Emva kokuba uCarlos Menem ephumile kwivoti, uNestor Kirchner owayesakuba yirhuluneli yephondo lasePatagonian uya kuthatha i-25th kaMeyi njengomongameli omtsha waseArgentina. U-Kirchner, owayefumene i-22% kuphela yevoti kwinqanaba lokuqala, akanyanzelekanga ukuba abe 'ngumongameli obuthathaka' : ngokwezo zonke ii-polls, wayeya kufumana phakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-78% yevoti kwi-ballotage. Iziphumo zolonyulo zatyhafisa uninzi lwamatsha ntliziyo eentshukumo zentlalo ezinamandla zaseArgentina, abaziva ngathi uluntu luvotele 'i-s***'(uKirchner, njengoMenem kunye nomongameli wethutyana uDuhalde, naye ungoweqela lePeronist). Abanye bade bathi uluntu luphela 'lujike ngasekunene' emva kwemvukelo enkulu ye-19th-20 kaDisemba 2001. Mna ndikholelwa ukuba oku kukuchazwa kakubi kokuziphatha konyulo lwabantu: ngokombono wam ama-Argentina abonisa ukuba abanjalo. 'kwimood' yokuqhubeka, kodwa utshintsho. Ingxaki kukuba siye sanyanzelwa ukuba sikhethe 'ububi obuncinci' phantsi kwesoyikiso sokubuyiswa kwelungelo leniyoliberal, kwaye kwimeko apho kwakungekho ndlela zimbi zonyulo zikhoyo. Abanye babalandeli bam ababedimazekile kwi-Assemblies bathi: 'Bonke abagqatswa bale nkqubo bayafana, kwaye abantu bagqiba kwelokuba bavotele omnye wabo' . Kodwa oku kuyinyani kwaye akuyonyani. Kakade ke, ngokwenkcazo, akukho namnye kwabagqatswa 'benkqubo' oya kwakha uluntu olungangongxowankulu, kwaye ngaloo ndlela 'bayafana' . Nangona kunjalo, kukwayinyaniso ukuba amanyathelo ahlukeneyo anokuthi athathwe ngabaviwa abahlukeneyo anokubuchaphazela ngendlela eyahlukileyo ubomi bethu, kwaye kulo mba 'akafani' .
UMenem, umzekelo, wayebhengeza ngokuphandle amanyathelo ocinezelo oluqatha kwiintengiso zakhe zikamabonwakude. U-López Murphy umgqatswa we-neoliberal owaqanjwa ngamajelo eendaba 'kwiiveki ezimbalwa phambi konyulo ebeya kutshabalalisa okushiyekileyo kwimpilo yoluntu nemfundo, kwaye acinezele imibutho yentlalontle engenanceba. Yiyo loo nto, ngokoluvo lwam, inani labemi libonise kakhulu kumjikelo wokuqala, ukuqinisekisa ukuba aba baviwa babini abazukuphumelela kuvoto, ngaloo ndlela basishiya singenandlela yokukhetha ngaphandle kokuba 'neoliberal authoritarian' okanye 'i-authoritarian neoliberal' .
Kwakungekho themba okanye umdla kweso sigqibo, kodwa uloyiko, inqanaba eliphezulu le-'pragmatic cynicism', kunye nokuzinikela okunenkani, ubuncinane, kwiqondo elithile lenguqu. Abantu bagqiba ekubeni bavotele abaviwa bengcinezelo kunye namatsha ntliziyo kufuneka babe nombulelo ngaloo nto kwaye bavotele umviwa kuphela onike uhlaziyo olunokwenzeka (ukuba luphakathi) lwezopolitiko zase-Argentina. Kuyinyani, uNestor Kirchner usuka kwiqela lamaPeronist, kwaye 'wayengumgqatswa'kaMongameli uDuhalde. Kodwa luluphi olunye ukhetho olunqwenelekayo olwalusele?
UElisa Carrió oqhubela phambili, mhlawumbi? Abantu baqonda ngokufanelekileyo ukuba, ngenxa yokungabi nesiseko esifanelekileyo kwezopolitiko kwilizwe elininzi, wayengekakulungeli ukuqhuba inkqubo yezopolitiko ayicebisayo. Kuthekani ngomnye umgqatswa wePeronist, uAdolfo RodrÃguez Saa? Ewe, ungumntu onomdla ongalindelekanga, i-clown eneqela elingaqhelekanga labalandeli, ukutsho okona kuncinci.
Umkomanisi-trotskyst wemveli washiya? Ngaphandle kokuba nabani na usakholelwa 'kubusoshiyali kwilizwe elinye', kucace gca ukuba ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo angayenza ibe mandundu imeko yezoqoqosho kuninzi lwabemi. Kodwa, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, nokuba ibinokwenzeka, inkqubo yabo ayisiyiyo inketho enqwenelekayo kuninzi lwabantu. Kule meko, abantu bakhethe 'ukuvotela' uKirchner.
