NgoMeyi 5th, 2008 KhanadaUmphathiswa wezoRhwebo, uDavid Emerson, ukubhengeze oko Khanada "isondele kakhulu" ekuqukumbeleni uthethathethwano lorhwebo lwasimahla kunye Kholambiya. Ngokutsho kwamagosa eSebe lezangaphandle, isivumelwano singafikelelwa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, okuthetha ukuba Khanada ingagqibezela isivumelwano sayo sorhwebo lwasimahla kunye Kholambiya phambi kokuba eunited States igqibezela isivumelwano sayo nelizwe lase-Andean. Kwi US, UBush ujongene nenkcaso eqinile yeCongressional kwintsebenziswano enjalo.
Khanadatyhala ngaphakathi Kholambiya yinxalenye yomdla wayo obanzi kunye nefuthe elikhulayo loqoqosho kwi ilatin America ukubuyela emva koo-1990. Iinkokeli zezopolitiko kunye nezoshishino zaseCanada ziye zacaca ukuba ukwanda kwezoqoqosho kwiLatin America (kunye ne Caribbean) yeyona nto iphambili kumgaqo-nkqubo welizwe laseKhanada. Le ajenda iye yanyuswa phantsi korhulumente kaStephen Harper Tory, kunye nabaphathiswa bekhabhinethi batyhutyha ummandla wonke besakha. Khanadaubudlelwane bezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho. Ngo-2006, Khanada yaba ngumtyali-mali omkhulu wangaphandle kwi-Latin America kunye ne- Caribbean. Ngoyena mtyalo-mali omkhulu kwimigodi kwaye unobukho obuqinileyo kwiinkonzo zemali, unxibelelwano kunye neoli kunye negesi phakathi kwamanye amashishini.
Kholambiya ngundoqo wolu thethwano kunye ne Americas. Abaphathiswa abathathu bekhabhinethi kurhulumente weHarper Tory, kubandakanya noHarper ngokwakhe, bandwendwela Kholambiya kwaye wadibana nabezopolitiko abakwizikhundla eziphezulu apho kwisithuba seenyanga ezisibhozo phakathi kukaJulayi, 2007 noFebruwari, 2008. UHarper wadibana no-Uribe ngoJulayi, 2007 ukuxoxa ngenyathelo lorhwebo olukhululekileyo. UBeverly Oda, umphathiswa weNtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe, wadibana naye Kholambiya's Minister of Foreign Affairs ngoJanuwari, 2008, ukuxoxa ngeeprojekthi zoncedo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wemigodi. Kwaye uMaxime Bernier, uMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yaNgaphandle, wadibana no-Uribe ngoFebruwari, i-2008 ukuba aphinde axoxe ngobudlelwane bezoqoqosho. Ngaphandle kwe US (KhanadaUmmelwane kunye neqabane elikhulu lokurhweba) kunye Afghanistani (apho Khanada Kusemfazweni) alikho elinye ilizwe eliye lafumana olu hlobo lokuhoywa kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwiinkokeli zezopolitiko zaseCanada kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Kholambiya: Intlekele Yamalungelo Abantu
Khanadaumzamo wokuqinisa ubudlelwane bayo kunye Kholambiya iza phezu kwazo nje iingxaki zamalungelo oluntu ezibhalwe kakuhle. Ushishino lwabucala, utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kunye nokungalingani okugqithisileyo kugcinwa ngamanqanaba angaqhelekanga obundlobongela kunye nobundlobongela baseburhulumenteni. Olu loyiko, lujoliswe ikakhulu kwiimanyano zabasebenzi, kunye nabantu bomthonyama kunye nabalimi abamhlaba wabo unobutyebi obungaphantsi komhlaba, bandile ngohlengahlengiso lwe-neoliberal kunye nobukho obukhulayo bamazwe angaphandle, kubandakanya nama-Canada, amaqumrhu. Ngelixa imikhosi ephambili ye-guerrilla, i-Revolutionary Armed Forces yaseColombia (i-FARC) kunye ne-National Liberation Army (ELN), baye benza ubundlobongela ngokuchasene nabadlali bemibutho yentlalontle, ngokutsho kweKhomishini yaseColombia ye-Jurists imikhosi yezokhuseleko kunye ne-paramilitaries i-akhawunti yesininzi kakhulu. zeziganeko ezinjalo.
Kholambiya Imi ngaphandle kweqela elisondeleleneyo kwihlabathi namhlanje ngenani lemibutho yabasebenzi ebuleweyo. Ukususela ngowe-1991, zingaphezu kwama-2,000 XNUMX iinkokeli zabasebenzi eziye zabulawa. Amashumi amane anesibini eepesenti okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngokuchasene neemanyano zemibutho kwenzeka kwicandelo lezemigodi. Amashumi alithoba anesixhenxe eepesenti okubulawa kwabantu abangamalungu emanyano yabasebenzi benziwa ngabadlali basemkhosini nabasemkhosini, kwaye isithathu ekhulwini siqhutywa ngabavukeli kunye nabanye abadlali abaxhobileyo.
Ngeli xesha, abantu abazizigidi ezithathu baye bagxothwa Kholambiya, izigidi ezibini zazo zagxothwa kwimimandla enemigodi njengemikhosi yomkhosi kunye nemikhosi yomkhosi ivula indlela yenkunzi yamazwe angaphandle. Oku kufuduswa kubotshelelwe ngamaqondo angaqhelekanga obundlobongela kwimimandla yemigodi. Ngokwenkokeli yombutho wezimayini kunye nokujoliswe kuko kumalinge okubulala, uFrancisco Ramírez Cuellar, kwiindawo zemigodi phakathi kwe-1995 kunye ne-2002, bekukho ukubulala okungama-828, ukunyamalala okunyanzeliswayo kwe-142, abantu abayi-117 benzakele, abantu abangama-71 bathuthunjiswa, abantu abangama-355 batshutshiswa ngokubulawa kunye ne-150. qho ngonyaka. Ngaphezulu kwaloo manani, kwabakho abantu abangama-433 ababulawa ngogonyamelo.
Nokuba ngaba iinkampani zangaphandle zisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kunye nee-paramilitaries (kwaye zihlala zikhona), ziyazuza kule nkcubeko yobundlobongela. Ewe, igagasi langaphambili lokwandiswa kwenkampani yaseCanada Kholambiya ngeminyaka yoo-1990 – kuquka utyalo-mali luka-Enbridge kumbhobho we-OCENSA, utyalo-mali lwemigodi ye-Corona Goldfield e-Simiti kunye notyalo-mali luka-Nortel kwimarike yothungelwano lwezonxibelelwano lwabucala, phakathi kwezinye - luququzelelwe ngokuthe ngqo ngurhulumente kunye noloyiko lwe-paramilitary ngokuchasene nabadlali bentshukumo yentlalo. Kwakhona kwaququzelelwa, kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela, ngumbuso waseCanada, owawuncediswa ngelo xesha ngoorhulumente beLiberal. Omnye wemizekelo emibi kakhulu yale nkxaso, mhlawumbi, yiCanadian International Development Agency’s (CIDA) exhasa ngezimali ukubhalwa ngokutsha Kholambiyaikhowudi yezemigodi ngendlela eyomeleleyo yomtyali-mali wangaphandle.
Ekudumiseni iColombia: URhulumente weHarper ngokungazi ngabom
Urhulumente waseHarper ukhusela intshukumo yakhe yokuqinisa ubudlelwane baseCanada kunye neColombia ngakumbi ngokudlala phantsi iingxaki ezinzulu zamalungelo oluntu ezithwaxa ilizwe kunye neenkokeli zezopolitiko kunye neenkokeli zezopolitiko ezibandakanyekayo kuzo.
UHarper uthathe ithuba lotyelelo lwakhe kweli lizwe ukuze adumise u-Uribe, echaza ukuba “uMongameli u-Uribe kunye norhulumente wakhe benze inkqubela phambili enkulu ngokuchasene nomjikelo okhohlakeleyo wongquzulwano, ubundlobongela kunye nokungaphuhlisi okuthe kwathwaxa. Kholambiya kangangamashumi eminyaka.” Indumiso kaHarper ngo-Uribe eneneni iguqulwe igama-negama nguBernier ngexesha lohambo lwakhe olulandelayo kwilizwe elidlavulwe yimfazwe, ngokungathi ukuyithetha ngokwaneleyo inokuba yinyani (okanye boyika into enokwenzeka ukuba abanamathelanga. ngokwenkolo kumyalezo olula, othe ngqo nocaphuka lula ngalo mba).
