwesivumelwano senyukliya lulawulo lukaRouhani namazwe aphambili ehlabathi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Kwakukho nomba worhwaphilizo oluxhaphakileyo, maxa wambi olufikelela kwinani leenkwenkwezi kuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente. Nangona kunjalo imiqobo yezoqoqosho kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukuba ikhona, ingaphantsi namhlanje kunexesha lika-Ahmadinejad e-ofisini, okanye urhwaphilizo olukhulu yinto entsha. Ngoko ke kufuneka sijonge oonobangela boqhankqalazo lwangoku kwenye indawo.
Izixeko kunye needolophu ezinkulu nezincinci
Ngelixa uqhanqalazo lwaseMashhad lubonakala ngathi lolokuqala oluphawulwe ngamajelo eendaba, lwasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwilizwe liphela. Oku kuchasene nothotho lokugqibela loqhanqalazo lwasesidlangalaleni emva konyulo lobuqhophololo luka-2009 olwanika u-Ahmadinejad ixesha lakhe lesibini kwi-ofisi kamongameli.
Apho amaziko aphambili oqhanqalazo oludumileyo lwaluseTehran, apho abantu bafikelela kwi-3m bematsha, kunye nezinye izixeko ezikhulu ezimbalwa. Ngoku imiboniso iye yabonwa kwiidolophu ezincinci okanye eziphakathi ezifana neDoroud, Andimeshg, Izeh, Shahrud, neNeishapour, ecaleni kweTehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Kermanshah, Arak, Yazd, Ghom, Sari, Rasht, Hamedan, Ghazvin, Bandar Abbas, Mashhad kunye nabanye abaninzi.
Iiklasi ezahlukeneyo make up
Ngokungafaniyo no-2009, apho uninzi lwabaqhankqalazi lwaluphuma kubantu abakumgangatho ophakathi, namhlanje uninzi lwabaqhankqalazi luphuma kumanqanaba asezantsi oluntu, abo uqoqosho lubashiye bexhwalekile kunakuqala. Ngaphaya koko, imbonakalo ikhangeleka imfiliba ngokulinganayo ngamathemba amancinane okuphucuka. Ingakumbi ulutsha olufundileyo oluphuma kwiiklasi ezingaphucukanga nalungenathemba lomsebenzi luye lwaba lubalasele kumbutho wangoku woqhanqalazo.
Ukunyuka okukhawulezileyo kwezilogeni
Kwathatha iintsuku ezintathu kuphela ukuba iziqubulo ezinomxholo wezoqoqosho zitshintshwe zibe zezopolitiko ezihlaba ikhwelo lokubhukuqwa korhulumente. Ngaphezu koko, iziqubulo ezifana Ukufa kuRouhani, kwaye Ukufa kuMlawuli -kwaye kamva ngokucace ngakumbi Ukufa kuKhamenei' - ijolise kurhulumente onyuliweyo waseRouhani kunye nesakhiwo esinganyulwanga kunye neNkokeli ePhakamileyo, u-Ayatollah Ali Khamenei' entloko. Umfanekiso walo mva udiliziwe. Kwiidolophu ezininzi abaqhankqalazi baye bahlasela, bade batshisa nezakhiwo zikarhulumente. Amazwi anjalo ayeviwa phantse kuzo zonke iidolophu nezixeko ekwakuqhutywa kuzo uqhankqalazo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, abantu bathabatha ixesha elingaphezu konyaka ukuphakamisa amazwi abo ezobupolitika kwimvukelo yowe-1979. Ngo-2009 ezi zilogeni zaviwa manqaphanqapha, kwaye zibhekiswa kuphela kwinkokeli ephezulu.
Ixesha elide lokuziqhelanisa
Kubonakala ngathi kudala kukho isandulela kuqhanqalazo olukhoyo. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo siye sabona uqhanqalazo oluthe gqolo lwabancinci kwilizwe jikelele ngezikhalazo ezinxulumene nokulahlekelwa yimisebenzi, ukungahlawulwa kwemivuzo kunye neebhanki ezinobuqhophololo eziginya ukonga ubomi. Oku kuquka ootitshala abaqhankqalaza ngeentlawulo neemeko zokusebenza, abasebenzi beqhankqalazela ukudendwa nokungahlawulwa kwemivuzo, abo bagcina imali yabo beqhankqalaza ngaphandle kweebhanki beginya imali abebeyigcinile. Kubekho uqhanqalazo ngaphandle kwesebe lezabasebenzi ngethuba inkokeli yemanyano yabasebenzi uReza Shahabi waye wagula kakhulu ngethuba evalelwe. Ezinye izilogeni ezithethwayo, ngakumbi ezo zichasa ukuvela kunye nenkcitho yolawulo lwase-Iraq naseSyria, njenge. Ulibale ngeSiriya, cinga ngathi, xa kuthelekiswa nokukhula kwentlupheko yabantu kuye kwaviwa manqaphanqapha kunyaka ophelileyo. Zonke ezi ziphantse zafana noqheliselo lwesinxibo sanamhlanje kwaye zinokuchaza ukunyuka okukhawulezileyo kwezalogeni ukusuka kwezoqoqosho ukuya kwezopolitiko.
Uqoqosho
Ngelixa uqoqosho oludodobalayo, ukwanda kwentswela-ngqesho kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zokuphila, kuye kwaba yimvelaphi yokwanda kokunganeliseki kweli lizwe, uqoqosho lwalubi kakhulu kwiminyaka esibhozo ye-Ahmadinejad kunokuba kunjalo ngoku. Ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe, nangona ingeniso yeoli iphezulu kakhulu, ukukhula kwaba yi-1% xa kuthelekiswa ne-4% exeliweyo ngoku. Ngokufanayo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso bekungaphaya kwama-400% ngelixa namhlanje kuxelwe ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kusondele kuma-60%. Yiyo ke loo nto kukungaphucuki koqoqosho nangona izithembiso ezenziwe emva kokuba isohlwayo sisusiwe ekujoliswe kuko.
I nkohlakalo
Izilogeni ezichasene norhwaphilizo ziye zabonakala kuninzi lwezilogeni ezithethwa kwilizwe lonke. Izilogeni ezifana Ilizwe lethu yindlu yamasela, kwihlabathi liphela lahlukile, ibalaselise indlela abantu abacekiseka ngayo kumanqanaba orhwaphilizo ngeenkwenkwezi kuwo onke amacandelo olawulo. Ngaphandle kovavanyo olungqongqo, ukonyuka kokhuphiswano phakathi kwamaqela ingakumbi emva kokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano senyukliya kuye kwavumela ingxoxo yorhwaphilizo ukuba ingene kumajelo eendaba. Akuzange kuthiweywe nje amagama kuphela kodwa kwakwashicilelwa nokonakala kweenkwenkwezi. Abantu babecatshukiswa ngokukhethekileyo sisityhwentywe semali esiye sasiwa kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, ababekholelwa ukuba sasifanele singene kwintlalo-ntle kula maxesha oqoqosho olubi. Akumangalisi ke ngoko ukuba ecaleni kwezalogeni ezinxamnye norhulumente uphela, kubekho abanye ababejolise kubefundisi njengeqela (Abantu bayacela, abefundisi benza njengoThixo okanye uMullah, ihlazo kuwe, liyeke ilizwe).
Abalindi benguqu ababandakanywanga
Lonke ulawulo-othetha inkokeli ephezulu uAyatollah Khamenei' kunye norhulumente waseRouhani - batyholwa ngokudodobala koqoqosho kunye norhwaphilizo. Nditsho ne isiseko imikhosi yokuhlanganisa ibiziithagethi zabaqhankqalazi kwezinye iindawo. Kodwa oonogada benguqu (sepah pasdaran) zigcinwe ngokumangalisayo. Noko ke, oonogada bemvukelo ngomnye woonobangela bobuqhophololo kunye nokudodobala koqoqosho. I sepah kwaye amawaka eenkampani eziphantsi kolawulo lwazo athatha i-30% yoqoqosho. Banohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olubiyelweyo (oluyimfihlo) olunqunyulwayo phambi kokuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluphambili lunikezelwe kuMajles ukuze luvunywe. Abahlawuli rhafu. Balawula yonke inethiwekhi enkulu yokurhweba, ukusuka kwiimoto zodidi kunye neevidiyo ukuya kwii-narcotics. Banofikelelo olukhethekileyo kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle olunqabileyo. Yiyo ke loo nto abanako ukukhululeka ekutshoni phantsi kunye nokuhla kwamanye amacandelo oqoqosho. Ukusebenza phantsi kwe-radar, indima yabo kwi-mess eyilizwe, ayixabiswa ngokupheleleyo. I sepah bade baxhasa iidemos kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala ngethemba lokumenza buthathaka uMongameli Rouhani, phambi kokuba batshintshe indlela. Kusafuneka bangenelele ngokuthe ngqo ngendlela ebonakalayo ekuquleni uqhanqalazo.
Inyikima eKurdistan
Inyikima ene-Richter isikali se-7.5 eyabetha entshonalanga yeKurdistan ekwindla yokugqibela yabonisa ukungakwazi ukulawula kunye nokungathembeki ngokupheleleyo kwabantu ekukwazi ukujamelana nayo. Kwisithuba nje seeyure ezingama-24 abantu baseKermanshah, esona sixeko sikufutshane neyona ndawo isuka kuyo le nyikima, kwanokonakaliswa yiyo, babethumele iilori ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 1979 zithwele uncedo kumaxhoba aloo nyikima, zilandelwa ngabantu abakweminye imimandla emininzi yaseIran. . Kwaba ngathi abantu baphelelwe lithemba lokuba urhulumente uya kuba nayo nayiphi na impendulo esengqiqweni nesebenzayo. Kukho amagqabantshintshi enyikima eyathi yatshayela isixeko saseTabas ngobusuku bangaphambi kwemvukelo ka-XNUMX. Ukuhlanganiswa okudumileyo koncedo kumaxhoba aloo ntlekele yendalo kwaba lukhuthazo olubalulekileyo ekwandiseni intshukumo yoguquko ngokuchasene ne-shah.
Isishwankathelo uvukelo lwangoku luyincopho yokuqokelela iimvakalelo zokuphoxeka ngamacandelo ahlwempuzekileyo kunye nawona avinjwe kakhulu kuluntu kunye nolawulo lonke lweRiphabhliki yamaSilamsi. Ngelixa amacandelo abemi ngaphambili babenethemba lotshintsho kunye nohlaziyo phakathi kwenkqubo, namhlanje kucacile ukuba kwanabo ngaphambili kwakunokuthenjelwa kubo ukuba bahlanganise iqela elinye okanye elinye iqela lolawulo baphelelwe lithemba.
Ukanti oku kusengumbutho woqhanqalazo oyaziyo into engayifuniyo kodwa ayikafumani into eyifunayo endaweni yawo. Ngokungabikho kombutho kunye nobunkokeli obunye obunye obucacileyo kurhulumente, uqhanqalazo lwangoku lumiselwe ukuba luphume, lucinezelwe, lusetyenziswe ziintshaba zangaphandle, okanye luqweqwediswe ngumntu omnye okanye omnye umdibaniso woluntu.
Ndinqwenela ukubulela uArdeshir Mehrdad ngezinye zeengongoma ezenziwe kweli nqaku.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela