S
ukukhohlisa
meatpackers e Jefferson, Wisconsin babe umnwe yabo collective
kwidyke. Uqhankqalazo lwabo kunye nokwala iitoppings zepizza ezenziwe nguTyson
phantse yonke into emi phakathi kwamawaka abasebenzi kwi
Ishishini lenyama yenkomo neyehagu kunye nokuthotywa okukhulu kwemivuzo kunye nezibonelelo
indululwe sisigebenga sokwenza inyama iTyson Foods. Yinto engaqhelekanga
iqhinga, ukwala inxalenye yemveliso ebonwa ngabathengi abaninzi
isivumelwano sephakheji, kodwa 470 pepperoni-abenzi bathi umqeshi wabo
Iimfuno ezimanyumnyezi zibaqhubele ekubeni bathi, โBamba ipepileoni.โ
Yaziwa
iminyaka emininzi njengeyona nkampani inkulu yokulungisa iinkukhu kwi
ihlabathi, ubuncinci ngokuphindwe kathathu kunoyena mntu ukhuphisana naye usondeleyo,
I-Tyson Foods ese-Arkansas esekwe e-Arkansas ithathe ngaphezulu kwe-20 yenkomo kunye nenyama yehagu
izityalo ngo-2001 xa wathenga IBP Fresh Meats, ngaphambili Iowa
Imveliso yenkomo. UTyson ngoku ungumnini malunga nekota yonke
Ishishini lokulungisa inyama lase-US, kunye neentengiso ezixeliweyo ze-23 yeebhiliyoni zeedola
kunyaka ophelileyo-phantse i-2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kuloo ngeniso. IJefferson
isityalo simpompa i-65 yezigidi zeeponti ze-pepperoni ngonyaka, malunga ne-40
ukuba 50 ekhulwini Tyson's pepperoni. Abasebenzi baseTyson eJefferson
ukwenza iitoppings zePizza Hut kunye neKraft Foods, ibonelela malunga
55 ekhulwini Kraft kaThixo pepperoni for DiGiorno, Tombstone, yaye
Iipitsa zikaJack.
Kunjalo
ngayo yonke inzuzo yayo, amanqaku umongameli wasekhaya we-538 uMike Rice,
โIntanda-bulumko yoshishinoโ kaTyson yathetha ngokulula
izikali ngokuchasene nabasebenzi. Xa uthethwano lwekhontrakthi lwaqala kwi
Isityalo saseJefferson ngentwasahlobo ka-2002, uTyson wacebisa ngoko nangoko
Ukunciphisa okutshabalalisayo kuyo yonke imimandla yekhontrakthi yomanyano,
isoyikisa iimeko ezimbi kwisityalo saseJefferson ukuya kwinqanaba
yezityalo zenkukhu zikaTyson kuMazantsi eNzulu.
Tyson
abo bathethathethana bafuna imivuzo ephantsi, iiholide ezimbalwa, nokugula kancinci
shiya ingqesho entsha; kubasebenzi bangoku-a umvuzo freeze nge
iibhonasi zexesha elinye endaweni yokunyuswa kwemivuzo-ukuphela kwepenshini
igalelo elixhasa isicwangciso esitsha sotyalo-mali lomntu siqu se-401k (esibonisa
Tyson stock kunjalo), kunye nexesha elincinci leholide kubasebenzi. Indawo
I-538 ifake intlawulo yokuSebenzisa ngokuNgenelanga kwiSizwe
Ibhodi yezoBudlelwane bezaBasebenzi, ityhola ukuba inkampani ayikaxoxisani
โukholo oluhle,โ ukwaphulwa koMthetho kaWagner wowe-1935.
inkampani
abaxoxisi bagxininisa ukuba umnikelo wabo ulungile kuba uya kuzisa
umzi-mveliso waseJefferson ngokuhambelana neminye imisebenzi yabo. Ngaphandle koko,
bathi, uninzi lotshintsho aluyi kuchaphazela โiqela langoku
amalungu.โ
โSiye
amalungu eqela de kufike imbuyekezo,โ utshilo uRice ngokuphoxayo.
Kwicala leelori zabo, inkampani ibhale, 'Tyson
lufanele usapho lwakho.' Kodwa iintsapho zethu azikwenzi oko
ikufanele oku.โ
Ngubani
Ikufanele oku?
T
he
abasebenzi ekugqibeleni bavotela 400 ukuba 9 uqhankqalazo kwaye xa ikhontrakthi yokugqibela
Ulwandiso luphelelwe emini nge-28 kaFebruwari, abasebenzi ngaphakathi kwiplanti
bavuthela impempe zabo kangangoko babenako baza bamatsha ukuya kujoyina
umgca wepicket ngaphandle. Phantse wonke umntu okhoyo
Amalungu angama-7,300 asekuhlaleni achaphazeleke ngendlela enye okanye enye
Ingxaki yabasebenzi baseTyson abangama-470. Abahlaseli banovelwano olubanzi
eJefferson. Ezinye iigrosari kwindawo yaseJefferson ziyekile
ukuthwala iimveliso zeTyson ngokubambisana kunye nesikhululo segesi esikufutshane
ibishiya izindlu zayo zangasese zingatshixwanga iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ukwenzela abachongi
phambi kwesityalo saseTyson. โUmntu ufika yonke imihla kwaye
ushiya imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula ikofu kwabo baqhankqalazayo,โ omnye
Umsebenzi wesikhululo uxelele oonondaba.
amalungu
yezinye iimanyano zabasebenzi bajoyine abaqhankqalazi kumgca wokupiketha. Abadlula ngendlela
rhoqo ukubhonga ukuxhasa iqaqobana labasebenzi abahambahambayo
umgca wepiki. Abahlaseli bathumele "Iiqela leNyaniso" ngaphesheya
ilizwe, kuquka ukuya International Pizza Expo e Las Vegas
ngoMatshi 25, ukwazisa nabaqhubi pizza parlour, kunye nabathengi, ka
Iintshukumo zikaTyson ngokuchasene nabasebenzi baseJefferson.
inyaniso
Amaqela afumene ukuba uluntu luwuphendule umyalezo wabo,
noko bade bafikelela kubo. Kodwa kwilizwe lonke, i-pizza embalwa
abathandi bayazi malunga nogwayimbo, kuncinci kakhulu izizathu zalo, mhlawumbi
ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba umyalezo unzima ukugqithiswa kunoninzi olulula
Ukwayikisa i-sloganeering, njengokuthi "iBoycott Taco Bell."
So
kutheni ungayeki zonke iimveliso zikaTyson okanye abathengi bakaTyson? Kuba
into enye, uchaza uJill Cashen ovela kwikomkhulu le-UFCW, uTyson
inkampani enkulu, eqeshe abantu abangama-120,000 kwizityalo ezingama-300 zokupakisha inyama
e-US nakwamanye amazwe, uninzi lwabo amalungu UFCW. Kuba
enye, i-"bamba- i-pepperoni" iqhinga ligxile
uhlaselo kwingeniso eqhelekileyo eyenziwa kubasebenzi abachaphazelekayo kunye nayo
Ibonakala isebenza ngakumbi kunendlela yokuchithachitha.
Ngaphezu koko,
umthetho wangoku wase-US wabasebenzi uyakwalela ukwayikiswa okwesibini, oko kukuthi, ukujolisa
abathengi bomqeshi kumba. Kodwa inqaku leqhinga
kukunciphisa ukuthengiswa kwe-pepperoni eyenziwe nguTyson, hayi ukusika
ukusetyenziswa kwepizza. Indlela yepizza yasimahla kaTyson inokuchaphazela ipitsa
undoqo weenkampani kwaye abaqhankqalazi banethemba lokuba izikhalazo zabo
iya kuthoba umbhobho wepepperoni ukuya eTyson. Kodwa injongo ephambili
kukulimaza ukuthengiswa kwe-pepperoni kaTyson ngexesha logwayimbo-kunye
bhenca โintanda-bulumko yoshishinoโ kaTyson.
Corporate
ifilosofi
I
n
ngezinye iindlela ingxabano kukungqubana kwezithethe. Inkukhu processing
ayiyomanyano kwaye uTyson ebelungiselela iinkukhu
ngaphezu kwe-100 leminyaka, ubukhulu becala eMzantsi. Ukulungiswa kwenyama ebomvu, kwi
kwelinye icala, imanyene kakhulu. Isityalo saseJefferson senziwe ipepperoni,
bologna, kunye nesoseji iminyaka eyi-125 ngaphambi kokuba uTyson athenge ngaphezulu
Ngama-20 amaziko okwenziwa kwenyama yenkomo kwi-IBP ngo-2001, kuquka neJefferson
isityalo. URice uthi uxoxisane ngeekhontrakthi eJefferson nabahlanu
abaqeshi ezahlukeneyo kule minyaka ngaphandle kweyure enye yokulahleka
umsebenzi ngenxa yayo nayiphi na ingxabano yabasebenzi. Kodwa inkukhu kaTyson ityalwa kuyo
UMzantsi uhlawula kancinci, unikezela ngezibonelelo eziphantsi, kwaye usebenza phantsi kobunzima
iimeko kunokuba abasebenzi baseJefferson bajongene nazo ngaphambili.
Inkukhu
ukusetyenzwa ngokubanzi kudume kakubi ngeemeko ezinobungozi, eziphantsi
umvuzoโngamanye amaxesha ungaphantsi kowona mncinci umiselweyo usemthethweni ngaphandle kwentlawulo eyongezelelekileyo
ixesha elongezelelekileyo-kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabasebenzi abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala okanye abangabhalwanga phantsi. Kwi
NgoJanuwari 2001, iSebe lezeMisebenzi laseMelika labika ukuba akukho namnye
iiplanti zokulungisa inkukhu eziphononongiweyo ziyahambelana
uMthetho weMigangatho yoMsebenzi oLungileyo, iMfuduko kunye neZolimo zamaxesha athile
UMthetho woKhuseleko lwaBasebenzi, kunye noMthetho weKhefu loSapho kunye noNyango. Tyson
iphandwe ngokunyhashwa kwemivuzo neyure kwakunye nokwenza iyelenqe
ukungenisa abasebenzi abangenazo iimpepha mvume kunye nokubanika โluhlaza
amakhadi.โ Abasebenzi baseTyson ngokwembali banengeniso ephezulu
Amaxabiso, umlinganiselo wama-73 ekhulwini ngaphezu kwezityalo ezingama-84 kumazwe angama-21 ngowe-1998.
Uninzi lwabasebenzi baseTyson bafumana i-$7 ukuya kwi-8 yeedola ngeyure, okanye i-$14,000 ukuya kwi-16,000 yeedola.
unyaka.
hayi
ukuba izityalo zenkukhu zikaTyson azilwi. Ngo-1999,
phezu 250 abasebenzi processing yenkukhu e Corydon, Indiana wambetha
Tyson isityalo apho emva kokuba uTyson ethenge isityalo kwi-Hudson Corporation
kwaye yafuna iminyinyiva emikhulu kuquka nokupheliswa kwekhefu elihlawulelwayo
ixesha, ukucuthwa komvuzo wexesha elongezelelekileyo, kunye nekhefu lokufelwa. UTyson naye wacaphuka
kwenye imfuno yemanyano ebonakala ngathi yeyoluntu: abasebenzi bafuna
ilungelo lokulahla inyama esulelekileyo okanye enesifo. Ukulandela
izithende zesizwe esikhulu sokukhumbula inyama ngenxa ye-salmonella
kunye nokuqhambuka kwelisteria, imfuno yomanyano yadibana noluntu
-kodwa hayi ngolawulo lukaTyson.
Ukubetha
eTyson, nangona kunjalo, baye bambalwa. Amazwe amaninzi aseMazantsi โanelungelo lokusebenzaโ
imithetho eyenza buthathaka iimanyano kunye nezinga eliphezulu lentlupheko elongeza kuxinzelelo
uvakalelwe ngabasebenzi bakaTyson ukuba bamkele kancinci. UTyson unegama lokuba
ubundlavini kunye nobukhulu bayo ngokuqinisekileyo kunceda.
Yinyani,
UTyson ubenengeniso encinci ukusukela oko wathatha i-IBP
idabi elisemthethweni eliphikisanayo. Kubonakala ngathi i-IBP ayiphumelelanga ngokufanelekileyo
ingxelo yengeniso kwaye uTyson wazama ukurhoxa kwisivumelwano, kodwa
Iinkundla zagweba ukuba "ukudibanisa" kufuneka kuqhubeke. I-Rice ibiza oku
isigqibo, "olona suku lulusizi ebomini bam." Kwikota yokuqala
of 2003 Tyson ingxelo kuphela $39 yezigidi ngenzuzo kunye $72 million
kwinzuzo kwikota yesibini, ebandakanya i-65 yezigidi zeedola
Ukulungiswa kwesuti yayo yokubeka amaxabiso ngokuchasene nabenzi beevithamini
esetyenziswa ekutyeni kwezilwanyana. Ngaphandle kokuhlaliswa, zombini iikota zimele
yehla kwingeniso ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.
Kodwa,
njengoko ummeli waseMelika uTammy Baldwin (D-Madison) exelele abahlaseli,
"Inyani yile, isityalo sakho senze imali." Ileta kaBaldwin
yavuma โamaxesha anzima ezoqoqosho,โ kodwa yaphawula, โukuba
ayithethi ukuba amadoda nabafazi abasebenzayo mabashiywe besebenza
ngomthwalo woqoqosho olucothayo kuphela.โ
Isiphelo esiNcinci
we Wedge
T
yson
abaqeshwa kwezinye izityalo banoloyiko lokuba bangalandelayo. Ikhontrakthi
kwiplanti yaseJefferson yeyokuqala apho ukusukela oko uTyson wathengayo
I-IBP kwaye isenokuthi imisele indlela yothethathethwano kwezinye iindawo.
Ukuba inkampani iyaphumelela ekwaphuleni ugwayimbo eJefferson, i
abasebenzi bathi, kunokubakho isiphumo esibuhlungu kulo lonke
ilizwe elichaphazela amawaka abasebenzi kunye noluntu lwabo.
Kwelinye icala, ukuba abasebenzi banako ukubetha umva wenkampani
iinzame zokudodobalisa umgangatho wabo wokuphila, banokubeka i
Imanyano ikwindawo eyomeleleyo yothethathethwano lwekhontrakthi elandelayo.
The
kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala kwinto ethembisa ukuba idabi elide, ngenxa yokuba
imiqobo, sele inzima. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbini ngaphambi kokuhamba,
UGary Gilbertson, umongameli weNgingqi 538, wafa ngequbuliso a
isifo sentliziyo emva kweenyanga ezisibhozo zokuthethathethana noTyson Foods.
UTyson uqeshe abaqhankqalazi ukugcina isityalo saseJefferson siqhubeka
kwaye abaphathi bagrogrise ngokuthatha indawo esisigxina (oko kukuthi, โumliloโ)
abahlaseli. Intlawulo yogwayimbo yi-$100 kuphela ngeveki kwaye uninzi lwabasebenzi
amaqabane kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba athathe imisebenzi yesibini ukuze ahlawule amatyala. Kodwa
abahlaseli nabaxhasi babo bahlala bedelile.
Hayi
amalungu emanyano angekaweli umgca wokupiketha. NgoMeyi, i-UFCW
wathumela iibhulethi ezisisiqingatha sesigidi ebuza abasebenzi abathanda ipizza
kwilizwe jikelele ukuba bathi, "Yenza iTyson yam ikhululeke." Sele
Umlo wabo usenokuba nemiphumo, utsho uRice. Imithombo engaphakathi kwi
plant uxelele umanyano ukuba imveliso yehle ukuya phantse 15 ekhulwini
yesiqhelo. Kubekho imbuyekezo enkulu phakathi kwabaqhankqalazi.
kunye nabaqhankqalazi kutsha nje babambe uqhanqalazo ngaphandle kwe-arhente yethutyana enikezelayo
ukhoko. Abasebenzi babonakala beqonda kakuhle ukuba umlo wabo zombini
onzima kunye nobaluleke ngaphezu kwabo. Irayisi
uhlala enethemba lokuba ugwayimbo kunye nokukwaya kuya kufumana inkxaso phakathi
abathandi bepizza kwilizwe lonke, kodwa usayibiza ngokuba nguDavide noGoliyati
idabi.
Ricky
U-Baldwin ungumbhali, umlweli-mkhosi kunye nomququzeleli ogxile kubasebenzi, ubuhlanga,
kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle wase-US. Amanqaku akhe avele kwi-Z
Imagazini, amaNqaku abaSebenzi, ezongezelelweyo!
nakwezinye iindawo.