Khawufane ucinge ukuba iqumrhu kufuneka lithethelele ubukho balo ngaphaya kokwenza imali kongxowankulu. Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uxwebhu lwemali yentlalo, kunye nelezemali, kufuneka lufakwe rhoqo ngonyaka kwaye iinkampani ezihlala zikwimeko yentsilelo ekugqibeleni ziya kuthi shwaka?
Khawucinge ngeBarrick Gold. Ngaba ihlabathi beliya kuba ngcono ukuba oyena mgodi mkhulu wegolide ehlabathini ebenokungabikho? Khetha ilizwekazi kwaye uya kufumana umgodi oqhutywa yiBarrick oyonakalisa indalo esingqongileyo kwaye ukhuthaze ukungavisisani ekuhlaleni. Ababebekhona kwindibano yakutshanje yabaninizabelo bale nkampani eToronto ngabasetyhini ababini basePapua New Guinea abathi badlwengulwa ngoonogada bakwaBarrick. Amakhulu ambalwa amanina aye axhatshazwa ngokwesondo ngabasebenzi benkampani kufutshane nomgodi wabo wasePorgera kwilizwe laseOceanian. Ngelixa inkampani ibonelele ngembuyekezo eqhelekileyo kumaxhoba oxhatshazo ngokwesondo, ngo-2011 umseki weBarrick uPeter Munk uwuchithile lo mba. Globe kunye ne-Mail udliwano-ndlebe, besithi โukudlwengulwa kweqela ngumkhwaโ ePapua New Guinea.
Kwiiveki ezintathu phambi kokuba abanini-zabelo badibane nomgodi weBarrick's Veladero eArgentina wachitha isisombululo secyanide kwimilambo embalwa kwiphondo lasentshona leSan Juan. Le ibiyeyesithathu ukuchitheka okukhulu kwecyanide kulo mgodi kwiinyanga ezili-18. Inkundla yase-Argentina ihlawulise u-Barrick US$9.3-million ngokuchitha iilitha ezisisigidi zecyanide kwimilambo emihlanu ngoSeptemba 2015 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iwise izohlwayo ezongezelelweyo nezithintelo ekusebenzeni kwayo ngenxa yokusilela kwayo ukugqiba uphuculo olugunyazisiweyo obelunokuthintela ukuchitheka kwesithathu. Abantu abangama-270,000 batyikitye isicelo sokuba umongameli waseArgentina avale umgodi weVeladero.
Kwi-2014, ingxelo ye Umakhi-mkhanyo weSizwe, uBarrick wagxotha injineli ephezulu ekutyholwa ngokuba iphakamise "iinkxalabo ezinzulu zokhuseleko" malunga nomgodi waseVeladero. URaman Autar kamva wamangalela uBarrick kwinkundla yaseKhanada ngokugxothwa ngokungafanelekanga. Akwaziwa ukuba isilumkiso sika-Autar besinokuthintele ukuchitheka kwecyanide, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba inkampani iphindaphindekile ukungahoyi inkxalabo yokusingqongileyo kwaye ijolise kwabo bazama ukunqanda ukonakala kwendalo. Ngo-2009 owayesakuba ngumphathiswa wendalo wase-Argentina u-Romina Picolotti uxelele intlanganiso yekomiti yemicimbi yangaphandle ukuba ixoxe nge-bill C300, eyayiza kunciphisa inkxaso ye-Ottawa kubaphuli-mthetho ababi kakhulu bangaphandle, ukuba abasebenzi bakhe "babesongelwa ngokwasemzimbeni" emva kokulandela inkxalabo yokusingqongileyo malunga neBarrick. โAbantwana bam babesongelwa. Iiofisi zam zazichwethezwe ngocingo. Abasebenzi bam bathengwa kwaye amagosa karhulumente awayekhe andilawulela iBarrick aba ngabasebenzi abahlawulwayo beBarrick Gold.โ
Kwelinye icala lehlabathi inkampani yaseToronto icinezela urhulumente waseTanzania ukuba alahle iinzame zokunyusa izibonelelo zoqoqosho lwasekhaya kwimithombo yayo yendalo. Inkampani ephantsi kweBarrick, iAcacia Mining, isoyikisa ngokurhoxa kwilizwe laseMpuma Afrika ukuba urhulumente akawurhoxisi umgaqo wokumisa ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ekrwada engalungiswanga. ITanzania ifuna iinkampani zangaphandle ukuba zakhe ezinye izinyibilikisi zegolide kweli lizwe. Ngokuvala imisebenzi yakhe i-Barrick inethemba lokuba ilahleko yexeshana elifutshane kwingqesho iya kucinezela urhulumente ukuba arhoxe kwiinzame zakhe zokunyusa izabelo zelizwe kwimithombo yayo yendalo.
Kunyaka ophelileyo inkundla yaseTanzania yawisa isigwebo sokuba iBarrick iququzelele โinkqubo entsonkothileyo yokuphepha irhafuโ kwilizwe elikwiMpuma Afrika. Njengoko imisebenzi yayo yaseTanzania yazisa ngaphezulu kwe-US $400-yezigidi zenzuzo kubanini-zabelo phakathi kuka-2010 no-2013, inkampani yaseToronto ayizange ikwazi ukuhlawula nayiphi na irhafu yenkampani, ikhupha ilizwe kwi-41.25 yezigidi zeedola. Kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo Iintatheli zaseCanada ze-Free Expression zapapasha ingxelo egxeka โintshutshisoโฆiintatheli zaseTanzania zijongeneโฆ ngokunika ingxelo ngemigodi eqhutywa yi-Acacia Mining.โ Enye intatheli ibaleke kweli lizwe emva kokugrogriswa ngabantu ekuvakala ukuba bebenxulumana nale nkampani yaze enye yafumana isaziso kurhulumente sokuba iyeke ukuxela ngeAcacia.
Ukusukela ngo-2006 ezokhuseleko kunye namapolisa ahlawulwe nguBarrick abulale abantu abangama-65, okanye kufutshane, kwinkampani yaseToronto iNorth Mara eTanzania. Uninzi lwamaxhoba yayingabahlali abangathathi ntweni ababekrwempa amatye bekhangela amasuntswana egolide kwaye abomba le mimandla phambi kokufika kuka Barrick. Ngaphakathi eCanada iBarrick libutho lasekunene lezopolitiko. Ifumana uncedo lwemali yoncedo lwaseKhanada, inkxaso-mali yoPhuhliso lwaseKhanada kunye nenkxaso yezozakuzo, inkampani iye yachasa ngamandla amanyathelo okubamba inkxaso yezozakuzo neyemali kwiinkampani zaseKhanada ezifunyaniswe zinoxanduva lokuxhatshazwa okubalulekileyo kumazwe aphesheya. I-Barrick yinxalenye yamaqela eempembelelo zemimandla iKhansile yaseKhanada yaseMelika kunye neKhansile yaseKhanada ngeAfrika, kunye nokumelwa kwiNdlu yeeNgwevu yeBhunga laMazwe ngaMazwe laseKhanada kunye nebhodi ye-C.D. Howe Institute. Inkampani ixhase amaqela ahlukeneyo aphiko lasekunene kunye nemisitho.
Umseki kunye nexesha elide i-CEO ye-Barrick uPeter Munk unikeze ubuncinane i-60 yezigidi zeedola (ufumana iikhredithi zerhafu ngeminikelo) kwiitanki zokucinga zasekunene ezifana neFraser Institute kunye neFrontier Centre yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu kunye neMunk Debates kunye neYunivesithi yaseToronto. Isikolo seMunk seMicimbi yeHlabathi. Ngo-2010 iFraser Institute yanika uMunk elona bhaso libalaseleyo โngokuqaphela ukuzinikela kwakhe okungagungqiyo kwiimarike ezikhululekileyo nezivulelekileyo kwihlabathi jikelele.โ Ukuba bekufuneka ithethelele ubukho bayo ngaphaya kokwenzela imali ongxowankulu iBarrick, evelisa ubukhulu becala iminerali enexabiso elilinganiselweyo lentlalontle, ngekuphelile ukubakho kwaye ihlabathi beliya kuba ngcono.