Njengoko iphulo lika-Edward Snowden lokufuna indawo yokukhosela yezopolitiko lidlala njengendawo yokusukela ikati kunye nempuku yehlabathi, abakhuseli bomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe bathi i-US ibamba intlondi njengoko isokola ukufumana nokufumana ilungelo lokugcina impempe ye-NSA eneminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
Nangona engaziwa ukuba uphi na ngoMvulo, abaxhasi baka-Snowden bathi urhulumente wase-US usukela umntu ovunyiweyo we-NSA-kunye nokulungiswa kwemithombo yeendaba kuye hayi ulwazi alunike uluntu lwehlabathi malunga "nenkqubo enkulu yokujonga kwihlabathi liphela" - yeyona nto ifanele ukubakhathaza abo baxhalabele ubumfihlo, umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkululeko yoluntu.
"I-US yenza yonke into enokuyenza ukuphazamisa iinzame zika-Snowden zokufumana indawo yokukhosela]," utshilo uMichael Ratner, umongameli weZiko lamaLungelo oMgaqo-siseko kunye negqwetha elinobuchule kumthetho wezizwe ngezizwe, ngexesha lokufowunelwa kweentatheli ngoMvulo. . "Baxhaphaza amazwe kwihlabathi liphela, nalapho bengenaso isiseko sokwenza njalo... Baxhatshazwa ngokusisiseko ukuze bafumane u-Ed Snowden anikezelwe eUnited States apho anokutshutshiswa khona."
Ukubuyisela umva ngokuchasene neengxelo zikarhulumente ezichaza u-Snowden "njengesaphuli-mthetho" "njengomngcatshi" okanye "umbaleki wobulungisa," uRatner uthe umpempe "akangombaleki nangayiphi na indlela yegama" kwaye kukho "isiseko esibalulekileyo nesisemthethweni sika-Ed. Isicelo sika-Snowden sokufuna indawo yokukhosela" phesheya.
Ukuphendula kwizimvo ezenziwe nguNobhala Welizwe laseMelika uJohn Kerry kunye ne-White House elumkisa amanye amazwe ukuba anikezele nge-Snowden, umsunguli we-Wikileaks uJulian Assange uqhume impendulo yolawulo luka-Obama kule meko.
โUnobhala welizwe laseMelika akalunganga emthethweni,โ utshilo u-Assange. Wongeze wathi, "Ulawulo luka-Obama alunikwanga gunya ngabantu base-US ukuba baqhekeze kwaye bahlole umhlaba wonke, ukushwankathela umgaqo-siseko wase-US okanye imithetho yezinye izizwe."
"Ibonakalisa kakubi kulawulo lwase-US, kwaye akukho lizwe lizihloniphayo linganikezela kuphazamiso olunjalo okanye ukuxhatshazwa yi-US kulo mbandela," utshilo.
Nangona uninzi kumajelo eendaba eendaba zase-US bekhawuleze balandela umgaqo karhulumente wase-US wokuba uSnowden makathathwe โnjengomngcatshiโ ngokukhupha kwakhe amaxwebhu aveza iinkcukacha zesixhobo sokuhlola esikhulu se-NSA e-US nakuluntu lwehlabathi, uRatner uthe. Izenzo zika-Snowden zaxhaswa yinjongo ecacileyo yezopolitiko kwaye ngoko zikhuselwe phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.
U-Ratner ugxininise ukuba xa kufikwa kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, "i-asylum trumps extradition" ethetha ukuba nokuba iRashiya, i-Ecuador, okanye ezinye izizwe zinesivumelwano sokukhuphela kwelinye ilizwe kubaphuli-mthetho, oko akuthethi ukuba loo mazwe anyanzelekile ukuba anikezele umntu. efuna ikhusi lezopolitiko, ngakumbi lowo unoloyiko olufanelekileyo ukuba akayi kuphathwa ngokulinganayo okanye ngokufanelekileyo yinkqubo yobulungisa yelizwe lakhe.
"Akukho sigunyaziso sokubanjwa samazwe ngamazwe esikwaziyo," watsho uRatner, ephikisa ukuba izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho zika-Snowden "zizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zakudala zezopolitiko phantsi kwesivumelwano sokubuyisela" kwaye imizamo ye-US kufuneka ibonakale njengelizwi elikhulu, elinamandla kwamanye amazwe 'Thumela. naye apha' xa, enyanisweni, akukho "isiseko esisemthethweni kuyo."
Umzamo oqhubekayo kunye nobudlova wokubuyisela u-Snowden, wongezelela u-Assange, "ubonisa ngakumbi ukuwohloka komthetho wolawulo luka-Obama."
Ngaphantsi kweNgqungquthela yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, uSnowden uya kufaneleka ukukhuselwa njengomntu owoyikayo "ukutshutshiswa ngenxa yembono yezopolitiko," kusho uRatner.
Ukusuka kwinkomfa yabezindaba eHanoi, eVietnam ngoMvulo, umphathiswa wezangaphandle wase-Ecuador uRicardo Patino wafunda kwileta yesicelo se-Snowden apho u-Snowden ngokwakhe waxubusha ukuba kutheni sithatha ubude obunjalo ukuphepha abasemagunyeni base-US.
"Ndityholwa ngokuba ngumngcatshi" kwaye "kukho iminxeba yokuba ndibulawe okanye ndivalelwe," yatsho ileta evela ku-Snowden. Ukongeza, wathi "ayinakwenzeka" ukuba afumane "ityala elifanelekileyo okanye unyango olunobuntu" ukuba ubuyiselwe e-US.
Ngenxa yokuba i-US ihlawulisa i-Snowden phantsi koMthetho we-Espionage, uthi unjingalwazi wezomthetho e-Thomas Jefferson School of Law's Marjorie Cohn, u-Snowden "unoloyiko olusisiseko lwentshutshiso e-US."
Kwaye ecaphula unyango lomnye umbhexeshi owaziwayo, uPfc. UBradley Manning, uCohn ucebisa ukuba u-Snowden "anokuthi enze ityala elifanelekileyo kwindawo yokukhosela yezopolitiko e-Ecuador."
UNorman Solomon, iqela lakhe iRoots Action lijikeleza uxwebhu lwezikhalazo olubiza abaphathi baka-Obama ukuba bagcine "Susa iizandla"U-Snowden, ukugxekile ukuxhatshazwa kwezopolitiko okuchazwe nguRatner nabanye.
Urhulumente ofanayo oqhubeka nokwandisa umnatha wakhe wokucupha, kulo lonke elase-United States nakwihlabathi liphela,โ uSolomon. wabhala on Iindoda eziqhelekileyo, "ngoku iqinisekisa ilungelo layo lokutsala u-Snowden ukuba abuyele e-USA ukusuka naphi na emhlabeni. Akukhona nje ukumohlwaya kunye nokudimaza abanye abahlebi abanokuba ngabahlebi. Amagosa aphezulu ase-US nawo azimisele-ngokucacileyo-ukuthulisa ilizwi lika-Snowden, njengoBradley Manning. ilizwi liphantse lavalwa emva kweendonga zentolongo."
Uqhube wathi, โAbo baphezulu kurhulumente wase-US banyanzelisa ukuba u-Edward Snowden noBradley Manning bamngcatshe. Kodwa oko kusemva. Ukubeka imali yakhe emfihlekweni omkhulu nakubundlobongela basemkhosini endaweni yedemokhrasi, urhulumente uye wangcatsha uSnowden noManning kunye nathi sonke. โ
Ukongeza kwimizamo yezikhalazo ye-Roots Action, abantu abangaphezu kwe-113,000 ukususela ngoMvulo emva kwemini basayine isikhalazo kwiwebhusayithi ye-White House befuna uMongameli Obama ukuba axolele u-Snowden.
