UCaptain Willard: Bandixelele, ukuba uphambene ngokupheleleyo kwaye uh, ukuba iindlela zakho azilungile.
UColonel Kurtz: Ngaba iindlela zam azilunganga?
UCaptain Willard: Andiboni nayiphi na indlela, Mhlekazi.
Apocalypse Ngoku
Inye into ehlala ingaguquguquki kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo
Ngaphandle kokhathalelo lweziphumo, i
Xa umntu onesizathu edityaniswe nepolisi kwaye usekwe kuyo
Udumo lukaHekmatyar lwasekwa emva phayaa ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960 njengomfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo xa waye wajoyina i-People's Democratic Party yase-Afghanistan (PDPA) emva koko waya kwisikolo somkhosi sase-Mahtab Qala e.
U-Hekmatyar udibene no-Ahmad Shah Massoud's Jamaat-e-Islami (Iqela lamaSilamsi) kwisicwangciso sasePakistan esiyilwe liCandelo labo le-Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) ukumisa uzinzo.
I-Hekmatyar yayiza kuqhubeka nokuba sisithandwa se-arhente kwaye ifumane ubuninzi be-US kunye noncedo lwase-Saudi oluza kumlo ochasene neSoviet Union, kubandakanya nokuzimela kwimijukujelwa ye-Stinger. Nangona intandokazi ye-ISI kunye ne-CIA, ukuba semthethweni kwe-Hekmatyar njengomlweli, ukusebenza kwakhe, ukunyaniseka kwakhe kunye neenjongo zakhe zaphakamisa amathandabuzo kumbutho weendaba waseMelika wasePeshawar. Ngokutsho kwe-CBS News stringer Kurt Lohbeck kwincwadi yakhe, Imfazwe Engcwele, Uloyiso Olungangcwele, Udumo lukaHekmatyar yayiliqhinga elicacileyo elaqulunqwa yiCIA kunye nePakistan ISI yasePakistan ukufumana inkxaso yeCongressional yeMujahideen, kunye nokunye okuncinci. โUGulbuddin wayengenambutho wokulwa osebenzayo. Wayengenaye nomphathi omnye owayenodumo lwasemkhosini ngokulwa neeSoviets okanye urhulumente wase-Afghan. Wenza umanyano kunye namagosa aphezulu omkhosi wolawulo. Kwaye wabulala uninzi lwabaphathi beMujahiddin. Ukanti urhulumente waseUnited States kunye neearhente ezifihlakeleyo bezisenza konke okusemandleni ukuguqula obo buxoki bube yinyani.โ
Indoda ubukhulu becala inoxanduva lokurhweba ngeziqinisekiso ezithandabuzekayo zikaHekmatyar ukuya eWashington yayiyiNkongolo yaseTexas uCharlie Wilson, owayefakwe izihlangu ngononophelo kwizikhundla zobuchule kuzo zombini iKomiti yoLwabiwo lweNdlu kunye neKomiti eSisigxina eKhethekileyo yezoBukrelekrele yingqungquthela yaseRiphabhlikhi yaseWyoming, uDick Cheney. Emva kwemfazwe echasene neSoviets, igama likaHekmatyar alizange limsindise xa ukusilela kwakhe ukuseka urhulumente onobuhlobo wasePakistan eKabul waphulukana nenkxaso yeSaudi kunye neMelika. Kodwa ngelixa impembelelo yaseMelika iqhubela phambili kwi-Taliban, i-Hekmatyar yaqhubeka ifuna inkxaso kunye nokubuyela emandleni ngokufumana indawo yokukhosela yezopolitiko e-Iran, izama ukujoyina i-Al Qaeda kunye nokusika izivumelwano kunye neTaliban.
Ephawulwe ukufa yi-CIA emva kohlaselo lwase-US e-Afghanistan ngo-2001, uHekmatyar wasinda kuhlaselo lwe-Predator Drone ngoMeyi ka-2002 kodwa waqhubeka nokuhlanganisa abalweli beTaliban ngokuchasene ne-United States kunye nemikhosi yomanyano. NgoFebruwari 19, 2003 zombini iSebe leLizwe lase-United States kunye nonondyebo wase-United States babhengeza i-Hekmatyar "njengobugrogrisi behlabathi."
Ngokwengxelo ngoku ihambelana neTaliban, isiseko samandla seHekmatyar sihlala kumaphondo akufutshane neKabul kunye neepokotho ezisasazekileyo zoluntu lwasePastun emantla nakumantla-mpuma.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweleyibhile yakhe yokuba ngumgrogrisi kunye nomrhwebi omkhulu weziyobisi, iqela lakhe le-Hesb-i-Islami lixhase isicelo sika-Hamid Karzai sonyulo lonyulo lwe-20 ka-Agasti ka-2009 kwaye ngoku kuthiwa ubanjwe ngummeli okhethekileyo e-Afghanistan nasePakistan uRichard Holbrooke. ngethemba lokumrhwebesha kubudlelwane norhulumente wase-Afghan.
Njengoko ijijekile njengenkxaso yokuqala yase-US ye-extremism yamaSilamsi inokubonakala namhlanje ilandela iziganeko ze-9/11 kwaye phantse iminyaka eyi-9 yemfazwe, uluvo lokuba i-Hekmatyar inokuthi ngandlela ithile iphinde ibe kuluhlu lokuya kuluhlu lwaseMelika njengomesiya onokubakho eWashington udlulela ngaphaya. ibala lokucinga okunengqiqo nakwindawo kaColonel Kurtz. Ukuxhobisa i-Hekmatyar โnjengendlelaโ yokudodobalisa i-Afghanistan ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1970, ubuncinci, โibingekho ngqiqweni.โ Ukumbuyisela kwisikhundla samandla kunye nempembelelo eKabul njengendlela yokusombulula ingxaki yase-Afghan ekhulayo yaseMelika ibonisa ukuba le ndlela iyageza. Okanye, ngamazwi kaCaptain Willard, "Andiboni nayiphi na indlela konke konke."
U-Paul Fitzgerald kunye no-Elizabeth Gould, iqela lomyeni nenkosikazi, baqala amava abo e-Afghanistan xa babezintatheli zokuqala zaseMelika ukufumana imvume yokungena ngasemva kwemigca yeSoviet ngo-1981 kwi-CBS News kwaye bavelisa umboniso, Afghanistan Between Three Worlds, ye-PBS. Ngo-1983 babuyela eKabul kunye nomlawuli weprojekthi yoThethathethwano lweHarvard uRoger Fisher we-ABC Nightline kwaye waba negalelo kwi-MacNeil/Lehrer News Hour. Baqhubeka nophando, ukubhala kunye nentetho malunga nexesha elide elikhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwe-US e-Afghanistan. Baboniswa kuxwebhu oluphumelele ibhaso nguSamira Goetschel. Inesihloko, Owethu uBin Laden waBucala elandelela ukudalwa kwentsomi ka-Osama bin Laden e-Afghanistan kunye nendlela loo mythology isetyenziswe ngayo ukugcina indlela "yemfazwe yoloyiko" yolawulo lukaBush. Imbali engabonakaliyo: Imbali yase-Afghanistan yase-Afghanistan epapashwe yiCity Lights, ichaza ukugxila kwabo kwiminyaka elishumi emithathu e-Afghanistan nakumajelo eendaba. Ngolwazi kwisiza seWebhu yezibane zesiXeko: www.citylights.com
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela