Kunzima ukungaqapheli utshintsho kugxininiso loqhanqalazo lwaseMelika olushiyekileyo kunye nobutshantliziyo ukusukela ngo-9-11. Oko kubizwa ngokuba “iNhlohlo entsha entsha†ijongeka ngakumbi njengeNhlohlo eNtsha endala njengoko umzabalazo ochasene nomanyano lwamashishini lwehlabathi uvula indlela – okanye uguqulela ku– umzabalazo ochasene ne-impiriyalizim yaseMelika. Ezona ndawo ziphambili ekujoliswe kuzo zoqhanqalazo zitshintshile ukusuka kwiWorld Trade Organisation, iInternational Monetary Fund kunye neWorld Bank ukuya kwiWhite House kunye nePentagon. Ugxininiso lutshintshile ekuchaseni ulawulo lwemali kwiplanethi yamazwe ngamazwe ukuya ekuyekiseni uhlaselo lwaseMelika kwisizwe esinye--Iraq.
Ugxininiso oluyeleleneyo luchasa uhlaselo longxowankulu bakarhulumente “ilizwe lasekhaya†kubantu bebala kunye nokusilela kwezoqoqosho kunye nenkululeko yoluntu yasekhaya. Olu hlaselo luza kunye “Imfazwe yobunqolobi" emhlophe erayisini.
Iinjongo ezibalulekileyo zombutho wehlabathi wobulungisa – idemokhrasi, uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwendalo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kokungalingani kwezoqoqosho ngaphakathi naphakathi kwezizwe – kubonakala ngathi ukuba zibekwe kwizitshisi ngasemva.
Ngaba olu tshintsho kugxininiso luyaphazamisa? Ngaba iMelika iye yabuyiselwa umva, yatyhalelwa emacaleni, yaqengqeleka yabuyela kwiminyaka yoo-1960s, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ihle kwintshukumo ethembisayo yedemokhrasi yeplanethi, ukulingana kunye nozinzo lokusingqongileyo ukuze kuqaliswe umzabalazo olusizi wokubuyela umva kwilizwe elinye. €™ ama impiriyali kunye nobuhlanga?
Akunjalo. Sifanele sixhathise ezo zigqibo zingenathemba ngenxa yezizathu ezihlanu ezihambisana noko. Okokuqala, kude nokujongana nokubuyela umva, intshukumo yangoku yoxolo yase-US ithatha apho intshukumo echasene neMfazwe yaseVietnam iye yaphela. Kwanangaphambi kokuba uBush ahlasele, amakhulu amawaka aye aqhankqalaza kuqhanqalazo olukhulu kunelona hambo lukhulu lokulwa neVietnam ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Ngaphezu kwesibini esithathwini sabemi baseMelika bayachasa izicwangciso ze-White House zokumisela ngokuzimeleyo "imfazwe" e-Iraq. Amajelo eendaba aseMelika ayazixela ngaphantsi kolu phuhliso lumangalisayo.
Okwesibini, intshukumo yokulwa imfazwe ibonelela ngethuba kubalweli bobulungisa behlabathi ukuba boyise ezinye zeengxaki zabo ezaziwayo-kakuhle ekuphuhliseni isiseko esahlukileyo nesininzi. Enye into, icingela phakathi kwamalungu ayo ulwazi olungenabugocigoci malunga nokwahlukaniswa nengqiqo kwinkqubo elawulayo yolawulo lwentlalo noqoqosho (ubungxowankulu) kunentshukumo yobulungisa yehlabathi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuncinci okungaqondakaliyo malunga nendlela “urhwebo†kunye namaziko emali abadlwengula ngayo abantu nomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, kulula ukuthetha nabantu malunga nendlela i-White House elungiselela ngayo ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukubulala ama-Iraqi amsulwa kunokuba malunga nendlela umanyano lwehlabathi olubulala ngayo abantu kunye ne-ecosystem ngokuthe chu kwihlabathi jikelele.
Kwangaxeshanye, impembelelo yasekhaya ecetywayo yemfazwe, ephambukisa kunqabile ngakumbi (kwimisebenzi yentlalontle ubuncinci) imali kawonke-wonke ukusuka kwinkcitho yezentlalo ukuya kwinkcitho yasemkhosini, ikwabonakala ngokukhawuleza nangokucacileyo kuneziphumo (ezingenakuphikiswa) zasekhaya umanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kwaye i-drive yemfazwe idibaniswe kakhulu nomntu ongekho mthethweni, ongathandwayo (onganyulwanga ngokwenene), kunye noBongameli be-plutocratic brazenly ngeendlela eziphindaphindayo kwinzuzo yombutho woxolo.
Ukungafihlisi okukhulu kunye nokulula okuchasene nemfazwe kumbutho “ochasene nehlabathi†kuthetha ukuba umbutho woxolo unika ithuba abalwela ubulungisa behlabathi ukuba benze unxibelelwano olunentsingiselo nabantu abatyekele ekuqhubekeni bebengayi kudibana nabo. Abalweli bobulungisa behlabathi kufuneka bamkele kwaye bafunde kunxibelelwano olucacileyo lombutho woxolo kwintlupheko yasekhaya kunye nemiba yobuhlanga. Ngokugqithisileyo abamhlophe nabakumgangatho ophakathi, umbutho wezobulungisa wehlabathi awuphumelelanga ukuphuhlisa unxulumano olwaneleyo nentshukumo yobulungisa bobuhlanga nentlalo yasezidolophini kunye noluntu lwentlupheko nombala. Olo luntu lufumana ubunzima obungaphaya kwesabelo salo (iprofayili yobuhlanga, ulwaphulo-mthetho, intlupheko, ukuvalelwa kwabantu abaninzi, ukubekwa eluvalelweni kunye nokunqongophala kwezindlu ezifikelelekayo, iziza zenkunkuma enetyhefu, njl.njl.) kanye apha ekhaya, kwiliso lenkanyamba yokudityaniswa kwehlabathi.
Okwesithathu, ulawulo lukaBush lokutyhalela imfazwe kuMbindi Mpuma luqhutywa kakhulu bubungxowankulu behlabathi obuyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo nge-oyile, igesi kunye nenjini yokutsha yangaphakathi. Kukho umlinganiselo obalulekileyo wehlabathi we-ikholoji kwintshukumo yokulwa imfazwe, equka amaqela afuna uphuhliso lweendlela ezicocekileyo zamandla endaweni yetyhefu yepetroleum yeplanethi.
Okwesine, izicwangciso zemfazwe zase-US zangoku zimalunga ngakumbi ngaphezu kwe-Iraq. Ngaphaya kweoyile yePersian Gulf, elona “ibhaso,†ubhala uJohn Pilger, “akukho nto ingaphantsi kwehlabathi: bonke ubutyebi obuphezulu nangaphantsi komhlaba nobonayo.†Injongo yolawulo lukaBush kukusebenzisa oko ikubona njengethuba elikhulu lembali elanikwa ngokuwa kobuKomanisi kunye nokuhlaselwa kwejeliner ngoSeptemba 2001. Kukwenza kucace ku ihlabathi lonke ngumphathi – ukuba kukho kwaye kunokwenzeka kwikamva elibonakalayo ibe yimeko nje enye enamandla kwaye abo baxhathisayo le nyaniso banokulindela ukuba ubomi babo bube sisihogo. Njengoko u-John Pilger esitsho, “i-Bush cabal ikholelwa ukuba ikwixesha elifana ne-Hiroshima kwimbali– yokuba inazo iindlela zokuqalisa ihlabathi jikelele kwi-apocalyptic spasm yogonyamelo olukhawulezayo noloyikekayo. I-War Party ikholelwa ukuba iqalise i-epochal, i-mission yokuguqula ihlabathi, kwaye bazimisele ukuba lo mzuzu bangachithwa. I-Iraq linqanaba nje elilungeleyo.â€
Uhlalutyo lukaPilger lusenokuvakala ngathi yingcinga yasekhohlo-yedystopian, kodwa isekwe kufundo olunengqiqo lwerekhodi yamaxwebhu abacwangcisi base-US. Le rekhodi ibandakanya iWhite House's yamva nje ISicwangciso soKhuseleko seSizwe saseMelika, ngoSeptemba obalulekileyo 2000 Ingxelo ekhutshwe yiProjekthi yeXesha eNtsha laseMelika, i-US Space Command ipholile Umbono we2020 (ukuqhubela phambili kwihlabathi laseMelika “Ulawulo olupheleleyo lweSpecter†ekukhuseleni umdla wamashishini aphesheya), iphepha lomgaqo-nkqubo lePentagon likaPaul Wolfowitz lika-1992 IsiKhokelo soCwangciso loKhuselo, kunye nencwadi eyoyikisayo Umothuko kunye noloyiko: Ukufezekisa uLawulo oluKhawulezayo, ibhalwe ngu-Harlan Ullman wekhontrakthi yomanyano “iQela loKhuselo, iQela''s'iQela lokufunda eliLawulayo eliRapid yaze yathunyelwa kwisiza sothungelwano seNkqubo yoPhando loLawulo kunye noLawulo lweSebe lase-US.
Okwesihlanu, ungquzulwano lwethu lwangoku kunye nokuqiniswa kwenqindi ngokukodwa kulawulo lwelizwe laseMelika alukho ngokwenene ukuphambuka kumzabalazo ochasene nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi. Ngokomkhwa wocazululo oluyimpazamo phakathi kwamatsha ntliziyo "enxamnye nehlabathi", umanyano lwangoku lwamazwe ngamazwe luye lwasusa igunya lehlabathi kwaye lwasusa ukubaluleka kwelizwe. Olu tyekelo lubona ngokuchanekileyo ukuba abayili bomanyano lwehlabathi bafuna ukumisela amalungelo akhethekileyo kunye namalungelo amaqumrhu ezizwe ngezizwe atyala intembeko kurhulumente welizwe elinye. Iphawula ngokufanelekileyo ukuba ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kunciphisa amandla omgaqo-nkqubo oorhulumente belizwe, kwanakwimimandla engundoqo (eyayibizwa ngokuba yiLizwe LokuQala) yenkqubo yehlabathi yobukapitali.
Iyalibala, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kusahleli ngokusisiseko. Ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kuyaqhubeka ukuba konke malunga nokutyebisa iHlabathi lokuQala xa kuthelekiswa namazwe asecaleni kunye nesiqingatha se-peripheral. Asiyongozi into yokuba ukwanda okumangalisayo nokukhawuleziswa kwemisebenzi yoqoqosho lwehlabathi kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo kukhatshwe kukunaba okukhulu kweyantlukwano yobutyebi phakathi kondoqo nomda. Kwakhona ngaphezu kwento eyenzekileyo kumanyano lwamva nje lwehlabathi kukuvela kunye nokwandiswa kweLizwe lokuQala elikhulu ngakumbi kwaye ngakumbi amaqumrhu aseMelika asebenza ngamaqumrhu amancinane asekelwe ngaphandle kondoqo.
Alikho ilizwe eliye laxhamla ngaphezu kweUnited States, eyenza isi-6 ekhulwini sabemi behlabathi kodwa ilawula ngaphezu kwesithathu semithombo yobutyebi behlabathi. Oku kuye kwavunywa ngu New York Times’ Umbhali wemihlathi yomgaqo-nkqubo wama impiriyali ngokuphandle uThomas Friedman kwi- IMagazini yeXesha Ibali leqweqwe elipapashwe njengoko i-US yayilungiselela ukuqhushumbisa iSerbia phantse kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo. Phambi kokuwa “kobukomanisi,” uFriedman waxoxa, esona sizathu sokuthetheleleka kwe-US globalism/impiriyalizim yayikukukhuselwa “kwedemokhrasi yentengiso” yehlabathi “ngokuqulatha” iSoviet Union. Kwixesha lasemva kweMfazwe ebandayo, ngokukaFriedman, ukuthetheleleka okuvela eUnited States “umdla ogqwesileyo” wokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwezopolitiko oluyimfuneko “ekuzinziseni umanyano lwehlabathi.” Lo “mdla ugqwesileyo” ubandakanya into yokuba “ I-US iyaphumelela” kwiplanethi elawulwa “yimarike yasimahla” kunye “nedemokhrasi” yobungxowankulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba iMelika, "yayinayo," kwintetho kaFriedman egqithileyo yeneo-liberal, "ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-200 ukuyila, ukuhlaziya, kunye nokulinganisa iitshekhi kunye neebhalansi ezigcina iimarike zikhululekile" kwaye "zininzi kakhulu iimpahla ezifunwayo kunye neenkonzo kwimarike yehlabathi…Urhwebo lwehlabathi,†uFriedman waqukumbela ngelithi, “-yi-US.
Ngokwenyani, iiSoviets zaziqulathe amaMelika ngaphezu kokuchaseneyo kwaye hayi iMelika okanye i-capitalism yehlabathi "idemokhrasi" okanye isekwe "kwiimarike zasimahla." Sekunjalo, ukuchongwa kukaFriedman phakathi kokudityaniswa kwehlabathi kunye American amandla ezoqoqosho akachanekanga.
Amatshantliziyo obulungisa behlabathi nawo athande ukujongela phantsi umgangatho obaluleke kakhulu apho umanyano lwangoku lwehlabathi luyilwe ngokusisiseko kwaye luxhaswa ngondoqo kwaye ngakumbi amandla nomgaqo-nkqubo welizwe lase-US. Amashishini aphambili ehlabathi alawula ubukho bawo kunye nobuninzi bamandla awo entengiso aphakamileyo kwiitshatha zikarhulumente kunye neendlela ezininzi zokhuseleko lukarhulumente olungundoqo (kubandakanywa kodwa kungathintelwanga kuluhlu lweerhafu kunye namalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda) kunye nenkxaso (kuquka i-US “Defenseâ€TM). € ibhajethi).
Amaziko emali ehlabathi amakhulu enza okuninzi ukunyanzelisa imodeli yeniyo-liberal eyintlekele kumazwe angengombindi – ukukhabela kude ileli yophuhliso ngokukhanyela ukhuseleko olufana nolwelizwe, ukhokelo kunye nenkxaso kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo – zizidalwa zangabom. karhulumente wase-US (ngokukodwa kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo waseMelika). Kungentsikelelo, izikhokelo kunye nenkxaso-mali yalo rhulumente ukuba i-IMF kunye neBhanki yeHlabathi banyanzelise imodeli yeHlabathi yokuQala “urhwebo lwasimahla, notyalo-mali simahla†kwizizwe ezifuna okwahlukileyo ngokuthe ngqo ukuba zinokuze zilandele ekhondweni. yamazwe aphakamileyo angundoqo.
Kukho, ngokuqinisekileyo, imilinganiselo yomkhosi eyomeleleyo kurhulumente welizwe lase-US “egcina umanyano lwehlabathi.†Apha kwakhona uFriedman uyakhubekisa kodwa uluncedo. “Isandla esifihliweyo semarike,†wabhala kwisiqwengana esicatshulwe ngasentla, “asisokuze sisebenze ngaphandle kwenqindi elifihliweyo. UMcDonald's,' waxoxa wathi, "ayinakuphumelela ngaphandle kukaMcDonnell Douglas, umyili we-F-15. Kwaye inqindi efihliweyo egcina ihlabathi likhuselekile kwiitekhnoloji zeSilicon Valley libizwa ngokuba nguMkhosi wase-US, uMkhosi woMoya, uMkhosi waseLwandle kunye neMarine Corps.
Uhlaselo oloyikekayo lwejeli kaSeptemba 2001 ludityaniswe nokuwa kweSoviet deterrent ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi edlulileyo ukunika i-arch-imperialists kulawulo lwaseBush ithuba lokuphawula “isandla esifihliweyo” sikaFreidman ngokungathi akukho xesha. kwinkumbulo yamva nje. Babonisa kwaye bajike inqindi yentsimbi yobukumkani ngokuyinxenye ekukhuseleni nasekufuneni uqoqosho okanye umdla ocacileyo obangela iintloni. Ivumba lepetroleum livakala ngokurhabaxa okukhulu kwi-White House yangoku “oiligarchicâ€.
Kuyimpazamo, nangona kunjalo, ukubona iqela likaBush lingaphezulu kancinane kunee-lackeys zamashishini ezinikezele amandla ombuso kumaqumrhu anamandla angaphandle. Bafumene ukuzimela ngokuphawulekayo, okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kwaye kubo ukunxilisa amandla ombuso womkhosi - amakhulu kakhulu kunayo nantoni na abanokulindela ukuyifumana kwinto ebizwa ngokuba “icandelo labucala.
Isiphumo sobukhosi se-11 kaSeptemba sinikeze iMelika kunye nehlabathi jikelele ukushiya umnxeba onamandla wokuvuka. Isikhumbuze ngokucacileyo ukuba urhulumente kusafuneka “abune” kwaye ukusebenzelana kwehlabathi kuseyi-impiriyali, egcwele idosi enzima yeHlabathi lokuQala ngakumbi ilizwe lase-US, kubandakanya nomkhosi, amandla.
Ubume bobudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kobungxowankulu behlabathi jikelele kunye nenkqubo yelizwe jikelele buya kubangela ingxoxo phakathi kweengqondi ezisekhohlo kwiminyaka ezayo. Okwangoku, siya kwenza kakuhle ukubuxabisa ubulumko boyilo olusisiseko oluvela komnye okrelekrele onjalo-igqala laseYiputa likaMarxist uSamir Amin. Njengoko u-Amin waxelela abanye ababekho kwi-World Social Forum ePorto Allegre, eBrazil, “akukho kwicala elinye iingxaki zentlalo nezoqoqosho kwaye kwelinye icala iingxaki zezopolitiko nezomkhosi…Umntu akanakoyisa i-IMF kunye namanye amaziko athobelayo. i-United States ngaphandle kokuyoyisa isicwangciso somkhosi wase-United States. Okoko, u-Amin waphawula, “njengoko iqhinga elinobundlongondlongo, lobuFascist lase-United States lingoyiswa, enye indlela yokudityaniswa kwehlabathi ayinakwenzeka. Kunjalo.
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