I-cornucopia yobomi bomhlaba iye yavela ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-550 yezigidi. Ekuhambeni kwethuba, iziganeko ezintlanu zokubhanga kwabantu abaninzi ziye zabangela iingxaki ezinzulu kubomi kwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Eyesihlanu, eyabangelwa yimpembelelo enkulu ye-meteorite ecaleni konxweme lwaseYucatan yaseMexico, yatshintsha imozulu yoMhlaba, wakhupha iidinosaur yaza yatshintsha ikhondo lokuzivelela kwezinto eziphilayo.
Namhlanje indalo ifumana ilahleko ekhawulezileyo kangangokuba izazinzulu ezininzi zithi ukutshabalala kobunzima besithandathu kuyaqhubeka. Ngokungafaniyo nokuphela kwenyambalala edlulileyo, esi siganeko siqhutywa zizenzo zomntu ezidiliza kwaye ziphazamise i-ecosystem yendalo kunye nokutshintsha imozulu yoMhlaba.
Uphando lwam igxile kwi-ikhosistim kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu ukusuka kwingingqi ukuya kwizikali zehlabathi. Kuphononongo olutsha olunesihloko esithi โIsivumelwano seHlabathi seNdalo,โ sikhokelwa sisazi ngebhayoloji nengcali yobuchule bokulondoloza UEric Dinerstein, Abalingane abali-17 kunye nam senza imephu yendlela ngaxeshanye yokuthintela ukutshabalala kobunzima besithandathu kunye nokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu.
Senza isicwangciso sokukhusela ngokukhawuleza ubuncinci i-30% yomphezulu woMhlaba ukubeka iziqhoboshi kwilahleko ekhawulezayo yeentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, kwaye songeze enye i-20% equka i-ikhosistim enokufunxa izixa ezikhulu kakhulu zekhabhoni emoyeni. Ngokombono wethu, ilahleko yeentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kufuneka kujongwe njengengxaki enye edibeneyo enezisombululo ezidibeneyo.
Masenze isivumelwano
I-Global Deal yethu ngeNdalo isekelwe kwimephu emalunga newaka "ecoregions" emhlabeni naselwandle, esithe sayicalula ngokusekwe kuphando olukhula kumazwe ngamazwe. Nganye kuzo iqulethe indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yeentlobo kunye ne-ikhosistim, kwaye idlala indima ehambelanayo ekuthinteleni utshintsho lwemozulu.
I-ecosystem yendalo ifana neengxowa-mali ezifanayo kwimarike yamasheya eguquguqukayo. Ziqulethe iiwebhu ezizilawulayo zezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzisanayo. Umzekelo, amahlathi ashinyeneyo aqulethe i-kaleidoscope yeentlobo zemithi ezipakishwe kunye, ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kwimithi kunye nomhlaba.
Amahlathi anokumelana neentlekele zendalo kunye nokuqhambuka kwezifo eziyingozi ngenxa yokuba ziiphothifoliyo ezahlukeneyo zeempendulo zebhayoloji, ezilawulwa ngokwazo kunye naphakathi kweentlobo ezikhoyo kunye. Kunzima ukubabetha xa beshiywe bodwa besenza into yabo.
Imixokomelwano yokuphilisana kwendalo eyenziwe ngabantu ayithabatheli ndawo indawo yezinye zendalo. Umzekelo, amasimi emithi asiyonkqubo yendalo yamahlathi - zizityalo zemithi leyo gcina ikhabhoni encinci kakhulu kunamahlathi endalo, kwaye ifuna ukugcinwa okuninzi. Izityalo zikwaziidolophu ezisisiporho xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo ezifumaneka kumahlathi endalo.
Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lwe-ecosystem yendalo kukuba ziqhagamshelwe kwaye zinefuthe enye kwenye. Qwalasela iingqaqa ze-coral, ezingundoqo kwi-Global Deal for Nature kuba zigcina ikharbhon kwaye ziyindawo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Kodwa ayiloxabiso lazo kuphela elo: Zikwakhusela amanxweme kwizandyondyo zemvula, zixhasa iimangrove zangaphakathi kunye namadlelo aselunxwemeni ayindawo yokugcina i-carbon kunye nezindlu ezininzi zeentlobo. Ukuba i-ecosystem enye ilahlekile, umngcipheko kwabanye uyenyuka kakhulu. Uqhagamshelwano lubalulekile.
