Sisanda kubhiyozela i-"Juneteenth" (ukuqala kokuphela kobukhoboka e-U.S.) phakathi kwezidubedube kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezibhidayo kwezopolitiko kunye noko kubonakala ngathi kukwanda kokuhlangana kobuhlanga. Kubasebenzi be-intanethi imeko ibuza umbuzo: yintoni, ngeli xesha kwimbali yethu, ubudlelwane phakathi kweteknoloji kunye nabantu abamnyama?
Ngumcimbi obalulekileyo kuthi sonke.
Abafundi abathe gqolo beli sayithi bayifunde kaninzi: ngokukhula kwehlabathi jikelele kunye noqoqosho lolwazi, i-intanethi ibe yeyona nto iphambili, ukuba ayiyonto iphambili, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. EUnited States, sesona sixhobo sidumileyo sonxibelelwano oluthe ngqo kunye neqela, ukufunda, uphando, ukuphambuka, ubuntatheli, ukusebenzisana kwengqondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendaba.
Uninzi lwabantu abafunda oku bangavuma ukuba abantu abamnyama mababe yinxalenye yoko. Kodwa loo nyaniso ayingomsebenzi kuphela wokuzibophelela ekulinganeni okanye kubulungisa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba sifuna ukugcina inkululeko kunye nokusebenza kwe-Intanethi kwaye sakhe uluntu olunobulungisa nolwentando yesininzi ngokwenene.
Olo hlobo loluntu lufuna ukuba abantu abaMnyama "bahlale etafileni" yokulingana kweli lizwe kwaye, ukwenza oko, kufuneka banandiphe ubudlelwane obupheleleyo, obuqinileyo kunye ne-intanethi elingana nawo onke amanye amaqela abantu.
Oko, namhlanje, akunjalo.
Ngelixa "ulwahlulo lwedijithali" luhlala luyinto yomba, ayiseyiyo eyona nto iphambili. Abantu abantsundu e-United States bayakonwabela ukusetyenziswa okuvulelekileyo nokomelela kobuchwepheshe be-intanethi, ngakumbi ngokunyuka kweselfowuni kunye nomabonakude wentambo njengezixhobo ze-intanethi. Zombini ezo teknoloji zikho kuyo yonke indawo kwiindawo zabaNtsundu zeli lizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ukufikelela kwikhompyuter kunye ne-intanethi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabantu base-Afrika baseMelika kuhlala kungaphantsi kakhulu kweyabaMhlophe. Uphononongo lweZiko loPhando lwePew ngobunini besixhobo bafumanise ukuba isiqingatha sawo onke amakhaya anengeniso yonyaka engaphantsi kweedola ezingama-30,000 akanayo okanye ayisebenzisayo ikhompyutha ekhaya, xa kuthelekiswa ne-10% lamakhaya anengeniso engaphezu kwama-50,000 eedola. Ingeniso yekhaya eliphakathi laseMelika eliMnyama ngo-2015 yayiyi-35,481 yeedola, ngokutsho kwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Njengoko u-Lee Rainie, uMlawuli weZiko loPhando lwe-Pew kwi-Intanethi, iSayensi, kunye noPhando lweTekhnoloji (kunye nombhali-mbhali wolo phando) uchaza, ubudlelwane babantu abaMnyama kwi-intanethi bubaluleke kakhulu kwaye bulinganiswe. Ke ngelixa umfundi oMnyama wekholeji (inani labantu elikhule kakhulu kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo) unokusebenzisa i-intanethi ngokukhululekileyo nangokuvulelekileyo kuphando kunye nonxibelelwano olusisiseko, umntu oye waphuma kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo unokuyisebenzisa ngokuyintloko โukuthumela imiyalezoโ ngokukhawuleza. tweeting, ukuba kunjalo. Oku kunengqiqo, kuba i-intanethi sisixhobo sonxibelelwano esibhaliweyo ubukhulu becala.
Ukongeza, njengoko uphononongo lwePew lubonisa, umahluko ekusetyenzisweni phakathi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eminyaka yobudala uvakaliswa ngakumbi kuluntu oluNtsundu, kunye nabantu abadala abanakho kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-intanethi.
Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaMnyama ngoku banokufikelela kubuchwephesha be-intanethi kunangaphambili. Kodwa ukufikelela kuluntu oluNtsundu akukho malunga nokuba ngubani osebenzisa i-intanethi kodwa bayisebenzisa njani.
Nantso ke ingxaki.
