I-media coverage enkulu ukuba ukudlula umtshato wesini esifanayo kwi
Ukujonga ixesha elimisiweyo kusixelela okuninzi. UGawulayo waqala ukuxelwa kuluntu lwamadoda angamafanasini ngehlobo lowe-1981. Ngowe-1983 kwakukho iimeko ezingama-3,000 1986. Ngowe-XNUMX i ENew York Times yanikela ingxelo yokuba, โIFederal Centers for Disease Control iqikelela ukuba kukho abantu abatsha abaphakathi kwe-14,000 15,000 ne-XNUMX XNUMX abanoGawulayo, uninzi lwabo kumaqela amabini asele ebandezelekile, amafanasini angamadoda nasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokutofela iziyobisi.โ Ukuba loo nto yayingoyiki ngokwaneleyo, i Maxesha wahlabela mgama wathi, โuGqr. UAnthony J. Fauci, umalathisi weZiko leSizwe leZifo zokwalana noKwalisa kunye neZifo ezosulelayo, omnye wamagunya aphezulu kaRhulumente kuGawulayo, uthe namhlanje ukholelwa ukuba, ngokwesiseko soqikelelo โoluthambileyoโ kakhulu, ukuba isigidi esinye sabemi baseMerika sele bosulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Le ntsholongwane yaye eli nani liya kutsiba liye kutsho ubuncinane kwizigidi ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 kwisithuba seminyaka emi-5 ukusa kweli-10. Kwakhona wabeka esichengeni intelekelelo yokuba malunga nama-40 ekhulwini abo basulelweyo ekugqibeleni baya kuba noGawulayo baze bafe ngenxa yakhe. . . .
Ayinabo bonke abantu abachatshazelwa yi-HIV-AIDS babengamadoda angama-gay, kodwa ibala lesi sifo kwasekuqaleni kwaye nokuba, kwinqanaba elikhulu, ngoku, liqhagamshelwe kwimisebenzi yesondo yesini. Inyaniso yayikukuba lonke uluntu lwamafanasini kwimimandla yasezidolophiniโeSan Francisco, eWashington DC, eChicago, naseNew Yorkโbadlakazwe nguGawulayo, bengajonganga nje ukufa okuninzi, kodwa babecalulwa ngokwezindlu, ingqesho, nonyango.
Amadoda amaninzi afumanisa ukuba ulwalamano lwawoโoluqondwa ngumthethoโaluqondwa yaye lungahoywa zizibhedlele, oogqirha, iintsapho zabo ezithandana nabo, kwanemibutho yoonontlalontle. Amabali amadoda angazange avunyelwe ukuba abe kwibhedi yeqabane lawo esibhedlele ngenxa yokuba ayengengomaqabane atshatileyo ngokusemthethweni ayexhaphakile. Amaqela asemthethweni e-LGBT alwa nolucalucalulo ngeendlela ezininzi, ngokukodwa ngokunceda amadoda angama-gay abhale amaxwebhu asemthethweni-njengama-proxies ezonyango, amandla ommeli, kunye neminqweno yokuphila-eya โโkunika izibini okanye abahlobo ubudlelwane obusemthethweni. Ngeli xesha, kwakungekho mtshato wesini esifanayo, owawunokunika izibini onke la malungelo asemthethweni.
Ngowe-1993, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yaseHawaii yawisa isigwebo sokuba abantu besini esinye ukuba batshate kulucalucalulo. ULungiso loMgaqo-siseko lwapasiswa ngokukhawuleza olwaluchaza umtshato njengophakathi kwendoda nomfazi. Kodwa i-panic ebangelwa yi-original
Ngeentsuku zokuqala zokutshata kwabantu besini esifanayo, abaphembeleli bagxininisa โkukulingana ngokomgaqo-siseko phantsi kwengxoxo yomthetho.โ Yayilucalucalulo phantsi komthetho wekhontrakthi owalela abantu besini esifanayo ukuba bangene kumtshato osemthethweni ovunywe ngurhulumente. Njengoko iingxabano zabavukeli bomtshato wesini esifanayo ziya zisiba nzima ngakumbi, ngokucacileyo impikiswano โyokulingana phantsi komthethoโโeyayichanile ngokwemigaqo yokuziphatha nasemthethweniโyayingasebenzi konke konke. Kwakhe kwakhankanywa iingxaki ezimanyumnyezi ajongene nazo ngamadoda angamafanasini ngeminyaka yoo-1980, kodwa, ngenxa yokuba le yayiyeyona mizekelo icacileyo yembali, ayembalwa. Into eyakhankanywa ngabaxhasi bomtshato wesini esifanayo kukuba umtshato osemthethweni waseburhulumenteni uya kuvumela izibini ukuba zibe nokufikelela ngokupheleleyo ekutyeleleni nasekwenzeni izigqibo zonyango kumaqabane awo. Kodwa uGawulayo, ubukhulu becala, akazange akhankanywe.
Xa uGawulayo wangena kwingxubusho yomtshato wabantu besini esifanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo wayechazwa njengomfanekiso osongelayo ngoko kwenzekayo xa abantu bengenakutshata. Ababhali abaninzi baye babhenela uGawulayoโkunye nonxulumano olungenakuphepheka lokuziphatha okubi kwamadoda angamafanasiniโnjengomphumo wokungatshati kwabantu besini esifanayo. Ngenxa yokuba, ingxabano iya, amadoda angama-gay ayengavumelekanga ukuba atshate, awazange enze ubudlelwane obuqinileyo, obunothando kwaye, ngoko ke, babe neentlobano zesini ezininzi. okukhokelela kuGawulayo.
Nditsho noWilliam Eskiridge, isifundiswa esibekekileyo
Olu nxulumano phakathi kwe-AIDS kunye nomtshato wesini esifanayo lububuxoki kwaye, okubi kakhulu, lulahlekisa kakhulu njengoko lungajongani neenyaniso ezisisiseko zothintelo lwe-HIV. Ikwagxininisa ukuba umtshato ngokwawo sisithintelo sentlalo kunye nenkcubeko. Kodwa umtshato awuyi kukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-HIV, ukwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo kuya kukwenza. Ayinamsebenzi nokuba bangaphi abantu olala nabo, ibalulekile into oyenzayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba, ngenxa yokuba abantu baseMerika babonakala benonxibelelwano olunzulu kwingcamango yokuba isondo sidibene nezifo, ukufa, kunye nentlalontle kunye nezopolitiko urhwaphilizo, loo mbono yathatha ingcambu kwaye inathi namhlanje.
Unxulumano olucacileyo, olungachanekanga kakhulu phakathi kwe-HIV/AIDS kunye nomtshato wesini esifanayo luvela ngamaxesha athile-kaninzi njengeqhinga lokoyikisa. Okothusayo kukuba, emva kweminyaka engama-30 yobhubhani we-AIDS abanye abantu basacinga ukuba amaqhinga oloyiko asebenza njengendlela eluncedo yokufundisa nge-HIV/AIDS.
Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo ndiye ndeva ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba abazali bala madodaโubukhulu becala bakhankanya ooninaโbakwamkela ngakumbi ukuphuma kwabo nobufanasini babo ukuba banentelekelelo yokuba ekugqibeleni oonyana babo baza kutshata. Ekuqaleni, ndandicinga ukuba esi sikhalazo esifanayo neso ndisiva kubafundi abaselula abanesini esahlukileyo (abadla ngokuba ngabafazi): ingcinezelo yabazali yokuba batshate. Kwaye kutheni kungenjalo? Ukuba umtshato "litywina legolide" lobudlelwane kwilizwe lethu, abazali baya kufuna ukuba abantwana babo bafumane iqabane eligqibeleleyo lokutshata. Kodwa okukhona ndibamamela aba bafana nezinto ezithethwa ngabazali babo, kokukhona kwacacayo kum ukuba eyona nto yoyikwayo yayingekokuba bangaphetha bengatshatanga, kodwa basenokuphelela emoyeni befile nguGawulayo. Ukungavisisani kwabo malunga nesini sonyana wabo-kaninzi babecace gca ekungoneliseki kwabo ngokwesini kwenzala yabo-kwaye kwenziwa nzulu luloyiko lwabo nge-HIV/AIDS kunye nentelekelelo yabo yokuba ukuba babenokwabelana ngesondo bayakuba sesichengeni.
Oku kwenza ingqiqo egqibeleleyo njengoko uninzi lwabafundi bam bekhulele kwihlabathi apho i-HIV/AIDS ngoku isisifo esilawulekayo. Oku kwakungeyonyaniso kubazali babo ababephila kweyona minyaka yoyikekayo yobhubhani xa wawunganyangeki kwaye kwakukho ibala elingathethekiyo lentlalo elalineziphumo zokwenene kubomi babantu.
Eyona mpendulo ilungileyo kolu loyiko lwabazali kukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyazi ngesondo esikhuselekileyo, usebenzisa iikhondom, kwaye uziva emkhulu ngokwaneleyo malunga nesini sakhe ukuba avuleleke kwaye anyaniseke kunye namaqabane kwaye ayixabise impilo yakhe neyabo. Ngokucacileyo, โNdivuya kakhulu xa udibene nomntu omthandayo, ucinga ukuba kuya kuphumelela uze utshate?โ yimpendulo elula neqinisekisayo ngokwasemoyeni kunokubakhuthaza ukuba baphonononge iminqweno yabo yesini-abayenzayo nangona kunjalo-kwaye balumke kwaye baphile kangangoko.
Abanye babafundi bam abangamadoda bavakalisa umnqweno wokutshata, ngokuqhelekileyo kwixesha elizayo, kwaye abanye abanamdla kwaphela. Ndiyarhana ukuba abanye baya kutshintsha iingqondo zabo. Kwakhona ndiyarhana ukuba, njengabo bathandana besini esahlukileyo, banokutshata izihlandlo ezininzi yaye, njengabantu abaninzi abathandana nabesini esahlukileyo, baye baphila ubomi obuntsonkothileyo ngokweemvakalelo nangokwabelana ngesondo ngaphambi, ebudeni nasemva komtshato wabo. Akukho nanye koku, nangona kunjalo, inento yokwenza nothintelo lwe-HIV/AIDS.
Inyaniso namhlanje yeyokuba inkoliso yabantu besini esifanayo abatshatayo sele bekhulile yaye bebesoloko becinga ngomtshato kangangeminyaka. Lixesha kuphela eliya kuxela ukuba iilesbians ezincinci kunye nee-gay ziyakwenza ntoni. Kodwa inye into eqinisekileyo: intelekelelo yokuba umtshato wesini esifanayo unalo naluphi na unxulumano lokwenyani kuthintelo lwe-HIV/AIDS luyingozi kubazali, kulutsha, nakubalweli bomtshato wesini esifanayo kwaye kufuneka iyekwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
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UMichael Bronski ngumhlohli ophezulu kwizifundo zabaseTyhini nezesini kwiKholeji yaseDartmouth. Incwadi yakhe yamva njeโA Imbali Queer ye