Kodwa ngaba oko kuthetha 'ukujika ukuya ekunene' xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elidlulileyo? Andicingi njalo. I-Kirchner 'bubuso obutsha' kwaye ayinazo iingxelo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye izityholo zorhwaphilizo (ikhetheke kwiPeronist). Naxa engoweqela lamaPeronist, ulwimi lwakhe nesimbo sakhe sikhangeleka sifana neso 'soosopolitiki'baphucukileyo'abaqhubela phambili kwezopolitiko ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, kwaye eyakhe yaba lelinye lamazwi achasene nemigaqo-nkqubo kaMenem ngeminyaka yee-1990s neoliberal euphoria.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokuqinisekileyo wenza inzame eyongezelelweyo yokuvakala kwephiko lasekhohlo: izithembiso zakhe zonyulo ziquka 'ukubuyela kwiriphabliki elinganayo' , kunye nokuvala ixesha le-neoliberal lembali yase-Argentina 'eyasungulwa ngumkhosi womkhosi ngo-1976'. Emva komjikelo wokuqala wonyulo wandwendwela uLula eBrazil (owamfumana ngeembeko kunye nokubonakaliswa okungaqhelekanga komdla woluntu) kwaye wathi ngokuphandle wayezingca ngexesha lakhe elidlulileyo lezopolitiko (kwi-1970s wayelilungu lePeronist yasekhohlo. umbutho wenguqu).
Kodwa okona kumangalisa ngakumbi yintetho uKirchner awayinikela ngomhla we-14 kuMeyi, emva kokuba kwaziwa ukuba uMenem uye waphuma, wamenza umongameli omtsha ngokuzenzekelayo. U-Kirchner wayigxeka le nto yayilinyathelo elisuka kwiziko loqoqosho lokumhlutha ukuba semthethweni kwezopolitiko, ukuze enze ulawulo lwakhe 'luvuleleke' ngakumbi kuxinzelelo lweshishini. Ngaloo ndlela, waqalisa uhlaselo 'kumaqela aphethe amandla ezoqoqosho' kwaye 'axhamle kumalungelo angamkelekanga kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo' 'ngokonakalisa abezopolitiko' kunye 'nokonakalisa ubomi babemi', ngelixa ebalumkisa ukuba 'akazukubanika. waphakamisa ingcamango yakhe 'yepragmatism' emva kokuba ethathe isikhundla.
Le rhetoric, ephikisana kakhulu nombhiyozo we-Menem wamashishini amakhulu, kodwa kunye nokukhonza kukaDe la Rúa kunye nobulumko bukaDuhalde, isandi esisekhohlo ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na ethethiweyo ngumongameli wase-Argentina kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo. Ayimangalisi into yokuba abatyali-zimali bamazwe ngamazwe kunye noosomashishini basekuhlaleni ingakumbi abo bagcina imali, ababexhase ngokuphandle uMenem okanye uLópez Murphy, baxhalabile ngokuphandle sesi siphumo sezopolitiko.
Okwangoku, ewe, la ngamaqamza ahlekisayo kuphela. Kuhlala kubonakala ukuba uKirchner uya kutshintsha ngokwenene imigaqo yomdlalo kuyo nayiphi na imilo okanye uhlobo: kwixesha elidlulileyo, abezopolitiko base-Argentina abazange babe neengxaki ekwenzeni ngokuthe ngqo ngokuchasene njengoko bethetha. Okwangoku, ukuqinisekiswa kukaRoberto Lavagna njengomphathiswa wezeMali kubonakala kubonisa indlela ephakathi kodwa eqinile kuqoqosho. Ngenene uLavagna ngumphathiswa wokuqala waseArgentina ukuthethathethana (ngokuchaseneyo nokuvuma i-priori) ne-IMF ukusukela phakathi koo-1980, kwaye sele ebhengeze ukuba 'imeko yentlalontle' iya kuba yeyona nto iphambili kuye, ngelixa iinkampani zezimali kuya kufuneka ukuziqhelanisa nemithetho emitsha: iirhafu eziphezulu, amaxabiso aphantsi, akusekho nkxaso-mali karhulumente ngokungafanelekanga.
Iziphumo zolonyulo zisenokungazalisekisi ulindelo olukhulu olwakhuliswa ngabanye bethu emva kwemvukelo ka-2001 (okanye ubuncinane ngendlela ephawulekayo ebesiyilindele). Intetho yaloo mvukelo yayisithi, 'Basuseni bonke!' , kwaye asikalufikeleli olo sukelo. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakuphikiswa ukuba imeko yezopolitiko yaseArgentina ngokwenene iyatshintsha. Emva kweshumi leminyaka yolawulo olungachaswanga, neoliberalism yonzakele kakhulu. Sele siyilahlile iDe la Rúa kunye noCarlos Menem, kwaye imikhosi emibini yezopolitiko eyayilawula iArgentina kwinkulungwane edluleyo isengxakini enkulu: i-UCR iphantse yanyamalala, kwaye iqela lePeronist lihleli nengxaki yalo yangaphakathi engasonjululwanga kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba yahlula ngamaqela amabini okanye amathathu.
Ikamva lisavuliwe.