Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ananye eyadlulayo, ngoFebruwari 3, 1960, owayesakuba yiNkulumbuso yaseBritani ngelo xesha, uHarold Macmillan, iConservative, wathetha nepalamente yaseMzantsi Afrika, eyayilawulwa liqela elalisakha. ubandlululo njengesiseko sikarhulumente. Wenza oko kwabizwa ngokuba "ngumoya wenguqu" intetho. Kufanelekile ukukhumbula amazwi akhe:
"Umoya wenguqu uvuthuza kweli lizwekazi, kwaye nokuba siyathanda okanye asithandi, ukukhula kwengqiqo yesizwe yinyani yezopolitiko. Sonke kufuneka sivume njengento yezopolitiko, kwaye imigaqo yethu yelizwe kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo."
Inkulumbuso yaseMzantsi Afrika, u-Hendrik Verwoerd, akazange ayixabise intetho kwaye wayikhaba indawo yayo kunye neengcebiso zayo. Unyaka we-1960 uye wabizwa ngokuba nguNyaka weAfrika, kuba amathanga ali-16 aba ngamazwe azimeleyo ngaloo nyaka. Intetho kaMacmillan eneneni yayithetha ngomba waloo mazwe akwisiqingatha esisemazantsi elizwekazi awayenamaqela abalulekileyo angabemi abaMhlophe (kunye nemithombo yezimbiwa ehlala inezimbiwa ezinkulu), ababexhathise kwaloo mbono yenkululeko yehlabathi lonke apho abantu abaNtsundu baseAfrika babenokongamela. uninzi lwabavoti.
UMacmillan wayengengomntu uqaqadekileyo. Wachaza indlela aqiqa ngayo malunga nokuphumelela abemi baseAsia nabaseAfrika kwicala laseNtshona kwiMfazwe Yomlomo. Intetho yakhe yayibalulekile kuba yayiluphawu lokuba iinkokeli zeGreat Britain (kwaye emva koko ezo zaseUnited States) zabona unobangela wokongamela unyulo lwabaMhlophe kumazantsi eAfrika njengesizathu esingenakugwetyelwa esinokuthi sirhuqe iNtshona phantsi ecaleni kwabo. Umoya waqhubeleka uvuthuza, kwaye kwilizwe emva kwelinye isininzi sama-Afrika saliphumelela ityala laso, de kwangowe-1994 uMzantsi Afrika ngokwawo woyiswa lilungelo lenkululeko yehlabathi lonke waza wonyula uNelson Mandela njengomongameli wawo. Noko ke, kulo msebenzi, umdla wezoqoqosho weGreat Britain neUnited States walondolozwa ngandlelโ ithile.
Zimbini izifundo esinokuzifumana koku. Enye kukuba imimoya yotshintsho inamandla kakhulu kwaye mhlawumbi akunakwenzeka ukumelana. Okwesibini kukuba xa imimoya ikhukulise imifuziselo yobuzwilakhe, akuqinisekanga konke konke okuya kulandela. Nje ukuba iisimboli ziwile, wonke umntu uyazigxeka. Kodwa wonke umntu ufuna ukuba iimfuno zabo zigcinwe kulwakhiwo olutsha oluvelayo.
Imvukelo yesibini yama-Arabhu eyaqala eTunisia naseYiphutha ngoku igqugqisa amazwe amaninzi, kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo ezinye iimpawu ezingakumbi zobuzwilakhe ziya kuwa okanye zivume uhlengahlengiso olukhulu lwezakhiwo zawo zangaphakathi. Kodwa ngubani oya kugcina igunya? Kwangoku eTunisia naseYiputa sibona imeko apho iinkulumbuso ezintsha ziye zaba ngabantu ababephambili kulawulo lwangaphambili. Kwaye umkhosi kula mazwe omabini ubonakala uxelela abaqhankqalazi ukuba bayeke ukuqhankqalaza. Kuwo omabini la mazwe, kukho ababuyileyo elubhacweni abathatha izikhundla kwaye bafuna ukuqhubeka, nokwandisa, amaqhina kunye namazwe akwintshona yeYurophu nakuMntla Melika awayezinzisile oorhulumente bangaphambili. Ngokuqinisekileyo, imikhosi edumileyo iyasilwa, kwaye ngoku ikwazile ukunyanzela inkulumbuso yaseTunisia ukuba irhoxe.
