Ezopolitiko zaseJapan ziphawulwa ziziphazamiso ezimbini ezihambelanayo: okokuqala, igama elithi "i-conservative" lidla ngokusetyenziswa kwabo banyanzelisa imfuno yokubuyisela uluntu lwaseJapan lwasemva kwemfazwe, kubandakanya nomgaqo-siseko wayo, kwaye ngamanye amazwi bangama-radicals, ngelixa abo banyanzelisayo. โEkugcineniโ amaziko edemokhrasi aseJapan emva kwemfazwe abhalwe ukuba ziiradicals okanye abantu basekhohlo; kwaye okwesibini, abo bagxininisa ukuba iJapan izithobe phantsi kwe-United States bazichaza "njengabalandeli besizwe," ngelixa abo bafuna ukubeka phambili iJapan ngaphezu kwe-US barhanelwa ukuba ngandlela-thile "abangabemi baseJapan." Kukubhideka kukaAlice kwi-Wonderland!
Umgomo "wohlaziyo" olwenziwa ngurhulumente waseKoizumi kunye no-Abe phakathi kuka-2001 kunye no-2007 yayikukusondeza iJapan ngokuhambelana ne-United States kukhuseleko kunye nezoqoqosho. Ngaphambili, ngo-2003 imikhosi exhobileyo yaseJapan yathunyelwa okokuqala kwindawo yeqonga yongquzulwano ngokwelizwi lase-US kwaye "abagcini bendalo" ukusukela ngoko baye bancamathela eyona nto iphambili ekuzameni ukuqinisekisa ukuba kwixa elizayo iJapan inokwenza okungakumbi ngokujoyina i-United States. kwizenzo zokhuseleko ezidibeneyo (funda: iimfazwe) njenge-East Asia Great Britain. Ekugqibeleni, "abagcini be-conservative" abafanayo baye banenjongo "yokukhulula" uqoqosho lwaseJapan ngokususa imiqobo eseleyo yokungena kwe-US kunye ne-capital yamazwe ngamazwe. Okwangoku, ezopolitiko zaseJapan zikwimeko yokungashukumi, urhulumente waseFukuda uphulukene nolawulo kwiNdlu ePhezulu kodwa esoyika ukubhangiswa kuvoto ukuze afune igunya. Nangona engakwazi nokushukuma, uFukuda ujonge kwicala elinye nabamanduleli bakhe.
Inyani yokuba iUnited States - imodeli yaseJapan ebizwa ngokuba ngabagcini bolondolozo kuyo yomibini imida yeqhinga kunye nezoqoqosho - ibandakanyeka kwimfazwe eyintlekele kunye nengekho mthethweni ethe yatshabalalisa ilizwe elinye elikhulu kwaye yaphazamisa ummandla wonke, kunye nokugqithiswa kwemfazwe engalawulwayo. ubukhapitali bufake uqoqosho lwehlabathi kweyona ngxaki inkulu kwisizukulwana, kufuneka kunqumame abo baxhasa loo ajenda; kodwa kubonakala ngathi akunjalo.
I-inki ayizange yome kumgaqo-siseko wowe-1946, owawuquka imigaqo emithathu yoxolo, amalungelo abantu, kunye nedemokhrasi yezopolitiko, ngaphambi kokuba i-US izisole. Ukususela ngoko, ibibongoza iJapan ukuba iyihlaziye kwakhona. I-brunt yengqwalasela yase-US ijoliswe kwiNqaku le-9, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pacifist clause. [Imibhalo yesiJapan neyesiNgesi yeNqaku le-9 iyafumaneka Apha.]
