Yibize ngeqhinga likaJason Bourne.
Yicinge nje ngokuba iCIA ingena eHollywood-okanye kwinto engekho ngqiqweni. Njengoko izityhilelo zamva nje zenze kwacaca, ukuba iintshukumo ze-Arhente azinakuba zide kakhulu okanye zinyanisekile. Kwimfazwe yayo yasemva kwe-9/11 yehlabathi yesithunzi, iqeshe zombini iikontraka zabucala kunye namanye amabanjwa adume kakubi kwihlabathi ngeendlela ezishiya isiqendu samva nje seefilimu zaseBourne eluthulini: abagwayi baqeshelwe ukubulala kunye nabo babefudula bengamabanjwa. othe wafumana imali kwigama elibi lokunxiba ijumpsuit eorenji kweyona ntolongo idume kakubi kwihlabathi.
Iqela lokuqala lee-arhente ezifihlakeleyo zaqeshwa ziinkampani zabucala ezivela kwi-Army Special Forces kunye ne-Navy SEALs kwaye emva koko zabuyiselwa kwi-CIA ngemivuzo emihle ephakathi kwe-140,000 yeedola ngonyaka; iqela lesibini laqeshwa kwizisele zentolongo eGuantanamo Bay laza lahlawulwa ngengxowa-mali efihlakeleyo yezigidi ezininzi zeedola ebizwa ngokuba yi โPledge.โ
Kwinyanga ephelileyo, i-Associated Press phendla ukuba i-CIA ikhethe amadoda ambalwa phakathi kwamakhulu abarhanelwa bobugrogrisi ababebanjelwe eGuantanamo kwaye babaqeqeshela ukuba babe ngabameli ababini kwiqela lezindlu ezisibhozo kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Penny Lane." (Ewe, ngokwenene, igama lithatyathwe kwingoma yeBeatles, njengoko yayinjalo "Amasimi e-Strawberry, "Inkqubo yaseGuantanamo ebandakanya ukungcungcuthekisa amabanjwa "aphezulu".) La madoda abuyiselwa kwinto abalawuli bakaBush ababethanda ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ithafa ledabi lehlabathi," apho injongo yabo yayikukuba ngumhlobo namalungu e-al-Qaeda kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olujoliswe kuyo. ngenkqubo ye-Arhente yokubulala iinqwelomoya.
Inkqubo eyimfihlo ye-agent ephindwe kabini, ngelixa inemibala kwaye ingaphumelelanga ngokuphawulekayo, akufanele imangalise nabani na. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, cela ukuxoxisana okanye ukucenga abaphuli-mthetho ukuba babulale abo banxulumana nabo-iqhinga. wafinga ubuso ziingcali zomthetho zamazwe ngamazwe - isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumapolisa ase-US kunye nenkqubo yezomthetho. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, nangona kunjalo, ulwazi oluncinci malunga nenye inkqubo eyimfihlo luye lwavela kwaye luvula ifestile entsha eyothusayo kwi-privatization ye-US intelligence.
Hollywood kwi Langley
NgoJulayi 2010, kwiingxoxo zakhe zokuqinisekisa kwisithuba soMlawuli weSizwe soBuntlola, uJames Clapper wachaza ukusetyenziswa iikontraka zabucala kuluntu lwezobuntlola: "Kwangoko emva kweMfazwe yoMlomo... sasiphantsi kogunyaziso lwenkongolo ukuba sinciphise uluntu ngomyalelo wama-20%... Kwaze kwathi ngo9/11 yenzekaโฆ Inkxaso-mali eyongezelelekileyo okanye yemali eyenzeka phesheya kwezilwandle, nto leyo eyenzeka kunyaka omnye, kunzima kakhulu ukuqesha abasebenzi bakarhulumente unyaka omnye.
Amawakawaka ee "Green Badges" aqeshwa ngeenkampani ezifana Booz Allen Hamilton kwaye Qinetiq ukusebenza kwi-CIA kunye neeofisi ze-Arhente yeSizwe yoKhuseleko (NSA) kwihlabathi jikelele, phakathi kwabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo ababenxibe iibheji eziluhlaza. Uninzi lwabo - njengo-Edward Snowden - benze imisebenzi yobuchwephesha kubuchwepheshe bolwazi ngenjongo yokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente.
