UDennis Bernstein: Kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo iFlashpoints Radio yaphula ibali likarhulumente wase-United States ngasese nangokuxhobisa ngokungekho mthethweni urhulumente wovukelo wase-US waseHaiti. Ukususela ngelo xesha iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ziye zavela malunga nobungakanani bokuhamba kwezixhobo ezingekho mthethweni, kunye nendlela ezi zivumelwano zisebenza ngayo. Ewe, njengoko besitshilo, iUnited States ithe cwaka iqalile ukuthumela ezi zixhobo kurhulumente wethutyana waseHaiti, ngaphandle kokuvalelwa kwezixhobo zeminyaka eli-13 kwilizwe laseCaribbean. Ezi ngalo zintsha zenzelwe ukuqinisa umkhosi wokhuseleko oxengaxengayo, batsho ke, kodwa inyani yeyokuba banokujongela phantsi ukhuseleko kwaye baphembelele izenzo zamapolisa esizwe abulalayo kunye neqela elipheleleyo labathengisi beziyobisi abajikeleza ezitalatweniโฆ. [Kevin Pina,] okokuqala yibuyisele apho iqale khona kwaye emva koko usinike ulwazi olungakumbi.
UKevin Pina: Kwiveki ephelileyo sabika ukuba i-US ifake uNdunankulu, uMnumzana Gerard Latortue, wenza izandi ngaphakathi kweHaiti, ecela ukuba i-13-year-old embargo embargo ngokumelene neHaiti iphakanyiswe. Into esiyibonisile kwiveki ephelileyo kukuba sele sele izivumelwano zenziwe, sele zinqunyulwe, ukuba iingalo sele zihanjiswe eHaiti. Ngoko ukubiza kwakhe i-US
i-embargo ukuba iphakanyiswe eneneni yayisisigqubuthelo sento yokuba sele kukho iingalo ezithunyelwe eHaiti, ukuba sele kukho izivumelwano ezenziwe.
Esikufundileyo, kwaye kuye kwavela amagama aliqela alenze eli bali libe nomdla ngakumbi kuthiโฆ siyaqonda ukuba phantse kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo bekukho itshekhi ye-1 yezigidi zeedola eyathi yasikwa kwi-ofisi yeNkulumbuso, eye yathengisa enye. yokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo zokuqala eziye zaya eHaiti. Ukuthunyelwa kwezixhobo [kutyholwa ukuba] kwaphulwa ngumntu onxulumene neqela leRiphabhlikhi eFlorida, umfazi waseHaiti-waseMelika ogama lingu. Lucy'>http://auto_sol.tao.ca/node/view/1302โณ>Lucy eOrlando.
Kuyabonakala ukuba, omnye wabanye abarhwebi yindoda egama linguJoel Deeb. Ngoku uJoel Deeb ungumntu onomdla kakhulu kuba uJoel Deeb, ewe, wabanjwa nguzwilakhe waseDuvalier (unyana, uJean-claude Duvalier), kuba wayebandakanyeka eziliqela'>http://auto_sol.tao.ca/node/view/1298โณ>eziliqela iziqhushumbisi kwikomkhulu, kunye nokungeniswa kwezixhobo elizweni ngokungekho mthethweni. UMnu Deeb naye unomdla kuba igama lakhe lavela ngokubhekiselele kuPablo Escobar kunye nokuba uPablo Escobar usenokuba ukufihla'>http://auto_sol.tao.ca/node/view/1300โณ>hiding eHaiti ngaxa lithile. Kubonakala ukuba, uMnumzane uDeeb wayethathe inxaxheba kwi-ruse kunye noPablo Escobar ukuze alahlekise i-DEA ekucingeni ukuba u-Escobar wayeseHaiti xa ngokwenene wayezama ukutshintsha indawo yakhe ngaphakathi kwe-Columbia ngokwayo.
DB: Kwaye uEscobar, ngokuqinisekileyo, wayeyintloko yeMedelin Cartel.
KP: Kanye. Ke sifumene lo mntu udityaniswe neqela leRiphabhlikhi eFlorida, lo mfazi waseHaiti-waseMelika uLucy Orlando; sinoJoel Deeb, umntu okhohlakeleyo owayenceda ekuthengiseni iingalo. Kwaye, ngokucacileyo, uCondoleeza Rice wayesazi kakuhle ukuba le ngqungquthela yeengalo yayisenzeka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo; wayesazi kakuhle ukuba urhulumente waseHaiti unqumle itshekhi ye-1 yezigidi zeedola kwi-treasury yakhe ukuze ahlawule le mpahla yokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo, kwaye ngokucacileyo eso sivumelwano saye saphulwa ngezixhobo ezazibanjwe yiPentagon ePanama, kwinto abayibiza ngokuba yi-recycled. iingalo.
Ezi ziingalo ekubonakala ukuba zathinjwa ngokubizwa ngokuba โyimikhosi yotshaba,โ esinokucinga ukuba ingabantu abafana ne-al-Qaeda, eminye imikhosi, mhlawumbi i-FARC yase-Columbia, yathatha izixhobo ezathi zathunyelwa ePanama. ngoku kubonakala ukuba zithengiswa yiPentagon koko kubizwa ngokuba โzizizwe ezinobuhloboโ ngaphakathi kweLatin America kunye neCaribbean.
DB: Thetha kancinci malunga noqhagamshelo lwaseFlorida kunye neCondoleeza Rice. Wazi njani ukuba kukho igosa elivela kwiQela leRiphabhlikhi eFlorida elibandakanyekayo, kwaye wazi njani ukuba uCondoleeza Rice ubebandakanyeka?
KP: Yena [u-Orlando] akalo gosa njengokuba esisithandwa se-Republican Party eFlorida; [ngokucacileyo], ukufutshane kakhulu no-Jeb Bush.
ULucy Orlando ngumfazi osebenzele iphulo lokuphinda unyulo lukaGeorge Bush; sheรขโฌโขsa umfazi owaziwayo kwezo zangqa kwaye olu lwazi luvela komnye umntu ngaphakathi kwezo zangqa, owathi uLucy Orlando usondele kakhulu ku-Youri Latortue, ngokuqinisekileyo ungumtshana kaGerard Latortue, e-US efakiwe. Inkulumbuso yaseHaiti, kwaye ngu-Youri Latortue kunye noLucy Orlando abasebenza kwicala laseHaiti kunye noJoel Deeb ngokwenene besebenza njengomthetheleli wePentagon. Kwaye, ngokucacileyo, kwakukho incoko ukuba umntu owayeseFlorida wayeyivile, apho kwakukho umnxeba wenkomfa apho uCondoleeza Rice wayethathe inxaxheba kwaye sele esazi kakuhle ixesha elide, ukususela ngaphambi kokuba abe nguNobhala kaRhulumente - xa yena. wayenguMcebisi wezoKhuseleko weSizwe kulawulo lukaBush-ukuba iPentagon yayithengisa izixhobo kurhulumente ofakiweyo wase-US ngokwaphula lo mba wezixhobo zeminyaka eli-13.
DB: Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akukho lula ukufumana ezi zixhobo zibanjwe ngamazwe abizwa ngokuba ngabanqolobi kunye nemisebenzi yokulwa nabanqolobi nguRhulumente wase-United States. Ezi zingalo ezilawulwa ngurhulumente wase-US ngoko kuya kuthatha igosa eliphezulu kwi-Pentagon okanye kwi-NSC ukwenza ezi zixhobo zifumaneke. Ngoku makhe sicace: oku kukwaphula umthetho weminyaka eli-13 wokuvala izixhobo. Kwakutheni ukuze kuqale kubekwe isithintelo?
I-KP: Oko kwenzeka emva kobhukuqo-mbuso luka-1991, xa umkhosi owawusakuba ngokhohlakeleyo, esaziyo ngoku uguqulwa waba ngamapolisa akhohlakeleyo aseHaiti, i-PNHโฆemva kolo bhukuqo-mbuso i-United States yamisela olu thintelo kwaye yahlala ikhona ukusukela ngoko. . Yintsalela yoLawulo lukaClinton, ngokusisiseko.