Kangangesiqingatha senkulungwane, "abagcini bolondolozo" baseJapan, abanenjongo yokubuyisela ilizwe kuyilo lwaseMelika, bafuna ukuhlaziya (okanye ukuphelisa) Inqaku lesi-9, kodwa imikhosi yomgaqo-siseko yayinamandla kakhulu, kokubini kwiDiet nakwilizwe ngokubanzi. Kwakufuneka baneliswe kukuyinkcenkceshela ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuyenza banzi nangokuyekisa indlela eyayitolikwa ngayo. Ngoku, nangona kunjalo, oko akusenelanga. Njengoko iJapan yaxengaxenga ngo-2007 malunga nokuba iwuhlaziye na uthumo lwayo lomkhosi wasemanzini ukuya kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, ukurhoxiswa nokuthumela kwakhona iinqanawa zayo, nanjengokulungelelaniswa kweziseko zomkhosi zase-US eJapan (kwavunyelwana ngayo ngo-2005-2006), kunye nokuguqulwa kweJapan kwemikhosi yayo exhobileyo. oko owayesakuba nguNobhala wezoKhuselo uDonald Rumsfeld ngendelelo wabiza "inkwenkwe ye-scout" kumkhosi wokulwa wokwenyani, zombini ziqhubela phambili ngokucotha kakhulu kulawulo lukaBush, umonde waseMelika wonyuka. Kuphela ngohlaziyo olucacileyo apho i-SDF yaseJapan inokuthi ibe ngumkhosi wesizwe oqhelekileyo (i-kokugun) okwaziyo ukulwa kunye namahlakani awo aseMelika. Inkulumbuso u-Abe ngoMeyi ka-2007 uphumelele umgaqo kaloliwe ngokutya umthetho ochaza iinkqubo zohlaziyo olunjalo. Ngokwenza oko, nangona kunjalo, wahlukanisa uluntu oluvotayo kangangokuba yena kunye norhulumente wakhe boyiswa kakhulu kunyulo lwe-Upper House kwiinyanga ezimbini kamva. Kwafuneka arhoxe kungekudala emva koko. Kolunye uhlobo "lwe-Wonderland" oluyindida abahlaziyi-zimvo baseJapan, begxeka umgaqo-siseko okhoyo njengonyanzeliso lwaseMelika kodwa begxininisa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ephambili kwiMelika ukuba ihlaziywe, eneneni baphindaphinda iziganeko zamashumi amathandathu eminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ngoku banesicwangciso esintlantlu-mbini sokuhlangabezana neemfuno zaseMelika. Ngexesha elifutshane, banethemba lokukhusela umthetho osisigxina wokugunyazisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhosi yoKhuseleko yaseJapan "kwimisebenzi yentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe." Oko kuya kuthintela imfuno ekhoyo ngoku "yoMthetho weMiqathango eYodwa" (kunye nomlindi wengxoxo yeDiet kunye nezithintelo neemeko ezingenakuthintelwa) ngalo lonke ixesha i-SDF iza kuthunyelwa kwimishini. Ixesha elide, amalungu angama-239 akhoyo nangaphambili epalamente kazwelonke ajoyine ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi kumbutho omtsha, iDiet Members Alliance yokuseka uMgaqo-siseko oMtsha. Ngokungafaniyo nabanduleli bawo, lo Mbutho ubandakanya amalungu aphambili eqela eliphikisayo leDemocratic Party yaseJapan. Ngokubandakanya inkcaso, imfuno yohlaziyo yesininzi sesibini kwisithathu sepalamente iyenzeka.
Ngaphandle koKutya, nangona kunjalo, ukudana kwabahlaziyi baphinda bahlasele iSiqendu se-9 kokukhona inkxaso yoluntu eyomeleleyo iba, ifikelela kwisibini esithathwini kwisaveyi yezimvo zikaMeyi ka-2008 Asahi. I-Article 9 Society, eyasekwa kwi-2004 ngoongqondongqondo abaziwayo kunye namanani oluntu, ngoku ikhule yaba namasebe e-7,000 kwilizwe lonke, ekhuphisana njengombutho wezopolitiko ophantsi we-anti-Vietnam war movement kwi-1960 kunye ne-1970s. Apho abahlaziyo baneentloni ngomgaqo-siseko, amalungu e-A9 Society ayawusasaza njengomzekelo wehlabathi. NgoMeyi ka-2008 bazalise ukuphuphuma kwendawo yendibano enkulu ngaphandle kweTokyo phantsi kwesiqubulo esithi "Ihlabathi liqalisile ukukhetha inqaku lesi-9."
Njengoko "abagcini benkqubo" behlaziya isicwangciso sabo sohlaziyo, bakwabonakalisa indelelo ephazamisayo kumgaqo-siseko. Ngo-Epreli, xa iNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseNagoya yafumanisa ukuba oorhulumente baseKoizumi kunye no-Abe benze ngokuchasene nomgaqo-siseko ngokuvuma amabango ase-US ukuba "abonise iflegi" kwaye abeke "iibhutsi phantsi" zaseJapan e-Iraq, kwaye ngoko ke amaJapan. Ubukho bomkhosi e-Iraq bebuchasene nomgaqo-siseko kwaye akukho semthethweni, iNkulumbuso, uNobhala oyiNtloko weKhabhinethi, uMphathiswa wezoKhuselo, kunye neNtloko yaBasebenzi beMikhosi yoKhuseleko loMoya bonke bayichithile, begxininisa ukuba eso sigwebo asiyi kuba nempembelelo kumkhosi waseJapan. ukusasazwa. Ulawulo lomthetho nokwahlulwa kwamagunya kwakubonakala kungenamsebenzi kubo.
