Umthombo: Jacobin
Kwinyanga ephelileyo, usozigidigidi uJames Simons kunye nenkosikazi yakhe banike uCuomo $90,000. USimons ngumseki we-hedge fund Renaissance Technologies, enokuthi ixhomekeke kwiirhafu ezintsha ezityhalwa ngabameli bezomthetho baseNew York. Lilonke, uCuomo ufumene ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-280,000 kuSimons nakusapho lwakhe. Iqela laseNew York elilawulwa nguCuomo lifumene i-3.4 yezigidi zeedola ezongezelelweyo kwiSimons.
Umatshini wezopolitiko kaCuomo ufumene iminikelo emikhulu evela kwezinye iimoguls zehedge fund ezibandakanya uDan Loeb ($197,000) kunye noStanley Druckenmiller ($60,800), abanokuchatshazelwa ngamaphulo erhafu yeDemokhrasi ajolise kushishino lwemali.
Abezomthetho beDemokhrasi baye batyhala amanyathelo erhafu ukunyusa ingeniso entsha abathi ingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwimfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zikarhulumente.
Iirekhodi zokubhengeza eziphononongwe ndim zibonisa ukuba ishishini lezemali liye lasebenza ngokukhutheleyo kwizindululo zerhafu e-Albany - kwaye uCuomo uye wayichasa inkcaso yabo kwirhafu ephezulu kwizityebi.
"Ndithetha ngokoqobo nabantu imini yonke abakwindlu yabo yaseHamptons ababehlala apha okanye kwindlu yabo yaseHudson Valley okanye kwindlu yabo yempelaveki eConnecticut," yatsho irhuluneli nge-3 ka-Agasti, icebisa ukuba oosozigidi bezigidi kunye noosozigidi baya kushiya iNew York ukuba. iirhafu eziphezulu kwizityebi zidlula.
UMichael Kink, umlawuli olawulayo we-Strong Economy for All Coalition eNew York, undixelele ukuba umsebenzi kaCuomo wokuthintela irhafu eqhubekayo ubonisa izinto eziphambili kuye ezigqwethekileyo.
โIrhuluneli edityaniswe nenyani iyakube iphonononga zonke iindlela zokunyusa ingeniso ngexesha lobunzima,โ utshilo uKink. โXa usondele kakhulu kumntu ofana noJames Simons, oko kukhokelela ekubeni uvale umnyango kweyona mithombo mikhulu nebalulekileyo yengeniso. Kukho umnyango obizwa ngokuba yirhafu yebhiliyoni โ i-5.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. UCuomo uyahamba esuka kulo mnyango. Ke kukho umnyango werhafu wokudluliselwa kwesitokhwe eyi-13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. Uninzi lwabantu abaya kuhlawula ngabaqikeleli abantywilayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. UJames Simon, uDan Loeb, uninzi lwabaxhasi abakhulu bakaCuomo ngabo abaza kuyihlawula le rhafu.
Iibhili zeDemokhrasi ekujoliswe kuzo kwiWall Street
UCuomo ufumene ngaphezulu $ 10 yezigidi ukusuka kushishino lwezibambiso, ngokweenkcukacha eziqulunqwe yiNational Institute on Money In Politics. Kwiseshoni yomthetho yangoku, irhuluneli yenqabile ukuxhasa iiseti ezintathu zezicwangciso zerhafu yeDemokhrasi ezijoliswe kwiWall Street.
inye Mthetho iya kuhlawulisa i-19 yepesenti yerhafu kwingeniso yotyalo-mali ukuphelisa izibonelelo zomanyano zokuxhuzulwa kwerhafu yenzala, evumela izabelo zabucala kunye nabaphathi beengxowa-mali zehedge ukuba bahlele umvuzo wabo njengenzuzo eyinkunzi, erhafiswa kwi-15 ekhulwini endaweni yesibiyeli serhafu ephezulu. 37 ekhulwini. Kuxhomekeke kumthetho owiswe eMassachusetts naseConnecticut ukuba uqale ukusebenza. Ikhontrakthi iphethe umthetho wenzala kudlula eNew Jersey ngo-2018.
enye Mthetho iyakunyanzelisa intlawulo eyongeziweyo esekwe kurhulumente eya kulinganisa irhafu phakathi kweenzuzo ezinkulu kunye nabasebenzi - enyanisweni umthetho obanzi ngakumbi kunomthetho oyilwayo wenzala.
Ekugqibeleni, abameli beDemokhrasi baye batyhala Mithetho ukuvuselela irhafu yokudluliselwa kwestokhwe yaseNew York. Irhafu yokudluliselwa kwesitokhwe yayikhona eNew York ukusuka ngo-1905 ukuya ku-1981, kwaye ngokobuchwepheshe isezincwadini, nangona kunjalo. UCuomo ngaphambili wazama ukuyirhoxisa. Ingeniso yerhafu yokuqala yahlulwa phakathi kwesixeko kunye nelizwe laseNew York. Urhulumente waqala ukuthomalalisa irhafu kubahlawuli ngo-1981 ngexesha lolawulo lukaHugh Carey olwalukwajongene nohlengahlengiso lwesiXeko saseNew York ngokucinezela ubungqongqo kubasebenzi besixeko. UCuomo uye watyhala ngokupheleleyo rhoxiswa yerhafu.
I-Renaissance Technologies, ekhokelwa ngoyena mxhasi mkhulu kaCuomo, uSimons ingxelo ba ndakanya "kurhwebelwano oluphezulu" - ishishini elafumana ukuqondwa koluntu ngokubanzi emva kokupapashwa ngo-2014 kaMichael Lewis. Abafana beFlash. Ngelixa iyimfihlo, le nkampani ichongwe njenge inkampani ukuba "yenze imali ye-high-frequency ibe yimpumelelo enkulu" ngo URichard Olsen, ingcali yezemali esekwe eSwitzerland. Iinzame zokubuyisela irhafu yaseNew York kurhwebo lwesitokhwe okanye iintengiselwano zemali zinokusongela umda wengeniso yeRenaissance.
Iqinile kaSimons naye ebesilwa I-IRS ngaphezulu kwebhiliyoni ezi-6 zeerandi zerhafu.
I-Wall Street's Furious Lobbying e-Albany
Ekuthinteleni imilinganiselo yerhafu, uCuomo unceda ezinye zeenkampani ezinamandla kakhulu zaseWall Street kunye namaqela angaphambili ebesoloko ephembelela loo matyala e-Albany.
Umzekelo, i-American Investment Council (AIC) kunye neSecurities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) baye baphembelela izindululo zeDemokhrasi, ngokweerekhodi zombuso. Eyangaphambili imele iifemu ezinkulu zezabelo zabucala kwaye le yokugqibela imele abathengisi, iibhanki zotyalo-mali, kunye nabaphathi bempahla.
Le mibutho mibini yorhwebo ichithe ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-400,000 e-Albany ngeli xesha leseshini yowiso-mthetho. I-AIC yaqala ukuphembelela uAlbany okokuqala ngo-2019, emva kokuba iiDemocrats zifumene ulawulo olupheleleyo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho okokuqala kumashumi eminyaka.
I-AIC yeza nenkampani yokuphembelela iGreenberg Traurig, eye yafaka ngaphezulu kwe-130,000 yeedola eCuomo kule minyaka idlulileyo. I-SIFMA iqeshe iifemu ezimbini - uReid, uMcNally & Savage kunye noBrown & Weintraub, lowo wokugqibela wasekwa ngabancedisi ababini ku-Gov. Mario Cuomo wangaphambili.
Iirekhodi zikarhulumente bonisa ukuba i-AIC ibiphembelela ngokuchasene nesindululo senzala kunye nesindululo esongezelelweyo esiya kuthi sirhafe ityala le-mezzanine, elisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ngezimali iintengiselwano ze-equity real estate. I-SIFMA ikwaphembelela ngokuchasene nesindululo senzala kunye nerhafu yentengiselwano yezemali, iirekhodi zokuphembelela bonise.
Kwimemo endiyifumene, i-SIFMA ixelele abenzi bomthetho ngoJulayi ukuba isiphakamiso serhafu yentengiselwano yezemali siza kubangela ukuba iifemu zaseWall Street "zifudusele abasebenzi ngaphandle kweNew York."
Kwangaloo veki ileta ye-SIFMA yaqhushumba isiya kumalungu owiso-mthetho, iofisi ka-Andrew Cuomo yaphinda yathetha ngendlela efanayo. Iindaba zeBloomberg: "Kwixesha ledijithali, kuya kuba lula ngakumbi ukuba intengiselwano isuswe kurhulumente ukuphepha irhafu."
Isigebenga sokulingana kwabucala uBlackstone naye ebephembelela kwinyathelo lenzala, ngokutsho iingxelo zikarhulumente. Ukugcina amaxabiso erhafu asezantsi kwinzala ibiyeyona nto iphambili kumphathi weBlackstone uSteve Schwarzman, owakha ebonakalayo iinzame zabalawuli baka-Obama zokuphelisa umdla okhoyo โnjengaxa uHitler wahlasela iPoland ngo-1939.โ
Yatsho irhuluneli isekela ukuvala umsantsa werhafu yenzala, kodwa ayizange ivele kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokugqibela, ngaphandle kwerhuluneli banzi amagunya phezu kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali eNew York.
UBill Mulrow, umphathi ophezulu weBlackstone, ukhokele ulawulo lukaCuomo phakathi kowama-2015 no-2017, xa waphinda wajoyina le nkampani. Ngo-Matshi, uCuomo wonyula uMulrow ukuba ancede ekukhokeleni impendulo ye-COVID-19 yelizwe.
Business Fox ingxelo ngo-Epreli ukuba uMulrow uchitha ixesha elincinci eBlackstone, kwaye umphathi wakhe, uSchwarzman, "kuthiwe unike ingqwalasela kwiinzame zikaMulrow ngenxa yempembelelo enayo kwiWall Street." UBlackstone uchithe i-255,000 yeedola ephembelela uwiso-mthetho kulo mjikelo.
Ukuba imilinganiselo yerhafu ayidluli, urhulumente uya kunyanzelwa ukuba alinganise uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye ne-8.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zokunciphisa izikolo, izibhedlele kunye noorhulumente basekhaya.
โSifuna ukuba izinhanha zibhatale,โ utshilo uJonathan Westin, umalathisi oyintloko weNew York Communities for Change. Uninzi lwabo lonyuse ubutyebi babo ngeebhiliyoni kwaye kufanele ukuba sifune ukuba bahlawule ukuze siphile sonke.
ngokweentloko bonisa ukuba abantu baseNew York bakhetha iirhafu eziphezulu kwizityebi ngaphezu kokunciphisa okutshabalalisayo kwiinkonzo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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