Ngaba ukhe wawela kulo mntu kunye/okanye imoto yakhe? Uyindoda emhlophe esekupheleni kweminyaka engama-30 eneenwele ezinde eziphotheneyo. Uqhuba iToyota Corolla ka-1990 kwaye uhlala kufutshane nekhampasi yeyunivesithi enkulu yemetropolitan. Kukho uphawu loxolo lwelaphu olujinga kwisipili sakhe esibonisa ngasemva. Isihlalo esingasemva semoto yakhe sigcwele iikopi zeNew York Times, iSizwe, kunye noMama uJones, kunye nentaphane yeekomityi ezishwabeneyo zeStarbucks.
Unenani elikhulu ngokungaqhelekanga le-bumper stickers ngasemva kwimoto yakhe. Zifundeka ngolu hlobo: โUmvuzo Woxolo;โ โAkukho Ubulungisa, Akukho Luxolo;โ "I-Wal-Mart: Umvuzo osoloko uphantsi;" โFlush Bush;โ "Iya kuba lusuku oluhle xa i-Pentagon kufuneka ibambe iNtengiso yoBhaka ukuhlawulela enye ibhombu ye-B-52;" kunye no "Zisa imikhosi ekhaya." Emazantsi ekunene, isincamathelisi sithi โKerry-Edwards: IMelika Eyomeleleyo.โ
"Ukuxela Umsebenzi"
Ukuba ubona le ndoda, nceda umcele ukuba ahlole ingxelo yephulo likaJohn Forbes Kerry likamongameli. Kulungile ku-Kerry ukuba akhalaze ngokusilela kwamajelo eendaba ukugubungela ngokwaneleyo โubukrelekrele obuzinzileyoโ i-Downing Street Memo (bona uJefferson Morely, โIbali leMemo yeSitalato iDowning alisayi kufa,โ Washington Post, 7 Juni 2005). Kodwa umgqatswa โweqela eliphikisayoโ weDemokhrasi akazange achase ngokungqongqo uGeorge W. Bush ngokungekho mthethweni nokuziphatha okubi kunye nokuhlala e-Iraq okanye inkcubeko yomkhosi kaMesiya athe uBush waqhubela phambili kuyo. UJohn "Ukunika ingxelo ngomsebenzi" uKerry ubaleke kwibango lokuba ukufanelekele ngakumbi ukugqiba umsebenzi waseIraq. โMna,โ wabhengeza uKerry (ukuchaza rhabaxa), โndiyeyona ndoda ibhetele, echubekileyo kubukumkani. Ndikwanguye,โ wongeze watsho, โndinguye kuphela umgqatswa ongumongameli onenkonzo ngokuthe ngqo kuhlaselo lomkhosi waseMelika eVietnam.โ
"Ayiyiyo iDemocrat yoLwabiwo ngokutsha"
Uphononongo lwephulo likaKerry luya kubonisa ukuba umgqatswa weDemokhrasi uphile ngokwegama lakhe eliphakathi ngokuphepha ngobuchule imiba ecinezelayo yentlupheko kunye nokungalingani kwezoqoqosho. Ngokungqinelana nobutyebi obuninzi bukaKerry kunye nokuzala okunxulumene nobuhandiba - kucace kakhulu ukuba iveki ehlekisayo Itswele libonisa uKerry esenza intetho yephulo kubasebenzi ukusuka kumntla wesikhephe - irada yentlalo-qoqosho yephulo likaKerry ayizange ibhalise nabani na ongaphantsi kodidi oluphakathi.
Oko kufanelekile, uKerry ngewayengoyena mongameli usisityebi wase-US ukusukela komnye u-Democrat onezigidi ezininzi waseMassachusetts - uJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy. Njengoko wayexelele abaphulaphuli abazizityebi kwisiXeko saseNew York, "AndingoMdemokhrasi wokusasaza kwakhona." Xa kujongwa ifuthe elibi lokumahluko kwezentlalo noqoqosho eMelika (eyona pesenti i-1 ephezulu inabanini ongaphezulu kwama-40 epesenti yobutyebi base-United States) ekusebenzeni kwedemokhrasi, oku kwenza ukuba uKerry angakwazi ukuba nalo naluphi na uhlobo lwedemokhrasi konke konke (bona ukwenza uBush ahlawule ngokunyuka kwentlupheko yase-US,โ i-Dissident Voice [ngoSeptemba 8, 2004], ifumaneka kwi-intanethi ku-www.dissidentvoice.org/Sept04/ Street0908.htm).
Uqhagamshelo olulahlekileyo
Njengomntu obhengezwe ngokuphandle ukuba akalulo utshaba lwabo bobabini ubukhosi kunye nokungalingani, uKerry wayengafuni ngokwemvelo ukwenza unxibelelwano olusisiseko phakathi kwezo zingxaki zimbini zinkulu nezingahlukaniyo. Amakhonkco aqondwa kakuhle ngabantu abeza ne-B-52-bake-sale-sale-slogan kwiminyaka yoo-1960, xa iinkcitho zeMfazwe yaseVietnam zazikrwitsha โiMfazwe yobuhlwempuโ kumntwana wayo kwaye uMartin Luther King, Omnci. ebizwa ngokuba โbububi obuthathu obunxibeleleneโ: ukulwa, ubuhlwempu, nobuhlanga.
Ngo-2004, ngaphezu kwamashumi amabini eminyaka ngoku, ukuthula kweenkokeli zeDemocratic Party kwintlupheko kunye nobunye โububi obuthathuโ budale isithuba soluntu apho abantu baseRiphabhlikhi be-hyper-plutocratic bangxamele ukuzalisa ngokuzenza iqela โlomfana omncinane. โ
Iinyani, iiFrames, kunye neValues
Ingxaki ngephulo likaKerry yayahlukile kuleyo uGeorge Lakoff ayichazayo kwincwadi yakhe ethi Musa ukucinga ngeNdlovu: Yazi imilinganiselo yakho kunye nesakhelo sengxoxo-mpikiswano (2004), ethengiswa โnjengesikhokelo esibalulekileyo [sezopolitiko] senkqubela phambili. โ
NgokukaLakoff, iiDemokhrasi zilahlekile ngenxa yokuba azinabuchule bokuchaza eyona nto iphambili "iinqobo zemveli zaseMelika eziqhubela phambili." Ezo zithethe, ngokwengxelo kaLakoff, ziquka โubulungisa,โ โuluntu,โ โunxibelelwano oluvulekileyo,โ โubulungisa,โ โukulinganaโ (apho uLakoff ethetha โukulingana ngokwezobupolitika,โ kungekhona ukulingana kwezentlalo, ngokuphandle ngokwaneleyo), โidemokhrasi,โ kunye โnemigaqo-nkqubo esekelwe kumaxabiso angaphandle.โ
Iidemokhrasi ziyasilela, uLakoff uthi, ukusebenzisa iinqobo zabo "zenkululeko / eziqhubela phambili" ukuphuhlisa "izakhelo zemiba" ekholisayo yokuqonda kunye nokwenza izinto kwiinyani ezikhathazayo zamava aseMelika kwezentlalo nezopolitiko. Basebenza ngentelekelelo yobuxoki yexesha loKhanya yokuba ukuxela ezo nyaniso kuya kuzisa inyambalala kwinkampu yabo yonyulo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo uLakoff ukwinto ethile enoluvo lokuba iinyani kunye nemiba ifuna izakhelo. Uninzi lwabantu abaqhubela phambili lubonakala luphantsi kwenkohliso yokuba ukuba ngaba abantu bafumana elona bali lokwenyani ke baya kuza becela umngeni kumandla akhoyo. U-Lakoff uchanekile, ngaphezu koko, ukuqaphela ukuba ilizwe ngokwenyani โabalondoloziโ besizwe batyala imali yezigidi kulwakhiwo kunye nokusasaza iiparadigms ezinamandla, eziguquguqukayo zokuziphatha kwengqondo ezithatha iakhawunti (amaRiphabhlikhi amaninzi akholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo) kwiinyani ezininzi (umzekelo, ubunzima. Intlupheko yaseMelika kunye nokwenzakala okukhulu kwabantu eIraq) eziqhubela abantu abasekhohlo ukuba babe nomsindo kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba.
Uchanekile ukuqaphela ukuba iziseko ezikhululekileyo kunye nezifundiswa zichitha ixesha elingonelanga kunye nemali ekuphuhliseni ulwimi olusekwe kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni ukuchasa umbono wehlabathi wolawulo lwelungelo.
Kodwa uKerry kunye nabaphathi bakhe babengazi nto ngenkqubela yabo ekucingelwa ukuba yeyokwenene kodwa efihlakeleyo. Abazange basilele โukwazi iinqobo zabo [eziqhubekayo]. Banikwe eyabo i-elitist, i-hierarchical, i-corporatist, i-imperialism ideological framework, babevuya kakhulu ukungazihoyi iinyani ezisisiseko njengenani labemi base-Iraqi i-US ibulele okanye i-1 yesigidi sabantwana abamnyama abahlala ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sesizwe. inqanaba lentlupheko elisemthethweni elinganelanga. Ezi kunye nezinye iinyani ezoyikisayo zentlalo nezopolitiko azikhathazi uninzi lweeDemokhrasi eziphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibanyanzele ukuba bajonge indlela efanelekileyo "yokuzibumba".
I-Foil egqibeleleyo kakhulu ye-Rove et al.
Ukuba udibana nendoda ekhankanywe ngasentla eneToyota eluhlaza kunye nezincamathelisi ezinkulu, mxelele ukuba ajonge incwadi kaThomas Frank ethi Yintoni Matter ngeKansas? Indlela i-Conservatives ephumelele ngayo intliziyo yaseMelika (2004). Baye baphumelela njani abantu baseRiphabhlikhi ekuvaleni i-ajenda yabo yemfazwe, "yobukhosi bezoqoqosho" kunye "nomsebenzi wenkcubeko" (ukusebenzisa inkcazo ekrelekrele kaFrank yefomula yeRiphabhlikhi) ulwimi lwezopolitiko olupeyinta iiDemokhrasi njengabaphezulu? UFrank ngokufanelekileyo ubeka ityala elininzi kukuzimisela kweDemocratic Party's in-fact elitist yokususa imiba yezoqoqosho edumileyo "etafileni."
Olo kuzimisela kwenza kube nzima ukuvavanya ukuchaneka kwethisisi kaLakoff yokuba abantu abahlwempuzekileyo nabasebenzayo baseMelika bayaphambukiswa ekusebenzeni ngokuhambelana neemfuno zabo zoqoqosho yiRiphabhlikhi "izakhelo zemiba yokuziphatha" ekhuthaza abantu abangatyebanga ukuba bavote โngokuchasene neencwadi zabo. .โ Sazi njani ukuba iifreyimu zolawulo lwelungelo zijongela phantsi umdla wezoqoqosho wabasebenzi ekumiseleni ukhetho lonyulo (njengolu lunjalo) xa iiDemokhrasi eziphezulu zenze โukuqhubela phambiliโ kokuzimisela kokuziphatha okuthe kwathanda imali yemibutho yezopolitiko kunye nokuncoma kakuhle- ukwenza zizinto ezibaluleke ngakumbi kunokujongana nemiba yabantu abangathathi ntweni ngokuziphatha noqoqosho?
Sisihogo sefomula ebulalayo abantu baseRiphabhlikhi basebenzele bona. UFrank ushiya ezinye zezona zithako ziphambili zaloo fomula kuba uyasilela ukunikela ingqalelo eyaneleyo kuxhaphazo lwamaRiphabhlikhi kuloyiko lokhuseleko lwesizwe kunye (efihliweyo ngakumbi) iingxabano zobuhlanga. Ukwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi, abantu baseRiphabhlikhi bayaxhamla kwimpembelelo yemithombo yeendaba elawulayo, ethanda igunya elingqongqo ngaphezu kwemilinganiselo โyenkululeko/eqhubekayoโ kunye nezakhelo.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulwa ngokuchasene nesiphumo seRiphabhlikhi ye-hegemony phezu kwenkqubo yezopolitiko yaseMelika ayilula kwaye ayizibonakalisi. ENYE indlela ENGATHI UNGAXHASI kufuneka icace, nangona kunjalo: ukuveza umntu ongenathemba ongenathemba, umgqatswa oziphakamisileyo owalayo ukubandakanya iinyani ezibambekayo kunye nemiba yobulungisa bentlalontle noqoqosho. Ngokusisiseko akakwazi ukubiza abantu baseRiphabhlikhi ngobuxoki babo, "umsebenzi" wobuxoki, uKerry wasebukhosini ngokwezoqoqosho nangokwenkcubeko wayeyifoyile egqibeleleyo kakhulu kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseKarl Rove. Wayeyifanele ngokumangalisayo iGOP's Orwellian ekuzichaze kakubi ngayo njengeqela labantu abaqhelekileyo, abangengabo abantu abatyebileyo kunye ne-parody yayo enxulumene ne-Democrats njengento engaphezulu kwe-snooty, i-latte-sipping elitists.
Ayizange incede, ewe, ukuba uKerry wala ukubiza ukuba kupheliswe ukuhlala e-Iraq, umsebenzi wokubulala owachaswa uninzi lwesiseko sakhe sokuvota kunye nabathunywa bendibano. Kule miba kunye neminye, ewe, wayechazwa ngokuchanekileyo ngamaRiphabhlikhi njenge "flip-flopper" engahambelani nokuziphatha.
UJohn Kerry enyanisweni "wayenobubi obuncinci" kwinkqubo yezopolitiko kunye nemidiya yeendaba ebonelela kancinci ukuba kukho indawo yokubaleka kukamongameli ngasekhohlo. Umhlaba unokuba yindawo ekhuselekileyo necocekile ukuba eneneni "sigungxule iBush" ngoNovemba ophelileyo.
Kodwa umfundisi-ntsapho uKerry wayengenguye umtywini walo msebenzi. Wayengenandlela nje kuphela kodwa kunye nomdla wokukhupha umceli mngeni osebenzayo "oqhubekayo" kuBukhosi baseMelika kunye nokungalingani, i-Inc., enencopho awayefuna ukuyinyuka, hayi ukuyikhulula.
Ngaphandle kogqatso lomntu ngamnye, ayicacanga nakancinci into yokuba iQela leDemokhrasi liya kuphinda likhuphe inkcaso edumileyo yokuchasa ubutyebi namandla aseMelika. Isenokuba phantsi kolawulo olusisigxina kwaye ibonakale kulawulo lwenkampani-yasebukhosini, izakhiwo, kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ukuze idlale indima enentsingiselo kwixesha elizayo. Kuphela lixesha kunye nentshukumo eya kuxela. Okwangoku, abaqhubela phambili abasakwazi ukubonakala beshiya izincamathelisi zabo ze-Kerry kunye neepowusta zibonisa ukubhideka kwexabiso elibi.
Paul Street ([imeyile ikhuselwe]) ngumbhali woBukhosi kunye nokungalingani: iMelika kunye nehlabathi ukususela ngo-9/11 (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2004