Kananjalo ukuthobela umgaqo-siseko asikokuba nje ngemibandela yemfazwe noxolo. Isiphakamiso somgaqo-siseko we-LDP siya kubuyisela imeko yoMgaqo-siseko waseMeiji kumagatya amalungelo oluntu: "ngokude nje oku kungaphazamisi ukucwangciswa koluntu (chitsujo)." Iza kubuyisela umbusi kwi-preamble, ivumele ukubandakanyeka kwelizwe kwizithethe zaseYasukuni kwaye ibhuqe ngobuqili urhulumente wengingqi, waze wabetha iSiqendu 95.
Phambi kwalo naluphi na uhlaziyo, iziqinisekiso ezisele zingumgaqo-siseko (kwiSiqendu 25) "zobuncinane bemigangatho yokuphila ngokuphilileyo nenkcubeko" kunye (kwiSiqendu 21) senkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo njengelilize kwabo bangaqeshwanga ngokungaqhelekanga, abakhululekileyo, abo balwela uxolo kunye nabagxeki boluntu, njengoko Ngaba inqaku lesi-9 lithembisa ukuba iJapan ayisayi kuba โnomhlaba, ulwandle, okanye imikhosi yomoya.โ Njengoko "uhlaziyo" lwe-neo-liberal lusasazeka kwaye lusiya lusiba nzulu, ngakumbi uluntu lwaseJapan lwaseMelika, omnye kwabathathu babasebenzi baseJapan ngoku uxhatshazwa kwaye uhlwempuzekile "njengongekho mgaqweni," owenza udidi olutsha lwabasebenzi abahlwempuzekileyo ababizwa ngokuba yi "precariat," abo baphilayo. emideni. Iingxelo ezothusayo zabangathathi ntweni nabagulayo bebulawa yindlala (omnye ushiya inqaku elibuhlungu elichaza ukuba uyilangazelela njani ibhola yerayisiโฆ) Amanqanaba entlupheko anxulumeneyo (ngaphakathi kwe-OECD) mabi kakhulu e-United States kuphela. Ngokuphathelele inkululeko yokuthetha, isigwebo samva nje senkundla saqinisekisa ukugwetywa (kwizityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho) kwe "Tachikawa Three" ngokufakela amaphecana achasene nokuthunyelwa kwemikhosi yaseJapan eIraq kwiibhokisi zeleta zabasebenzi bomkhosi wokhuselo ngo-2003. Ngenxa "yolwaphulo-mthetho" lwabo. lokuqhankqalaza ukuthunyelwa kwamajoni ukuba inkundla yaseNagoya ngoku ifumanise ukuba akukho mthethweni kwaye akukho mgaqo-siseko, babanjwa kwaye bavalelwa iintsuku ezingama-75 eluvalelweni - ngokungathi ngabaphuli-mthetho.
Inqaku le-9 (imfazwe) kunye neSiqendu 25 (indlela yokuphila) nayo inokunxulumana ngokusondeleyo. Ngasekupheleni kowama-2007, omnye oselula owayephelelwe lithemba wapapasha isincoko esasiquka ukuphelelwa lithemba okugqugqisileyo ngoku, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abaselula. Kuye, kuphela ithemba lemfazwe elinika ithemba, kuba, wayekholelwa ukuba, kuphela kwimeko yemfazwe apho kunokubakho uhlobo lwesiphithiphithi soluntu ekunokuthi kuvele kulo.
UGavan McCormack ngumnxibelelanisi weJapan Focus. Ilizwe lakhe loMthengi: iJapan kwiAmerican Embrace, yapapashwa eNew York naseLondon ngo-2007, kwaye ukupapashwa kwayo kuguqulelo lwesiJapan, isiKorea, nesiTshayina sele kumbovu. Esi sincoko yinguqulelo ehlaziywe kancinane kwaye eyandisiweyo yakhe isincoko senyanga kulwimi lweenkobe zaseKorea mihla le, iKyunghyang sinmun, yapapashwa nge-2 kaJuni ka-2008.
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