Curitiba, eBrazil - Ngomhla we-9 kaNovemba uRoberto Requião, iRhuluneli yelizwe laseParana, waphatha kakubi ishishini lezolimo xa watyikitya ummiselo wokuhlutha indawo yovavanyo yovavanyo lwenkampani yaseSwitzerland yaseSyngenta, eseSanta Tereza do Oeste. Lo myalelo wenziwe ngomdla woluntu kuba iSyngenta yatyala ngokungekho mthethweni iihektare ezili-12 zeembotyi zesoya eziguqulwe ngokwemfuza (GM) kwisiza. Lo myalelo awuzange ubonwe ngaphambili eBrazil naseLatin America (eneneni, kwihlabathi), ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili naliphi na ilizwe okanye urhulumente wobumbano uye wathatha umhlaba kwishishini lezolimo lamazwe ngamazwe. Isenzo simela imvakalelo ekhulayo phakathi kwezopolitiko zaseLatin America ukuchasa amandla akhulayo amaqumrhu amashishini ezolimo, kwaye bubungqina bokunyuka kwentlangano kunye namandla oluntu ekuhlaleni.
Isigqibo se-Requião sokuhlutha indawo yeehektare ezili-127 ngokungathandabuzekiyo sisiphumo soxinzelelo oluvela kuluntu. Ummiselo wokuhluthwa kwesiza weza emva kweenyanga ezisibhozo, ukuhlala okungenabundlobongela kwesi siza ngamalungu emibutho yentlalo yasemaphandleni i-Via Campesina kunye ne-Movement of the Landless Rural Workers (MST), eyayihlala kwisiza ngo-Matshi 14th emva kokuba. i-Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Natural Resources (IBAMA), i-arhente yendalo esingqongileyo, yaqinisekisa ukuba i-Syngenta ityale ngokungekho mthethweni iimbotyi zesoya zeGM apho. Ngelixa i-soy yeGM isemthethweni eBrazil, ukutyalwa kweSyngenta kwakungekho mthethweni kuba indawo yovavanyo ibekwe ngaphakathi kwendawo ekhuselayo ye-Iguaçu National Park, eyabhengezwa njengePatrimony yoBuntu yiZizwe eziManyeneyo wezeMfundo, iNzululwazi kunye neNkcubeko kwi-1986. . Umsebenzi wamisa yonke imisebenzi ye-Syngenta kwindawo, kwaye ngokweengxelo ezenziwe ngu-Syngenta kumaphephandaba, indleko ye-corporation ngaphezu kwe-US $ 50 yezigidi. Umsebenzi waphinda wacinezela i-IBAMA ukuba ihlawulise lo mbutho i-US $465,000 – isohlwayo iSyngenta ayikahlawulwa. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi kwaye ukususela ngokomyalelo we-Requião, i-Syngenta yala naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho.
'Eli lixesha eliyimbali ngenene kumzabalazo wehlabathi ochasene ne-transgenics, kwaye bubungqina bokuba imibutho yezentlalo inokulawula izenzo zamazwe ngamazwe,' utsho uMaria Rita Reis, igqwetha likaTerra de Direitos, umbutho wamalungelo oluntu eCuritiba Iinkqubo zomthetho ezichasene neSyngenta.
Ngokuka-Roberto Baggio, inkokeli yelizwe le-Via Campesina kunye ne-MST, 'Uloyiso lwe-Syngenta lwalunokwenzeka kuphela ngomanyano olukhulu lwemibutho yasemaphandleni'¦ngomanyano nesikhundla esiqinileyo nesikhaliphileyo seRhuluneli i-Requião, ukhuselo lweentlobo ngeentlobo zezolimo zesizwe ezigcina izinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo. Eli nyathelo luphawu lwamazwe ngamazwe olubhekiselele kumzabalazo ochasene neminqweno enamandla ye-agribusiness transnationals efuna ukulawula ezolimo zehlabathi kunye nokunyanzeliswa kweprojekthi yabo, kodwa apha eParana kukho imiqondiso eqinile yokuchasana okuthandwayo, okumele kukhuthaze ukulwa ukulwa nezizwe zonke. phezu kweplanethi.'
Ingxoxo esemthethweni yomyalelo karhulumente wokuhluthwa kwesiza kwi-Syngenta ukwenzela umdla woluntu isekelwe kumgaqo-siseko waseBrazil. Ngokwengxelo ekhutshwe yi-arhente yeendaba zombuso, iRhuluneli uRequião, onembali yezopolitiko ezichasene neGM, utsala ulongamo lwamazwe aseBrazil 'ukukhusela iindawo zendalo eziphawulekayo kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukulwa nongcoliseko lwalo naluphi na uhlobo, nokulondoloza amahlathi, izilwanyana nezityalo,’ nto leyo egxininisa ‘ubuthathaka belona hlathi likhulu nelibalulekileyo lentsalela yamahlathi ashinyeneyo elizwe, ami kwi-Iguaçu National Park.’ Ukongezelela, iSiqendu 186 kumgaqo-siseko waseBrazil simisela ukuba umhlaba wabucala, kuquka umhlaba, mawusebenze umsebenzi wentlalontle. Ukususela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980, i-MST yasebenzisa iGatya le-186 ukuthethelela ukuhlaliswa ngokungenabundlobongela kumhlaba ongavelisi mveliso ophethwe ngabanini-mhlaba abakhulu, ukuze icinezele urhulumente ukuba ahluthe umhlaba ngeenjongo zohlaziyo lwezolimo. Kutshanje, ngamandla awo ezoqoqosho akhulayo, ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo kunye nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho elizweni, iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zoshishino lwezolimo zisiba ngamaxhoba ale misebenzi. UTerra de Direitos uthi umhlaba okwindawo yovavanyo yeSyngenta wawungasebenzeli umsebenzi wawo wentlalo, kwaye ngokutyala ngokungekho mthethweni iimbotyi zesoya zeGM apho iSyngenta yenze ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngokubeka emngciphekweni izinto eziphilayo zaseBrazil kunye nokhuseleko lwendalo, njengoko bonke abantu baseBrazil baxhomekeke kwimithombo yendalo yelizwe.
NgokukaJoão Pedro Stedile, wolungelelwaniso lwesizwe lwe-MST, 'uRhuluneli uRequião wayenesimo sengqondo senkalipho sokuzalisekisa umgaqo-siseko karhulumente ukukhusela ubutyebi bendalo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye umthetho we-biosecurity othi akukho. umntu unokwenza imifuniselo nge-transgenics ngaphakathi kwiipaki zesizwe. Ngaloo ndlela wohlwaya uSyngenta. Ndiyathemba ukuba ezinye iirhuluneli zelizwe kunye norhulumente womdibaniso bayakulandela kumzekelo [ka-Requião], kwaye basincede ekukhuseleni i-biodiversity yaseBrazil, kunye nomzabalazo wolawulo lokutya, kunye namazwe angaphandle afuna ukulawula ukutya kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwihlabathi jikelele. .'
Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-Requião isayine ummiselo ayithethi ukuba inkqubo yokuhluthwa iya kuba lula. Akukho mathandabuzo amancinci ukuba iSyngenta iya kusibhena isigqibo kwiinkundla zomdibaniso. Oku kuya kuwenza nzima umzamo wokuhlutha isiza kuba ulawulo lukaMongameli Luis Inacio 'Lula' da Silva luzimisele ngakumbi ukuzinikela kwiminqweno yoshishino lwezolimo. I-Brazil okwangoku ifumana i-boom yezoqoqosho kwimveliso yezolimo, ngakumbi kwimveliso ye-soy ye-GM. Ukutyalwa kwe-soy ye-GM kwakusemthethweni kwi-2003 ngexesha lolawulo lweLula, kwaye ilizwe ngoku liyisibini esikhulu somvelisi kunye nomthengisi weembotyi zesoya emhlabeni, okwesibini kuphela kwi-US Syngenta, eyafumana inzuzo engaphezulu kwe-US $ 8.1 yezigidigidi kwi-2005, isebenzisa. amandla amakhulu ezoqoqosho nezopolitiko eBrazil, kwaye inomdla oqinileyo ekugcineni ishishini layo elizweni.