Emva kokubhengeza ngoMeyi, ka-2008 ukuba isivumelwano sorhwebo ngokukhululekileyo sisondele, u-Emerson uphinde waphepha inkxalabo malunga nerekhodi yamalungelo e-Colombia kunye ne-Uribe: , andiqondi ukuba kulungile ukusuka nje … ubabambe kwaye ubohlwaye xa bezama ngamandla ukwenza inkqubela.” Endaweni yoko, ingxaki ikwingcamango yokuqhwanyaza kweengcamango zabagxeki besivumelwano sorhwebo: “Kukho abantu abathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezibambekayo, abafuni ukuba senze isivumelwano sorhwebo ngokukhululekileyo nabo. Kholambiya. "
Kodwa kamsinya nje emva kwezimvo zikaBernier, kwaye kwiinyanga nje ezimbini phambi kweka-Emerson, ubuncinci iimanyano zabasebenzi ezithandathu ezithathe inxaxheba okanye ezincedisayo ekuququzeleleni uqhanqalazo lwelizwe lonke oluchasene nobundlobongela obuphathelele kurhulumente kunye nobundlobongela nge-6 kaMatshi ka-2008 babulawa. Abane babulawa kwisithuba seveki yoqhanqalazo. Abakhi-mkhanyo baphikisa ukuba ukubulawa kunye nezisongelo zokufa ziququzelelwe ngamagqabaza omhlobo osondeleyo wezopolitiko kunye nomcebisi ka-Uribe, uJosé Obdulio Gavaria, owabiza abaququzeleli boqhanqalazo ukuba yi-FARC guerrillas kumajelo eendaba. Izityholo ezinjalo zifana nokubeka i-bounty entloko yomntu, ngenxa yokuba urhulumente kunye ne-paramilitaries balwa ne-FARC kwaye ngoko bajonga amalungu kunye nabaxhasi bayo ukuba bajoliswe ngokusemthethweni. Kwaziwa kakuhle ukuba ukubiza abachasi bakarhulumente ngamalungu okanye abalandeli be-FARC - kwaye ke "abanqolobi" - kudla ngokuba sisingxengxezo esisetyenziselwa ukubacim' igama.
Kodwa ukubulawa kwabantu malunga ne-6 kaMatshith uqhanqalazo, olusenokwenzeka ukuba lwenziwa ngamajoni, ayinto engaqhelekanga phantsi kwe-Uribe. Izinga lokubulawa kwabantu ngamajoni nyaka ngamnye, ngokweKhomishini yaseColombia yeeJurists, iphakathi kwabantu abangama-800-900, kwaye ayizange itshintshe ukusukela ngo-2003 xa urhulumente wase-Uribe ebefanele ukuba "ubathomalalisa". Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente wase-Uribe ujongene nehlazo lorhwaphilizo apho iinkokheli zezopolitiko ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesixhenxe, uninzi lwazo ezinobudlelwane obuqinileyo no-Uribe kwaye abanye babo bengamalungu osapho lwakhe, bephantsi kophando malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwabo.
Ubundlobongela nobuqhophololo bendele ngokunzulu kubomi bezopolitiko baseColombia. Unyulo luhlala lubonisa ukubulawa kwabagqatswa, izoyikiso ezijoliswe kubagqatswa kunye nabavoti, ukuthengwa kwevoti, ukuxhaswa ngemali ngokungekho mthethweni kwephulo, ubuqhetseba kunye nokungavunyelwa kwabantu abaninzi belizwe. Emva konyulo lwango-Oktobha 28, 2007 lweerhuluneli, oosodolophu nezikhundla zoomasipala, abakhimkhanyo be-OAS baqaphele ukuba ezi zitenxo zolonyulo, ezinye zazo abazibonele ngokwabo, zijongela phantsi idemokhrasi elizweni. Omnye umakhi-mkhanya wathi “Kholambiya ineyona nkqubo yonyulo isemva kakhulu ilatin America. "
Thelekisa olo qwalaselo kunye nolo lwabakhi-mkhanyo bamazwe ngamazwe abafumene ireferendamu yokurhoxiswa kunye nonyulo lukamongameli we Venezuela's Hugo Chavez ukuba ngobulungisa kwaye esemthethweni. Kodwa ngokweenkokheli zezopolitiko zaseCanada, uChavez's Venezuela, nangona unamalungelo oluntu aphezulu kakhulu kunye nerekhodi yonyulo kunokuba Kholambiya kunye neenzame zokwabiwa ngokutsha kobutyebi kuluntu oluhlwempuzekileyo, ngoozwilakhe. eUribe Kholambiya, kwelinye icala, sisibane senkululeko nedemokhrasi. Ngexesha lotyelelo lwakhe Kholambiya, uHarper wancoma urhulumente kwaye wayinikezela (kunye Chile, athe waphinda wandwendwela) njengenye indawo koorhulumente be-Left-Wing kummandla wase-Andean. “Ngelixa amazwe amaninzi efuna uhlaziyo lwemarike nophuhliso lwedemokhrasi,” wacacisa, “abanye [ukufunda Venezuela, Ekhuwado kwaye Bholiviya] babuyela kubuhlanga bezoqoqosho nasekukhuseleni, kubupolitika bezobupolitika nakulawulo olungenagunya.”