DB: Ngoku, enye inxalenye yale nto ikhathazayo kukuba, sibonile kwiintsuku zamva nje kunye neeveki, siye saxela ngokubanzi nawe Kevin, ngohlaselo, uhlaselo oluvulekileyo lwemiboniso enoxolo, kuBawo uGerard Jean Juste. , kumatsha ntliziyo axhasa idemokhrasi ngabo babizwa ngokuba โngamaPolisa eSizweโ aseHaiti. Ukuba ubeka izixhobo ezandleni zabo, kunye nengalo enzima ngakumbiโฆuxhobisa amaqela abulalayo, kwaye awuxhobenga ngendlela, isakhiwo sokurhweba ngeziyobisi apho?
KP: Kunye namaPolisa eSizwe aseHaiti, kukho umahluko omncinci kakhulu phakathi kwabo kunye nabo bantu babandakanyekayo ekurhwebeni kweziyobisi namhlanje eHaiti. Kodwa enye into endifuna ukuyongeza kukuba lo mbuzo wokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo kunye ne-US ephula i-embargo ye-13 yeminyaka ubudala nayo yaphuma ngomhla we-7, izolo, nguRobert Muggah, obhale inqaku elaphuma Iglowubhu'>http://auto_sol.tao.ca/node/view/1303โณ>Iglobhu kunye ne-Mail eCanada, apho uthe i-United States kunye ne-Pentagon bathengise urhulumente wase-US $ 7 yezigidi zezixhobo kutshanje. Into esithetha ngayo [kunye] nokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo zokuqala ezisisigidi seerandi yinto evule imibhobho kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo, kwaye ngokucacileyo ngokukaRobert Muggah kunye nombutho wakhe, obizwa ngokuba Ncinci'>http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/occasional.htmโ>Encinci IArms Survey, kwiGlobe kunye neMail izolo, ukuba iPentagon kunye nolawulo lwaseBush bathengise ubuncinci bezigidi ezi-7 zeerandi zezixhobo kulawulo lwangoku olufakwe e-US eHaiti.
DB: Bayifumana phi imali yokuhlawula ezi zixhobo xa intlupheko, ukungondleki okungaqhelekanga, ubhubhane weAIDS, ivela phi le 7 yezigidi zeerandi?
KP: Ewe, ngumbuzo olungileyo ukuwubuza, iphi i-26 yezigidi zeedola abazisebenzisayo ukuthenga emkhosini wangaphambili ukuze babeke phantsi izixhobo zabo ukuze bajoyine amapolisa aseHaiti, apho ingaba i26 yezigidi zeerandi ivela? Akukho mntu owaziyo. Akukho mntu waziyo ukuba ivela phi le 7 yezigidi zeerandi zezi mpahla zithunyelwayo.
DB: Yintoni enye ekufuneka siyazi malunga nale nkxaso engekho mthethweni yalo msebenzi wezixhobo nguRhulumente wase-US kunye nePentagon?
KP: Ewe, ayiyonyanyisi nje imeko yangoku, ukuba le mali isetyenziselwe ezi zixhobo, kodwa kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ezi zixhobo zisetyenziselwa ntoni. Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukuxhobisa amapolisa acinezelayo namhlanje abandakanyeka kwiphulo elicwangcisiweyo lokuphelisa ngokwasemzimbeni iqela lezopolitiko, uJean Bertrand Aristide kaLavalas. Kwangaxeshanye siyazi ukuba oku kumele ukuba kwenzeke ngentsebenziswano, ngokuqinisekileyo ngolwazi lweZizwe eziManyeneyo, abathi, emva koko, babekwe endaweni kwaye baxelelwe ukuba kufuneka bajongane nesiphumo sayo yonke le nto. kwezi ngalo zingenayo. Kufuneka ibe ziZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ke kufuneka sibuze kwakhona, ngaba bakwi-loop? Ngaba bayaqonda ukuba oku kuthunyelwa kwezixhobo kwenzekile? Ukuba kunjalo, kunikwe ukuba sele kubonisiwe ukuba abanako ukulawula amapolisa aseHaiti; Siyazi ukuba badubule abaqhankqalazi abangaxhobanga amatyeli aliqela, siyazi ukuba baye babandakanyeka kwindyikityha yokufa kwiindawo ezihluphekayo apho iminxeba isaqhubeka yokuba kubuyiswe uJean Bertrand Aristide. Yintoni ubudlelwane be-UN kwezi zivumelwano zezixhobo? Sithini isimo sabo malunga noku ekubeni, kwakhona, ingabo abasemhlabeni abaza kujongana nesiphumo?
