Kwizikhululo zomlilo kulo lonke idolophu yaseDetroit, iingxoxo zibanjwe malunga nefuthe lokufakwa kwe-bankruptcy yeso sixeko kunye nemizamo yokuqala yabacimi bomlilo benqanaba kunye nefayile ukuhlanganisa ukuchasana nokuhlaselwa komphathi ophuthumayo kwipenshini kunye neenkonzo ezibalulekileyo.
Kwiveki ephelileyo, amanqaku abacimi-mlilo ababomvu be-T-shirted, abaququzelelwe kwi-ad hoc Public Safety Workers Action Group (PSWAG), batyhutyha isixeko esiphethe iipikethi zolwazi kunye noqhanqalazo ngaphandle kwezikhululo zomlilo kunye neNkundla ye-Federal Bankruptcy. Baye bachaza uxhulumaniso phakathi kwamashumi eminyaka yokuchithwa, ukuvalwa kwesikhululo somlilo kunye nokunye ukunciphisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye neengozi ezikhulayo ezijongene nabahlali kwisixeko esiqhekezayo se-139 square miles. Ukususela ngo-1983, inani labacimi-mlilo liye lancitshiswa ukusuka kwi-1,800 ukuya kuma-830, kwaye inani leenkampani zokucima umlilo liye lancitshiswa ukusuka kwi-77 ukuya kwi-42.
Abaninzi bangabacimi bomlilo besizukulwana sesibini kunye nesesithathu, kwaye ngenxa yokunciphisa inkxaso-mali, bambalwa ukuba ngaba nabasebenzi abancinci baye baqeshwa lisebe iminyaka, bebeka uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kubahlanguli abadala abajongene nokunqongophala okungapheliyo kunye nezixhobo ezibolayo. Abacimi-mlilo abakwiminyaka yabo ye-40 kunye ne-50s, kunye nomsebenzi obangela umonakalo omkhulu emizimbeni yabo, ngoku bajongene nethemba lokuba basebenze iminyaka engaphezulu ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi okanye balahlekelwe yimali yabo yomhlalaphantsi kunye nezibonelelo zonyango zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokupheleleyo.
"Kutheni uhlala emsebenzini kwaye ubeka ubomi bakho emngciphekweni ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso sekamva?" utshilo uRobert, umcimi-mlilo oneminyaka engamashumi amabini enkonzo. โSiyawuthanda lo msebenzi, siyathanda ukunceda abantu, kodwa kufuneka sikhathalele neentsapho zethu. Xa ndisaluphala, andinakukwazi ukunyanyekelwa ngabantwana bam.โ
URobert, osebenza kwi-Engine 55, iLadder 27 kwicala elingasentshona lesixeko, walatha kuluhlu lwezaziso zokufa kwabacimi-mlilo kweso sikhululo ukususela oko savulwa ngowe-1926. kwinkulungwane bebephila ukuya kuma-80s okanye nakwi-90s yabo. Namhlanje, abafana abancinci-abazalwe ngo-1960-bafa kwi-45 okanye i-50 ngenxa yokuba bavelele kwizinto ezininzi, njengeeplastiki kwimililo yemoto. Kwabakho umlilo kwiNursery kaFrank, eyayinesichumiso, yaye uninzi lwaba bafana bafa kwiminyaka kamva.โ
โOmnye umcimi-mlilo, uDwayne Garland, usweleke emva kokufumana imichiza ethile. Wayengumfana oselula owenza umsebenzi, kodwa xa wasweleka kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, wayesele engumtya nethunga waloo nto wayeyiyo ngaphambili. Into endayivayo kukuba esi sixeko sanika intsapho yakhe ubunzima ngenxa yezibonelelo zokufa kwakhe, sisithi wayenemeko eyayiphila ngaphambili.โ
Ngokwemvelo yomsebenzi wabo, abacimi bomlilo abalindele iifowuni eziphuthumayo, ukuba abalalanga emva kokusebenza ngokulandelelana kweeyure ze-24 kwisikhululo, benza imisebenzi efana nokugcina izixhobo kunye nokulungiselela ukutya kwindlu yomlilo. Kunjengokuba omnye umcimi-mlilo oselula wathi, โXa sikwisidlo sasemini, ekuphela kwento esiyenzayo kukuxoxa ngokungabikho kwemali noko bazama ukukwenza kuthi.โ
Kwiimeko ezimbini, iingxoxo kunye neentatheli ezivela kwi- Iwebhusayithi YeSocialist World zaphazamiseka xa kungena iminxeba engxamisekileyo kwaye abacimi-mlilo bangxamile ukuya kusabela. Oku kubandakanya indawo yokucima umlilo kwiSitalato saseLafayette kwicala elisezantsi-mpuma, apho abacimi-mlilo bathi sesona sikhululo somlilo sixakeke kakhulu emhlabeni.
UMphathi kaNgxamiseko uKevyn Orr uye woyikisa ngokucutha iintlawulo ezityalwa kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi yabacimi-mlilo ngepesenti ezingama-90. Usebenzise inkundla yokunganyaniseki kwinkundla yomanyano ukujikelezisa umgaqo-siseko welizwe laseMichigan, obhengeza ukuba izibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi ezifunyenweyo zizibophelelo zekontraka, ezingenako ukuncitshiswa.
Kwiinzame zangabom zokunyusa ubukhulu bengxaki yezemali-ukuze athethelele ngokufaka kwakhe imali kwaye anyanzelise abameli bakhe kwibhodi yomhlalaphantsi-u-Orr ubange iNkqubo yamaPolisa aseDetroit kunye neNkqubo yokuThatha uMhlalaphantsi yoMlilo yi-1.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuba ihlangane ixesha elide. iintlawulo zabadla umhlala-phantsi-okanye i-78 yepesenti exhaswa ngemali. Umcebisi wengxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi uzimisele-ngokusekwe kubomi obulindelekileyo babantu abadla umhlala-phantsi kunye nembuyekezo yotyalo-mali ecingelwayo-ukuba i-akhawunti yomhlalaphantsi eneneni ngama-96.1 epesenti exhaswa ngemali eyi-147.2 yezigidi zeedola ezingaxhaswa ngemali.
"Ayinamsebenzi nokuba i-120 yepesenti ixhaswa ngemali okanye i-50 yepesenti ixhaswe ngemali, isixeko senze isibophelelo sokuhlawula kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi kwaye asizange senze njalo," uBruce Babiarz, isithethi seDetroit's Police kunye neNkqubo yokuRetirement Fire, uxelele Iindaba zaseDetroit.
Esongeza isithuko kukwenzakala, u-Orr woyikise ngokusebenzisa inani eliphezulu ngokuchasene nabadla umhlala-phantsi kwinkundla yemali. โLumka kakhulu. Kusenokufuneka uphile naloo nombolo, โutshilo u-Orr kwirediyo ye-WDET-FM. "Kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba kungaphantsi kwesibophelelo ekufuneka sihlangane kule nkqubo."
Isithethi se-Orr uBill Nowling uthe esi sixeko ngaxa lithile kwiinkqubo zokubhanga samkele inani lamapolisa kunye nemibutho yomlilo kwaye banciphise amandla abo okuvota kwisicwangciso sohlengahlengiso sesixeko sababolekisi abangakhuselekanga. โSinokubamkela ngesithembiso saboโฆ kwaye ke abazukufumana nto,โ utshilo uNowling Iindaba zaseDetroit.
UDavid, umcimi-mlilo oneminyaka eli-13 ubudala wathi: โAkukho mthethweni. โXa u-Orr waqalisa ukuthi imali yethu yenkam-nkam ayinamali, ndaqalisa ukuba nexhala lokuba oko kuya kuthetha ntoni kuthi. Ndandimbona ukuba uneenjongo ezigwenxa. Sele bebonisile ukuba abadlali ngemithetho yedemokhrasi, โuqhube watsho, esalatha kwinto yokuba u-Orr, irhuluneli yaseRiphabhlikhi uRick Snyder kunye nosodolophu weDetroit's Detroit's Democratic bonke bathathe isigqibo sokuphosa esi sixeko kwi-bankruptcy kwiinyanga ngaphambi kokuba kubhengezwe imeko kaxakeka yezemali. .
"Ngale meko, bayilahlile idemokhrasi kwilizwe laseMichigan." Ebhekisa kwiRevolution yaseMelika kunye neMfazwe yamakhaya, wongeze wathi, โLixesha lolunye uvukelo. Ngaphandle kwemvukelo, akukho revolution. Yiloo ndlela kuphela idemokhrasi eya kubuyiselwa ngayo. Abantu kufuneka balwe eDetroit njengoko besenza e-Egypt. "
Kwiingxoxo kunye neentatheli ezivela kwi-WSWS, abacimi-mlilo abaninzi bathetha ngemisebenzi yokuhlola eyenziwa ngurhulumente wase-US ngokuchasene nabantu baseMelika abavezwe ngu-Whistleblower we-National Security Agency u-Edward Snowden. โAsifanelanga ukuba sinike indawo yokhuseleko kubantu abafana nalo mfo? Kodwa oh hayi, ngoku exelele urhulumente, kufuneka bamfumane, โutshilo omnye umcimi-mlilo.
โBafuna ukuchitha ingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi,โ waqhubeka uRobert. โAkukho nto yabasebenzi. Ndiqhuba ilori eneminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Ndineminyaka engama-20 ndisebenzela isixeko, kwaye ngaphambi koko utata wam wasebenza iminyaka engama-26.
โKufana nemihla kaCarnegie noRockefellerโbanamandla apheleleyo kwaye ukuba uvakalisa uluvo lwakho bayakukruqula. Ngoku iimonopoli ziinkampani ezifana ne-DTE, ethatha inkqubo yokukhanyisa yoluntu. Basixelela ukuba le nto bayenzayo 'yeyona ilungele isixeko,' ukuba ukutshona kwemali kuya kunceda ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo ezingcono zesixeko. Kodwa, emiqolo kabani?
โYonke into imalunga nemali. Bafumana imali yebala elitsha lehoki kunye nendlu entsha yezityebi. Kodwa bafuna ukuphosa abantu abahluphekayo ngaphandle kwesixeko, ngaphesheya kwe-8 Mile Road. Yimalini eyonela aba bantu? Sele benokwaneleyo ukunyamekela iintsapho zabo kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Bade bafune ukuthatha umzobo ovela kwiDetroit Institute of Arts ukuze uxhonywe kwindlu yesityebi enemigangatho emibini kwaye iDetroiters eqhelekileyo ayisoze yayibona.
Abacimi-mlilo bagqabaza ngokufana phakathi kweDetroit neGrisi kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophu apho iibhanki zazibeka amanyathelo aqatha aqatha. Omnye umcimi-mlilo walatha kwiYouTube yokuzonwabisa yabacimi-mlilo eSpain behlutha amapolisa oqhanqalazo ngexesha loqhanqalazo oluchasene nobungqongqo.
"Ungabanga njani ukuba isixeko saphukile xa uhlawula i-Orr kunye nefemu yakhe ngaphezulu kwe-3 yezigidi zeedola?" Wabuza uDavide. โKwaye umphathi wamapolisa ufumana i-250,000 yeedola? Kuya kufana nokwahlulwa kodidi, apho mhlawumbi usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu, kungekho qela liphakathi phakathi.โ
Abasebenzi baphinde babonisa ukudelela imibutho esemthethweni, echase nawuphi na umzabalazo odibeneyo ochasene ne-Orr, kwaye endaweni yoko baye bagxininisa ukuba bafuna ukuba namahlakani kunye nomphathi kaxakeka ekunyanzeliseni imiyalelo yeebhanki zaseWall Street. โUbeke iintloko zemanyano apho [uthethathethana no-Orr] kwaye baya kuthengwa ngekomityi yekofu. Iimanyano zazifudula zomelele. Ngoku abaphathi bombutho bayamenywa ukuba beze etafileni enkulu, kodwa emva koko basebenzela inkampani,โ utshilo uDavid.
URaymond, umcimi-mlilo osebenzayo, wathi, โNdikholelwa ukuba akukho mthethweni. Thina njengabacimi-mlilo asilufumani ukhuseleko loluntu kuba asibhatali kulo. Kodwa besihlawula imali yethu yomhlalaphantsi rhoqo. Ngoku bafuna ukuyithatha. Kwaye ngenxa yantoni? Ke bangakha ibala elitsha lehoki?"
UPaul uneminyaka eyi-11 esilwa nomlilo. โIbutho lethu laqhankqalaza kwinkundla yamatyala ngoLwesine,โ utshilo. โSizama ukusebenza ngesixhobo esinaso, kodwa ngoku sisona sincinci. Ukuqala kwam ukulwa imililo, ndandicinga ukuba emva kweminyaka ndisenkonzweni ndiza kunyuselwa emsebenzini ndize ndiziphilise kakuhle, kodwa ngoku banciphisa yonke into.โ
UDaryl ngumcimi-mlilo odla umhlala-phantsi nowasebenza iminyaka eli-19. Wathi: โEnyanisweni ndisayifumana intlawulo yokukhubazeka kwam, kodwa ndifuna ukulwela abantakwethu noodadewethu abachaphazelekileyo.
โKufuneka sibe nabacimi-mlilo kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphandle nangaphakathi eDetroitโkwaye kufuneka sisivale esi sixeko! Asisakwazi ukumelana nokusikeka. Ndiphambana ngendlela endiyikhathalele ngayo le nto.โ
The Iwebhusayithi YeSocialist World (I-WSWS) iya kuqhubeka nokupapasha ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kwiinzame zabacimi bomlilo ukukhusela iipenshini zabo kunye neenzuzo zempilo. Sibiza abacimi bomlilo ukuba basebenzise i-WSWS ukuvakalisa iinkxalabo zabo kwaye njengeforamu yokuxoxa ngemibuzo ejongene nabasebenzi baseDetroit, e-US nakwamanye amazwe. Abacimi bomlilo bayakhuthazwa ukuba baprinte kwaye baxoxe ngala manqaku kwiindawo zabo zokusebenza kunye nokuthumela izimvo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwi-WSWS.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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