T
nantsi
ichibi elikufutshane nomda wedolophu yase-Oakland kwaye ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu
ibiyeyona nto iphambili kuhambo loxolo lweveki lokulwa imfazwe. Yonke
Emva kwemini ngeCawa iqela elincinane lihlanganisana echibini, lize linduluke
kuhambo lweemayile ezintathu ukujikeleza umjikelezo wayo.
The
Isihlandlo sokuqala endaya ngaso kwakungoMatshi 2003, iiveki nje ezimbalwa
ngaphambi kokuba kuqale imfazwe. Indawo yokuhlanganisana yayiyiColonade, isakhiwo
oko kubonakala ngathi yinto ephuma kwiGrisi yamandulo. Malunga nama-40 abantu
bafika, abaninzi bephethe iiplacards neebhanile ezifundeka ngolu hlobo: “Hayi
Igazi le-oyile, "i-Bush kunye ne-Ashcroft yi-Axis yoBubi,"
kunye ne "Stop Mad Cowboy Disease." Abanye bavakalise inkxaso
ngenxa yenjongo yasePalestina kwaye ezinye zazimalunga nokusingqongileyo. Nye
Umntu weza nenja yaseSt. Bernard ephethe isaziso esithi: “Ndichama
kwiBush.”
The
iqela libandakanya yonke iminyaka. UPat Maginnis, umhlali weqela
Umzobi wekhathuni, wayephakathi kwiminyaka yakhe yama-70 kwaye wayebandakanyeka kwezopolitiko
ukusukela ngoo-1950. Ke kwakukho uVern Krohn, umlweli-mkhosi oneminyaka engama-87 ubudala,
“ngemijelo” yakhe—inqwelo encinane awayekhwele kuyo
waxhoma umqondiso omkhulu othi, “Honk for Peace,” abaqhubi beemoto abadlulayo
unokufunda ukusuka kwibhloko okanye ezimbini kude.
"UCanzibe
Ndinike ingqalelo yakho,” watsho uBeth Wagner. UBeth waba ngu
umlweli woxolo ukusukela ngeMfazwe yaseVietnam. Usuka kwi-conservative
usapho eVirginia kwaye waqala ubomi njengeRiphabhlikhi. Ngexesha lakhe lokuqala
Ngonyaka kaWilliam & noMary, wajoyina isahluko sekhampasi ye-Young
AmaRiphabhlikhi kaNixon kuba wayecinga ukuba sitshintshe abongameli
oko kunokuzisa imfazwe esiphelweni. “Ndandingento yanto
intombazana yasemaphandleni evela kwiintonga engazange ibe kude nekhaya
ngaphambili,” utshilo. Emva kokubulawa kwe-Kent State ngo-1970
wajoyina umbutho ochasene nemfazwe. Ukususela ekuqhushumbeni kweYugoslavia ngowe-1999,
yena nomyeni wakhe, uSteve, baye baba sisixhobo kwiLake Merritt
Abamelwane baLungiselela uXolo (LMNOP), njengoko abahambi bechibi bebizwa njalo.
eBhete
yazisa izinto ezininzi emva koko saqalisa uhambo lwethu lweemayile ezintathu.
ILake Merritt yindawo yokugcina izilwanyana zasendle exhaswa ngemali ngurhulumente; yiyo
eyona indala kweli lizwe, ukusukela ngo-1870. Imihlambi emikhulu ye
amarhanisi nezinye iintaka zasemanzini zihlala ngaselunxwemeni.
ukusuka
Ukuqala kohambo lwethu, abaqhubi beemoto abadlulayo bebesinika
impendulo eyakhayo. Maxa wambi yayiba ngumqhubi omnye; ngamaxesha athile
ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Ngamanye amaxesha ukubetha iindlebe kwakuqhekeza. "Ingayiyo
sifanele sikulumkele ngakumbi oko sikucelayo,” ndeva omnye umntu
phawula ngokuqhula. Abanye bavuma ukuba maxa wambi ukubethwa amahunga kwafumana
kabuhlungu.
bayilandele
nabakhweli beebhayisekile nabo bavakalise inkxaso. “Beep, beep,” watsho
enye ibaleki xa idlula. Abanye bawangawangisa imiqondiso yoxolo eneminwe emibini
okanye wasinika ubhontsi. Echibini kwakukho igondola; igondolier
wawangawangisa ngesandla waza wasikhwaza ngesiTaliyane esithi, “Pace.”
We
kwadlula inkwenkwana eyakhomba uphawu olukwenye yeeplacards zethu
wabuza unina ukuba yintoni na. "Luphawu loxolo,"
wamxelela. "Bafuna abantu bayeke ukubulalana."
kodwa
ayinguye wonke umntu ovumelana nesizathu sethu. Isibini sabafana saqhuba ngokuzulazula
thina ngomnwe, sikhwaza, "Sifuna imfazwe, imfazwe, imfazwe, imfazwe."
Of
Kakade ke, sasingayilindelanga into yokuba wonke umntu avumelane nathi; ngethamsanqa,
abo bavakalisa ukusabela kakubi babenqabile kwaye abanye babo
amagqabaza ayehlekisa ngempazamo. “Awunamsebenzi kwaphela
kuye wonke umntu olapha,” wakhwaza watsho omnye umntu ongamfuniyo. “Akukho mntu
ndimamele. Akukho mntu.” Ngaphandle kwabo bambalwa baxhasi bemfazwe,
sifumene impendulo entle kakhulu. Abanye abahambi ngeenyawo
wathi kuthi, "Enkosi ngokuthatha ixesha ukwenza oku."
As
sahamba, ndathetha nabantu abandijikelezileyo. Omnye yayinguMark Boynton,
ngubani omdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba akhumbule iMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Wakhulela kuloo ndawo
babemane besiza elwandle, besiya kubambisa iintlanzi, ukuze banyibilikise. Ngeminyaka yee-1950
wayengumgawuli, egawula iinkuni ezibomvu kwindawo yaseGarberville.
“Amanye aloo redwoods ayengaphaya kwewaka leminyaka ubudala,”
UMark wandixelela, “Kakhulu kangangokuba kwafuneka ukuba bahlulwe kubini ukuze barhuqwe
ngelori. Kwakukho umda wobubanzi. Ezo zigodo zikhulu zazibizwa ngokuba ‘ngamathanga,’
kwaye ukwahlukana kwenziwa ngedambane.”
le
kwakumalunga ne-75 ixesha uMarko ehambahamba echibini.
wandixelela, esongeza ukuba uhambo loxolo lwaqala ngo-1991
xa umntu omnye ethatha ibhanile yemfazwe kwaye ebambe umlindo wasebusuku
ngasechibini. Abanye bamthelela kwaye bayiguqula ibe yiveki
hamba. Ekupheleni kwaloo mfazwe uhambo loxolo lwayekwa kwade kwabakho
Ngo-1999 xa i-US yahlasela iSerbia. Amalungu eqela elidala afumana
kunye kwakhona. UBeth noSteve Wagner bamisela uluhlu lwe-imeyile.
"Kuba
kwiminyaka embalwa elandelayo saqhagamshelana nabantu ukuba bahambe nathi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo
iziganeko ezichasene nemfazwe, ngakumbi ukuxhasa iPalestine kunye nokuchasene
izohlwayo eIraq,” utshilo uSteve. “Emva kohlaselo
kwiWorld Trade Center, kwacaca ukuba uBush uza kuhla
iibhombu kwenye indawo okanye kwenye kungekudala. Ngenxa yayo yonke i-jingoistic manipulation
kwintlungu yokwenyani yabantu, siye saba nexhala xa siqhekeza
yakhupha imiqondiso yaza yaqalisa uhambo kwakhona ngoSeptemba 23, 2001
eneebhanile ezikhwaza ‘Okusesikweni, Kungekhona Impindezelo.’
"Le
impendulo evela kuluntu yayintle kakhulu ukusuka kwi
ekuqaleni,” utshilo. “Ukubakho kuye kwehlile kwaye
ihambile, kodwa besiphuma rhoqo ngeeCawe sibonisa ubukho
ukuze kubekho uxolo kwiindawo ezingqonge ichibi.”
Steve
UWagner wazalelwa e-Albion, eWashington, ephantsi komoya
Imisebenzi yeAtomic yaseHanford. “I-Albion ibiyindawo entle ukuba
umntwana,” uSteve wangqina ngeziphumo zempilo zikarhulumente
ikomitana. “Besingazi ukuba uhlala phi na
UHanford wayesenza impilo yethu. " Omnye wabazala bakhe wafa
i-leukemia kunye nenye yethumba ebuchotsheni. “Intsapho yakowethu yayidla ngokuzibuza
kwakutheni ukuze uJerry noKaren bafe besebancinane yaye ngoku sinobuhle
umbono omhle ukuba kutheni. " USteve unesifo sedlala lengqula aza kusenzela sona
kufuneka athathe amayeza ubomi bakhe bonke.
omnye
abahamba echibini baye baba namava abuhlungu oluhlobo oluthile,
nto leyo eyabakhuthaza ukuba babe ngamatshantliziyo. Kukho u-Ed, odla umhlala-phantsi
imvumi yeokhestra. Njengokwishumi elivisayo uEd wachitha iinyanga ezilithoba ehlala naye
izalamane ngoxa babefunda umculo eJamani—oko kwakungowe-1933.
unyaka uHitler awaqalisa ngawo ukulawula. Ukhumbula ukuba amaNazi aqala
ukunyanzela iimvumi ezingamaYuda ukuba ziwuyeke umsebenzi wazo. “Ndandineminyaka eli-14 ubudala
ixesha kunye nezo nyanga emva kokuba amaNazi ethath' intambo
mna,” watsho.
Cathy
UGreen wayesebenza kwithisisi yenkosi yakhe kwijografi kwaye yena
wathetha ngechibi. “ILake Merritt yinkcubeko kunye nokuhamba
hub, ethandwa ngabantu ababalekayo, abahambi, nabakhweli beebhayisekile,” uCathy
wachaza.
"Le
eyona nto ingcono ngalo mngcelele woxolo kukuba abantu bayasibona
mhlawumbi lelona qela lahlukeneyo kwi-Bay Area. Sinabaphambukeli
ehlabathini lonke—kuMbindi noMzantsi Merika, kwanakwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika
njenge-Ethiopia neSenegal. Kukho abantu abaninzi baseTshayina,
kunye nabantu abaninzi abavela kwiiPhilippines, eThailand, eKhambodiya,
IVietnam, kunye neLaos.
“Oakland
inecandelo elikhulu lama-Afrika aseMelika kunye nengingqi yaseFruitvale
ngumxube weLatino kunye neSoutheast Asia. Iziko leNkcubeko yamaSilamsi
ikufuphi; yasekwa ngabaphambukeli baseIran. Awukwazanga
cela abaphulaphuli abaxube ngakumbi. "
I
ekuqaleni weva malunga LMNOP (Lake Merritt Neighbors Organised for
Peace) evela kuJeff, umsebenzi weposi. UJeff wayesiya ukususela ngoko
Okthobha odlulileyo. Ekuqaleni wayeziva eneentloni ngokwenene ukuba nenxaxheba
kumsebenzi obonakalayo, oseqongeni, wandixelela. Ekugqibeleni wenza
waqhelana nayo kwaye wafumanisa ukuba unemvakalelo eyakhayo kuyo. “Ukuthabatha
inxaxheba koku indenza ndizive ndonwabile ngam,” utshilo. “I
impendulo enkulu esiyifumana kubantu abalapha yinxalenye enkulu yayo. ”
abaninzi
yeqela yaqinisekisa le mvakalelo yokuba yinxalenye yesizathu esilungileyo.
Kwakukho nombono wentlalo, ukudibana kunye nokuthetha ngeengqondo ezifanayo
abantu. Ngokungafaniyo nemingcelele emininzi yokulwa imfazwe, kwakungekho kuculwa; endaweni yoko,
wonke umntu ebencokola etshintshiselana ngeendaba zamva nje. Uninzi lweencoko
zazimalunga nezopolitiko. Iincwadi, iikopi zamaphephandaba, neekhasethi ezirekhodiweyo
zatshintshwa. Phakathi kwababhali abathandayo kwakukho uHoward Zinn kunye
UMichael Parenti. Kwabelwana ngolwazi lwekhompyutha; abantu banceda
omnye nomnye ngena kwi-intanethi kwaye bafunde ukungena kwi-Intanethi. Ubuhlobo
yenziwe. Nkqu nezothando zaqala kuhambo loxolo.
The
Ukujikeleza kwechibi kwathabatha iyure enesiqingatha; kwakumalunga no-4:30 PM
xa sifika kwiKoloni apho sasiqale khona.
T
he
Imfazwe yesibini echasene neIraq yaqala ngoMatshi 19, 2003 kwaye zininzi
imiboniso kwindawo yaseSan Francisco. Ngokujonga inani
kubantu abathabath' inxaxheba, umbutho ochasene nemfazwe wabonakala unawo
inkxaso enkulu. Okanye ngaba kunjalo? Ngokwe-polls ezipapashwa kwi
kumajelo eendaba, imfazwe ngequbuliso yaba ngunobangela odumileyo.
Nalapha kwi-Bay Area ngaphezulu kwama-60 ekhulwini axhasa imfazwe, i
uvoto oluxeliweyo. Ngoko, ngeCawa elandelayo eLake Merritt, ndandinjalo
sicinga ukuba uhambo lwethu loxolo luya kufumana impendulo enjani. Kwi
kwiiveki zakutshanje abamalunga nama-40 bethu bebenenxaxheba; ngaloo mini apho
zazingaphezu kwe-100. Ngokuphathelele impendulo, ukukhala kweemoto kwahamba ngendlela
ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na endiye ndadibana nayo ngeeCawe ezidlulileyo.
"Le
Ukuvota kuxela ukuba iipesenti ezingama-60 zabantu baseBay Area baxhasa imfazwe, ”
ibhinqa elikufutshane nam lathi, “Ayivakali ngolo hlobo kum.”
Ngelo xesha umntu owayekwimoto edlulayo wakhwaza esithi, “Mfowuni.
Fuck nonke.”
“Kukho
ama-60 ekhulwini,” watsho omnye yaye wonke umntu owayephulaphule
wahleka. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba inani elikhulu labantu liye lakhala
thina kunye nokukhwaza amanyala, ngekungazange kube yinto ehlekisayo.
Kodwa iimpendulo ezimbalwa ezingalunganga esizifumeneyo bezingamelanga kangako
basihlekisa. Oko sasizibonela ngokwethu
yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwinto ebinikelwa ngamajelo eendaba.
Oko
imini yayiyenye yezona ndawo ziphakamileyo zohambo lwethu loxolo eLake Merritt.
Bekuya kuba kuhle ukuba abantu abaninzi bebelapho
rhoqo ngeeCawe, kodwa akwenzekanga oko. Njengoko iinyanga zihamba
ngo, amanani ethu ancipha kancinci. Ukuya kwethu kwesiqhelo kwiindawo ezijikelezayo
Abantu abangama-40 behle baya kuma-30, emva koko baya malunga neshumi elinesibini. Emva koko ngequbuliso
imfazwe yayiphelile-okanye ubuncinane yayibonakala iphelile-kunye nequmrhu
uhlaselo lwaluqhubeka. Uninzi lwethu lwalulindele ukuba uBush aqale enye imfazwe ngaphambili
elide, kodwa, okomzuzwana ubuncinane, kwakukho inkohliso yokuba
phakathi kweemfazwe. Kunzima ukuchasa imfazwe ephelile kwaye
mhlawumbi besibonakala ngathi asihambisani.
On
ngeCawe yokuqala kaMeyi, uBeth Wagner wabhengeza ukuba, ngenxa yokugula
impilo, wayengenakukwazi ukuqhubeka. Wayenendawo ewohlokayo
isifo esenza ukuba umsebenzi womzimba ube buhlungu ngakumbi. Ngexesha
kunyaka onesiqingatha, uthathe inxaxheba kwiisekethe ezingaphezu kwama-80
yechibi. Ngoko sasivakalelwa kukuba olu hambo luya kuba lolokugqibela, ubuncinane de
imfazwe elandelayo. Kodwa ekupheleni kohambo siye sagqiba ngamxhelo mnye
ukuba eli yayingeloxesha lokuba siyeke. Bush kunye neo-cons babe
phaya phandle sisakha ubukhosi. Uxolo bekufuneka lube lukhulu kunoko
ukungabikho kokudubula okwethutyana.
We
kungekudala zeza nezilogeni ezitsha ezazihambelana kakhulu nezangoku
phakathi kwexesha leemfazwe. "Liliphi ixabiso le-oyile yezoqoqosho?" wayengomnye,
kwaye, xa i-WMD inkohliso yavezwa ekugqibeleni, "Litshise ixoki."
Ezinye zeempawu ezithi “Honk for Peace” zathatyathelw’ indawo zizo
"Honk to Impeach." Ngelo xesha, kwakukho abantu abadala
eyayibonakala ifanelekile, njengokuthi “Stop Mad Cowboy Disease.”
Kunjalo,
amanani ethu aqhubeka encipha. NgoAgasti kwakukho ishumi elinesibini kuphela
yethu. UMark noDorothy bebesiza phantse rhoqo ngeeCawe, kodwa
ngenye imini uDorothy wophuka iqatha. Emva koko uMark wagula kwaye wayengekho
iiveki ezininzi. UVern Krohn, oneminyaka engama-87 ubudala owezayo
yakhe enkulu ye-Honk-for-Peace "i-contraption," yayihlala ilahlekile,
mhlawumbi ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo.
yethu
ukubhitya iirenki nazo zabonakala zibonisa imeko yokulwa imfazwe
intshukumo ngokubanzi. Kwakungekho nto ingako yenzekayo ngeli xesha,
ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla ka-2003. Isikhumbuzo sesibini sethu
umboniso weeveki ngeeveki wawungoSeptemba yaye sasiwugqala njengobalulekileyo
ukuba umsebenzi wethu uthathe ixesha elide. NgeCawa ekupheleni kukaOktobha
kwafika imeko esasiyoyika—sibathathu kuphela
Uzile.
M
ngeli xesha,
Imfazwe yokudubula e-Iraq yayifudumala kwakhona, imfazwe ye-guerilla le
ixesha. Indibano enkulu yayibanjelwe eSan Francisco ngoMgqibelo, Okthobha
abangama-25 yaye kweza abantu abamalunga ne-10,000 XNUMX—elingelikhulu xa lithelekiswa nelo
ngamakhulu amawaka abebezimase iindibano
NgoJanuwari noFebruwari, kodwa sinokubona ukuba intshukumo yokulwa nemfazwe
ebesaphila.
The
kwiveki elandelayo kweza abantu abathandathu kweli chibi—ngaphantsi kwelo
besinethemba, kodwa sihambe ngoxolo. “Thina
kufuneka lihlale livutha amadangatye,” saxelelana. Kodwa zonke
ekwindla nasebusika bekukho iiCawe ezininzi xa bezikhona
ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha seshumi elinesibini kuthi. Nangona kunjalo, kwakungeyonto yonke imnyama kwaye
intshabalalo. Umqondiso okhuthazayo yayikukuvuma kwethu ngehlombe
iqhubekile nokufumana kubaqhubi beemoto nabahambi ngeenyawo ecaleni kwechibi.
"Impendulo isekho," utshilo omnye weqela lethu,
"Sithi ababonakala belahlekile kulo mboniso."
Ekugqibeleni
UMark wachacha kwisigulo sakhe waza wabuyela kuthi. Kwiqela elincinane
njengale, umntu ngamnye wenza umahluko omkhulu kunye nokuvela kwakhona kukaMarko
yaba negalelo ekukhuleni kwesimilo. Nangona kunjalo, uDorothy akazange abuye. Vern
UKrohn waya kuhlala nonyana wakhe phezulu eLake County kwaye kungekudala
emva koko safumana ingxelo yokuba ufile. Samkhumbula
ngenxa yonyamezelo lwakhe.
"Ndi
ucinga ukuba ubomi bukaVern kufuneka bube ngumzekelo wethu sonke,”
watsho uKen Knudsen. “UVern wayesoloko elapho ngokuchasene nemfazwe,
nokuba umdala kangakanani na. Ndandisoloko ndimangaliswa kukuba wayenokusinda
ejikeleza ichibi. Ekugqibeleni wayesoloko ediniwe.”
Jeff
wamkhumbula ngamabali akhe. Wayedla ngokuthetha nam ngaloo nto
ilizwi elirhabaxa kwaye undixelele ngamava akhe. Wayesazi okuninzi malunga
imbali endandiqhelene nje engacacanga. Ukudakumba
nezinto ngaphambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I.”
bona
UKrohn wayechithe ubomi bakhe kwintshukumo yezopolitiko kwaye yile ndlela
samkhumbula. UBarbara wakushwankathela oku: “Sikelela intliziyo yakhe.
Uxolo ukumbona ehamba, kodwa uyazi, yindlela endiya kufuna ngayo
ukuya—umtsha ntliziyo kude kube sekupheleni, phaya phandle nemiqondiso yam
neebhanile.”
A
ukwindla
I-2004 ibone isikhumbuzo sesithathu sohambo kwaye singene kakuhle
unyaka wethu wesine ngoku. Izizukulwana ezininzi zamadada namarhanisi ziye
ukhule nathi. Nathi sikhule, kubuhlobo esinabo
yenziwe, ukusuka kwiziganeko esiye sazifumana kunye, kwaye ukusuka
unxibelelwano lwethu nabaqhubi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo ecaleni kwechibi.
bob
UMiller uza ngesitulo sakhe esinamavili, ephethe iflegi enkulu yase-US ethungwa ngesandla
kunye neenkwenkwezi ezilungiselelwe ngendlela yophawu loxolo. Pat Maginnis
uyaqhubeka nokusasaza iikhathuni zakhe ngendlela yamaphetshana. UCatherine
UJones umphathela iipowusta, ezinye zazo ziboniswa kwiigalari
yobugcisa boqhanqalazo.
A
bambalwa abantu abezayo phantse veki nganye; abaninzi bethu beza kube kanye
Esidaleni. Iqela lethu libonakala likhula ukuya malunga ne-15
ixesha langoku. Ngelixa iindibano ezinkulu, ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kumawaka ambalwa
ukuya kutsho kumakhulu amawaka, ibe ngawona abalulekileyo
iziganeko zentshukumo echasene nemfazwe, izinto ezinjalo azinakwenziwa yonke into
iveki. Ngokwahlukileyo, olu hambo loxolo lweLake Merritt sisitshixo esisezantsi, sexesha elide
umsebenzi oye waba yinxalenye yembonakalo yendawo
amadada namarhanisi. Ngegcuntswana labathathi-nxaxheba, i-LMNOP iyanceda
ukugcina intshukumo yokulwa imfazwe ibonakala apha e-Oakland. Nangona thina
ukufumana ingxelo encinci kakhulu kumajelo eendaba, sikwimeko yokwenyani yethu
eyakho imidiya, ifikelela ngqo kubantu abasingqongileyo. Siyakholwa
ukuba umsebenzi wethu unceda ekumiseleni umoya wezopolitiko ekuhlaleni.
UBush's
Uloyiso lonyulo luka-2004, uninzi lwethu olukrokrela ukuba lwalubiwe
ukuphoxeka. Kodwa amanani ethu anyukile ukusukela kolonyulo
kunye nempendulo echulumancisayo ebesifumana kuyo
abaqhubi beemoto nabahambi ngeenyawo. Njengoko uMark Boynton esitsho, “Kunjalo
izakuba yiminyaka emine yokuhambahamba echibini.”
UDaniel Borgstrom
iyasebenza kwi-LMNOP. Iifoto ezivela kwi-www. lmno4p.org.