Ingcamango yokulondoloza imimandla emikhulu yesijikelezi-langa ukuze kulondolozwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ayintshanga. Iingcali ezininzi ezibalaseleyo ziye zayivuma ingcamango yokuba ukubekela ecaleni isiqingatha sobuso boMhlaba ukukhusela izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. I-Global Deal yeNdalo iqhubela phambili kakhulu le ngcamango ngokuchaza iimali, iindawo kunye neentlobo zokukhusela ezifunekayo ukuze lo mzamo uhambe ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukwakha kwiSivumelwano saseParis
Senze isifundo sethu ukuba sisebenze njengesikhokelo esinokuthi oorhulumente basebenzise kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa, efana neengxoxo zokutshintsha kwemozulu ezikhokelela kwiSivumelwano saseParis se-2015. Isivumelwano saseParis, esi Amazwe ali-197 atyikitye, ibeka iithagethi zehlabathi zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse, inika imodeli yoncedo lwemali kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi kwaye ixhasa imizamo yasekhaya kunye neyomhlaba jikelele.
Kodwa iSivumelwano saseParis asikukhuseli ukwahluka kobomi eMhlabeni. Ngaphandle kwesicwangciso esiliqabane, siya kuphulukana nobutyebi beentlobo ezithathe izigidi zeminyaka ukuba zivele kwaye ziqokelele.
Ngapha koko, oogxa bam kunye nam sikholelwa ukuba isiVumelwano saseParis asinakufezekiswa ngaphandle kokugcina kwangaxeshanye intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Nasi isizathu: Eyona ndlela isengqiqweni nengabizi kakhulu yokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse kunye nokususa iigesi kwiatmosfera kungoku nje. ukugcina ikhabhoni kwi-ikhosistim yendalo.
Amahlathi, amathafa engca, amadlelo, imango kunye nezinye iintlobo ezimbalwa ze-ecosystem zitsala eyona khabhoni ininzi emoyeni ngehektare nganye yomhlaba. Ukukhusela kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lwazo kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kuxabisa kakhulu kunobunjineli bemozulu ukucothisa isantya sokufudumala. Kwaye akukho xesha lokulahlekelwa.
Ixabisa ixabiso
Kuza kuthatha ntoni ukwenza i-Global Deal for Nature in action? Ukukhusela umhlaba nolwandle kubiza imali: Isicwangciso sethu siya kufuna uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olumalunga neebhiliyoni ezili-100 zeedola ngonyaka. Oku kunokuvakala ngathi kuninzi, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa, iinkampani zeSilicon Valley zifunyenwe phantse $ 60 billion ngo 2017 nje ukuthengisa apps. Kwaye iindleko ezabiwayo zifikeleleka kumazwe ngamazwe. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, uluntu lwethu lwehlabathi luchitha ngaphantsi kwesishumi saloo mali ukusindisa indalo eyohlukeneyo yoMhlaba.
Izizwe nazo ziya kufuna iteknoloji entsha ukuvavanya nokubeka iliso kwinkqubela phambili kunye nokubeka amanyathelo okusindisa izinto eziphilayo kuvavanyo. Ezinye izithako ezifunekayo kwinkqubo yokubeka iliso kwindalo ephilayo ngoku zisasazwe, ezifana iisathelayithi ezisisiseko ezichaza iindawo ngokubanzi zamahlathi neengqaqa. Abanye baphezulu kwaye basebenza kwizikali zengingqi, njenge iinkqubo zokulandela umkhondo emhlabeni ukubona izilwanyana kunye nabantu abazingelayo, kunye I-biodiversity ye-airborne kunye ne-carbon mapping teknoloji.
Kodwa amacandelo aphambili asalahlekile kwinqanaba lehlabathi, kubandakanya itekhnoloji enokuthi ihlalutye i-ecosystem ekujoliswe kuyo kunye neentlobo ezivela kwi-Earth orbit, kwinqwelomoya ebhabhayo ephezulu kunye nasebaleni ukuvelisa ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani malunga nokutshintsha kwemeko yobomi kwiplanethi yethu. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba olu hlobo lobuchwepheshe lukhona, kwaye inokunyuswa ngokukhawuleza ukuyila inkqubo yokubeka iliso yendalo yokuqala yehlabathi.
Itekhnoloji yeyona nxalenye ilula yomngeni. Ukulungelelanisa intsebenziswano yabantu ekufikeleleni usukelo olubanzi ngolo hlobo kunzima ngakumbi. Kodwa sikholelwa ukuba ixabiso lezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo zoMhlaba liphezulu kakhulu kuneendleko kunye nomzamo ofunekayo ukuwusindisa.
UGreg Asner, uMlawuli, iZiko loFundo lwehlabathi kunye neNzululwazi yoLondolozo kunye noNjingalwazi, KwiYunivesithi yaseArizona
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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