Embindini weNguqulelo yaseFransi, uDanton wacebisa "de laudace, encore de laudace, toujours de laaudace. " ("Ubungqongqo, ubukhalipha obungakumbi, ubukhalipha obuhlala buhleli.") Licebiso elihle mhlawumbi, kodwa uDanton wanqunyulwa intloko kungekudala emva koko. Kwaye abo bambulalayo bajika banqunyulwa intloko. Ngo-1848, kwiBicentennial, phantse wonke umntu wayexhasa iRevolution yesiFrentshi, kodwa umntu unokubuza ngokufanelekileyo ukuba uBathathu Emnye kwiNguqulelo yesiFrentshi - inkululeko, ukulingana, kunye nobuzalwana - ngokwenene sele efezekile. .
Kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo namhlanje. Umoya wotshintsho ngoku ngokwenene ehlabathini lonke. Okwangoku, undoqo lilizwe lama-Arabhu, kwaye umoya usavuthuza ngamandla apho. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, i-geopolitics yalo mmandla ayinakuze ifane. Iindawo ezingundoqo onokuthi uhlale ujonge kuzo yiSaudi Arabia nePalestina. Ukuba ubukhosi baseSaudi buba phantsi komceli mngeni onzima-kwaye kubonakala ngathi ubuncinci bunokwenzeka - akukho rhulumente kwilizwe lama-Arabhu uya kuziva ekhuselekile. Kwaye ukuba umoya wenguqu ukhokelela imikhosi emibini yezopolitiko yasePalestina ukuba idibanise izandla, kwanoSirayeli unokuziva kuyimfuneko ukuziqhelanisa nezinto ezintsha kunye nokuthatha i-akhawunti yengqondo yelizwe lasePalestina, nokuba iyayithanda okanye ayithandi - ukucacisa uHarold Macmillan.
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, i-United States kunye nentshona Yurophu benza konke okusemandleni abo ukwenza umjelo, umda, kunye nokuqondisa umoya wotshintsho. Kodwa amandla abo akasafani nakuqala. Kwaye umoya wotshintsho uvuthuza ngaphakathi kweendawo zabo zamakhaya. Injalo ke indlela yomoya. Umkhombandlela wabo kunye nomfutho wabo awutshintshi kwaye ngoko awunakuqikelelwa. Ngeli xesha umoya unamandla kakhulu. Kusenokungabi lula kakhulu ukuwenza umjelo, ukunciphisa, kunye nokuwukhomba ngokutsha.
ngu-Immanuel Wallerstein
[Ilungelo lobunikazi ngu-Immanuel Wallerstein, lisasazwe yi-Agence Global. Ngamalungelo kunye neemvume, kuquka iinguqulelo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwiindawo ezingarhwebi, kunye noqhagamshelwano: [imeyile ikhuselwe], 1.336.686.9002 okanye 1.336.286.6606. Imvume ivunyiwe yokukhuphela, ukuthumela nge-elektroniki, okanye i-imeyile kwabanye, ngaphandle kokuba isincoko sihlala sinjalo kwaye nenqaku lelungelo lokushicilela libonisiwe. Ukuqhagamshelana nombhali, bhala: [imeyile ikhuselwe].
La magqabaza, apapashwa kabini ngenyanga, enzelwe ukuba abe yimifanekiso eshukumayo ngemeko yehlabathi yanamhlanje, njengoko ibonwa ngokwembono engeyiyo imixholo ephambili ekhoyo kodwa eyexesha elide.]