Okokuqala, utyekelo lokusebenzisa kakhulu imidiya yoluntu. I-Twitter kunye ne-Facebook ngokungathandabuzekiyo zezona zinto zisebenzayo kwi-intanethi phakathi kwabantu abancinci abaNtsundu. Ngelixa kungekho mntu unokubuza ukubaluleka kunye nokuba luncedo kwezi prothokholi, zinqongophele kakhulu ekukwazini kwazo ukukhuthaza unxibelelwano olusebenzayo. Inkcazo ye-scrapbook ye-Facebook kunye nemida yegama le-Twitter yenza amanqaku, amaphepha kunye nezinye iifom ezibhaliweyo ezide kube nzima ukuzifunda kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba uzithumele.
Oku kunyanzeliswa ngokwasengqondweni kubabhali abanokubakho (okuthi, kwinkcubeko ye-intanethi, nabani na onoluvo entlokweni yakhe) kodwa iyayiqinisa ingqondo kwabo banokufunda esi sixhobo. Ubukho boMnyama kwinkcubeko enkulu yengqondo ye-intanethi bunqabile kakhulu ngenxa yoko.
Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa ngemibutho yomzabalazo wentlalontle ekhokelwa ngabantu abaNtsundu efana neBlack Lives Matter. Nangona le ntshukumo yayiququzelelwe ngokuyinhloko kwi-intanethi, yasebenzisa i-Twitter ngokubanzi kunye nokubhaliweyo kwenethiwekhi njengesibini, iteknoloji exhasayo. Nangona ezi zixhobo ezinamandla zokugaya, azivumeli uhlalutyo olunzulu kunye nokucinga ngokubambisana (enye yezigxeko zamatsha-ntliziyo ezenza intshukumo ye-Black Lives Matter). Kule meko, ubuchwephesha babaqhubela phambili abantu abaMnyama ngokwembono yoluntu kodwa, ngenxa yemigaqo esetyenziswayo, banciphisa amandla abo okuphuhlisa nokuqulunqa uhlalutyo lwezopolitiko ekwabelwana ngalo kunye nesicwangciso-qhinga sokujongana nemiba yenkqubo ethe yavelisa intshukumo.
Kukho, ngokuqinisekileyo, iiwebhusayithi ezijongene neendaba eziMnyama kunye nohlalutyo lwentlalo / lwezopolitiko kwaye ziyaziwa kwaye zivelele. Kodwa bambalwa yaye badla ngokuziphatha kakuhleโayifane ikhankanywe yeminye imibutho yeendaba okanye iiwebhusayithi zokuhlalutya, ezingafane zikhankanywe zizithethi ezithetha ngeteknoloji, yaye azityelelwa kakhulu nguye nabani na ngaphandle kwabantu abaNtsundu.
Okwesibini, ubuhlanga obuvulekileyo kunye nobundlongondlongo buyaphila kwaye bulungile kwi-intanethi. Nokuba ukujonga okukhawulezileyo kumacandelo ezimvo kuzo naziphi na iisayithi zeendaba (ezifana ne-CNN okanye iFox) zityhila ucalucalulo olothusayo olunoburhalarhume ngakumbi kunobuxhakaxhaka beminyaka engama-40. Ukungaziwa kwe-intanethi, kudityaniswe nokwanda kokucinga kunye nokuchazwa kobuhlanga (njengoko abantu abamhlophe bejongana namathemba awoyikisayo ebomini babo kwaye benikwe amandla ukuba bakhuphe abantu bebala loo nto) kuvelise inkcubeko yokubonakalisa ubuhlanga kangangokuba kunzima kakhulu. ukucela umngeni esidlangalaleni.
Kunzima ukuba ngumntu webala kwiimeko zoluntu kunye neengxoxo kwi-intanethi kwaye abantu abaMnyama bathatha ubunzima bokubethelwa kwengcinezelo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaMnyama bathanda ukuhlanganisana kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kuphela kwiintlobo ezithile zewebhusayithi ngelixa bengenzi ngaphezulu "kusefa" kwi-Net.
Ngenxa yoko, uninzi lwe-intanethi alunabo ubukho boMnyama kulwazi lwayo kunye nohlalutyo.
Okwesithathu, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abaNtsundu betekhnoloji kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abantu abaMnyama abakwizikhundla eziphambili kuwo nawuphi na umbutho wobugcisa okanye uthungelwano. Ingxaki ingundoqo kwinkcubeko kunye nomlingiswa weteknoloji. Ukusebenza kwe-intanethi, ulawulo lwayo, kunye (okubaluleke kakhulu) uphuhliso lwayo ngesoftware kunye neeprothokholi zonke ziqhutywa ngamadoda amhlophe, kunye nesiphumo sokucalucalulwa kunye nombono olinganiselweyo onokuthi ulindeleke ukuba ubonise nayiphi na inkqubo ethintelwe ngokobuhlanga. Kuzo zonke iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-intanethi, le yeyona nto imbi kakhulu kuba ifikelela kwixesha elizayo, yingxaki eyingcambu engenako ukusonjululwa ngaphandle kohlaziyo olukhulu lwabantu betekhnoloji, kwaye imiliselwe kumandla amadoda amhlophe ngaphezulu. unxibelelwano kunye noqoqosho olubandakanyekayo kubuchwephesha be-intanethi.
Ihamba ibambene nocalucalulo kunye nolawulo lwabamhlophe.
Okokugqibela, ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi, ngakumbi kwiintengiso, kuye kwabangela ukuba abantu abaninzi abaMnyama (ingakumbi abantu abaNtsundu abancinci) basebenzise itekhnoloji kodwa basebenzise imida yonxibelelwano lwabantu abaNtsundu kuhlobo lwangoku lokuthenga. . Ukuthenga kwi-intanethi yeyona nto ilula kakhulu, kodwa ukusebenzisa i-intanethi oko kuphela sisithintelo esikhulu sentlalo kunye nomonakalo ekuthatheni inxaxheba okupheleleyo kwabahlali kubomi bezopolitiko, bezentlalo kunye nezenkcubeko.
Ingxaki inkulu kwaye ichaphazela wonke umntu kolu luntu kwaye kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenzaโฆokwangokuโฆngeli shumi leminyaka leZizwe eziManyeneyo laBantu boMlibo waseAfrika. Oku kufuneka kube ziimfuno zeentshukumo zethu kunye namanqaku omanyano phakathi kwabo:
* Qeqesha kwaye uxhobise oochwephesha abaMnyama kunye nabasebenzisi betekhnoloji. Oku kuya kumela iinkqubo zoqeqesho lokwenyani hayi โinkqubo yoqeqeshoโ ethile eyilelwe ukukhokela abantu abatsha bebala bangene kwimisebenzi yoshishino ephazamisayo nengakhiyo ekuhlaleni.
* Ngokusebenzayo nqanda intetho yentiyo kwaye ukhulise inkcubeko ye-intanethi yokunyamezelana kunye nokuhloniphana. Ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo lilungelo lokwenene; ukuxhatshazwa ngokobuhlanga akukho kwaye i-Intanethi ayinyanzelekanga ukuba iyamkele loo nto. Wonke umnikezeli wengxoxo kuya kufuneka aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza aphendule intetho yenzondo - kulula ukuyibona - kwaye acacise ukuba oku kuchasene nomgaqo-nkqubo womboneleli. Kuninzi abanokukwenza ukongeza kodwa oko kuphela kunokuba namandla.
* Ququzelela ukwakha amaziko amaninzi okucinga kwabaMnyama kunye nesicwangciso esicacileyo sokupapasha kunye nokwazisa umxholo oveliswe ngabantu bomnombo waseAfrika. Ngamafutshane, yeka "ghetto-izing" ukucinga okumnyama kwi-Intanethi ngokuxhasa ngemali kunye nokuxhasa uphando oluqhutywa ngabaMnyama kunye namaziko okucinga kunye nokuququzelela ukupapashwa komsebenzi wabo.
* Chasa kwaye ubuyisele umva urhwebo lwabucala kunye noxinzelelo lweshishini lwe-intanethi ngokukhusela ukungathathi hlangothi kunye nokuphuhlisa kunye nokuxhasa isoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo kunye nofikelelo oluvulekileyo lopapasho. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ngundoqo we-Intanethi yasimahla.
Kwixesha ledijithali, idemokhrasi nenkululeko zixhomekeke ekukwazini kwethu ukunxibelelana nabanye ngendlela elinganayo nengenamkhethe. Kucacile ukuba iimpembelelo zexesha elide zocalucalulo zisaqhubeka kwaye ziyandiswa ngeteknoloji. Umzabalazo wanamhlanje wenkululeko uxhomekeke ekuqinisekiseni ilungelo lonxibelelwano olukhululekileyo nolulinganayo, olubalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni kwawo onke amanye amalungelo oluntu.
UJackie Smith, unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh, ungumseki we-International Network of Scholar / Activists kunye nenkokeli ye-May First / People Link. UAlfredo Lopez ubhala ngetekhnoloji yeLe nto ayinakwenzeka! njengelungu leqela.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela