Ndifuna ukuthetha ngendlela abantu abasempilweni ngayo e-United States of America, kutheni sisempilweni ngoku kunokuba besifanele ukuba sibe njalo, indlela esasikade sisempilweni ngayo, xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe, kunye nento ekufuneka siyenzile ukuze siphinde siphile. umgangatho wethu wezempilo. Ukuqwalasela izizathu, kufuneka sijongane nemiba yentlupheko kuba ngumbono obalulekileyo onxulumene nempilo. Ndiza kuthetha kakhulu malunga nolunye uhlobo olubalulekileyo lwentlupheko, intlupheko ehambelanayo, indlela othelekisa ngayo nabanye, kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo impilo yethu. Ndiza kuthi ngaphezu kokuzisa umzantsi phezulu, kufuneka siwehlise umphezulu. Ndiza kunika umyalelo wezempilo.
Kunzima ngokwenene ukuthetha ngentlupheko e-United States of America, kuba abantu abaninzi abaziboni ukuba bangamahlwempu. Ubukhulu becala sonke sikumgangatho ophakathi apha, akunjalo? Ukuhlwempuzeka lukhetho olubi lwamagama omawusetyenziswe kuba lubeka amabala. Ngoko ke ndiza kujongana nani baziintsapho nabantu abasebenzayo, nabantu abafumana umvuzo ophantsi kodwa abasenokuba basazama ukuziphilisa.
Ukuvuma ukuba uhlwempuzekile eMelika kunokuthetha ukuba uya kuba lihlwempu ngokusisigxina, ngakumbi kumhlaba wePhupha laseMelika, oko kukuthi ngaphambi kokuba sife, sonke siya kuzuza ubutyebi, ulonwabo kunye nempumelelo-ikhaya lethu, imoto enkulu kunye ezinye iimpawu zempumelelo. Konke kuxhomekeke kuthi, ukuba kufuneka sizitsale ngee-bootstraps zethu, sisebenze nzima, kwaye sinokufezekisa nantoni na esiyifunayo. Ngaba sinelungelo kuloo nto?
Yiloo nto kuphela eyenziwa nguBill Gates. Okanye uMagic Johnson. Okanye Oprah Winfrey. Andazi ukuba yinyani leyo, abanye abantu banokuthi uBill Gates wazalelwa kusapho olunethamsanqa kakhulu. Iinyani zibonisa ukuba sinentlupheko eninzi kakhulu e-USA namhlanje kunawo onke amanye amazwe atyebileyo. Akulunganga oko.
Ngeminyaka yee-1950, utata wayelungisa izihlangu, yaye sasihlala phezu kwevenkile yokulungisa izihlangu kwigumbi elincinane. Sasingenamoto ixesha elide. Kwakhona sasihlala kwindawo yabasebenzi, apho wonke umntu wayelingana nathi. Nangona sasinomabonakude ngo-1953, inkqubo yamandulo ngelo xesha yayisisiseko, kwaye ayizange ibonise indlela yokuphila yabantu abazizityebi nabadumileyo, ngoko ke asizange siyiqonde indlela esasinento encinane ngayo kwaye asizange senziwe ukuba siswele.
Ngoko andizange ndicinge ukuba ndincinci kunabanye abantu de ndaya ekholejini kwaye ndenza ubuhlobo nabantu abaye bahamba eYurophu ehlotyeni. Ababenamakhaya eeholide. Emva koko ndacinga ukuba ndingudidi lwabasebenzi okanye abaphantsi. Enyanisweni, ndikhumbula kakuhle ukuba nengxoxo nomhlobo wam kwisikolo esiphumelele isidanga kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard apho ndazichaza njengodidi lwabasebenzi, okanye abakumgangatho ophantsi. Uthe, akukho ndlela yokuya eHarvard kwaye ube ngabasebenzi njengoko kwakunjalo ngeminyaka yoo-1960.
Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ndachitha unyaka eNepal, ilizwe elincinane eligudle iintaba eziphakamileyo emhlabeni, apho iMount Everest ihlala khona. Zazingekho iindlela apho ngoko, yaye zimbalwa kakhulu ngoko ukuze uye kwindawo ethile kwakufuneka uhambe ngeenyawo. Ngelo xesha kwakungekho ndawo zokulala okanye iihotele, ngoko abahambi abambalwa babehlala emakhayeni abantu, batye ukutya kwabo baze balale phantsi komlilo phezu komlilo, kanye njengokuba iintsapho zazisenza kunye nabantwana noomawokhulu. Aba bantu babengenanto yanto, ukanti babebonakala bengafuni nto. Ndiyazi ngoku ukuba kutheni bengafuni nto. Kwakungekho zibhengezo zezinto ababefanele bazifune. Ndichithe unyaka wonke ndingenalo naluphi na uhlobo lwentengiso. Yayingamava anzulu. Ke aba bantu babeneziseko, ukutya, amanzi kunye nekhusi, kunye nothando kunye nenkampani yosapho kunye noluntu lwabo. Kwaye babelana nam ngale nto. Bahleka, badlala, abazange bavumele abantwana babo bakhale kwaye babebonakala bonwabile, kwaye ndiyazi ukuba babenjalo. Kodwa ubuya kuthi bangamahlwempu xa ubona imeko yabo namhlanje.
Abanye benu banokuthi ndithandana nale meko, ndichaza umntu obekekileyo. Ndandikade ndicinga ukuba mhlawumbi ndiyaphazama, kodwa ngoku ndiqinisekile ukuba ulonwabo nolwaneliseko asiyonto oyithengayo.
Kuthekani ngobuhlwempu nempilo? Bendisebenza njengogqirha iminyaka engama-30, uninzi lwayo endiyichithe kumagumbi oncedo, ndizama ukujongana neengxaki zempilo zabantu ezithi zivele ngokukhawuleza, ndaqalisa ukwenza unyango olungxamisekileyo ngowe-1977 kuba ndandicinga ukuba oko kuluncedo ngokwenene ebantwini.
Ndiye ndaqhubeka nokuzilolonga kumagumbi kaxakeka e-US kule minyaka ingama-25 ilandelayo. Ngamanye amaxesha bendicinga ngohlobo lwabantu endiya kubabona kwi-ER, uhlobo lwabantu abaneengozi, okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye njengabazali babantwana abagulayo. Ubukhulu becala babonakala benento enye abafana ngayo, abangobantu abazizityebi, abasomali.
Ngoku ixesha lam elininzi lichithwe ndisebenza kwi-ER e-Burien, i-White Centre, i-Tacoma, ne-Lakewood, kunye nakufuphi neSithili esiseMbindi e-Seattle. Baninzi abantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi abahlala apho, abatsala nzima ukuze baphile. Kodwa ndasebenza e-Bellevue, kufutshane nalapho ahlala khona oyena mntu usisityebi emhlabeni, kunye nekhaya labanye oosozigidi bezigidi, kunye nezigidi ngezigidi. Ziziphi izigulana endizibonileyo kwi-ER e-Bellevue? Ngaba babezizityebi? Kaloku, ngamaxesha athile, ndandiye ndibone umntu endinokuthi uphile qete, kodwa ubukhulu becala, izityebi azizange zize, nakwisibhedlele esikwingingqi etyebileyo. Usenokuthi xa benxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele, okanye bebotshelelwe kwi-stretcher, bekuya kuba nzima ukubaxelela ukuba bazizityebi okanye akunjalo. Kodwa nokuba ukhululwe ube ze, akunzima ukukuxelela. Okokuqala, abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi badla ngokunxulumana nabantu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Amaxesha amaninzi abajongani nawe emehlweni, kodwa jonga phantsi. Kwaye xa bekujonga, amehlo abo abonisa ubomi obunzima. Ngamanye amaxesha banomsindo kwaye bangxamile, bezibuza ukuba kutheni kufuneka balinde ixesha elide. Kwelinye icala, badla ngokutyeba ngakumbi, maxa wambi ngakumbi.
Bathanda ukusebenzisa amagama ngokwahlukileyo, xa sithetha. Basenokuthi โGqirha ndinentlungu engaka esiswini sam,โ ngokomzekelo, kunokuba bathi โGqirha, andiphathekanga kakuhle kwisisu esinxulumene nokushukuma okuthile.โ Ungacinga ukuba ndithi abantu abarhola kancinci bazizidenge, kwaye bengasiqhubi kakuhle isingesi esikolweni. Ngokuqinisekileyo abasosidenge, yaye bathetha isiNgesi ngokwahlukileyo kwizinhanha, kodwa akuyonto iphosakeleyo ukuthetha ngolo hlobo.
