NgoSeptemba 27, 2022, inkanyamba—iNkanyamba u-Ian—wambetha Iphondo laseCuba lasentshona lePinar del Río. Imimoya ezinzileyo ye nge125 iimayile ngeyure zahlala phezu kweCuba ngaphezulu kweeyure ezisibhozo, ziwisa imithi kunye neentambo zombane, kwaye zibangela umonakalo ongazange ubonwe ngexesha lezaqhwithi zangaphambili. Inkanyamba emva koko yahlala phezu kwamanzi afudumeleyo eGulf of Mexico, ithatha amandla ngaphambi kokubetha isiqithi sase-US eCayo Costa, eFlorida, malunga noku. 155 mph imimoya. Umbutho weMeteorological weHlabathi (WMO) ebizwa “sesinye sezona nkanyamba zakha zantlitha lo mmandla kwinkulungwane.”
Iziko leLizwe lokuQikelela iMozulu leSizwe loLwandlekazi kunye noLawulo lwe-Atmospheric wathi ukuba lo nyaka iya kuba “lixesha leenkanyamba lesixhenxe ngokulandelelanayo ngaphezu komndilili.” Zombini iCuba kunye neFlorida ziye zajongana nengqumbo yamanzi kunye nemimoya, kodwa ngaphantsi koku kulele intlekele yemozulu. "Inzululwazi yemozulu iya ikwazi ukubonisa ukuba uninzi lwezehlo zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu esizifumanayo ziye zanda kwaye zinamandla ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu okubangelwa ngabantu," wathi UNobhala-Jikelele we-WMO uPetterri Taalas.
LUNGISELELA UZE UXHOBE
Tyhubha, wathi iWMO, yenye “yeenkokeli zehlabathi ngokuphathelele ukulungela iinkanyamba nokulawula iintlekele.” Oku kwakungasoloko kunjalo. INkanyamba uFlora betha kunxweme olusempuma yesiqithi ngo-Oktobha 4, 1963. Xa iindaba zokufika kwenkanyamba zafika kuFidel Castro, ngoko nangoko wayalela ukuba kukhutshwe amakhaya abantu ababehlala kwindlela ecetywayo yesaqhwithi (eHaiti, owayesakuba nguzwilakhe uFrançois Duvalier. akazange abize i ukukhutshwa, eyakhokelela kwi ukufa abantu abangaphezu kwama-5,000). UCastro ungxamile ukuya eCamagüey, ephantse ukubhubha kuMlambo iCauto njengoko inqwelo-mafutha yakhe ehamba emanzini yabethwa sisiqobo somthi. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, ebomini bakhe Ubusoshiyali kunye noMntu eCuba, Che Guevara wabhala abantu baseCuba babonise “izenzo ezibalaseleyo zobugorha nokuzincama” njengoko babesakha ilizwe kwakhona emva kwentshabalalo eyabangelwa nguFlora.
Ngo-1966, urhulumente waseCuba wadalwa iNkqubo yoKhuseleko loLuntu ukulungiselela kungekuphela nje iziganeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo ezifana nezitshingitshane kodwa kunye nokuqhambuka kobhubhane. Ukusebenzisa isayensi njengesiseko sokulungela isivunguvungu, urhulumente waseCuba wakwazi kuphuma Abantu abazizigidi ezi-2 njengoko iNkanyamba u-Ivan yafudukela kwisiqithi ngo-2004. Njengenxalenye yolawulo lwentlekele, bonke abantu baseCuba bathatha inxaxheba kwii-drills, kunye nemibutho ye-mass yaseCuban (i-Federation of Women Cuban kunye neeKomiti zoKhuselo lwe-Revolution) indlela edibeneyo yokudibanisa abantu ukuba baphendule kwiintlekele.
Ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba iNkanyamba u-Ian ihlasele eCuba, abantu abangama-50,000 babekho Ukhuphe yaza yasiwa kwiindawo zokuhlala ezingama-55. Akukho zithuthi zabucala okanye izithuthi zikawonke-wonke ezazibonakala ezitratweni. Amaqela omsebenzi ahlanganiswe ukuba asebenze ekuqaliseni kwakhona ukubonelela ngombane emva kokuba uqhwithela lugqithile. E-Artemisa, umzekelo, iBhunga loKhuselo lePhondo ladibana ukuze xubusha indlela yokusabela kwisikhukhula esingenakuthintelwa. Ngaphandle kwemizamo emihle eyenziwe ngabaseCuba, Ntathu abantu bafa ngenxa yenkanyamba, kwaye igridi yombane yenza umonakalo omkhulu.