Ilizwe loMxumi wama-Impiriyali
Inkcazo elahlekisayo kaHarper etal yenkqubela yezopolitiko kwingingqi yaseAndean, kunye nokuhlala kwabo e-Uribe ngaphandle kwenkxaso yakhe kubundlobongela baseburhulumenteni kunye nobundlobongela, asiyongozi. Kodwa ngelixa bepeyinta i-caricature Kholambiya kunye nabamelwane bayo isebenza ukuthethelela ukuqhubeka utyalo-mali lwequmrhu kweli lizwe, ikwasebenza enye injongo ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo. KholambiyaIinkokeli zezopolitiko ziyazingca ngokuthobela izilangazelelo zobukhosi kulo mmandla, ngelixa oorhulumente abazingqongileyo besanda bengenjalo; lihlakani lobukhosi elithembekileyo phakathi kokungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho ezimelwe yimibutho eyomeleleyo yezentlalo kunye noorhulumente bePhiko leLeft.
Ngaloo ndlela eunited States kwaye Khanada bakhethe ukukhuthaza Kholambiya njengesikhuselo esindlongondlongo nesinamandla somkhosi ngokuchasene ne-impiriyalizim kulo mmandla - i Sirayeli ye IAndes. Njengoko Sirayeli , Kholambiya ifumana inkxaso yezozakuzo eyomeleleyo kumahlakani ayo asebukhosini nangona irekhodi layo elibi lamalungelo kunye nentiyo yayo ngakubamelwane bayo. Kwaye njengaye Sirayeli , iye yaba ngumxhamli kwi-largesse yemikhosi yaseMelika, ngakumbi nge-4.1 yebhiliyoni yeSicwangciso Kholambiya. Njengoko abagxeki baye babonisa, Cwangcisa Kholambiya, evezwe phantsi kweBill Clinton kwaye ebizwa ngegama lenzelwe ukujolisa kwishishini le-coca, ibangele ukwanda kobundlobongela kunye nokufuduka kwimimandla apho iinkampani zangaphandle zinethemba lokuxhaphaza imithombo yendalo. Ngaphandle kwale nto, KhanadaIMicimbi yezaNgaphandle iyasixhasa esidlangalaleni esi sikimu.
Khanada naye ube negalelo ngqo kwi KholambiyaUkwakhiwa komkhosi, ukuba ngendlela encinci xa kuthelekiswa ne US. Ubuncinci iihelicopter ezingamashumi amane anesihlanu ziye zathengiswa ukusuka Khanada ngomkhosi kunye neenkampani zabucala - amashumi amathathu anesithathu liSebe lezoKhuselo lweSizwe (DND) - ukuya emkhosini waseColombia ukususela ngo-1995. I-DND yathengisa i-Bell CH135 choppers kwiSebe leSizwe lase-U.S. Kholambiya. I-DND yayisazi ukuba iihelikopta zazisingise phi xa yayithengisa. Nangona urhulumente waseKhanada efuna iimvume zokuthumela ngaphandle kwezixhobo zomkhosi kwaye uthi uyachasa ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo kumazwe angquzulanayo kunye nerekhodi yokuxhatshazwa kwamalungelo oluntu, akukho mvume yokuthumela ngaphandle eyayifuneka kwintengiso ye-DND kuba iihelikopta zazithengiswa kuqala US. Enye inkampani yaseKhanada, iVector Aerospace, yangena kwikhontrakthi ngo-2001 ngumkhosi waseColombia ukuze kugcinwe inqwelo-ntaka kunye nokusevisa.
Kutshanje, kwincwadi echaza konke ebizwa Nous étions invincibles (Besingenakulinganiswa) owayesakuba nguMbutho weMisebenzi eDityanisiweyo 2 (KhanadaIyunithi ye-commando eyimfihlo kakhulu) ithi i-Commandos yaseCanada yalwa ne-FARC ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990. Ukuba yinyani-kwaye kunzima ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kunikwe ubume obuyimfihlo be-JTF2, nangona kungekho sizathu silungileyo sokuba umbhali enze amabali malunga nokulwa ne-FARC ngokukodwa-sisityhilelo esimangalisayo sokuba umkhosi waseKhanada ungenelele ngokunyanisekileyo. Kholambiya.
KholambiyaIndima yobupolisa kulo mmandla yaboniswa ngokucacileyo nge-1 kaMatshist, ngo-2008, xa umkhosi wayo waphula ulongamo lwase-Ecuadorian kwaye wadubula inkampu ye-FARC engaphakathi nje komda we-Ecuadorian. Kholambiya. Amajoni asemhlabeni aseColombia awela emva koko Ekhuwado ukukhusela inkampu. Abantu abangamashumi amabini anesithathu babulawa kuhlaselo, kubandakanywa no-FARC wesibini kumyalelo kunye nomdlali obalulekileyo ekukhutshweni kwangoku nje kweqela le-guerrilla, uRaul Reyes. Ekhuwado kwaye Venezuela (eye yasongelwa ngu Kholambiya kutsha nje) baphendule kolu lwaphula lomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ngokuqhawula amaqhina ozakuzo kunye nokuthumela imikhosi, iitanki kunye neenqwelo moya kwimida yabo yaseColombia.
Ngelixa amajelo eendaba aseColombia kunye namazwe aphesheya axela ngokubanzi ukuba abo babuleweyo yayingabavukeli be-FARC, kwavela ukuba omnye wayengummi wase-Ecuador kwaye abane yayingabafundi baseMexico abaphumelele udliwano-ndlebe namalungu e-FARC ngophando lwabo ngenkqubo yoxolo yelizwe. U-Uribe naye uthi, njengoko kwaxelwa ngokubanzi kumajelo eendaba, ukuba ikhompyutha kaReyes, efunyenwe ngamajoni aseColombia nangona inkampu iguqulelwe ukuba ibe yi-rumble, iqulethe ubungqina obuchanekileyo obudibanisa uHugo Chavez kunye nemali yaseVenezuela kwi-FARC. Eli bango alizange liqinisekiswe ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye akukho budlelwane bungekho mthethweni phakathi kweChavez kunye ne-FARC eziye zabhalwa. Uribe ukwatyhola ukuba umfanekiso Reyes nge EkhuwadoUmphathiswa wezokhuseleko wayekwilaptop yenkokeli yeFARC. Ifoto yashicilelwa kwiphepha lokuqala lemihla ngemihla yaseColombia, Ixesha, ngaphambi kokuba kutyhilwe ukuba umntu onoReyes eneneni wayengunobhala weQela lamaKomanisi laseArgentina.
U-Uribe uyala ngokuqinileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba Kholambiya ayisayi kuphinda ilujongele phantsi ulongamo lwabamelwane bayo. Kunoko, uyabambelela KholambiyaIlungelo lokungenelela kwangaphambili kummandla njengokhuseleko olucingelwayo kubunqolobi. Ungenelelo kwi Ekhuwado kwaye isoyikiso sokuyenza kwakhona sisilumkiso esicacileyo esivela Kholambiya kubamelwane bayo abathe nca ekhohlo ukuba ayizulibazisa ukuphosa amandla ayo omkhosi xa bephuma emgceni.
UChavez eneneni ubange kakuhle phambi kwe-1 kaMatshist gqogqa oko Kholambiya, ngenkxaso ye eunited States, wayezama ukucaphukisa Venezuela kungquzulwano lomkhosi. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, urhulumente waseColombia waqesha ngokufihlakeleyo amagosa omkhosi waseVenezuela kunye namagosa ezokhuseleko ukuba athinjwe inkokeli yaseKholombiya esekhohlo; Amajoni aseColombia angenile Venezuela ukuxhasa ngobundlobongela abacebi be-anti-Chavez; kwaye amajoni ayedla ngokuwela eVenezuela ukuya kuzingela abantu abababalekayo.
Khanada isekela KholambiyaUkunyhashwa kolongamo lwase-Ecuadorian, ukuba akunjalo ngokungafihlisiyo eunited States. Nangona indima yaseColombia njenge-aggressor, ubunjani obunzulu bezenzo zayo kunye nokungazinzi okunokuthi kubangele ummandla, ukungenelela kweCanada kwingxoxo ye-OAS kweso siganeko yayingumzuzu omnye kunye nemizuzwana elishumi. KhanadaUmmeli kwi-OAS, uGraeme Clarke, wenze umnxeba omfutshane kunye jikelele wokuba kuhlonitshwe ulongamo, ngaphandle kokuchaza igama. Kholambiya njengowaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe okanye ukuyigxeka ngokusongela ukuyenza kwakhona. Ayisiyonto ilula ukufunda ungenelelo lukaClarke njengoko luyalelwe kungekuphela nje Kholambiya kodwa nakwi Venezuela kwaye Ekhuwado ekucingelwa ukuba uxhasa abanqolobi kunye nokuthumela amajoni kwimida yabo Kholambiya ekuphenduleni ubundlongondlongo bokugqibela. Emva koko wabongoza incoko phakathi kwamazwe amathathu kunye nolamlo olucetywayo ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngokungathi bonke banempazamo ngokulinganayo okanye u-Uribe ukhe wabonisa umdla omkhulu kulamlo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Dibanisa la mazwi kunye neenzame zeenkokheli zopolitiko zaseKhanada ukuqinisa ubudlelwane kunye Kholambiya, kwaye kucacile apho Khanada' umdla kwi IAndes Ubuxoki.
Uvavanyo oluthe kratya lwaseKhanada lwemeko lubonelelwa nguVladimir Torres, umhlalutyi kunye neCanada Foundation for the Americas (I-FOCAL), itanki yokucinga yoPhiko lwaMalungelo exhaswa ngemali yiMicimbi yezaNgaphandle eneendlebe zeenkokeli zopolitiko kwimiba yomgaqo-nkqubo ephathelele Americas. UTorres uyakhusela Kholambiyaizenzo kwi Ekhuwado ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwi-a Globe kunye ne-Mail op-ed piece: “Umntu unokuxoxa ukuba ukuba Sirayeli babelungile ukuqhushumbisa iHezbollah emazantsi Libhanon, ngoko Kholambiya wayelungile ukuzikhusela Ekhuwado.” Ingozi yangempela kummandla, ngokutsho kweTorres, yi Venezuela, Ekhuwado kwaye Nikharaguwa (umongameli wakhe, uDaniel Ortega, uthi usondela kuChavez) abachasene nedemokhrasi kwaye baxhasa "ubunqolobi." Nangona irekhodi lamalungelo oluntu, ngoko, Kholambiya iphinda iboniswe njengomkhuseli wenkululeko kwi IAndes.
The Sirayeli Isifaniso sifanelekile ngokwenene, ukuba akunjalo ngezizathu ezifanayo njengoko uTorres enokucinga. Kholambiya, njengoko ndiphawulile apha ngasentla, ibekwe ngokucacileyo njengokhuselo lommandla ngokuchasene nedemokhrasi kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo woqoqosho oluqhubela phambili kumagunya ama impiriyali afana ne eunited States kwaye Khanada. Ngelixa uhlaselo oluthe ngqo yi US kwaye Khanada ukukhusela umdla wabo kummandla akunakwenzeka okwangoku, abaxhobileyo, abanobudlova kwaye bayathobela. Kholambiya inokunceda ukomeleza isandla sabo sobukhosi kwi IAndes. Oku kulele emva komgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle waseCanada Kholambiya.
Kubalulekile, ke ngoko, ukuba iCanada yasekhohlo ichasene nesiphakamiso sokurhweba ngokukhululekileyo kunye neKholombiya kunye nokuqhelaniswa nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle jikelele waseCanada kwi-Andes. Akukho nto ilungileyo inokuvela kolu lwazi. Injongo yayo kukuthintela iinzame eziqhubela phambili zokuqalisa ukubuyisela umva iinzuzo zama impiriyali ezenziwe kulo mmandla kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Kwaye itshutshiswa ngexabiso elikhulu kumalungelo kunye nokhuseleko lwe KholambiyaUninzi lwamahlwempu.
UTodd Gordon ngumbhali we Amapolisa, uLwaphulo-mthetho kunye ne-Capitalism: i-Ajenda yoMthetho kunye no-Order in Khanada kunye namanqaku amaninzi kwi New Socialist iphephancwadi. Ungunjingalwazi oncedisayo kwizifundo zaseKhanada kwi KwiYunivesithi of Toronto, kwaye inokufikelelwa kuyo [imeyile ikhuselwe].
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela