Akukho mathandabuzo amancinci okuba ukuba ulawulo luka-Obama lukhe lwakwazi ukuzisa umbhexeshi we-NSA u-Edward Snowden phambi kwejaji kumhlaba waseMelika, idrama eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza iya kuba luvavanyo lwenkulungwane entsha.
Kodwa nangona kukho konke okukuko, ngaba abalawuli bakulangazelela ngokwenene ukwenza oko? Ngokumangalisayo, impendulo isenokuba โhayi,โ yaye ngenxa yesizathu esinye esilulaโuvavanyo lwale nkulungwane lusenokungena ngokukhawuleza kwihlazo lale nkulungwane.
Ukuqinisekisa, ukusuka kumbono wobugcisa, iSebe lezoBulungisa linetyala elinamandla kakhulu. U-Snowden utyholwa ngamathathu anzima kakhulu amatyala federal ethwele isigwebo esinokubakho sidityanisiwe seminyaka engama-30 entolongweni: ityala elinye lobusela bepropathi karhulumente kunye nokunyhashwa okuphindwe kabini koMthetho wezobuNhloli we-1917 ngokusasaza ulwazi oluyimfihlo lokhuselo nobukrelekrele malunga nokuhlola kwe-NSA kwiintatheli uGlenn Greenwald, ngoko wephephandaba iThe Guardian, uBarton Gellman waseWashington. Iposi kunye noLaura Poitras.
Ngokutsho kweengcali ezininzi zomthetho, kuquka iGreenwald, iinjongo ze-Snowden zokuvuza amaxwebhu ayimfihlo kunye neefayile zekhompyutheni ayinamsebenzi ngokomthetho phantsi kwe-Espionage Act, apho ukhuselo olusesikweni lokubhenela lungasetyenziswayo. Njengoko kutshutshiso luka-2012 owayesakuba ngumhlalutyi weCIA uJohn Kiriakou ngenxa ukuxela ulwazi oluchaziweyo kumaphephandaba malunga nokufakwa kwamanzi kwamabanjwa e-al-Qaida kunye nonyaka ophelileyo Chelsea Manning inkundla-yamajoni, Ijaji ka-Snowden inokukhuphela ngaphandle ubungqina obunjalo kwityala lakhe. Ngenxa yoko, ijaji ka-Snowden ayinakuze ithathele ingqalelo into ebinokuba lukhuselo lwakhe oluphambili-ukuba akenzanga kunceda iintshaba zesizwe kodwa waveza ubugwenxa bukarhulumente nokukhusela amalungelo ethu omgaqo-siseko.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa izinto ezingathandekiyo zibekwe ngamandla ngenxa yabo, abatshutshisi bajoja igazi emanzini kwaye bajonge ukohlwaya kakhulu. Kodwa kwiveki ephelileyo, iGqwetha leGqwetha lika-Eric Holder, umtshutshisi ophambili welizwe, ubambe ithuba lokubandakanyeka. plea uthethathethwano kunye no-Snowden ukuba umbaleki ubuyile, nangona esagxininisa ukuba u-Snowden "wophule umthetho ... wenze umonakalo kukhuseleko lwesizwe kwaye kufuneka aphendule ngezenzo zakhe."
Ngokungafaniyo netyala likaManning, elenzeka kwisiseko somkhosi esivaliweyo, okanye ukutshutshiswa kukaKiriakou kunye nabanye abavuthela impempe ngexesha lika-Obama, elafumana ingqalelo encinci yemihla ngemihla, ityala le-Snowden liya kuba ziindaba ezikhethekileyo ezingama-24/7. imvakalelo, nokuba iikhamera ezibukhoma bezivaliwe enkundleni kwaye ababukeli baye bakhutshelwa ngaphandle kwezinye iindibano ezibandakanya izinto ezingekachazwa.
Njengoko abalawuli besazi kakuhle, siphila kwinkcubeko eqhutywa ngamajelo eendaba esonwatyiswa ziinkcukacha ezifihlakeleyo zokutshutshisa ngolwaphulo-mthetho kunye namahlazo ezopolitiko-ingqina Imilinganiselo yeTV ephezulu iphunyezwe yinethiwekhi yentambo ye-HLN ngokusasaza kwayo ityala lokubulala lika-Jodi Arias e-Arizona kunye ne-saturation yangoku ye-New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's "bridge-gate" debacle. Njengesekisi yeendaba esulungekileyo, ukutshutshiswa kuka-Snowden kuya kubadlula bonke, befumana iwonga lokutsalwa kwelizwe ngendlela ye-O.J. Ityala likaSimpson phakathi kwiminyaka yee-90.
Kodwa ayingomoya wesekisi nje wetyala lika-Snowden abaphathi abanokuthi bafune ukuwuphepha kwaye, ndiyakrokra, unoMphathi othetha ngothethathethwano. Yinto enokuthi ityhilwe lityala kunye nesekisi malunga nokugqwesa kwelizwe laseMelika lokucupha kunye nokungabikho kokusesikweni kokutshutshisa indoda ebongwe ngabantu abaninzi ngokuzisa olo lwazi.
Nokuba ijaji ka-Snowden yayingabandakanyi ubungqina besizathu ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kwetyala kwaye uSnowden wakhetha ukungathathi cala, iSebe lezoBulungisa kusafuneka libonise kwinkundla evulekileyo kanye ukuba yintoni na iifayile zokucupha ze-NSA kunye neenkqubo zekhompyuter u-Snowden azenzileyo kwaye wabhengeza. Abagqabaza kuzo zonke iinethiwekhi ezinkulu banokuhamba kude kube sebusuku besasaza izityhilelo zosuku ngalunye, bexoxa ngokuba semthethweni kunye nemfuneko yemisebenzi ye-NSA kunanini na ngaphambili, bebiza iziphumo ezibi yeephaneli ezimbini zokuphonononga isebe elilawulayo kunye nokuphonononga kwakhona uluvo lwezomthetho olubhalwe ngoDisemba nguMgwebi weSithili wase-US uRichard Leon, owagqiba ukuba i-NSA yokuqokelela i-dragnet ye-metadata yomnxeba. ingasebenzi ngobuchule kwaye phantse ngokuqinisekileyo akukho mgaqo-siseko.
Yonke imihla ityala liqhubeka, umtshutshisi naye kuya kufuneka alwe nethuba lokuba abalandeli baka-Snowden bakhuphe amaxwebhu amatsha e-NSA emhlabeni, besebenzisa iqhinga loxinzelelo abathi abanye abakhi-mkhanyo bathi "i-graymail.โ Kwaye ekugwebeni, njengoko wayesebenzisa ilungelo lakhe "ulwabiwo, "Ekugqibeleni sasiza kuva ku-Snowden ngokwakhe, kungekhona kumbandela wetyala okanye ubumsulwa kodwa kumbuzo wesohlwayo ukucacisa ukuba kutheni efanelwe ububele kwaye akufanele athunyelwe entolongweni ngenxa yokuma kwimeko yokubeka iliso.
Kulawulo, le yimeko ebuhlungu. Kunokuba avalelwe uSnowden, a isisombululo esingcono kakhulu-enye ingxelo ephantsi kovavanyo kwi-NSA kunye ivunywe ngokupheleleyo yibhodi yabahleli beThe New York Times-inokuba luhlobo oluthile lwe uxolelo okanye inceba, ngokungqinelana negunya likamongameli loxolelo phantsi kweSiqendu II, iCandelo II loMgaqo-siseko.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ewe, umongameli uye waba ngqongqo kakhulu ngoxolelo, ebangela ukuba ezinye iingcali zicacise ukuba Umbulelo turkey kungenzeka ukuba ufumane uxolelo ku-Obama kunommangalelwa ofanelekileyo wolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukususela ekuthatheni kwakhe i-ofisi kwi-2008, u-Obama unikezele ngezenzo ze-61 zenceba kunye nokuxolelwa, xa kuthelekiswa ne-200 ekhutshwe nguGeorge W. Bush kunye ne-450 ekhutshwe nguBill Clinton.
Kodwa ngesibhengezo samva nje ukuba iRussia izimisele ukuyenza ukwandisa indawo yokukhosela kaSnowden isimo, amathuba mahle ezayo elandelayo Thanksgiving Snowden useza kuba eMoscow kunokuba kwinqwelomoya ubuyela Washington. Phakathi kwangoku ukuya kuthi ga ngelo xesha, u-Obama wayenokuzisindisa kwihlazo lale nkulungwane kwaye enze into elungileyo ngokususa isoyikiso sokubanjwa kuka-Snowden etafileni. Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokoโnokuba luxolelo olupheleleyo okanye uhlobo oluthile lwesivumelwano sokucela uxoloโifanele ibe kuphela kwento eseleyo kwi-ajenda yezomthetho.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 amagqabantshintshi
Ndiyamazi uMnumzana Blum-iyakuba lulingo lwenkulungwane entsha kodwa emva kokufunda malunga nokuxinana kwemithombo yeendaba ephethwe ngamashishini kunye neziphumo ezibe ziziphumo (Imvume Eyenziweyo kunye nobuninzi bokungazi) Ndiyazibuza ukuba le mpendulo ibilindelwe ngabemi bemihla ngemihla. ihlabathi liya kuba sisiphumo. Andisiso, "esona sixhobo sibukhali kwidrowa" kodwa ndiyifundile incwadi yakho ethi "Killing Hope" kwaye amajelo eendaba anamhlanje awafane akhankanye iziphumo zakho kwincwadi. Abemi baseMelika, eCanada nakwezinye iindawo abaziโฆ. ke ... abaphenduli kwaye bacaphuke kwaye benze uqhanqalazo kwaye bayeke olungenelelo lweCIA kunye noMkhosi. Mhlawumbi sonke senza nje into ebekufanele ukuba siyayenza-sizama ukwabelana ngento esiyifundileyo kwaye, "Yidlulise".
Blair Phillips
UGM waseCanada odla umhlala phantsi
eSt. Catharines, eOntario