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“Sisebenza ngaxhatha linye. Sisondelelene kakhulu…. Ndinomkhuhlane kunye neempawu zomkhuhlane, kodwa ndithatha iTylenol kwaye ndiqhubeke nokusebenza. " UMaría, iButterball
Nge-7 ka-Epreli, iTyson Foods yabhengeza ukuba iyavala indawo yokulungisa inyama yehagu e-Iowa ngenxa yobuncinci abasebenzi bayo abangama-25 abawela kwi-coronavirus entsha ye-Covid-19. Kwiveki engaphambi koko, i-JBS yamazwe ngamazwe yanciphisa imveliso kwindawo yokupakisha inyama ePennsylvania ngesizathu esifanayo, ijoyina i-Empire Kosher kunye ne-Olymel, abaye bavala indawo yenkukhu neyehagu ngokulandelelana ngenxa yokuba abasebenzi abaninzi baye bagula.
I-Smithfield Foods ivale indawo yokulungisa inyama yehagu eMzantsi Dakota kule veki, kwaye yabhengeza ukuba i-Covid-19 ifunyenwe kwiziko layo laseNorth Carolina kwidolophu yaseTarheel eBladen County. Le dolophu ibalule imiba yabucala kwisigqibo sayo sokungavezi ukuba bangaphi abantu abachaphazelekileyo. Omnye umsebenzi wagqiba kwelokuba umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu ukuba angazisa intsholongwane ekhaya kumntwana wakhe onesifo sombefu. “Siphezu kwethu ngokuthe ngqo sisihla emgceni,” utshilo, phantsi kwemeko yokungaziwa, kwinkampani kamabonakude yasekhaya i-ABC.
NgoLwesibini, nge-21 ka-Epreli, iRhuluneli yaseNorth Carolina uRoy Cooper uqinisekisile ukuba amaziko amahlanu okulungisa ukutya kurhulumente, ezikummandla waseBladen, eChatham, eDuplin, eLee naseRobeson, abethwe kukuqhambuka kwecoronavirus. Abasebenzi kwiifama zeenkukhu zaseMountaire eSiler City kunye nePilgrim's Pride eSanford bebekhalaza ixesha elingaphezulu kweveki malunga nosulelo, ukungabikho kokhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye noxinzelelo lwasemsebenzini olufana ukupheliswa kwesoyikiso ukuba bayagula. Abasebenzi abaninzi baseLatinx basebenzela iikontraka ezingaphantsi kwimizi-mveliso yenkukhu, ngentlawulo ephantsi kwaye akukho khefu lihlawulelwayo.
The Uthungelwano loXhaso kubasebenzi basezifama (FAN) kunye ne I-Episcopal Farmworker Ministry (EFWM) eDunn, eNorth Carolina yaqokelela abasebenzi bezolimo kunye nabameli ngokusondeleyo kwiZoom ngoLwesibini ukuze banike ilizwi kubasebenzi kwaye basasaze ubungakanani bengxaki. Uninzi lwabasebenzi abasuka kwamanye amazwe benziwe ngokuyinxenye ngabanini-visa bexesha be-H2A, benyamekela kwaye bevuna amasimi ezolimo kwiinyanga ezishushu, kunye nenxalenye enkulu yonyaka wonke abasebenzi abangabhalwanga phantsi, nabasebenza emasimini kunye nokuqeshwa kweenkukhu kunye neefektri zehagu. Umthwalo ophakamileyo webhaktiriya abafunyenwe ngaba bantu sele besebenza kwiindawo ezikufutshane phantsi kweemeko ezingacocekanga, kunye nokuchanabeka okongezelelekileyo kwizitshabalalisi ezihlala zibulala izitshabalalisi kunye nezinye iikhemikhali, zenza abasebenzi basezifama kunye nabalungisi benyama babe sesichengeni sokugula.
Abafuduki kunye nabasebenzi basezifama bamaxesha athile bahlala bexinene kunye kwizindlu zethutyana, ngamanye amaxesha iibhodi zebhodi enezindlu zangasese ezihlala abantu. Bahamba ngebhasi ukuya emasimini ukuya kwenza umsebenzi obuhlungu kunye noyingozi abaqeshi bayasokola ukufumana abasebenzi bomthonyama bokwenza. Amaziko ococeko aphantse angabikho. Amagumbi okuhlambela (ama-porta-johns) kufuneka abonelelwe kuphela ukuba ibala lingaphezulu kwe-¼ yeemayile; UNorma ubalise ukuba ngelixa wayexelelwe ukuba ibala lokuqala abelisebenza lincinci kakhulu ukuba libe nendlu yangasese ephathwayo, eyesibini indlu yangasese, nebonelela abasebenzi abangamashumi amane, iphelelwe ngumdla kuba ibingekacocwa kwiiveki ezintandathu.
Iiprosesa zenyama zisebenza kwitsheyini, umgca wokudityaniswa okhawulezayo apho abasebenzi basebenza ecaleni bephinda-phinda benqunqa, betsala kwaye berhuqa inyama yehagu, yenkukhu, yenkomo kunye neTurkey. “Sisebenza ngaxhatha linye. Sisondelelene kakhulu,” ucacise watsho uMaría, igqala elineminyaka eli-15 kunye neButterball, umfuyi weTurkey kunye neprosesa. "Ndikhe ndanomkhuhlane kunye neempawu zomkhuhlane, kodwa ndithatha iTylenol kwaye ndiqhubeke nokusebenza." Ngelixa umqeshwa oqeshiweyo njengoMaría ene-inshurensi yezempilo, akafumani naziphi na ezinye izibonelelo. "Ukuba siyagula, okanye asivumelekanga ukusebenza ngenxa yobhubhane, asihlawulwa."
NgokukaMlawuli oLawulayo we-EFM uLariza Garzon, “Le ngxaki iqaqambisa ukungalingani abasebenzi abaphila kuko yonke imihla. Abasebenzi batsala nzima ngenxa yokunqongophala kokhuseleko emsebenzini, iinkxalabo ngempilo yabo, ukungalufanelanga uncedo lukarhulumente, imivuzo ephantsi, izindlu ezingekho mgangathweni, ukunqongophala kwabantwana, uloyiko malunga nemeko yabo yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, njl.
Imbali yabasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezixhaphazayo zingena nzulu kwimveliso yokutya yase-US. Ngomnyaka we-1906, u-Upton Sinclair wapapasha "Ihlathi", incwadi eyothusa abantu baseMelika malunga neemeko ezinobungozi kunye nezingathandekiyo ezifunyanwa ngabasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe kwizityalo zesizwe zokupakisha inyama. Phantse kwinkulungwane kamva, ngoDisemba 2001, urhulumente waseUnited States ihlawulwe ITyson Foods kunye nabafuduki abathubelezisayo bawela umda waseMexico ukuze basebenze kwizityalo zabo kwaye babanike amaxwebhu obuxoki. Ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini, inkampani yayisele ku hlawulwa yezityholo, besithi ayiloxanduva lokuqeshwa kweearhente zangaphandle, nangona abaphathi abathathu bakaTyson bakhethe ukwenza isicelo, omnye wabo wenza. Ukuzibulala.
2011 umbiko liZiko loMgaqo-nkqubo woQoqosho (EPI) lifumanise ukuba ukonyuka kwama-40% kumvuzo wabasebenzi basezifama, okuzisa imivuzo yonyaka ukusuka kwi-$10,000 ukuya kwi-$14,000 ngonyaka, kuya konyusa kuphela inkcitho yabathengi nge-16 yeedola ngonyaka. Umbhali, uPhilip Martin, uNjingalwazi wezoLimo kunye noQoqosho lweZibonelelo kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Davis, uqukumbele ngelithi, "Ngamafutshane, ukonyuka kwemivuzo yabasebenzi basezifama ukukhulisa abasebenzi basezifama kwintlupheko kubeka isoyikiso esincinci kwiipokotho zabathengi okanye ukuthumela ngaphandle kwe-US."
Ngaphandle kokunqongophala kwezixhobo zokukhusela, umgama kunye nolunye ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bezolimo kunye nabalungisa inyama, ukuvalwa ngenxa ye-Covid-19 kubonakalisa ukungabikho kwezibonelelo ezisisiseko ezifana neentsuku zokugula kunye ne-inshurensi yokungaphangeli. “Ndisebenza emasimini ngecuba kunye neebhatata, kodwa bendiphelelwe ngumsebenzi ukusukela ngoFebruwari ngenxa yekoronavirus,” utshilo uFlor kwi-teleconference. “Ukususela oko kwafika ubhubhani, asinamsebenzi, okanye mncinane kakhulu,” wongezelela ngelithi uJosé, umphambukeli owayesuka eFlorida nomfazi nabantwana bakhe besiya kulima amasimi ebhatata namaqunube yaye ebesika ingca ukuze iyaphela idibana. “Akukho ncedo silufumeneyo. Abantwana basekhaya, sineendleko ezingakumbi. Sirhola imali encinci njengoko injalo, kwaye incinci esinayo ayonelanga.
Umfundisi we-EFWM u-Ann Elliott Hodges-Copple uthi ngenxa yobhubhane, abakwazi kuzisa ukutya okanye bajonge iimeko zenkampu njengoko bebeqhele ukwenza. Kwaye ngoku ukutya kwabo kugcwele amanzi. Ngoxa bebedla ngokuzinyaswa ziintsapho ezingama-70 ukusa kwezingama-90, ezimbini zokugqibela ziye zasingatha ezingama-300 nezingama-220. Ngaphandle kwengeniso, ikhefu elihlawulelwayo, izibonelelo zokungaphangeli, ukuhlolisiswa kovuselelo, ukunyanyekelwa kwempilo, ukunyanyekelwa kwabantwana nokuwa nokwenzekayo. Ukugula, imfuneko enkulu kulo mmandla.
ITyson Foods Inc., eyona processor inkulu yelizwe, ayinikeli ngeentsuku zokugula ezihlawulwayo, kodwa uthi “kukuphelisa nayiphi na imiphumo yokohlwaya ngenxa yokungasebenzi ngenxa yokugula.”
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela