Namhlanje, i-Intercept isungula "Umyalezo ovela kwikamva kunye ne-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez," ifilimu yemizuzu esixhenxe ebaliswa yi-congresswoman kwaye yaboniswa nguMolly Crabapple. Seta amashumi amabini eminyaka ukusuka ngoku, kukwala uluvo lokuba ikamva le-dystopian sisigqibo esishiyiweyo. Endaweni yoko, ibonelela ngovavanyo lokucinga: Kuthekani ukuba sigqibe kwelokuba singaqhubeki sisuka kwimozulu embi? Kuthekani ukuba sikhethe ukutshintsha indlela kwaye sisindise indawo yethu yokuhlala kunye neziqu zethu?
Kuthekani ukuba ngenene sikhuphe isivumelwano esitsha esiluhlaza? Ikamva laliza kuba njani ngoko?
Le yiprojekthi engafaniyo nayo nayiphi na into esiyenzileyo ngaphambili, ukunqumla imida phakathi kwenyani, intsomi, kunye nobugcisa obubonakalayo, ekhokelwa nguKim Boekbinder noJim Batt kwaye ibhalwe ngu-Ocasio-Cortez kunye no-Avi Lewis. Ukubuyisela ibinzana elivela kuSomlomo weNdlu uNancy Pelosi, "liphupha lethu eliluhlaza," eliphefumlelwe kukudubula kobugcisa obuveliswe ngexesha leNtsha entsha.
Kwaye yintsebenziswano kunye nomxholo kunye nembali ebonakala ifanele ukwabelana.
Emuva ngoDisemba, ndaqala ukuthetha noCrabapple - umzobi oqaqambileyo, umbhali, kunye nomenzi wefilimu - malunga nendlela esinokubandakanya ngayo abaculi abaninzi kumbono we-Green New Deal. Uninzi lweefom zobugcisa zinekhabhoni ephantsi kakhulu, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kwaye imveliso yenkcubeko idlale indima ephambili ngexesha likaFranklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal ngo-1930s.
Sicinge ukuba lixesha lokuba siphinde sikhuthaze amagcisa ukuba abe kolo hlobo lwemishini yentlalontle kwakhona - kodwa hayi kwiminyaka embalwa, ukuba abezopolitiko kunye nabaphembeleli bayakwazi ukuguqulela oko kuseyisicwangciso esirhabaxa sibe ngumthetho. Hayi, besifuna ukubona iGreen New Deal art kwangoko-ukunceda ukuphumelela umlo weentliziyo kunye neengqondo oya kugqiba ukuba unalo ithuba lokulwa kwasekuqaleni.
UCrabapple, kunye noBoekbinder kunye noBatt, baye bawonga indlela yokwenza ifilimu ethe yabonakala iphumelele kakhulu ekusasazeni izimvo ezibukhali ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwentsholongwane yokuzonwabisa kunye noJay Z "kwi-epic fail" yemfazwe yeziyobisi. "Ndingathanda ukwenza ividiyo kwi-Green New Deal kunye ne-AOC," kusho uCrabapple, okubonakala kum njengeqela lephupha.
Umbuzo wawusithi: Silibalisa njani ibali lento engekenzeki?
Siye saqaphela ukuba owona mqobo mkhulu kuhlobo lotshintsho olunombono weDili eNtsha yokuHlaza kukoyisa intandabuzo yokuba uluntu lunokuze lukhuphe into kweli nqanaba kunye nesantya. Lo ngumyalezo ebesiwuva uvela kwiziko โelinzuluโ kangangeenyanga ezine ngqo: ukuba likhulu kakhulu, libhongo kakhulu, ukuba ingqondo yethu eyongezwe kuTwitter ayinakukwazi, kwaye sijonge ukubukela nje iiwalrus ziwela kuzo. Ukufa kwiNetflix de kube kudala kakhulu.
Oku kuthandabuza kuyaqondakala. Ingcinga yokuba uluntu lunokugqiba ngokudibeneyo ukwamkela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwesiseko kwezothutho, izindlu, amandla, ezolimo, amahlathi, nokunye - kanye oko kufunekayo ukunqanda ukuwohloka kwemozulu - ayisiyonto uninzi lwethu lunayo nayiphi na ireferensi ephilayo. Sikhule sihlaselwe ngumyalezo wokuba akukho ndlela yimbi yenkqubo yecrappy eyonakalisa umhlaba kwaye iqokelela ubutyebi obuninzi phezulu. Kwinkoliso yeengcali zezoqoqosho, siva ukuba ngokusisiseko singamaqela okuzingca, afuna ukwanelisa ulonwabo. Ukusuka kwiimbali-mlando, sifunda ukuba utshintsho lwentlalo luye lwaba ngumsebenzi wamadoda amakhulu ahlukeneyo.
Iintsomi zenzululwazi azikhange zibe luncedo kangako nazo. Phantse yonke imbono yekamva esiyifumana kwiinoveli ezithengiswa kakhulu kunye neefilim zaseHollywood ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu zithatha uhlobo oluthile lwe-ecology kunye ne-apocalypse yentlalo lula. Iphantse yangathi siyekile ngokudibeneyo ukukholelwa ukuba ikamva liza kwenzeka, singasathethi ke ngokuba linokuba ngcono, ngeendlela ezininzi, kunangoku.
Iingxoxo zemithombo yeendaba ezipeyinta iSivumelwano esitsha esiLuhlaza njengento engenakwenzeka okanye iresiphi yobuzwilakhe yomeleza nje uvakalelo olungento. Kodwa nazi iindaba ezimnandi: Isivumelwano esitsha esidala sajongana ngokuchanekileyo neentlobo ezifanayo zenkcaso-kwaye ayizange iyimise okomzuzu.
Ukususela ekuqaleni, abahlalutyi be-elite bahlekisa ngezicwangciso ze-FDR njengento yonke ukusuka kwi-fascism erhubuluzayo ukuya kwi-closet communism. Ngomnyaka we-1933 olingana nothi "Baza kuthengela iihambhega zakho!" USam waseRiphablikhi uHenry D. Hatfield waseWest Virginia wabhala komnye umntu osebenza naye, โObu bubuzwilakhe, bubuzwilakhe obu, kukutshatyalaliswa kwenkululeko. Ngaloo ndlela umntu oqhelekileyo waseMerika uthotywa kwimo yerobhothi.โ Owayesakuba ngumlawuli waseDuPont khalaza ukuba urhulumente unika imisebenzi ehlawula kakuhle, "ii-negro ezintlanu kwindawo yam eSouth Carolina zala ukusebenza kule ntwasahlobo ... kwaye umpheki kwisikhephe sam eFort Myers wayeka kuba urhulumente wayembhatala idola ngeyure njengomzobi."
Amajoni asekunene aseka; kwabe kukho ne sloppy icebo liqela loosomashishini ukuze babhukuqe iFDR.
Abantu abazibiza ngokuba zii-centrists bathatha indlela echuliweyo ngakumbi: Kuhlelo lwephephandaba kunye nee-op-eds, balumkise i-FDR ukuba yehlise isantya kwaye ihlehle umva. Umbhali-mbali uKim Phillips-Fein, umbhali we "Izandla Ezingabonakaliyo: I-Crusade yoSomashishini ngokuchasene neSivumelwano esitsha," undixelele ukuba ukufana nohlaselo lwanamhlanje kwi-Green New Deal kwiindawo ezifana neNew York Times zicacile. Abazange bayichase ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, banokuthi awufuni ukwenza utshintsho oluninzi ngaxeshanye, kangangokuba yayinkulu kakhulu, ikhawuleza kakhulu. Ukuba abaphathi kufuneka balinde kwaye bafunde ngakumbi. โ
Kwaye nangona kukho konke ukuchasana kunye nokungabandakanywa, ukuthandwa kweNew Deal kuqhubekile ukunyuka, ukuphumelela iDemocrats isininzi esikhulu kwiNkongolo phakathi kunye ne-FDR kunyulo kwakhona ngo-1936.
Isizathu esinye sokuba uhlaselo lwe-elite aluzange luphumelele ekuguquleleni uluntu ngokuchasene neSivumelwano esitsha sasinento yokwenza namandla angenakubalwa obugcisa, awayezinziswe phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo zotshintsho lwexesha. Abathengisi abaTsha babone amagcisa njengabasebenzi abafana nabo nabaphi na abanye: abantu abathe, kuxinzelelo olunzulu, bafanelwe kuncedo oluthe ngqo lukarhulumente ukuze baqhelisele urhwebo lwabo. Njengoko umlawuli woLawulo lweMisebenzi yeNkcubeko uHarry Hopkins esitsho, "Sihogo, kufuneka batye njengabanye abantu."
