Njengoko oko kubizwa ngokuba 'yi-noughties' ngokuhlwanje, enye yeziteshi zikamabonwakude zasimahla zaseOstreliya zibonisa umboniso bhanyabhanya othi "Buyela kwikamva". Oku kubonakala kufana nemeko yezopolitiko yangoku e-Australia: imiba kunye neengxoxo ukususela ekuqaleni kweshumi leminyaka kwakhona ngaphambili kunye neziko. Ngokukodwa, isiqingatha sesibini sika-2001 sibonakala sizidlala kwakhona. Imiba yabantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela nobunqolobi iye yaba sembindini.
Kwezi nyanga zintandathu zidluleyo, liye landa inani labantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela abaza eOstreliya ngesikhephe. Ngelinge lokufumana amanqaku ezopolitiko, i-Coalition (ngoku ikwi-Opposition) igxeke utshintsho oluphunyezwe nguRhulumente kaRudd. Ngokutsho kweNkokeli entsha yeNkcazo, uTony Abbott, ngelixa umcimbi ungenakuthatha isigqibo, "kube ngumcimbi obalulekileyo ngokubonisa ubuthathaka bokuthelekisa uKevin Rudd njengoNdunankulu." [1] Oku kubonisa undoqo wengxoxo-mpikiswano, umba ubonisa ukuba 'unamandla' kwaye 'uthatha isigqibo' kangakanani na abezopolitiko. Abezopolitiko 'ababuthathaka' babonwa njengabangakhethwanga. Ngokuvumela abafuna indawo yokukhosela ukuba beze e-Australia, baboniswa njengabasebenza ngokuchasene nomdla wesizwe, kuba, njengoko owayengumongameli uHoward wathi ngo-2001: "siya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kweli lizwe kunye neemeko abaza kuzo." [2] Imbono yokuba ekuphela kwesikhundla esamkelweyo kurhulumente kukukhusela imida yaseOstreliya nangayiphi na indleko, ngokujikisa izikhephe kunye nokuvalela iimbacu kwiziqithi ezikude, kubonakala ngathi sele yenzekile kwingqondo yezopolitiko yaseOstreliya.
Ingxaki enkulu yeyokuba imbono yoluntu lwase-Australia malunga nobungakanani balo mbandela igqithile ngokupheleleyo, ibangelwa ikakhulu ngabezopolitiko kumacala omabini besebenzisa lo mba ukufaka amanqaku ezopolitiko. Umzekelo wale ngxoxo-mpikiswano yangoku malunga nokuba utshintsho lukaRhulumente we-Rudd [3] lukhokelele ekwandeni kwabantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela abahamba ngephenyane. Akukho mathandabuzo okuba kukho ukunyuka kwamanani, ukusuka kwi-161 ngo-2008 ukuya ku-2669 ngo-2009. Nangona kunjalo, into evulelekileyo ukuba ixoxwe kukuba ingaba oku kungenxa yokutshintsha kwemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Ukuze oku kube sisizathu sokwanda kuthetha ukuba abafuna indawo yokukhosela kwimimandla ekude yase-Iraq, Afghanistan naseSri Lanka (apho uninzi luvela khona) banolwazi olupheleleyo nophuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo wamva nje e-Australia. Ngelixa abo baququzelela iihambo benokuyiqonda le nto, akunakwenzeka ukuba abo bafuna indawo yokhuseleko ngokwabo babe nakho.
Kunokuba ezi zinto zitsale ziphembelele amanani, into ebonakala ngathi ibangele ukwanda ziimeko zamazwe abo. Umphathiswa wangaphambili wokufuduka, uFilipu Ruddock uye wasebenzisa idatha ye-UNHCR ukuba achaze ukuba inani lababaleki emhlabeni wonke liwile, ngoko ke alinakusetyenziswa njengenkcazo yokunyuka kwenani labantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela e-Australia. [4] Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa oku kunokuba nefuthe elithile kumanani ayeza e-Australia, ukunyuka okukhulu (okanye ukuncipha) kwinani lababaleki e-Afrika okanye eMzantsi Melika akunakwenzeka ukuba kuchaphazele amanani. Okubaluleke ngakumbi linani labantu abaxhalabileyo kummandla waseAsia. Xa usenza oku, kunokubonwa ukuba imeko iyafana kakhulu nakwabo bafuna indawo yokukhosela abaza eOstreliya. Ngo-2001, xa amanani abeza eOstreliya anda, iUNHCR yayixhalabile malunga ne-7.8 yezigidi zabantu baseAsia. Eli nani liye lehla laya kutsho kwi-5.5 yezigidi ngo-2003, ngaphambi kokuba linyuke laya kutsho kwi-10.3 yezigidi ngo-2008. Ngo-2003, ngabantu abangama-53 kuphela abeza eOstreliya ngamaphenyane, besanda ukususela ngoko. Le datha ibonisa ukuba isalathisi esinamandla senani labantu abazama ukuza e-Australia ngephenyane ubukhulu belizwe elixhalabisayo e-Asia. Izinto ezityhalayo zibaluleke kakhulu, njengoko bezisoloko zinjalo.
Njengoko kubonakala xa kuthelekiswa iingxoxo-mpikiswano ngo-2001 kwaye ngoku, abantu kufuneka baqale baqonde owona mbandela, kwaye ngokubhekele phaya, baqwalasele uxanduva lokuziphatha lwase-Australia lokwamkela abantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela. Ngokukodwa, ngenxa yendima ye-Australia ekuhlaselweni okukhokelwa yi-US e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, ngokuqinisekileyo kukho uxanduva lokuziphatha lokunyamekela abo baye bachatshazelwa zezi zenzo. Ngenxa yokuba la mazwe mabini awona mthombo omkhulu wokungazinzi kunye nababaleki kummandla waseAsia, i-Australia kufuneka inike uncedo olongezelelweyo kwabo babalekela ezi ngxabano.
Oku kukhokelela kumcimbi wesibini oye waba sembindini wezopolitiko zase-Australia kwiveki ephelileyo: ubunqolobi. Ukusukela oko u-Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab wazama ukuvuthela inqwelomoya esondela eDetroit ngoSuku lweKrisimesi, iinkumbulo ze-9/11 ngokuqondakalayo zibuyile. Imithombo yeendaba yase-Australia ikwazile ukufumana i-angle yendawo ekuhlaselweni, u-Abdulmutallab wayefunde kwiYunivesithi yaseWollongong yaseDubai. [5] Ngaphantsi kweveki ukususela kolu hlaselo, iingxelo zeendaba e-Australia ziye zathetha malunga nenqanaba le-lax yokhuseleko kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya zase-Australia, ezidibanisa oku kuhlaselo. [6]
Ngelixa iphathelele ukuba yomibini le miba isadlala indima ebaluleke kangaka eOstreliya, eyona nto ixhalabisayo yindlela abezopolitiko abakuvuyela ngayo ukuyidibanisa. Emva kwe-9/11, iNkulumbuso kunye noMphathiswa wezoKhuseleko bobabini baqinisekisa ukuba kunokubakho abanqolobi abaguqulelwe njengabantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela. [7] Nangona le nkcazo-bungcali yachithwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye akukho bungqina bokuba abanqolobi bazama uhambo oluyingozi ngephenyane, iLiberal MP, uWilson Tuckey uphinde wayiqinisekisa ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. [8]
Ngelixa inkqubela iyinto efunwa kakhulu kubomi banamhlanje, kubonakala ngathi ezopolitiko zase-Australia zibambekile kwindawo enye malunga neshumi leminyaka eyadlulayo. Abantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela babhidekile nabanqolobi, kwaye kufuneka bakhutshelwe ngaphandle ngazo zonke iindleko. Ukuba akunjalo, urhulumente ubonwa njengotyeshela enye yeendima zakhe ezingundoqo kwaye ubeka ukhuseleko lwesizwe emngciphekweni. Kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba abo bafuna indawo yokhuseleko banikwa ukhuseleko olubafaneleyo nokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente akasebenzisi ubunqolobi ukuphumeza amanyathelo angqongqo. Embindini wayo, le ngxoxo ibandakanya indima yezizwe-zizwe kuluntu lwehlabathi. Kodwa kuqala, emva kowe-1955 kunye noMarty kunye noDoc.
[1] http://tinyurl.com/ybplpz5
[2] http://tinyurl.com/ydh9cmw
[3] Ishwankathelwe ngokuyinxenye kwi http://tinyurl.com/y8r4fh2
[4] http://tinyurl.com/yjsl9ee
[5] http://tinyurl.com/yjsgr5a
[6] http://tinyurl.com/yerb9a2
[7] UDennis Atkins, 'PM Unxulumanisa uBugrogrisi kubaFundi beKhuseleko. Herald Sun, 7 Novemba 2001. Ngodliwano-ndlebe noPeter Reith, bona http://tinyurl.com/y85wbsl
[8] http://tinyurl.com/ybpntju
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