I-Syngenta ayikhange iphendule esidlangalaleni kummiselo we-Requião, kwaye ayizange iphendule imibuzo yabezindaba malunga netyala. Nangona kunjalo kucacile ukuba isicwangciso sayo sokulwa nesigqibo ibe kukusebenzisa amandla ayo ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho ukutshintsha umthetho waseBrazil ukuze udibanise umzamo wokuyifumana inetyala lokuziphatha kolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngomhla we-31 ka-Oktobha, uMongameli uLula usayine umlinganiselo owanciphisa umgama wommandla wokukhusela kwiipaki zelizwe ukusuka kwiikhilomitha ezili-10 ukuya kwii-500 zeemitha nje, intshukumo ephantse yaba ngumphumo woxinzelelo oluvela kwi-Syngenta. Lo mgaqo unzima umzamo wokufumana ukuba i-Syngenta ityale ngokungekho mthethweni i-soy ye-GM ngaphakathi kwendawo yokukhusela, njengoko ityale i-soy kwiikhilomitha ezintandathu ukusuka epakini. Ngomhla wama-30 kaNovemba uMphathiswa woLuntu weParana, ngoMtshutshisi kaMasipala waseCascavel, wachitha uphando loluntu malunga nokutyalwa ngokungekho mthethweni kweSyngenta efakwe nguTerra de Direitos ngo-Okthobha, kwaye walawula ukuba iSyngenta ihambelana nazo zonke iimfuno zolawulo kunye nezomthetho. kwindawo yovavanyo. Esi sigqibo sithetha nje sisendleleni eya eBrasÃlia, apho kufuneka samkelwe nguMphathiswa wezoBulungisa uMarcio Thomaz Bastos phambi kokuba sibe sisemthethweni.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwenkcaso yezopolitiko kunye nezomthetho ajongene nayo eBrazil malunga nesigqibo, iinzame ze-Requião zokuhlutha isiza ziya kuqiniswa yeminye imikhosi yengingqi esebenzela inzuzo yakhe, eyona nto ibalulekileyo i-leftist wave etshayela i-Latin America ngoku. Iinkokeli ezifana no-Hugo Chavez waseVenezuela kunye no-Evo Morales waseBolivia ngokungathandabuzekiyo baya kubonelela ngeRequião ngenkxaso yengingqi. U-Chavez ngokwakhe unabo ubudlelwane kwi-MST kunye ne-Via Campesina, kwaye ungumgxeki ocacileyo we-GM technology. Kutshanje iBolivia iqalise ukuphumeza inkqubo yohlaziyo lwezolimo oluqhubela phambili oluya kunceda amafama amancinane nabasebenzi abangenamhlaba.
Inyathelo le-Requião lokuhlutha isiza kwi-Syngenta liya kuthi, noko lincinci, lithumele umyalezo kumashishini ezolimo kurhwebo lwezizwe ngezizwe ukuba abanakuphinda baxhaphaze ngokungekho mthethweni ubutyebi bendalo baseBrazil njengoko benqwenela, kwaye benze ulwaphulo-mthetho bangohlwaywa. Kananjalo ngokungathandabuzekiyo iya komeleza amandla nokuzithemba kwemibutho yezentlalo. Ngokwe-Via Campesina yelizwe kunye nenkokeli ye-MST uCelso Ribeiro, 'ukulungelelaniswa kwe-Via Campesina oku kubonisa uloyiso olukhulu kunye noloyiso olukhulu. I-Syngenta yi-2nd enkulu yomvelisi wembewu emhlabeni, ivelisa zombini umbona we-transgenic kunye ne-soy. Ngoku esi siza siza kusetyenziswa njengeziko lethu lokuyila iintlobo zembewu yemveli neyesicreole.'
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