Ngeenkqubo ezibandakanya iProjekthi yoBugcisa obuManyeneyo, iProjekthi yoMculo we-Federal, iProjekthi ye-Federal Theatre, kunye neProjekthi ye-Federal Writers (yonke inxalenye ye-WPA), kunye neCandelo likaNondyebo wePainting kunye neMifanekiso kunye nabanye abaninzi, amashumi amawaka abadwebi, iimvumi, abafoti, ababhali bemidlalo yeqonga, abenzi befilimu, abadlali, ababhali, kunye nentaphane yamagcisa afumene umsebenzi onentsingiselo, ongazange ubonwe ngaphambili. inkxaso ukuya kumagcisa ase-Afrika-aseMelika kunye nabeMveli.
Isiphumo yaba kukuvuselelwa kokuyila kunye nomsebenzi omangalisayo owaguqula imbonakalo yelizwe. I-Federal Art Project iyodwa ivelise imisebenzi yobugcisa ephantse ibe ngama-475,000, kubandakanywa iipowusta ezingaphezu kwama-2,000, imizobo eseludongeni engama-2,500, kunye ne-100,000 yeekhanvasi zeendawo zoluntu. Isitali sayo samagcisa sasiquka uJackson Pollock kunye noWillem de Kooning. Ababhali abathathe inxaxheba kwiNkqubo yabaBhali beFederal baquka uZora Neale Hurston, uRalph Ellison, noJohn Steinbeck.
Uninzi lobugcisa obuveliswe ziinkqubo zeNdlela eNtsha yayimalunga nokuzisa uvuyo nobuhle kubantu abadlakazwe luxinzelelo, kwaye icela umngeni kuluvo oluxhaphakileyo lokuba ubugcisa bobabantu abakumgangatho ophezulu. Njengoko i-FDR yakubeka kwileta yowe-1938 eya kumbhali uHendrik Willem van Loon: โNam, ndinephupha-ukubonisa abantu abakwindawo engaphandle, abanye babo bengekho kwiilali ezincinci kuphela kodwa kwiikona zeNew York. IsiXeko โฆ eminye imizobo yokwenyani kunye nemizobo kunye nomculo wokwenyani. "
Kwakukho ubugcisa bezopolitiko obungaphaya kwamandla, njengemidlalo yeqonga ephikisana kakhulu kaSinclair Lewis ethi "Ayinakwenzeka Apha," eyavulwa kwizixeko ezili-18. Obunye ubugcisa beDeal Deal obumiselwe ukubonisa ilizwe elonakeleyo libuyela kulo kwaye kwinkqubo, yenze imeko engenakuphikiswa yokuba kutheni iinkqubo zoncedo lweSivumelwano esitsha zazifuneka ngamandla. Isiphumo yaba ngumsebenzi wemifanekiso eqingqiweyo, ukusuka kumfanekiso kaDorothea Lange weentsapho zeDust Bowl ezigutyungelwe ngamafu okungcola kwaye zanyanzelwa ukuba zifuduke, ukuya kwimifanekiso eyoyikisayo kaWalker Evans yamafama arentisayo ezalise amaphepha โMasithi Ngoku Sidumise Amadoda Adumileyo,โ ukuya kwingozi yaseGordon Parks. Ukufota kubomi bemihla ngemihla eHarlem.
Amanye amagcisa avelisa ithemba ngakumbi, kwanendalo ye-utopian, esebenzisa ubugcisa bemizobo, iifilimu ezimfutshane, kunye nemizobo emikhulu yokubhala inguqu eqhubekayo phantsi kweenkqubo ze-New Deal - imizimba eyomeleleyo eyakha iziseko ezitsha, ukutyala imithi, kunye nokunye ukuthabatha iziqwenga zesizwe sabo.
Abagxeki be-FDR bahlasele iinkqubo zobugcisa njengepropaganda, kodwa abathathi-nxaxheba baphendula ukuba bangamakholwa okwenyaniso. โSonke sasizimisele kakhulu ngabaThengisi abatsha,โ khumbula U-Edward Biderman, omnye wabazobi abadumileyo ngeli xesha. Kwaye sathi sakufumana [imigaqo-nkqubo yeDili eNtsha] ibonakala kwiinkqubo zobugcisa, saba nomdla ngakumbi.
Kanye njengokuba mna noCrabapple saqala ukucamngca ngombono wefilimu emfutshane yeDili eNtsha yeGreen, i-Intercept ishicilelwe isiqwenga sikaKate Aronoff esibekwe ngonyaka we-2043, emva kokuba i-Green New Deal ifikile. Yaxelela ibali lokuba ubomi babunjani ku "Gina" oyintsomi, owakhulela kwihlabathi apho imigaqo-nkqubo yeGreen New Deal yaqulunqwa: "Wayenobuntwana obuzinzile. Abazali bakhe baye bafumana ikhefu losapho elihlawulelwayo ababenelungelo lokulifumana, waza emva koko wasiwa kwinkqubo yokunyamekela abantwana simahla.โ Emva kwekholeji yasimahla, โwachitha iinyanga ezintandathu ebuyisela imigxobhozo kunye nezinye ezintandathu esebenza ngokuzithandela kwindawo yokunyamekela abantwana njengaleyo wayeye kuyo.โ
Esi siqwenga sachukumisa abafundi, ubukhulu becala kuba sasicinga ixesha elizayo eyayingelulo uhlobo lwamagorha "Mad Max" alwa amaqela ajikelezayo eemfazwe zamazimu. UCrabapple kwaye ndagqiba ekubeni ifilimu inokwenza into efana neqhekeza lika-Aronoff, kodwa ngeli xesha ukusuka kwindawo ye-Ocasio-Cortez. Yayiza kubonisa ihlabathi emva iSivumelwano Esitsha esiLuhlaza awayesilwela siye saba yinyani.
Kungekudala saba neskripthi, esibhalwe ngu-Ocasio-Cortez kunye noLewis, owathi, njengomlawuli wengxelo yethu yemozulu "Oku kutshintsha yonke into" kunye nomlawuli weqhinga leqela lobulungisa bemozulu. Ukutsiba, ucinga ngehlabathi emva kokuba siphumelele ixesha elizeleyo. Okulandelayo kwafika umlingo wobugcisa beCrabapple kunye neBoekbinder kunye noyilo lwevidiyo yeBatt kunye nesikhokelo.
Namhlanje, siqalisa isiphumo sokugqibela: ikhadi leposi lemizuzu esixhenxe ukusuka kwixesha elizayo. Imalunga nendlela, ekuhambeni kwexesha, inyambalala yoluntu kolona qoqosho likhulu emhlabeni yakholelwa ukuba ngokwenene besifanele ukugcinwa. Kuba, njengoko u-Ocasio-Cortez esitsho kwifilimu, ikamva lethu alikabhalwa kwaye "sinokuba yiyo nantoni na esinesibindi sokuyibona."
Nceda ubukele kwaye wabelane ngayo. Ithemba lethu lelokuba esi siqwenga siza kukhuthaza ubugcisa obutsha beDilili entsha. Ngaphezu koko, sinethemba lokuba idlala indima encinci ekukhuthazeni iDili eNtsha eluhlaza. Umbhali wentsomi yenzululwazi uKim Stanley Robinson kutshanje wanikela esi sikhumbuzo sicacisayo malunga nezibonda eziphambi kwethu:
Ikamva aliphoswa kwikhosi enye engenakuthintelwa. Ngokuchasene noko, sinokubangela isiganeko esikhulu sesithandathu sokutshabalala kwimbali yoMhlaba, okanye singenza impucuko ephumelelayo, ezinzileyo kwixesha elide. Nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuqala ngoku.
credits:
"Umyalezo ovela kwikamva kunye no-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez"
Inikwe nguThe Intercept kunye noNaomi Klein
Ibaliswa nguAlexandria Ocasio-Cortez
Ibhalwe ngu-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez kunye no-Avi Lewis
Iveliswe nguSharp As Knives, Molly Crabapple, Avi Lewis, kunye noLauren Feeney
Iboniswe nguMolly Crabapple
Ikhokelwa nguKim Boekbinder kunye noJim Batt
Iphefumlelwe linqaku likaKate Aronoff
Umhleli-oyiNtloko: Betsy Reed
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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