Ndaqalisa ukucinga ukuba mhlawumbi abantu abahlwempuzekileyo bagula ngaphezu kwezityebi. Unokuyiphikisa loo nto uthi hayi, izityebi zinabo oogqirha babucala kwaye abayi kwa-ER's kodwa babize oogqirha babo nangaliphi na ixesha emini okanye ebusuku. Ngokuqinisekileyo oko bekungayi kuba yinyani ezinzulwini zobusuku, enoba kukwisibhedlele esinceda amahlwempu okanye kweso sityebi. Kufuneka uze esibhedlele xa isihlomelo sakho sigqabhuka ezinzulwini zobusuku, nokuba usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu.
Ingaba ucinga ntoni? Ngaba abantu abazizityebi bayagula njengabantu abasebenzayo okanye abafumana imivuzo ephantsi? Phakamisa izandla zakho ukuba ucinga njalo?
Uphononongo olukhulu lubonisa ukuba kuzo zonke iimeko zempilo, kuzo zonke izifo, kuzo zonke izizathu zokufa, abo banemivuzo ephantsi banobunzima kakhulu kunabo banemivuzo etyebileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba usebenza apho kufuneka ubone abantu abagulayo, njengakumasebe ongxamiseko, uya kubona abantu abahlwempuzekileyo ubukhulu becala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isibhedlele sakho sikwindawo yezityebi, okanye ihlwempu. Ukubona oko, oko kukuthi abantu abahlwempuzekileyo babenempilo enkenenkene, kwaba sisityhilelo esikhulu kum. Ngoku anditsho ukuba bonke abantu abazizityebi baphila ubomi obude obusempilweni kwaye abantu abathobeke ngakumbi baphila ubomi obufutshane bokugula. Sonke siyayazi imizekelo ephikisayo kuloo nto. Intlekele yeNkosazana Diana ifika engqondweni. Kodwa njengengxelo malunga nabemi, malunga noluntu, naphi na apho ujonga khona, abantu abahluphekayo banempilo enkenenkene. Umbuzo olandelayo endawubuzayo wawusithi KUTHENI ukuba kube njalo.
Ngoko kutheni abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi begula ngakumbi? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba betshaya ngakumbi, nto leyo abayenzayo? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba basela kakhulu, nto leyo abanokuyenza? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba badubula i-heroin eninzi, yinyani? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba batya ngakumbi, okuyinyaniso? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba bengawenzi kangako umthambo, kuba bengawenzi?
Ewe, uphononongo lubonisa, ukuba izimilo esizijonga njengembi empilweni zichaza kuphela malunga ne-10% yesizathu sokuba abantu abahluphekayo babe nempilo enkenenkene. Ukufunda oku kube sisityhilelo kum kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Ndandidla ngokufumana izikhalazo kwi-ER ngokugcina i-harping kubantu ukuba bayeke ukutshaya. Kumntu onesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo oqhubeka esonakala aze agcine umkhwa wakhe wokupakisha iipakethi ezimbini ngosuku, iintsapho zesigulana zinokuthi kumlawuli ekuphela kwento endiya kuyenza kukumxelela ukuba ayeke. Ngaba ayikho enye into onokuyenza, uzama ukuyeka kodwa akakwazi. Njengoninzi lwethu, ndandidla ngokugxeka abantu abagulayo ngenxa yendlela abaziphatha ngayo eyayibagulisa. Kodwa anditsho ngoku, ndiyazigxeka ngokuvumela imithetho elawula uluntu lwethu itshintshe ukuze ivelise isimilo esingalunganga kuthi.
Ngaba kungenxa yokuba abantu abanomvuzo ophantsi abanako ukuhlawulela ukhathalelo lwempilo? Ngaba yiloo nto ebangela ukuba bagule ngakumbi? Kuyahenda ukuthetha ukuba sisizathu, kodwa akunjalo. Ndiyazi ukuba abanye benu apha abanayo i-inshurensi yezempilo. Mhlawumbi abanye benu banamatyala amakhulu ezonyango enisokolayo ukuwahlawula. Ukhathalelo lwempilo, okanye ukungabikho kwalo, akusichazi isizathu sokuba abantu abahlwempuzekileyo babe nempilo enkenenkene. Khawucinge nje ngamaHispanics. Abafikeleli kakhulu kukhathalelo lwempilo, badla ngokungabi nayo i-inshurensi yezonyango, bathanda ukungayi kwagqirha. Izifundo ezingenakubalwa zibonisa oku kwaye imele unobangela wokukhathazeka. Into ehlala ingachazwa kukuba abantu baseSpanishi bavame ukuba nempilo kunabamhlophe abangewona amaSpanishi. Yaye akubangelwa kukuba bengayi kubona oogqirha, nangona oko kuyingcinga ehendayo. Njengomthetho, uninzi lwe-Hispanics luphantsi kakhulu xa luthelekiswa nabamhlophe abangengabo amaSpanishi, ke emva koko siya kujonga ukuba kutheni bengabahlukileyo kubantu abahluphekayo abanombono wezempilo ohlwempuzekileyo.
Ndilindele ukuba ube nokuthandabuza koku, kodwa ndingathanda ukuqhubeka nokuqwalasela ukuba ngabantu abancinci abagula kakhulu, kwaye ayizizo iimpawu zabo ezifana nokutshaya okanye ukutya okubangela ukuba bagule kakhulu, ubukhulu becala. Kwaye ayikokufikelela kukhathalelo lwezonyango, okanye uhlobo lokhathalelo lwezonyango abantu abalufumanayo olubangela umahluko. Kwakhona, zininzi izifundo kunye nesayensi kulo mbandela, kwaye ndicela ukuba umise ukungakholelwa kwakho kwaye undiyeke ndiqhubeke.
Ngokwendalo yalo, unyango alunanto yakwenza nempilo. Ukuqwalasela ukuba kutheni, ndenza umzekeliso wokuba indima yokhathalelo lwezonyango iyafana naleyo yombutho wezonyango ekusigcineni sisempilweni. Ubufunda malunga nawo onke la majoni afika ekhaya evela e-Iraq enemilenze evuthululweyo, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi. Amajelo ethu eendaba athintelwa ukuba abonise iibhokisi zemikhosi yethu ebuyela ekhaya, kodwa kuye kwasweleka abantu abaninzi, njengoko usazi. Ngoku umkhosi wezobugqirha ungena emva kokuqhuma kwaye uthabathe amaxhoba, udibanise amalungu, uqale i-IV, uthuthe apho unokufumana khona igazi, emva koko kwisikhululo sesibhedlele sasendle apho imingxuma yembumbulu ivaliwe. Kukho amagorha enziwa kwaye ngethemba lokuba amajoni abethiweyo ayasinda. Siziva sinombulelo kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu abenzakeleyo, abo bafayo, babulawa kanye ngokuqhushumba, ngembumbulu okanye ibhombu. Ibutho lezonyango lomkhosi alinakubenzela nto. Umkhosi wezobugqirha awuzange uthathe isigqibo sokuba siza kuhlasela i-Iraq, abazange bathathe isigqibo malunga nezicwangciso zokulwa, ukuba siza kubhobhoza iithagethi kuquka nabemi, ukusuka emoyeni, ukuba kamva siza kuthumela imikhosi yasemhlabeni. Abazange benze isigqibo ngezigqibo zokulwa zemihla ngemihla. Abazange benze isigqibo malunga nezixhobo zokukhusela eziza kunxiba amajoni. Ekuphela kwento abayenzayo kukungena bachole iingceba, abo banethamsanqa basenazo iimpawu zobomi. Leyo yeyona nto ilungileyo enokwenziwa lukhathalelo lwezonyango, zama ukugcina abasindileyo bephila. Ke ngokobume bayo, ukhathalelo lwezonyango alunakuba nempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo, nangona ukhokelwa ukuba ukholelwe. Kwizifundo zam kwiYunivesithi yaseWashington, ndingena kwiinkcukacha ezinkulu malunga noku, kwaye njengogqirha osebenzayo, ndiyakholelwa ukuba oku kuyinyani. Oogxa bam, abathe bawuqwalasela umba wokwenziwa konyango ekwenzeni uluntu lube sempilweni, bayavumelana, njengoko zisenza njalo iingcali ezibhala amaphepha neencwadi ngalo mbandela. Oko akuthethi ukuba andikholelwa kunyango. Ndisebenza njengogqirha obonelela ngonyango, kwaye ndifundisa noogqirha abaselula. Kwaye ukuba ndiyagula, ndibona ugqirha. Ukuba ndithe ndawa apha eqongeni, ndifuna utsalela umnxeba ku-911. Kodwa masingazikhohlisi ukuba yiyo le isenza sibe sempilweni njengabemi. Ndiqinisekile ukuba ucinga ukuba oku kuvakala kungaqhelekanga, kuchasene nokuqonda ukuba uyathanda.
Ndilindele ukuba ungathandabuzi koku, kodwa ndingathanda ukuqhubeka noqwalaselo lokuba ngabantu abangathathi ntweni abagula kakhulu, kwaye ayizizo izimilo zabo ezinjengokutshaya okanye ukutya okubangela ukuba bagule, ubukhulu becala okanye. kukufikelela kukhathalelo lwempilo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyabuza ukuba kutheni abantu abahluphekayo benempilo enkenenkene. Lowo ngumbuzo ofanelekileyo emawucinge ngawo. UThomas Pynchon wabhala oku kwiGravityโs Rainbow: โukuba banokukwenza ubuze umbuzo ongafanelekanga, iimpendulo azinamsebenzi.โ Ndicinga ukuba sibuza imibuzo emininzi engalunganga eMelika namhlanje. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu luhlobo lobudlelwane bethu omnye nomnye, imo yentlalo yethu, into yengqondo, ukuba uyathanda. Makhe siyihlolisise loo nto.
Cinga ngempilo njengembonakaliso yamava obomi bethu. Sonke siyayazi ifuthe lomzimba oluba noxinzelelo ezingqondweni nasemizimbeni yethu, amajoni ethu omzimba kunye namandla ethu okulwa nezifo. Isizathu sokuba abantu abahluphekayo babe nempilo enkenenkene kunento yokwenza nobume obusisiseko bokuphila kunye nobuhlwempu, ngakumbi le nto uhlala phakathi kobuninzi kwaye igubungele ebusweni bakho. Nantso ke into yokuba lusapho oluphila nomvuzo ophantsi.
Ukuba bendinokunibuza kweli gumbi, bangaphi na kuni abazicingela ukuba ningamahlwempu, ndicinga ukuba zimbalwa izandla eziya kunyuka, kunokuba bendinibuza ukuba niphakathi. Imalunga nantoni na? Ukuba uyavuma ukuba uhlwempuzekile, uyazihlaza, kwaye uzive uhlazekile yimvakalelo ebalulekileyo yomntu xa kuziwa ekuqondeni umba obalulekileyo wempilo. Ngoku abantu abaninzi abanemivuzo ephantsi, abantu abaninzi abahlelelekileyo, abayi kuvuma ukuba baziva beneentloni, kodwa bazive beneentloni ngaphakathi, nangona kunjalo. Ngaba ayinangqiqo ukuba ezi mvakalelo ziya kuba nempembelelo enamandla emzimbeni wethu, nempilo yengqondo?
Ngoko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba lihlwempu? Yintoni intlupheko, okanye ukuhlala nemivuzo ephantsi malunga ne-USA? Okanye eSeattle? Masiqale ngokushiya abantu abangenamakhaya. Bangaphezu kwesigidi abantwana abangenamakhaya e-USA, elona lizwe lityebileyo nelona linamandla kwimbali yehlabathi. Andazi ukuba bangaphi abantu abangenamakhaya bebonke e-US, kodwa ndibone izibalo zicaphula i-1.5 yezigidi eCalifornia kuphela. I-One Night Count ka-2001 yabalelwa ku-7,350 abantu abangenamakhaya eQonce. Ndingacinga ukuba inani lelizwe lonke liphakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-20 yezigidi, kwaye linokuba phezulu kakhulu. Kwabo babadala njengam, ukuba ucinga emva kweminyaka engama-25 kwaye ucingisise malunga nokuba wabona okanye awuzange ubabone abantu abangenamakhaya, mhlawumbi uya kufumanisa ukuba awuzange ubabone. Kwaye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ngokunjalo. Akunjalo ukuba kwakungekho ngelo xesha, kodwa unokubona enye ngeveki okanye ngenyanga endaweni yemizuzu embalwa kwezinye iindawo. . Isizathu sokungabi namakhaya kukuba uRonald Reagan wanciphisa inkxaso-mali yezindlu zamaxabiso aphantsi ngowe-1981, yaye kanye emva koko, babelapho ezitratweni. Kodwa ndathi andizukungena kwintlupheko phakathi kwabangenamakhaya kwaye ndiza kuyeka okwangoku.
Ngoko kuthekani ngamahlwempu, abantu abaphantse bangabi namakhaya, kuba injalo imeko. Aba bantu badla ngokuba ngumvuzo omnye ekubeni bagxothwe. EWashington, umsebenzi orhola owona mvuzo usezantsi (7.01 ngeyure) kufuneka asebenze iiyure ezingama-86 ngeveki ukuze akwazi ukuthenga iyunithi enamagumbi amabini okulala kwiRenti yeMarike ePhakamileyo. Aninako ukutya? Uphahla phezu kwentloko yakho? Ubushushu basesiphakathini? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba awunayo i-microwave, okanye ifriji? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba ungenayo iTV kunye neVCR? Ngaba kungenxa yokuba ungenaselfowuni? Hayi, abantu abaninzi abarhola imivuzo ephantsi banazo zonke ezi zinto, abakasondeli ekugxothweni, ukanti baziva bengenalungelo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu eyadlulayo, izityebi zazingenazo ii-oveni zemicrowave, okanye iiVCR okanye iiselfowuni. Kodwa ngoku iintsapho ezininzi ezinemivuzo ephantsi zinabo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukungabi sempilweni ayikokuba nezinto ezifana neeselfowuni kunye neeVCR's ezinokuthi zithathwe njengezixhobo zenzululwazi kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu eyadlulayo. Ukungabinamali kumalunga nokuziva ungenalo ukhetho olwenzayo. Ayithethi ngezinto onazo. Ndathi ngabantu abanemivuzo ephantsi abatyebe kakhulu, ngoko banokutya okwaneleyo. Abantu abakwiindawo zezindlu ezixhaswa ngemali banezinto ezininzi. Sekunjalo baziva becinezelekile, yaye njengoko iminyaka yam yamava kumasebe kaxakeka yabonisa, ngabo bagulayo. Ngoko ke, ngengqiqo enzulu, aba bantu bavinjwe amathuba ngeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo, eyile, abaphili ubomi obude okanye obusempilweni njengoko zisenza izityebi.
Ndise kweli nqanaba. Ngokuqinisekileyo andihluphekanga ngoku. Njengoko benditshilo, ndikhulele kwindawo yabasebenzi, utata elungisa izihlangu. Sasihlala phezu kwevenkile yakhe yezihlangu. Ndachaza indlela endandingaziva ndilihlwempu ngayo de ndayishiya indawo endandihlala kuyo ndaza ndaphakathi kwabantu ababenezinto ezininzi kunam nababenokukhetha izinto ezinkulu kunam. Emva koko ndaqalisa ukuziva ndilihlwempu. Ngamanye amazwi, ndaqalisa ukuziva ndilihlwempu xa ndaqalisa ukuthelekisa mna nemeko yam nabanye abantu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ndikukhukulise ngombono wodidi, ndilwa umlo wodidi njengoko abanye abezopolitiko benokuthi. Kufuneka sinyaniseke, yile nto namhlanje. Yimfazwe yodidi. Kukho imfazwe ngoku kwaye zizityebi ezihlasela wonke umntu. Enyanisweni le mfazwe iqhubekile kwiminyaka engamawaka alishumi edlulileyo. Imfazwe yoKlasi imbi kakhulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo nangona iinkokeli zethu zingaphika ukuba zikho. Izixhobo zemfazwe yodidi yimijukujelwa yokomfuziselo, edutyulwe kumajelo ethu eendaba- iTV, iimuvi, iimagazini kunye ne-intanethi. Kwaye iqala emncinci kakhulu. Ziziphi iisayithi ze-intanethi ze-intanethi eziboniswa ngabantwana bethu azikho i-crass sex amadoda amadala angcolileyo angathanda ukuyijonga, kodwa iiwebhusayithi ze-Nike, okanye iiwebhusayithi zeenkwenkwezi ze-movie. Iindawo ze-Nike zibonisa izihlangu zazo kunye neenkwenkwezi kwindawo yazo. Le yimiqondiso yokuba izityebi ziphumelela amadabi emfazwe yodidi. Olunye uphawu kukuba abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi bathiya iintsana zabo ezisandulโ ukuzalwa ngokuthi iGucci neArmani neminye imifanekiso efumaneka kwiileyibhile zomyili. Kwi-ER's ndibona abantu abaye bahlaselwa kwaye baphangwa, kwaye eyona nto iphambili umphangi awabalekele kuyo yayizii-tennies zabo ezintsha ze-Nike.
Undoqo wemfazwe yodidi kukuba izityebi zikwenza uzithelekise nabanye ocinga ukuba babhetele kunawe. Eso sisixhobo sabo, umjukujelwa wabo wescud. UKUBA usisityebi, oko akuthethi ukuba unezinto ezininzi, ngokuyimfuneko. Kuthetha ukuba ungayifumana ukuba uyafuna. Unokwenza unothanda. Umhlobo wam uRaymond, owenza imali eninzi, wathi wayezihoye iingxaki zakhe ngomgaqo wokutshekisha. Ukuba unengxaki, wayezifunela umntu oza kumnyamekela aze ambhalele itshekhi. Uninzi lwethu alunakuyenza loo nto.
Uluntu lwethu namhlanje lufana nemikhosi yeemfene e-Afrika, umzekelo. Kukho inkunzi ye-alpha, okanye inja ephezulu, kwaye kukho ezo zikwi-rocking order ezantsi kwe-alpha male. Inkunzi yealpha ifumana okona kutya kugqwesileyo, kunye nokucholwa kweemazi ukuze idibane nayo. Iinkunzi ze-beta kunye ne-gamma zinobomi obahluke kakhulu. Abo baphantsi basoloko bephaphile ukuba inkunzi ye-alpha iyakuthatha intwana yokutya abayifumeneyo, okanye ibagxothe kwimazi ababeza kukhwelana nayo. Ubomi babo buphantsi koxinzelelo rhoqo. Siyazi ukuba indoda ye-alpha inempilo kune-beta kunye ne-gamma yamadoda, i-alphas ine-physiology eyahlukileyo, impendulo eyahlukileyo yoxinzelelo, kuneemfene ezisezantsi. Iinkunzi ze-gamma, iimfene ezikumgangatho ophantsi azisempilweni kunezo zikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Izifundo zabantu zibonisa into enye, oko kukuthi, abantu abanemivuzo ephantsi banempendulo yoxinzelelo lweemfene ezikumgangatho ophantsi.
Ke ngeemfene okanye abantu, ukuba phantsi kwileli yenqanaba kuthetha ukuba ubandezeleka ngakumbi kuxinzelelo olungapheliyo. Oku kubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukungakwazi ukulawula i-glucose egazini kunye nesifo seswekile esiqala kubantu abadala, esiyibona kubantwana abancinci nabancinci njengoko bephantsi koxinzelelo. Oku kubangela ukubekwa kwamafutha esinqeni nasezinqeni. Oku kubangela i-plaque engakumbi kwi-coronary artery ebonelela ngentliziyo kwaye ke sinokuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngakumbi kubantu abahluphekayo. Ezo zisezantsi kwinqanaba lobume zinamandla amancinci okulwa usulelo ngenxa yokuba amajoni abo omzimba angasebenzi kakuhle. Abanakho ukukhangela kwaye batshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
Ke ukuba nomvuzo ophantsi eMelika kukwazi ukuba awukho kwiligi enye nabo banewonga eliphezulu kuluntu lwethu. Ngokuqhelekileyo awuqhubi kakuhle esikolweni. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulele kwikhaya apho umama wakho kufuneka asebenze imisebenzi eliqela ukuze uziphilise. Usenokuba awumazi utata wakho. Awuyi kuba nemoto yodidi, okanye iimpahla ezileyibhile zomyili, kwaye awuzukuya eFransi ngempelaveki. Okanye ngakumbi, uya kuba nezihlangu ze-Nike zesimo, kwaye uya kuchitha ezo icons zesimo, kwaye awukwazi ukuhlawula ukhathalelo lwempilo. Uya kuthambekela ekutyeni kwiindawo zokutya okukhawulezayo, kwaye uthenge kwiivenkile eziluncedo. Ukuba unemoto, uya kuhlawula imali eyongezelelekileyo yepetroli, ngaphandle kokuba uya kwizikhululo zepetroli ezinexabiso eliphantsi, ezidla ngokungabikho kwiindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo zedolophu. Ukuba awunamoto, uzobe ukhwela uloliwe shame, okanye ibhasi. Kwaye awuyi kuziva ukhuselekile xa uhamba esitratweni.
Iqala emva phayaa xa wawuthe chatha emehlweni omzali wakho. Leyo ziimpembelelo zeklasi kunye nenqanaba kunye nenqanaba lentlalontle laqala ukwenza i-physiology yomzali wakho kwaye ke ibhayoloji yakho ibe nefuthe kwimpilo yakho. Elona xesha libalulekileyo lisuka ekukhawulweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emi-2.
Mhlawumbi unomsebenzi, owenza umsebenzi omele wenziwe. Wenza kakuhle. Imisebenzi enokuthi abanye bayijonge njengephantsi, enjengokusebenza njengomgcini wesakhiwo emva kweeyure zomsebenzi xa abaphathi begoduka. Okanye usenokusebenza njengomongikazi kwikhaya labalupheleyo. Okanye unokusebenza kulaa venkile ilula, okanye ube upheqa iibhega. Unokuzifumana ucinezela umsindo wakho xa umphathi edlula. Kodwa ukuba ulungile ngokwaneleyo, unokufumana isipho seKrisimesi ekupheleni konyaka. Nokuba ulungile ngokwaneleyo, ungade uphelelwe kukudodobala kwezoqoqosho okulandelayo. Okunokwenzeka kukuba, uya kuba nemisebenzi emibini okanye emithathu, yonke eyexeshana, ngaphandle kokhuseleko okanye izibonelelo. U-Alan Greenspan, usihlalo we-Federal Reserve Bank, wathetha ngokukhula koqoqosho ngeminyaka yee-1990 ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yabasebenzi ababhetyebhetye. Oko kukuthi, abasebenzi basebenzela imivuzo ephantsi kakhulu kwaye banokudekwa xa bethanda. Ndiqinisekile ukuba uya kuvuma ukuba kulungile ukuba uqoqosho lube bhetyebhetye ngolo hlobo kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akulunganga ukuba wena okanye impilo yakho uzive ungakhuselekanga.
Enye into eyenzekileyo kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo kukuba abantu abaninzi abaqhubi kakuhle eMelika. Akunjalo kuphela abantu abangenamakhaya ngaphandle kwemihlambi, kodwa intlupheko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulinganisa njani, iye yanda kakhulu ngeli xesha lempumelelo emangalisayo eMelika. Oku akuyonyani nje eMelika, kodwa kwihlabathi jikelele njengoko ndiqinisekile ukuba uyazi. Baninzi abantu abahluphekayo, isithembiso sebhayibhile sinyanisile โamahlwempu niya kuhlala ninawoโ kuphela sinokuthi amahlwempu ayakuba nani ngakumbi. Oku ngexesha lobutyebi obumangalisayo.
Ngoko ke ingongoma yam ephambili kukuba inkcubeko yentlupheko, inkcubeko yokungalingani okusingqongileyo yiyona nto inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yethu. Makhe ndiyicacise le ngcamango kancinane. Abo bakwinqanaba ngalinye loluntu ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi baya kuba nempilo yabo ixhomekeke kwindawo abame kuyo kwinqanaba lentlalo yoluntu. Okukhona uhlwempuzeka kokukhona usiba mbi ngakumbi impilo yakho xa uthelekisa nabanye.
Xa kuchazwa ngokulula kakhulu, uluntu olunomsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwabo baphezulu kunye nabo basezantsi luya kuba nempilo encinci kunoluntu apho kukho umsantsa omncinci. Ukuzekelisa oku, makhe siqwalasele impilo yaseUnited States of America, elinganiswa nobude beminyaka obuphilwa ngayo, masithi, umlinganiselo weminyaka ephilwa kweli lizwe. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu eyadlulayo, besilelona lizwe lisempilweni ehlabathini ngalo mlinganiselo. Namhlanje, kukho amazwe angama-25 asempilweni kunathi. Khawufanโ ucinge, onke amanye amazwe atyebileyo asempilweni kunathi, kwaneqela lamahlwempu. Ayingomlinganiselo nje omnye wempiloโubude bobomiโ apho siqhuba kakubi, kodwa kuwo wonke omnye umlinganiselo, xa sizilinganisa namanye amazwe. Siphila ixesha elide kodwa hayi ixesha elide njengabantu abakwamanye amazwe angama-25, onke ehlwempuzekile kunathi. Umzekelo, sinelona zinga liphezulu lokubhubha kweentsana, elona zinga liphezulu lentlupheko yabantwana, elona zinga liphezulu lokukhulelwa kolutsha, elona zinga liphezulu lokufa kokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, njalo njalo. Akukho zizalathisi apho sigqwesa khona, ngaphandle kokuchitha imali kukhathalelo lwempilo, kuba sichitha isiqingatha setyala lezempilo lilonke lilonke. Cinga ngako - ngedola nganye ehlabathini echithwe kukhathalelo lwempilo, i-50 yeesenti ichithwa apha. Ukanti abemi bethu abaphilanga kangako kunabo bakuwo onke amanye amazwe atyebileyo. Kwaye ngokungabi sempilweni, andithethi nje ukuba siphila ixesha elingakanani, kodwa kwezinye izikhombisi ezininzi zempilo, ezinje ngamazinga okukhulelwa kolutsha, njengokubulala, okanye ukuvalelwa. Inene sivalela ikota yamabanjwa ehlabathi eMelika, nto leyo ethetha into ebalulekileyo malunga nendlela esiqhubana ngayo nolwaphulo-mthetho olungephi kweli lizwe.
Kwenzeke ntoni ukuze kubangele le ntlekele inkulu? Xa sichazwa ngokulula, kungenxa yokuba siyitshintshile imithetho yeli lizwe yokuba ngubani ofumana isabelo sepayi. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu eyadlulayo, yayizezona ntsapho zihluphekayo zabona inzuzo enkulu kwingeniso. Ngoku, njengoko nisazi nonke, zizityebi kuphela kunye nezityebi kakhulu ezibona inzuzo kwingeniso, ngelixa sonke kufuneka siqinise amabhanti ethu. Oku kusenokungabonakali kulungile ekuchazeni isizathu sempilo yethu enkenenkene, eyakho neyam. Nangona kunjalo, kuyinyani, kungenxa yokuba siyitshintshile imithetho kuluntu kwaye sadala abantu abaninzi abahluphekayo kwaye yiyo loo nto impilo yakho kunye nempilo yam ingekho kakuhle njengoko inokuba njalo.
Ubuhlanga yenye indlela umsantsa osebenza ngayo ukudala impilo embi. Ubuhlanga bungumahluko kunye namandla. Abancinci bahlala bebekwe phantsi, kwaye baziva behlazekile, nokuba abacingi ngako. Izityebi zifuna ukuqhubeka nokubajongela phantsi abantu, kodwa zisebenzisa iindlela ezichuliweyo. Ukuba unokubabeka phantsi abantu, ukuba unokubenza boyike, ukuba unokubenza bafune izinto, ngoko unamandla phezu kwabo. Indoda yase-Afrika yaseMelika eHarlem ihlala ixesha elide kunendoda yaseBangladesh, elinye lawona mazwe ahlwempuzekileyo emhlabeni. Okanye ukuba umntu omnyama eWashington, DC uhlala ixesha elingaphantsi kunendoda yaseGhana, ilizwe laseNtshona Afrika.
Abasetyhini bathanda ukuba sempilweni kwaye baphile ixesha elide kunamadoda. Kananjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba apho abafazi badlala indima enkulu kubomi bezopolitiko ekuhlaleni, basempilweni ngakumbi. Eyona nto imangalisa ngakumbi yindlela ephucuka ngayo impilo yamadoda kwezo meko nangaphezu kwenzuzo yabasetyhini. Ngamanye amazwi, sonke senza ngcono apho abafazi benza ngcono, kwaye ndiqinisekile ukuba uninzi lwenu apha niyayazi loo nto.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba impilo yethu ibe mandundu kangakanani na kwamanye amazwe kule minyaka ingama-55 idlulileyo. Qwalasela ukuba, ukuba siphumelele imfazwe yesifo sentliziyo, isibetho esiza kubulala phantse isiqingatha sethu kweli gumbi, ukuba besingasenakufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ngekhe singabi lelona lizwe lisempilweni emhlabeni. Ukanti kwiminyaka engama-55 eyadlulayo, sasingomnye wabasempilweni. Umahluko ngoku kukuba siphila phantsi kweemeko ezicinezela ngakumbi, uxinezeleko olubangelwa ngumsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwezityebi kunye nathi sonke. Kwaye xa sisiya kuthenga kwi-GAP, loo venkile yomfuziselo, asiqondi nokuba le ngxaki ephambili eMelika.
Kwenzeka njani ukuba umsantsa omkhulu kuluntu lube nempilo embi kunoluntu olulinganayo. Qwalasela izinto ezimbini ezigqithileyo: uluntu olulinganayo apho wonke umntu elingana okanye engaphantsi, kunye noluhlu oluphezulu apho kukho abambalwa abazizityebi ngokumangalisayo kunye nathi sonke, abafana ne-USA. Bunjani ubomi kuluntu olulinganayo? Yintoni ubudlelwane obukhoyo kunye neemvakalelo. Ngaba bebengayi kuba ngabo bobuhlobo, inkxaso, ithemba, inkathalo, ukunceda, ukwabelana, noluntu? Ngaba loo mazwi akavakala esempilweni? Kuthekani ngenye indlela egabadeleyo, ibutho labantu abakumgangatho ophezulu? Kunjani phakathi kwabemi abanjalo? Ewe, abo baphezulu ngobutyebi banamandla kwaye banokulawula, banyanzele kwaye banyanzelise abo bangaphantsi kwabo ukuba benze izinto. Abanye bethu bayarhoxa emsebenzini nakwindima yethu, kodwa bazive bethotyiwe kwaye behlazekile. Ihlazo yimvakalelo ebalulekileyo emsebenzini. Akukho nanye kwezi mvakalelo ezifana nehlazo okanye ubudlelwane bamandla kunye nolawulo oluvakala lusempilweni, akunjalo? Kodwa kumazwe afana ne-USA, ezi zezona ndlela zisebenzayo, nangona sicinga ukuba sonke sikumgangatho ophakathi kukho umsantsa osoloko ukhula phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu apha. Kuluntu olunomsantsa omkhulu, abo bangasentla babeka phantsi abo bangezantsi, kwaye oku kuhambelana nobuninzi bobundlobongela kuluntu kwaye kunceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni sinokubulawa okungaka. ICosta Rica ngumzekelo welizwe elikufutshane elinokulingana okuhle, kwaye nangona lihlwempuzeke kakhulu kune-US, linempilo kunathi. ICanada ngomnye umzekelo, ummelwane wethu ongasentla, onempilo kakhulu kune-USA. Umzekelo wokugqibela yiCuba, ilizwe esele silikrwitshe iminyaka engama-44 ngezohlwayo zorhwebo kunye nokuthotywa kwemiqathango. ICuba isempilweni njengoko sinjalo, nangona kunjalo, okanye mhlawumbi ngenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo yethu.
Khawucinge ngelona lizwe lisempilweni emhlabeni, iJapan. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu eyadlulayo xa sasilelona lizwe lisempilweni ehlabathini, kanye emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, iJapan yayinempilo enganeno xa ithelekiswa namanye amazwe kunanamhlanje. Ukanti i-USA yalinika iyeza elalilidinga ukuze libe lelona lizwe lisempilweni kwihlabathi ngo-1978. Iyeza lamiselwa ngoyena gqirha wezempilo ubalaseleyo owakha waphila, uNjengele Douglas MacArthur. Iyeza elalisetyenziswa ngexesha lokuhlala kwethu kwelo lizwe ukusuka ngo-1945 ukuya kutsho ngo-1950 lalinezithako ezi-3 kwaye ndiza kuzihlolisisa apha. Eyokuqala yaba kukugxothwa emkhosini. IJapan yayingavunyelwa ukuba ibe nomkhosi. Isithako sesibini yayiyidemokhrasi, njengoko uMacArthur wabhala umgaqo-siseko welizwe, ebonelela ngedemokhrasi emele ummeli, imfundo yasimahla yehlabathi, ilungelo lemibutho yabasebenzi lokuququzelela nokuzibandakanya kwiingxoxo ezidityanelweyo, kunye nelungelo lomntu wonke lobomi obundilisekileyo. I-D yesithathu yayiyi-decentralization, njengoko i-MacArthur yaphula i-zaibatsu ye-11 yentsapho eyayiqhuba iinkampani ezinkulu ezilawula ilizwe. Wamisela umvuzo omkhulu kwilizwe elilingana ne-4333 yeedola zase-US. Ukwaqhube neyona nkqubo iyimpumelelo yokubuyiselwa komhlaba kwimbali. Le nto iyenzileyo kukuthoba ulawulo lwezoqoqosho, kunye nenqanaba lokudlala. Ukunyuka kwempilo okubangelwa kokona kukhawuleza kwakha kwabonwa kwiplanethi.