DB: Kevin, oku kuphume kwi-Associated Press ngoMvulo, kubizwa ngokuba http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=638634โ> รขโฌลUMbingeleli Ovuthayo Angafuna uBongameli baseHaiti,รขโฌโข ivela ePort au Prijnce, eStevenson Jacobs. Ngoku mamela oku, ngale ndlela iqala ngayo:
รขโฌลAbaxhasi bambiza ngokuba nguMartin Luther King Omnci., umfundisi weRoma Katolika ovuthayo oxhokonxa izihlwele ngeentshumayelo zoluntu ekhuthaza ukulingana kwezentlalo kunye noqhanqalazo olungenabundlobongela. Urhulumente wethutyana oxhaswa yi-US kutshanje umtyhole ngokuphembelela ubundlobongela nokufihla abagwayi abanyanisekileyo kuMongameli owagxothwayo uJean-Bertrand Aristide, wavalela iiveki ngaphambi kokuba amkhulule ngenxa yokungabikho kobungqina.
Eli nqaku libonakala lixhokonxa kwaye limisela. Uyafuna ukuthetha ngayo Kevin?
I-KP: Kubonakala ngathi lelinye lamacandelo e-AP's disinformation kwiSebe likaRhulumente. Andazi ncam ukuba uStevenson Jacobs ukholelwa ukuba usebenzela bani kodwa oku, kum, kubonakala ngathi kumiselwe ngokupheleleyo. Kwelinye icala kukho olu hlobo lwendlela yokuchaza uJean Juste, kodwa eneneni apho eli nqaku lihamba khona kukuthi kukho ithuba lokuba uBawo uJean Juste angenele ubongameli. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokukhawuleza ukuba unike loo mbono, oko kumenza abe sesichengeni sokuhlaselwa kwakhona, oko kumenza umdlalo ochanekileyo kwiintshaba zakhe ngaphakathi komkhosi wamaPolisa weSizwe waseHaiti, ngaphakathi kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphakathi komkhosi wangaphambili okhohlakeleyo osele umbona. njengesigrogriso kuba uJean-Juste sele eyibeke yacaca, akanamdla wokungenela isikhundla sikaMongameli, sele eyibeke yacaca into yokuba uLavalas akazukuthatha nxaxheba kolonyulo lukaOkthobha; Kwakhona wakwenza kwacaca ukuba ngaphambi kokuba kubekho iingxoxo zokwenene, malunga nonyulo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kweLavalas, ukuba, uMongameli uJean Bertrand Aristide kufuneka abuyiselwe eHaiti, avunyelwe ukuba abuyele eHaiti, kwaye, ezimbini, amabanjwa ezopolitiko akhululwe, amawaka amabanjwa ezopolitiko eHaiti akhululwe ezintolongweni, kwaye oko, okwesithathu, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kubekho inkululeko yokuthetha kunye nenkululeko yokukhankasela, inkululeko yokuthetha, kuba ngokucacileyo akukho mntu unokuthatha inxaxheba okanye biza olo nyulo ngokukhululekileyo okanye ngobulungisa ngaphandle kwezo zimfuneko zintathu. Ke eli nqaku ngenene limiselwe ngeendlela ezininzi kuba into eliyenzayo libonisa uBawo uJean Juste njengomntu onokuvuma ukuthatha inxaxheba kolu nyulo lonyulo ngaphandle kokuba uye wakhaba ngawo omane naluphi na uhlobo lwamahemuhemu athi yena. uceba ukubaleka isikhundla sikamongameli. Olu luseto, luseto lwe-disinformation yakudala, yi-Associated Press.
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Nikela