UMONAKALO
Isiqithi sonke-kuquka iHavana-sasingenamandla ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu. Igridi yombane, eyayisele inengxaki yokungabikho kokulungiswa okukhulu, yawa. Ngaphandle kwamandla, abantu baseCuba kwafuneka balahle ukutya okufuneka kufakwe efrijini kwaye bajongane nobunzima ekulungiseleleni ukutya, phakathi kobunye ubunzima. Ngo-Oktobha 1, ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezintlanu emva kokufika, i-82% yabemi baseHaana babenamandla abo. bu yiselwe nomsebenzi oqhubekayo kwintshona yesiqithi (i ubungakanani bexesha ngaphandle kwamandla ePuerto Rico, leyo yabethwa yi Hurricane Fiona ngoSeptemba 18, lide-ikota yesigidi abantu bahlala ngaphandle amandla ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbini kamva).
Impembelelo yexesha elide yeNkanyamba i-Ian iseza kuhlolwa, nangona abanye bakholelwa ukuba iindleko zomonakalo ziya kudlula i-1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ngaphezu kwama-8,500 eehektare ze umhlaba wezityalo babethwe zizikhukula, kunye nesityalo sebhanana esichaphazeleke kakhulu. Eyona ngxaki inkulu iya kujamelana nayo lishishini lecuba laseCuba ekubeni iPinar del Río—apho iifama ezingama-5,000 XNUMX zatshatyalaliswayo—isisazulu sayo 65% kwimveliso yecuba yelizwe). UHirochi Robaina, umfama wecuba ePinar del Río, wabhala, “Yayingeyonyaniso. Intlekele yokwenene.”
I-BLOCKADE
EMexico naseVenezuela ngoko nangoko ba thembisa ukuthumela izinto zokuncedisa ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwegridi yombane kwisiqithi.
Onke amehlo ajikela eWashington-kungekhona nje ukubona ukuba iya kuthumela uncedo, oluya kwamkeleka, kodwa nokuba luyakususa iCuba abaxhasi karhulumente uluhlu lwabanqolobi kunye nokuphela izigwebo ibekwe yi-United States. La manyathelo abangela ukuba iibhanki zase-United States nakwezinye iindawo zibe madolw' anzima ukujongana naziphi na iintengiselwano zemali, kuquka iminikelo yobuntu. I-US inerekhodi edibeneyo malunga noncedo loluntu eCuba. Emva kweNkanyamba uMichelle (2001), iNkanyamba uCharley (2004), kunye neNkanyamba uWilma (2005), i-US yanikela ngoncedo, kodwa ayizange iphakamise okwethutyana i-blockade. Emva kwe umlilo kwindawo yokugcina ioli yaseMatanzas ngo-Agasti ka-2022, i-US yanikezela ukujoyina iMexico neVenezuela ukunceda abantu baseCuba bacime umlilo. USekela Mphathiswa wezangaPhandle eCuba uCarlos Fernandez de Cossio wanikela "Umbulelo omkhulu" ngesi senzo, kodwa ulawulo lukaMongameli wase-US uJoe Biden aluzange lulandele.
Endaweni yokuphakamisa izohlwayo nokuba lixesha elincinci, urhulumente wase-US wahlala wajonga njengemikhosi engaqondakaliyo evela eMiami. Ityhilekile Umlambo wemiyalezo kaFacebook kunye ne-WhatsApp yokuqhuba abantu baseCuba abaphelelwe lithemba esitratweni. Akukho mzuzu uchithwa yiWashington ukuba isebenzise intlekele yendalo ukuzama ukuphazamisa imeko eCuba (imbali ebuyela emva kwi-1963, xa i-Central Intelligence Agency ibonakalisiwe malunga nendlela yokuxhasa iintlekele zendalo kwiinzuzo zopolitiko). “Inkoliso yabantu ayithethi ngenkululeko,” wasixelela oko umntu owayebukele olu qhankqalazo. "Bacela amandla kunye nokutya."
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