Emva koko i-CIA yagqiba ekubeni akukho nkalo yemfazwe eyimfihlo engakwazi ukuhlanganiswa. Ke baseka iyunithi yeekontraka zabucala njengee-arhente ezifihlakeleyo, bezikhanyisa ngokuluhlaza ukuze baphathe imipu kwaye bathunyelwe kwimimandla yemfazwe yase-US ngesaziso somzuzwana. Elite James Bond-like unit of the armed guards and super-fixers wanikwa igama le-anodyne Global Response Staff (GRS).
Phakathi kwabasebenzi abali-125 beli candelo, abasuka kuMkhosi woMkhosi oKhethekileyo besebenzisa iikontraka zabucala bekukho uRaymond Davis noDane Paresi; ukusuka kwii-Navy SEALs Glen Doherty, Jeremy Wise, kunye neTyrone Woods. Omahlanu kungekudala azakuba kwizihloko zeendaba ezifihlakeleyo zamaphephandaba kwihlabathi liphela. La madoda-akukho bafazi sele kuthiwe thaca amagama-aye athunyelwa kwimishini yeenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine ekhapha abahlalutyi beCIA ebaleni.
UDavis wabelwa eLahore, ePakistan; eDoherty naseWoods ukuya eBenghazi, eLibya; Paresi kunye noBulumko ukuya eKhost, Afghanistan. Njengoko iGRS yayisanda, ezinye iikontraka zaya e-Djibouti, eLebhanon, naseYemen, phakathi kwamanye amazwe, ngoku ka a Washington Post iprofayili yeyunithi.
Ukususela kwangethuba, umsebenzi wayo wawungeyonto ifana nemfihlo. Ngo-2005, umzekelo, ababesakuba ngabasebenzi boMkhosi oKhethekileyo babesele beqalile ukuxoxa ngokuphandle ngemisebenzi kwiyunithi. iiforamu ezikwi-intanethi. Iinkcazo zabo zazivakala ngathi yinto ephuma ngqo kwi-Hollywood thriller. I isikhundla ibonise ugxininiso lwabasebenzi be-GRS ngakumbi "njengenzelwe ukuhlala emthunzini, amaqela oqeqesho ukuze asebenze ngokufihlakeleyo kwaye anike umaleko ongabonakaliyo wokhuseleko kumagosa eCIA kwiindawo ezisengozini enkulu."
โAbazifundi iilwimi, abahlangani nabemi bamazwe angaphandle, kwaye abazibhali iingxelo zobuntlola,โ utshilo owayesakuba ligosa lezobuntlola e-US. "Eyona misebenzi yabo iphambili kukwenza imephu yeendlela zokuphuma kwiindawo zokuhlangana, ukumbambazela abanolwazi, kwaye babonelele 'ngemvulophu' yokhuseleko ... ukuba ukutyhala kuza kutyhala, kuya kufuneka udubule."
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, i-GRS yazinzisa kwi-Arhente, ibalulekile kumsebenzi wayo. Namhlanje, iiarhente ezintsha zeCIA kunye nabahlalutyi abaya kwiindawo ezinobungozi baqeqeshelwa ukusebenza nabagcini bokhuseleko abanjalo. Ukongeza, amaqela e-GRS ngoku abolekwe kwezinye iimpahla ezifana ne-NSA kwimisebenzi efana nokufaka izixhobo zokuhlola kwiindawo zemfazwe.
Iikontraka zaBucala zeCIA (Musa) Gcina iMini
Kutshanje la madoda, umkhokeli we-CIA emva kwe-9/11 imfazwe yekontraka, bebesenza ezindabeni rhoqo ezothusayo. Ngokungafaniyo nabazala babo baseHollywood, nangona kunjalo, iindaba abazenzileyo bezimbi zonke. Ezo zixhobo bazipakishayo kunye ne-derring-do ekufuneka ihambe nazo ziye zaphinda zakhokelela ekuphumeni okumangalisayo kunye nokudubula, kodwa kwintlekele. UJason Bourne, kunjalo, uyaluphumelela usuku; abayenzi.
thabatha Dane Paresi kwaye UJeremy Wise. Ngo-2009, kungekudala emva kokuba uParesi eshiye uMkhosi oKhethekileyo woMkhosi kunye noBulumko kwii-Navy SEALs, baqeshwa ngu. Iinkonzo (owayesakuba yiBlackwater) ukusebenzela iGRS kwaye wabelwa Camp Chapman, isiseko seCIA eKhost, Afghanistan. NgoDisemba 30, 2009, Humam Khalil Abu-Mulal al-Balawi, Ugqirha waseJordanian owayeqeshwe yiCIA ukuba angene kwi-al-Qaeda, wamenywa kwintlanganiso kwisiseko emva kokuchitha iinyanga ezininzi kwimida yezizwe zasePakistan. Kwamenywa kunye nabasebenzi abaphezulu beCIA abavela eKabul ababenethemba lokuba uBalawi unokubanceda bajolise ku-Ayman al-Zawahiri, owayeyindoda yesibini ka-al-Qaeda, naye owayevela eJordani.