IJapan ibonisa imiba enomdla malunga nempilo yabemi. Amadoda aseJapan atshaya awona mazwe atyebileyo. Ukanti ngabona bantu basempilweni emhlabeni. Kubonakala ngathi ungatshaya eJapan kwaye ubaleke kuyo. Asikuko ukuba ukutshaya kulungile kuwe, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto, akubi kangako. Ukutshaya kubi kakhulu kuwe e-US kunokuba kunjalo kumaJapan aseJapan, apho umsantsa phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu ungaphantsi kakhulu. Ngoko ke ndixelela abantu ukuba ukuba bafuna ukutshaya mabazalelwe eJapan. Ngokufanayo, ayisiyiyo inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo yaseJapan enoxanduva lwempilo yayo emangalisayo. Nabani na oye wajonga inkqubo yakhe uya kukuxelela ukuba akukho nto ingako yokubhala ekhaya. Ndikhe ndathetha ngaphambili malunga neelebhile zomyili, kwaye ukuba uyaphonononga, uya kufumanisa ukuba wonke umntu waseJapan uthengisa kwiivenkile zabayili kwaye uthenge imifanekiso yeGucci. Leyo yinto ephambili, wonke umntu uyazinxiba. E-USA, wonke umntu uyazifuna, kwaye ngumahluko lowo. IJapan luluntu olukhathalayo nolwabelanayo olukhathalela wonke umntu kwaye lubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho.
Makhe ndinike uluvo lwam ngoku malunga nokuba kutheni i-Hispanics inempilo engcono e-USA kunabamhlophe abangengabo base-Hispanic. Inento yokwenza nenkxaso abanikela ngayo omnye komnye nobomi babo bentsapho eyomeleleyo obuchasa imiphumo emibi yomsantsa nobuhlwempu babo. Kuninzi okuye kwabhalwa ngoku kubizwa ngokuba yiHispanic Paradox. Ndaye ndaziqonda izizathu ngokubonakalisa izigulane ze-Hispanic endizibona kwi-ER. Andizange ndibone esinye isigulana sase-Hispanic. Kusoloko kukho iqela labantu elidibene. Kuya kufuneka ndihambe ndiyokukhangela ukuba ngubani umguli, kuba wonke umntu uyeza ukuza kunika inkxaso. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ndibona umntu omhlophe elele ezibhijabhija eyedwa. Ngoko sinokugqiba ukuba luhlobo lobudlelwane bengqondo, inkxaso abantu abanayo kunye nabanikela ngayo kuluntu, olujongene nempilo yabo njengoluntu, kunayo nayiphi na enye into.
Ke kwenzeka ntoni eMelika ukuzisa ukwehla kwempilo yethu? Sitshintshe imithetho eMelika ethatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani ofumana isabelo sepayi. Sithatha isigqibo sokuba sizichithe phi na iidola zerhafu, sithatha njani isigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kurhafisa kunye nokuba yimalini, sigqiba njani ukuxhasa uphando olusisiseko nophuhliso. Indlela esigqiba ngayo ukunika inkxaso-mali kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zoluntu lwethu. Endaweni yokuzama ukwenza imithetho ilingane nebala lokudlala, siye sagqiba ekubeni sivumele izityebi zibe nokuxhakamfula kangangoko zinako, kwaye siya kukuvuyela ukwabelana ngeimvuthuluka. Ndithi siya kuvuya, kuba xa ubuza abaninzi ukuba ngaba uninzi lwabantu baseMelika ukuba baziva ngathi izityebi kufuneka bafumane okuninzi njengoko benzayo, uya kufumana impendulo efana nale: โNgokuqinisekileyo izityebi zifanelekile kuba zisebenza nzima. , yaye babhetele kunathiโ okanye into enjengale โewe ndithanda ukuba kubekho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu, kuba ngenye imini ndiya kuyibetha ibe sisityebi yaye ndifuna ukuba nayo yonke ngoko.โ
Siye sakhohliswa ukuba sikholelwe kwiPhupha laseMelika, i-rags ukuya kwintsomi yobutyebi, amabali eHoratio Algier, apho ukuba sisebenza nzima ngokwaneleyo sinokufikelela nantoni na esiyifunayo. Iphupha laseMelika, manene nani madoda, liphupha elibi. Phakathi kwawo onke amazwe afundwayo, sinepesenti ephantsi yabantu abayenzayo, ngengqiqo yokusuka kwi-rags ukuya kubutyebi, nokuba kwisizukulwana esinye okanye ezibini. Oko koko iingcali zezoqoqosho ezifunde ngalo mboniso.
Kwaye ixabiso esilihlawulayo ngokukholelwa kwi-American Dream, ndithi, ixabiso lokugqibela. Oko kukuthi, mna nawe sifa sisebancinci kunokuba sifuna, sincinci kakhulu kangangokuba silingana nokuphumelela kwimfazwe yesifo sentliziyo. Umongameli wethu, uthetha ngerhafu yezindlu njengerhafu yokufa, kwaye ngenene kufuneka ibizwe ngokuba yiRhafu yokuNqanda ukuFa, kuba inceda ukucutha umsantsa kancinci kwaye ithintele ukufa. Njengoko etyikitya ukucuthwa kwerhafu ngakumbi kwizityebi zibe ngumthetho, kufuneka anyaniseke kwaye akuxelele ukuba eli lixabiso elincinci lokuhlawula ukuhlala kweli lizwe lityebileyo nelinamandla kwimbali yehlabathi, oko kukuthi, uhlala usempilweni encinci kwaye ufe umncinci kakhulu kunoko. kufuneke u. Kodwa izityebi ziyayixabisa, yonke indlela eya ebhankini. Into nabangayaziyo kukuba nabo babhubha bebancinci kunabo ngokuhlala kweli lizwe.
Ke ukuba siza kubuza umbuzo ochanekileyo okwangoku, inokuba yinto ehambelana nemigca ethi "kwenzeke ntoni, sizivumele njani izinto ukuba zifike kweli nqanaba?" Ibali lethu liqala ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini. Yayilixesha elinzima kwihlabathi, nakubantu baseMelika. Saphulukana nobomi abaninzi kolo ngquzulwano, yaye abantu abaninzi babandezeleka bengafanga ngenxa yemfazwe. Ngoko kwakucingwa ukuba abantu abanjalo bafuna ukunyanyekelwa. Oyena mdala phakathi kwenu unokukhumbula iimali-mboleko zeGI, imali-mboleko yezindlu, amatyala emfundo avumela oogqirha bezilwanyana ukuba baye esikolweni. Indlela yethu yerhafu yayahluke kakhulu ngelo xesha. Xa kuthelekiswa nanamhlanje, abantu abazizityebi bahlawula ngaphezulu kwe-90% kwingeniso yabo ephezulu endaweni ye-35% namhlanje. Izinga lerhafu kwicandelo lomvuzo osezantsi lihleli limalunga nama-25% kulo lonke eli xesha. Ngoko ke izityebi ziye zathabatha ngokulinganayo amakhaya ngaphezu kwethu sonke. Kwaye umsantsa uyakhula.
Emva kweMfazwe yesiBini yeHlabathi, amashishini ethu kunye nemizi-mveliso aqhube kakuhle kakhulu, ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, kwaye asebenza ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kweYurophu. Babenandipha ingeniso ephezulu kwingeniso. Babevuya. Kodwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960 nangoo-1970, iingeniso zabo zehla ngenxa yokhuphiswano oluvela eJapan nolunye uqoqosho lwaseMpuma Asia olwaqala ngokunyaniseka ngoko. Ngo-1940, iinkampani zahlawula i-40% ye-bill tax bill. Kodwa ngokuhla kweengeniso, bakwazi ukufuna irhafu ephantsi, kanye njengokuba izityebi zenza, ngoko ngo-1960 bahlawula i-26% ye-bill tax bill. Kodwa ngenxa yokuhla kweengeniso ezingakumbi, babefuna nangakumbi izixa-mali zikarhulumente, kwaye ke ngo-1990 babehlawula i-13% yentlawulo yerhafu yomanyano. Bakonwabele noncedo olukhulu lukarhulumente, ngamanye amazwi irhafu ebesiyibhatala ibingena koovimba babo ngeendlela ezininzi ekunokwenzeka ukuba uziqhelile apha. Ngokuqinisekileyo izityebi nabanamandla baye bafuna into enye kuphela kwimbali, kwaye yiyo yonke into. Ngoko ngo-2002, kulo nyaka uphelileyo, amaqumrhu ahlawula kuphela i-7% yentlawulo yerhafu yomanyano. Njengoko uGreg Palast esitsho, sineyona mali ingcono yedemokhrasi esinokuyithenga, kwaye ke ezi nkampani zityebileyo zizithengela ikhefu lerhafu kunye noncedo olukhulu lukarhulumente ngokuxhasa ngemali into ebizwa ngokuba yidemokhrasi.
Enye indlela yokujonga oku kukuba sihlawula malini ii-CEO zethu โ iintloko zamaqumrhu ethu. Ngowe-1980, sabahlawula ngokuphindwe kangangama-40 kunoko umntu okwinqanaba lokungena. Ngo-1999, babehlawulwa ngokuphindwe kayi-478 kunoko kwenziwa ngumsebenzi okwinqanaba lokungena, kwaye ngo-2001, kwiinkampani ze-Fortune 100, i-CEO yenze iwaka eliphindwe kangangomsebenzi wenqanaba lokungena. Ukuba sibuza ukuba yintoni umvuzo ophezulu e-US, malunga ne-$ 150,000 ngeyure, kwaye lo mntu ufumene i-10,000 yeedola ngeyure yokunyuswa komvuzo kunyaka ongaphambili, ngelixa inkampani yakhe iqhuba kakubi kwaye ixabiso lesitokhwe lehla nge-67%. Njengoko sithetha eMelika, umsebenzi omhle ukuba unokuwufumana, kwaye ungawufumana ukuba uyazama. Ngoku eKhanada, ummelwane wethu osempilweni kakhulu ukuya emantla, i-CEO / ikhefu lomvuzo wabasebenzi lingamashumi amabini ananye, ngelixa eJapan, elona lizwe lisempilweni emhlabeni, lishumi elinanye ukuya kwelinye. Kwimeko yokudodobala koqoqosho lwakutshanje eJapan, benza ntoni abaphathi nabaphathi? Ukudenda abasebenzi kwaye kunyuswe imivuzo? Akunjalo, bathabatha imivuzo yabo kunokuba bagxothe abasebenzi. Ayisiyonto eyenziwa yi-CEO zethu. Bagxotha abasebenzi abangama-40,000 kwaye bazinike ibhonasi yokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku akulunganga kwimpilo yethu!
Ukuba iinkampani zazihlawula i-40% yentlawulo yerhafu kwaye ngoku zihlawula kuphela i-7%, iphuma phi enye? Jonga esipilini. Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1950, abasebenzi baye bahlawula ngokulinganayo iirhafu ezininzi kunezityebi. Kwaye namhlanje umnyinyiva werhafu kwizityebi, inkwenkwe izityebi ngokwenene ubuhlungu kwaye kufuneka isiqabu kwirhafu, ngumzekelo wamva nje. Njengomzekelo, ndiqinisekile ukuba nonke kweli gumbi nihlawule irhafu yengeniso engaphezulu kunomqeshi wethu omkhulu eWashington State ngo-1995. Nonke nihlawule irhafu engaphezulu kuneyayihlawulwa nguBoeing ngo-1995. Oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokuba nifumene okanye I-$ 33 yezigidi zetyala lerhafu ngaloo nyaka. Ngamanye amazwi, sihlawule i-Boeing, wena kunye nam sahlawula i-Boeing, i-33 yezigidi zeedola njengetyala labo lerhafu ngaloo nyaka.
Yinto enye ukuthetha ngengeniso, intlawulo yokugodusa, leyo nonke niyiqhelileyo. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo zii-asethi, ubutyebi. Khumbula, uhleli kwii-asethi zakho. Umsantsa kubutyebi ulinyala ngakumbi kunomsantsa womvuzo. Abona bazizityebi ekhulwini banempahla ephantse ibe yi-80% kweli lizwe. Esona sityebi siphantse sibe sisiqingatha. Ngoko ke akukho nto ingako iseleyo kum nawe. Enyanisweni, ukusuka ku-1983 ukuya ku-1995, ama-40% eentsapho ezisezantsi eMelika zilahlekelwe yimpahla. Umqamelo ophantsi kwakho waba nzima ukuhlala kuwo ngelo xesha.
Kwangaxeshanye, senze konke esinako ukwenza ubomi bubi ngakumbi kubasebenzi. Njengoko benditshilo, sinciphise inkxaso-mali yezindlu zamaxabiso aphantsi, siphosa izigidi esitratweni. Siyicuthile inkxaso-mali yezikolo zikarhulumente ngesiphumo sokuba abafundi bethu bafumane amanqaku amabi kuthelekiso lovavanyo lwempumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe. Senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukutshabalalisa intsapho, kwangaxeshanye sishumayela imilinganiselo yentsapho. Sineyona pesenti iphakamileyo yamakhaya anomntu omnye kuwo onke amazwe atyebileyo kunye nenani elikhulu labantwana abakhuliswa kwiintsapho ezinomzali omnye. Bekuya kuba kuhle ukuba umzali ebekhona ukuze akhulise umntwana, kodwa endaweni yoko sinyanzela umzali ukuba asebenze kwimisebenzi eliqela enemivuzo ephantsi, engakhuselekanga, aze ashiye umntwana ekhulisa ezingcuka. Uhlolisiso luye lwabonisa eSweden ukuba ukukhuliswa kwintsapho enomzali omnye kuyingozi kwimpilo yomntwana. Abantwana abanjalo abapheleli nje ekuguleni, bachithe iintsuku ezininzi ezibhedlele, kwaye babe neengxaki ezininzi zokuziphatha, bakwanayo nokufa okuphezulu. Ngamanye amazwi, kwilizwe elinjengeSweden, elinenkxaso yezentlalo ongazange uyicinge eUnited States, abantwana abakhuliswa kumakhaya anomzali omnye bafa ngakumbi. Ngoba? Ewe, njengoko benditshilo, eSweden, ayikuko ukuba la makhaya akananto yaneleyo. Kodwa umama akakho ukuze anike ixesha nomntwana, kwaye ekugqibeleni yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuze ubuntwana bukhokelele kwimpilo njengomntu omdala, ukunamathela ngokukhuselekileyo kumzali yinto eyomeleleyo, ekhuthaza impilo. Ibalulekile iyeza lokuthintela. Mhlawumbi owona mba ubalulekileyo wokhathalelo lwempilo esinokuthi silwenze. Kodwa uClinton wagqiba kwelokuba aphelise intlalontle njengoko sisazi, kwaye abantwana bethu bahlawula ixabiso ngempilo yabo enkenenkene kunye nethuba elikhulu lokuphelela ebhokisini. Ukuba ungumama ongatshatanga nceda ungacingi ukuba ndizama ukwenza ukuba uzive unetyala ngokwenza oko ngokucebisa ukuba umntwana wakho akayi kwenza kakuhle njengokuba utshatile. Unyana wam, ngoku oneminyaka engama-21 ubudala, akazange akhulele kwintsapho enabazali ababini yaye ndinqwenela ukuba bekungenjalo, njengoko ndicinga ukuba ebeya kuba sempilweni ngakumbi. Kodwa izizathu zokuba iintsapho zohlukane ngokwezopolitiko nakwezoqoqosho, kwaye zinokutshintshwa. Kodwa uninzi lwethu lunokucinga ukuba kubandakanyeke izizathu zobuqu. Nangona oku kuyinyaniso kumntu ngamnye, kukusekwa koluntu okubangela ukuba kwenzeke kwaye kusinceda siqonde isizathu sokuba ukuqhawuka kweentsapho kube yinto eqhelekileyo.
Ngamanye amazwi, kule minyaka ingama-55 idlulileyo siyitshintshe kakhulu imithetho yokuba ngubani ofumana isabelo sepayi eUnited States of America. Kwimpilo yethu, eyakho neyam, kunye neyezityebi, kufuneka sizitshintshe kwakhona, ukuze sonke sifumane amaqhekeza alinganayo epayi.
Ukushwankathela kweli nqanaba. Ubuhlwempu buyingozi kwimpilo yakho. Ubuhlwempu obunxulumeneyo, ukuhlala kuluntu olukhulu olunomsantsa, yeyona nxalenye imbi yobuhlwempu. Intlupheko ayisosixa esithile sempahla, kodwa luhlobo oluthile lokuthelekisa abo banezinto ezininzi kunye nabo bancinci. Ukuba umsantsa phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu umncinci, ngoko ke uthelekiso esilwenzayo luthambile. Xa ibala lokudlala lingaphezulu, kulula ukudlala. Kuko oku okusesikweni, ukuphepha ukuba nenxalenye enye yoluntu ethwele wonke umthwalo kodwa ungavuni nanye kwiingenelo.