โU-Edward Snowden ligorha lesizwe kwaye kufuneka axolelwe ngoko nangoko ngokupheleleyo, ngokukhululekileyo nangokupheleleyo ngalo naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho alwenzileyo okanye anokuthi walwenza olunxulumene nokuvuthela impempe kwiinkqubo zokucupha eziyimfihlo ze-NSA,โ sifunde isicelo.
Nangona uxwebhu lwezikhalazo lufumene inani elikhulu elaneleyo labasayinileyo ukuba bagunyazise impendulo esemthethweni kwi-White House, umongameli akanakukwazi ukuthobela isibongozo sakhe.
Oku kushiya i-Ecuador ingoyena mgqatswa unokuthi anikezele indawo yokufihla intloko e-Snowden, nangona kuye kwaxelwa ukuba uqwalasela izicelo zakwamanye amazwe.
UMark Weisbrot, ingcali kwiLatin America kunye nomlawuli-mnye weZiko loPhando lwezoQoqosho kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo eWashington, wakhonjwa ukuba kutheni abaxhasi belungelo loluntu lokwazi kufuneka baxhase bobabini uSnowden kunye nelizwe-nokuba yi-Ecuador okanye enye-ukuba kwaye xa benika i-Snowden indawo yokukhosela yezopolitiko.
"Kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu okholelwa kwinkululeko yokukhusela i-Ecuador kwizisongelo zaseWashington, ezinokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba urhulumente wase-Ecuadorean unika indawo yokukhosela ku-Snowden," watsho u-Weisbrot. "Abanye oorhulumente behlabathi jikelele - amalungelo abo abemi aphulwa yi-NSA. Ucupho olugqithileyo โ kufuneka lume ngasemva kwe-Ecuador ukuba ikhetha ukunika i-Snowden indawo yokusabela, njengoko kufuneka i-NGOs. Ukumangalela uSnowden ngobuntlola luhlobo oluqatha lwentshutshiso yezopolitiko. "
Ekugqibeleni, ngelixa i-intrigue malunga no-Snowden apho akhoyo kunye nombuzo malunga nokuba ubanjwe yi-US okanye ufumana indawo ekhuselekileyo ukuya kwilizwe elizimisele ukumkhusela, uRatner wayephakathi kwabaninzi abahlalutyi kuluntu oluqhubekayo ngoMvulo ababenenkxalabo. ukuba ugqaliselo ku-Snowden njengomntu beluphazamisa ngokuyinxenye ibali elikhulu nelibaluleke ngakumbi malunga nemixholo yoko kutyhilwe zizenzo zika-Snowden.
"Into ekufuneka siyixoxa, ngokungafaniyo nento ebonakala ijongwa ikakhulu kumajelo eendaba ngoku-Uphi u-Ed Snowden? Uya kweliphi ilizwe?-yinkqubo enkulu yokuhlola eyenziwa yi-US, i-UK, kwaye mhlawumbi namanye amazwe kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo abantu kwihlabathi liphela," utshilo uRatner.
U-Ratner uqhubile ukulungiswa kwemithombo yeendaba ku-Snowden-indawo ahlala kuyo, nokuba "ungumngcatshi" okanye akunjalo, kunye neminye imiba yobomi bakhe yobuqu eyayisisiphazamiso kwibali lokwenyani elathi ngokukaRatner bubukho "kwenkqubo enkulu yokuhlola yehlabathi. "
Kwaye njengoko uSolomon wagqibayo:
Abaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo abaphezulu eWashington babonakala bezimisele ukuqhuba umhlaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukusukela kwabo u-Edward Snowden kuye kwavela kumsindo ovuthayo.
Abo baphezulu kurhulumente wase-US banyanzelisa ukuba u-Edward Snowden noBradley Manning bamngcatshile. Kodwa oko kusemva. Ukubeka imali yakhe kwimfihlo enkulu kunye nobundlobongela emkhosini endaweni yedemokhrasi, urhulumente uye wangcatsha uSnowden noManning kunye nathi sonke.
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Nikela