Iinkcukacha zokwenzekileyo zisengumzobo, kodwa amadoda e-GRS ngokucacileyo basilela ukuzalisekisa uthumo lwabo lokhuseleko. Ngandlela ithile uBalawi, oye wajika engenguye iarhente ephindwe kabini kodwa kathathu, wayenza kwisiseko esivaliweyo ngebhombu kwaye waziqhumisa, ukubulala kungekuphela nje uParesi kunye noBulumko kodwa kunye namagosa asixhenxe abasebenzi beCIA, kuquka uJennifer Matthews, umphathi wesiseko.
Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesithathu kamva, ngoJanuwari 2011, enye ikontraka yeGRS, Raymond Davis, wagqiba ekubeni aphume kwimeko awayeyijonga njengenzima eLahore, ePakistan. Igqala loMkhosi woMkhosi oKhethekileyo lalikhe lasebenzela iBlackwater, nangona ngexesha lokudubula wayeqeshwe yiHyperion Protective Services, LLC.
Wabelwa ukusebenza kwindlu ekhuselekileyo yeCIA eLahore ukuxhasa iiarhente ezilandela umkhondo we-al-Qaeda ePakistan, uDavis wayechithe iintsuku efota ukufakwa komkhosi wasekhaya njengekomkhulu le-paramilitary Frontier Corps. Ngomhla we-27 kaJanuwari, imoto yakhe yamiswa kwaye uthi wayejongene nabafana ababini, uFaizan Haider noFaheem Shamshad. UDavis waqhubeka wabadubula bobabini bafa, emva koko bathatha imifanekiso yemizimba yabo, ngaphambi kokuba babuyele kwindlu ekhuselekileyo ukuze bafumane uncedo. Xa isithuthi esigciniweyo safika, sayandisa le ntlekele ngokuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ngendlela engafanelekanga esitratweni kwaye yabulala umqhubi wesithuthuthu odlulayo.
UDavis kamva wabanjwa ngamagosa endlela amabini, wasiwa kwisikhululo samapolisa, wavalelwa entolongweni. Kwabakho isiphithiphithi, esibandakanya omabini la mazwe kunye neendaba ezinomsindo zasePakistan. Ummeli waseMelika, owathi ekuqaleni wayeligosa le-consular ngaphambi kokuba Guardian waqhawuka iindaba zokuba yena a CIA ikontraki, ekugqibeleni wacinezela urhulumente wasePakistan ukuba amkhulule, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba evumile ukuhlawula i-2.34 yezigidi zeerandi njengembuyekezo kwiintsapho zabo wababulalayo.
Kunyaka onesiqingatha kamva, ezinye iikontraka ezimbini ze-GRS zenza iindaba zangaphambili phantsi kwezona meko zimbi kakhulu. I-Navy SEALs zangaphambili Glen Doherty kwaye Tyrone Woods wabelwa ukuba a Isiseko seCIA eBenghazi, eLibya, apho i-Arhente yayizama ukulandelela intshukumo ephuhlayo yaseMntla Afrika ye-al-Qaeda kunye nokubuyisela izixhobo ezinzima, kubandakanywa imijukujelwa ye-Stinger, eyayiphangiwe kwimikhosi karhulumente emva kokungenelela kwe-US-NATO eyakhokelela ekuweni kwe-autocrat u-Muammar. Qaddafi.
NgoSeptemba 11, 2012, unozakuzaku waseMelika uChristopher Stevens wayehlala kwikhompiyutha yezozakuzo ekufutshane xa yahlaselwa. Amajoni angena kwezo zakhiwo aza azitshisa. Iqela le-CIA, kuquka no-Doherty, baphuthuma ukuya kunceda, nangona ekugqibeleni, ngokungafaniyo namaqela esenzo saseHollywood, abazange basindise uStevens okanye imini. Enyanisweni, emva kweeyure eziliqela, aba bavukeli yahlasela isiseko seCIA, ebulala bobabini uDoherty kunye noWoods.
Iqela Lemigulukudu Elingakwaziyo Ukudubula Ngokuthe tye
Intlekele kwezi ziganeko zintathu, kunye nokufa kweekontraka ezine zeGRS - ngaphezu kwekota yamaxhoba eCIA ukusukela oko kwasungulwa iMfazwe yobugrogrisi - phakamisa uthotho lwemibuzo: Ngaba lo usengomnye umzekelo wendlela ukuthengiswa kwemfazwe nobukrelekrele babucala akusebenzi? Kwaye ngaba impendulo yokubuyisela imisebenzi enjalo ngaphakathi endlwini? Okanye ngaba iHollywood-style skullduggery (ilahlekile ngokuphindaphindiweyo) inika ingcebiso kwingxaki enkulu? Ngaba inkqubo yezobuntlola yangoku, eneneni, ayilawuleki kwaye, ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oludityanisiweyo lwe $ 52.6 billion ngonyaka, awukwazi nje ukuhambisa nantoni na efana "nokhuseleko" oluthenjisiweyo, ukushiya ii-arhente ezahlukeneyo ze-spy, kuquka ne-CIA, zifuna ukubonakalisa ukuba "zinokoyisa" ubunqolobi?
Thatha, umzekelo, ukubulawa kwamaxwebhu Edward Snowden - enye ikontraki yabucala eyathi ngaxesha lithile yasebenzela iCIA - yakhululwa malunga iinkqubo eziyimfihlo ze-NSA ukuzama ukufunxa unxibelelwano lwehlabathi ngamazinga angazange acingelwe ngaphambili. Kubekho ukukhala komsindo kwiplanethi yonke, kubandakanywa nokuhlola iintloko zombuso. Abo bagxeka uhlaselo olucacileyo kubumfihlo bahlala bephakamisa uloyiko lokuba sinokuba sibona ukunyuka kwamapolisa afihlakeleyo-njengomnqweno wokubamba ukuchasa kuyo yonke indawo.
Kodwa njengakwiCIA, kusenokubakho enye ingcaciso: ukuphelelwa lithemba. Amagosa aphezulu ezobuntlola, esoyika ukuba aza kujongwa njengawenza umsebenzi ombi, anomnqweno othe kratya wokungqina ukuzithemba kwawo ngokuqhuba uluntu lwezobuntlola ukuba lube ngaphezulu (kunokuba ngaphantsi) okufanayo.
NjengoJeremy Bash, intloko yabasebenzi kuLeon Panetta, owayesakuba ngumlawuli weCIA kunye nonobhala wezokhuselo, xelelwe MSNBC: "Ukuba ukhangela inaliti kwi-haystack, udinga i-haystack." Kuyinyani ukuba, ngelixa ii-arhente zobuntlola ezahlukeneyo kunye neCIA zinokungaphumeleli xa kufikwa kwiinaliti, zibonakalise ukuba zisebenza ngokwenene xa kufikwa ekudaleni i-haystacks.
Kwimeko ye-NSA, iinzame zolawulo luka-Obama zokubonisa ukuba ukuthuthwa kwedatha okuhlekisayo kunempembelelo ekubhubhiseni amacebo obunqolobi - ngaxa lithile, babanga. Iiploti ezingama-54 ezinjalo ifoyile - ibe nomgangatho weendlela zokwenyani kuyo. Amabango anawo ingqinwe ibhityile ukuba amagosa olawulo kunye nezobuntlola azabalazele ukukholisa nalawo akwiNkongolo axhasa iinkqubo, singasathethi ke ngehlabathi liphela, ukuba yenze okungaphezulu kunokuqokelela nokugcina ulwazi oluphangaleleyo phantse wonke umntu ngaphandle kwenjongo ethile. Ngokufanayo, i-FBI yenze inqaku lokuvuthela ixilongo ngakunye "abanqolobi" ababanjwayo, uninzi lwabo, xa lujongisisa, lwaba ngamaSilamsi akhohlisayo, yakhiwe ngobungqina obutyaliweyo kwiziza ezihlala zenziwe ngobunjineli be-FBI ngolwazi.
Ngaphandle kotyalo-mali olumangalisayo lwemali kunye nokuqeshwa okukhulu kweekontraka zabucala, xa kufikwa kwi-ineptitude i-CIA inika i-FBI kunye ne-NSA ukubaleka imali yabo. Enyanisweni, zombini iinkqubo zayo ezisanda kutyhilwa eziphakamileyo-i-GRS kunye ne-Guantanamo i-agent ephindwe kabini-ibonakalise ukungaphumeleli okubi, ukukhupha kancinci ukuba kukho nantoni na yexabiso. Iakhawunti yeAssociated Press kaPenny Lane, ekuphela kwenkcazo yale nkqubo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iphawula, umzekelo, ukuba ial-Qaeda zange wathembela ababesakuba ngamabanjwa eGuantanamo Bay bakhululwa phakathi kwabo kwaye, emva kokuba izigidi zeerandi zichithwe ngokungenasiqhamo, inkqubo yarhoxiswa njengokusilela ngo-2006.
Ukuba ungafumana ibinzana elichasene nepolar elithi "more bang for buck yakho," zonke ezi nzame ziyakufaneleka. Kwimeko yeCIA, hlala ukhumbula nokuba uthetha ngearhente eye yaqhutywa iminyaka amaphulo okubulala iidrone ePakistan, eYemen naseSomalia. Amakhulu amadoda amsulwa, abasetyhini kunye nabantwana babulewe kunye neentlobo ezininzi ze-al-Qaeda kunye "nabarhanelwa abarhanelwayo," kwaye kunjalo - iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa - la maphulo asebenze hayi njengemfazwe yomoya, kodwa ngenxa yoloyiko. EYemen, njengomzekelo, isinxibo esincinci se-al-Qaeda esasikho xa i Iphulo ledrone laqala ngo-2002 uye ikhule ngokukhawuleza.
Ke kuthekani ngeekontraka ezinje ngoJason Bourne ezisebenzela iGRS eziye zajika zaba liqela lemigulukudu elingakwaziyo ukudubula ngqo? Baphumelele kangakanani ekuncedeni iCIA ukuba ikhuphe i-al-Qaeda kwihlabathi jikelele? Luqikelelo oluhle, olusekwe kwinto esele siyayazi, ukuba irekhodi labo aliyi kuba ngcono kunaleyo ye-CIA yonke.
Enye ingcebiso, xa isiza kwimisebenzi encediswa yi-GRS, inokufumaneka kumaxwebhu atyhilwe ngo-2010 yi-WikiLeaks malunga ne-CIA-Special Operations-Special hunter-killer iinkqubo e-Afghanistan njenge. 373 Task Force. Asazi ngokwenene ukuba ngaba nabaphi na abasebenzi be-GRS babandakanyeka kuloo misebenzi, kodwa kuyaphawuleka ukuba enye ye-Task Force 373's principal baseKhost, apho uParesi kunye noBulumko babencedisa i-CIA kwimisebenzi yokujoliswa kwe-drone. Ubungqina obuvela kumaxwebhu e-WikiLeaks bucebisa ukuba, njengakwimishini ye-GRS, loo maqela abazingeli ababulali ahlala eyiyeka imisebenzi yawo ngokubulala abantu kunye nokuphembelela udushe lwasekhaya.
Ngelo xesha, uMatthew Hoh, owayesakuba ngunokontraka weSebe lezaseLwandle kunye neLizwe owayehlala esebenza kunye neTask Force 373 kunye nezinye iinkqubo eziKhethekileyo zokuSebenza "zokubamba / ukubulala" e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, wandixelela: "Sibulala abantu abangalunganga, amaTaliban aphakathi alwa nathi kuphela kuba sisentlanjeni yawo. Ukuba besingekho, bebengayi kulwa ne-US.
Njengoko iinkcukacha zeenkqubo ezifana noPenny Lane kunye ne-GRS ziwela elubala, zikhanyisela indlela iCIA eyilwe ngayo imfazwe yayo eyimfihlo, kuya kucaca ngakumbi ukuba ibali elipheleleyo lokusilela kwe-Arhente, kunye nokusilela okukhulu kubukrelekrele base-US kunye ne-paramilitarized yayo. , abadlali babucala abasayi kuxelelwa.
Pratap Chatterjee, a TomDispatch rhoqo, ngumlawuli olawulayo we CorpWatch kunye nelungu lebhodi ye-Amnesty International USA. Ungumbhali we Umkhosi waseHalliburton kwaye I-Iraq, Inc.
Eli nqaku libonakala kuqala TomDispatch.com, iblogi yeSizwe yeZiko, ebonelela ngokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kweminye imithombo, iindaba, kunye noluvo oluvela kuTom Engelhardt, umhleli wexesha elide ekupapasheni, umseki we iProjekthi yobuKumkani baseMelika, Umbhali we Ukuphela kweNkcubeko yokuNqoba, njengenoveli, Iintsuku Zokugqibela Zopapasho. Incwadi yakhe yamva nje ngu Indlela yaseMelika yeMfazwe: Indlela iiMfazwe zikaBush zaba zezo zika-Obama (Iincwadi zeHaymarket).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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