Yintoni ke esinokuyenza ngale nto? Njengoko benditshilo, ndifunda lukhulu ngokuzithelekisa nabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Ndothukile kukufunda ukuba sinawona manani asezantsi abavoti kuzo zonke iidemokhrasi. Ngamanye amazwi, bambalwa abantu abavotayo kweli lizwe kunayo nayiphi na enye idemokhrasi. Kulonyulo lokugqibela lwaseQonce kuphela yi-29% yabavoti abavotileyo. Ngubani ongavoti unokubuza? Impendulo: abancinci kunye nabo banomvuzo omncinci. Yicinge. Abantu abahluphekayo abavoti. Ukuba abavoti, akukho mfuneko yokuba kubekho imigaqo-nkqubo exhasa abo banengeniso encinane, kwaye umongameli anganciphisa izenzo zakhe ukuba zixhamle abavoti, oko kukuthi izityebi. Yiyo loo nto sinesiqabu serhafu kwizityebi, isiphelo serhafu yokufa ethi ixhamle abantu abazizityebi kuphela, kunye nezipho zikaEnron, iBechtel kunye neHaliburton phakathi kwabanye. Kufuneka siwave amazwi ethu!
Ngaba ikho inkokeli ephambili ekhe yatsalela ingqalelo kwinto yokuba abasebenzi abavoti, yaza yazama ukubakhuthaza ukuba bavote, okanye bayila iinkqubo zokufumana abantu abahluphekayo babandakanyeke ngakumbi kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi? Akunjalo, kutheni befuna ukuzidubula enyaweni. Ke, hayi, iinkokeli zakho azizukukhathalela iimfuno zakho, ngaphandle kokuba uzinyanzele ukuba zenze njalo. Abazi kulwenza usuku lokuvota lube yiholide, njengoko kunjalo kwamanye amazwe atyebileyo. Abazukwenza kube lula ukubhalisela ukuvota. Kwaye baya kuqhubeka benemithetho engabandakanyi abantu abafana nabenzi bobubi ekuvoteni. Izityebi azizidenge. Abantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi abasosidenge nabo, kodwa baye badangele kwaye bacinga ukuba ivoti yabo ayibaleki.
Abanye benu basenokukhumbula ii-1960s xa udushe lwenzeka kwizixeko ezingaphakathi eMelika, kwakukho intshukumo yemfazwe echasene neVietnam, kwaye intshukumo yamalungelo oluntu yayiguquguquka ngokupheleleyo. Iinkokeli zelizwe elikhululekileyo zabona ukuba le yingxaki yedemokhrasi. I-Trilateral Commission ipapashe incwadi esihloko sithi, iCrisis of Democracy nalapho baveze ukuba ukuba abantu baqhubeleka nokuthathela ezandleni zabo le ngxaki, iyakuba luqhubekeko lobu bunzima. Babhala ngeengxaki xa unedemokhrasi egqithisileyo. Ngoko ke i-Trilateral Commission yabeka amanyathelo ekufanele siwathathe ukunqanda oku kugqithise kwedemokhrasi, kwaye oku kuye kwalandelwa ukuze sibe nengxaki ekhoyo yokungabikho kwabavoti, kodwa akukho ngxaki.
Izinto ziya kutshintsha xa sisebenzisana ngokuthanda kwethu, hayi izityebi. Kufuneka sithi HAYI kwezinye izinikezelo ezinikwa izityebi. Banento eyaneleyo, kwaye abayidingi ngaphezulu, nangona nanini na ndikunye noogqirha abazizityebi, konke abakwenzayo kukuthetha ngendlela abafuna ngayo imali eninzi. Izityebi zihlala zinjalo, emva kokungaphezulu.
Ukuba amahlwempu alungelelanise, ukuba abasebenzi bahlangene, bekuya kuba yinto yokutshintsha izinto. Ngapha koko amahlwempu kunye nabasebenzi ngabona baninzi kweli lizwe. Ukuba uyayikhumbula loo nto, ukuba uyaqaphela ukuba ekuphela kwento ekufuneka uyenzile kukuthetha phakathi kwenu ngezi ngcinga, ukuthetha kwaye niqalise ukuvakalisa iimfuno zenu, kwaye nityhale imigaqo-nkqubo ebuyisela iwonga ababenalo abantu babasebenzi eMelika ngaphambi kokuba sinikele. konke kude kwizityebi, ke impilo yethu iya kuqala ukuphucuka xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe.
Kufuneka silolonge ihlabathi elidala amava obomi bethu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, silolonge impilo yethu. Eli ayingomhlaba wamathuba alinganayo. Ngaphandle kokuba ukholelwa ukuba abantu abambalwa bazalelwa ukukhwela ngelixa uninzi lwethu luzalelwe ukuhlaliswa, luphawu lokuba ithuba lingaphantsi kokulingana. Inye kuphela indlela yokuphuma endiyaziyo kuthi thina bahleli iisali namhlanje, kukulahla ezosali, sileqe abakhweli sibabeke endaweni yabo. Sibadlula kakhulu abo bakhweli. Ukusebenza kunye nokuququzelela ithemba lethu lokuphucula impilo yethu njengesizwe. Kufuneka sibuyise ingxaki yedemokhrasi.
Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abafana nani nihlangene namhlanje kunye nabo nibathethela, abo bazizityebi, abo basebenzayo, ngoogqirha bezempilo beli lizwe. Ningabantu ekufuneka nibabhalele iyeza eliya kufumana i-asethi eninzi ezandleni zabantwana benu, eliya kwandisa irhafu kwizityebi, eliya kudiliza amandla eenkampani, eliya kubuyisela amandla ekusebenzeni, oko banike izibonelelo kwabo bazidingayo kunabo sele benemali eninzi kakhulu. Indlela yokulwa nemali ehleliweyo kunye nabantu abahlelekile.
YayinguMahatma Gandhi owathi Okokuqala abakuhoyi; emva koko bayakuhleka; emva koko balwe nawe; emva koko uphumelele. Kwaye uMartin Luther King Omnci. wathi โImfesane yokwenyani ingaphezulu kokuphosa ingqekembe kumngqibi; siye sibone ukuba isakhiwo esivelisa abangqibi sifuna ukulungiswa kwakhona.โ
Ndithethile ngoGqirha MacArthur, oyena gqirha wezempilo wabemi abaninzi. Wena ngaphandle ungalawula iMacArthur Medicine, khumbula izithako ezithathu: ii-D ezintathu zokususa umkhosi, idemokhrasi kunye nokwabelwa amagunya-ukwehlisa iiWalmarts. Sinokuthatha iyeza elifanayo nesalinika iJapan, oko kukuthi, sinokuthatha amayeza ethu, okanye sinokucela iJapan ukuba isinike lona.
Ndiza kugqiba ngokufunda umbongo
INDLELA ENGAPHANTSI
NguMarge Piercy
Yintoni abanokuyenza kuwe? Nantoni na abayifunayo. Bangakuseta, bangakugqobhoza, bakophule iminwe, bangatshisa ingqondo yakho ngombane, bakwenze ube mnyama ngeziyobisi ude ungakwazi ukuhamba, ungakhumbuli, bangathatha umntwana wakho, baphakamise udonga lwakho. isithandwa. Banokwenza nantoni na ongenakubathintela ukuba bayenze. ungazinqanda njani? Uwedwa, ungalwa, ungala, ungaphindezela nantoni na onokuyenza kodwa bayakuqengqeleka.
Kodwa abantu ababini abasilwa ngasemva banokunqumla ihlokondiba, ifayile yokudanisa iinyoka inokwaphula intambo, umkhosi unokuhlangana nomkhosi.
Abantu ababini banokugcinana engqondweni, banokunika inkxaso, ukukholelwa, uthando, ukuphulula, ithemba, isondo. Bathathu abantu abathunywa, ikomiti, i-wedge. Ngezine ungadlala ibhulorho kwaye uqale umbutho. Ngezintandathu ungarenta indlu yonke, utye ipayi ngesidlo sangokuhlwa ngaphandle kwemizuzwana, kwaye ubambe itheko lokunyusa ingxowa-mali. Ishumi elinesibini lenza umboniso. Ikhulu lizalise iholo. Iwaka linomanyano kunye nencwadana yakho yeendaba: ishumi lamawaka, amandla kunye nephepha lakho: ikhulu lamawaka, imidiya yakho; izigidi ezilishumi, ilizwe lakho.
Iqhubeka enye ngexesha, iqala xa ukhathalele ukwenza, iqala xa uyenza kwakhona emva kokuba bathi hayi, iqala xa usithi WE kwaye uyazi ukuba uthetha bani, kwaye suku ngalunye uthetha enye ngaphezulu.
Enkosi.
UStephen Bezruchka MD, uMPH uMhlohli oMkhulu: INkqubo yezeMpilo yeZizwe ngeZizwe iSebe leeNkonzo zezeMpilo kwiSikolo soLuntu lwezeMpilo kunye neYunivesithi yaseWashington Box 357660 Seattle, Washington 98195-3576, (206) 932-4928, Fax (206)685-4184 [imeyile ikhuselwe]
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