UDavid Cromwell
Nini
UChris Tuppen, umphathi ophezulu weBritish Telecom, wanikwa indawo isibini
kwiminyaka eyadlulayo kwimagazini yeqela loxinzelelo oluluhlaza, wenza isicelo soshishino
kunye nentshukumo eluhlaza ukuba "balungise iiyantlukwano zabo" kunye "nomsebenzi
kunye.โ Kodwa into awayeyikhuthaza yayiluhlobo nje oluluhlaza
ubungxowankulu: izixhobo zekhaya ezonga amandla ngakumbi, umzekelo. Yakhe
ukuvuma kuqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nokubaluleka kwenzuzo ebantwini
"ukusuka kwikona yevenkile ukuya kweyona inkulu yezizwe ngezizwe" iqhelekile
indlela yoshishino enentloko engalunganga kwisiseko sendalo esingqongileyo nentlalo
iingxaki esijongene nazo namhlanje.
Engacacanga
Thetha noosomashishini malunga "nophuhliso oluzinzileyo" izifihla
Inyaniso yokuba ukunyoluka kwenkampani ekukhuleni koqoqosho kubulala abantu kwaye
iplanethi. Intengiso yeshishini-i-9.2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ichithwa e-UK minyaka le-
nokuba imilo indlela yokusasazwa kolwazi - okanye ukungasasazwa - kwi
ibala loluntu. Iinkampani ze-oyile zizenzele kwimifanekiso emihle ye
Indalo esingqongileyo nangona iyonakalisa, kwaye izigebenga zebhayoloji zenza amabango akhethekileyo
malunga nokusebenzisa iteknoloji ukondla ihlabathi ngelixa begcwalisa iipokotho zabo.
If
oosomashishini bebenyanisekile kwaphela ngokusebenza ngokubambisana ukwenzela a
ikamva lohlaza lokwenyani iyakwala ukukhula koqoqosho okungapheliyo, inzuzo
okunyanzelekileyo kunye neenkohliso ezibulalayo kuqoqosho longxowankulu behlabathi. Yi
iqhinga eliqhelekileyo kwinkcaso ye-neuter ngokuyidibanisa "kwishishini njenge
eqhelekileyo" imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nemibutho ephantsi akufuneki bawele kuyo.
In
e-UK, kukho umdlali onempembelelo kwintshukumo ebanzi yokusingqongileyo
ebizwa ngokuba yiGreen Alliance, esekwe nguTom Burke, umcebisi ngokusingqongileyo kwi
urhulumente yangaphambili (Conservative) urhulumente. Ekuqaleni kowe-1999, unobhala wezangaphandle uRobin Cook
wakhetha intlanganiso ebanjwe yiGreen Alliance ukutyhila into ethobekileyo - yenza oko kakhulu
ethobekileyo - inyathelo lokulwa ukufudumala kwehlabathi. Abaphulaphuli baquka ishishini
abameli, imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, abasebenzi bakarhulumente kunye neentatheli.
Yayiyintetho yokuqala kaCook ephambili kwimekobume yamazwe ngamazwe ukususela ngoko
ukuba nguNobhala Wezangaphandle kwiinyanga ezili-18 ngaphambili. Phantsi kwesihloko seprosaic se
"Umngeni waMandla kuShishino", uCook ubhengeze ingxowa-mali eluhlaza exabisa i-ยฃ 500,000
ukuchitha kwiiprojekthi zamandla acocekileyo kumazwe asakhasayo. Ukusuka kwimbono enye
Umceli mngeni wemozulu kaCook uza kuqalisa amandla avuselelekayo afuneka kakhulu kwaye
iiprojekthi zolondolozo kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo. Kwelinye icala, ingxowa-mali yayi
ukunikezelwa nje kwerhafu kwiinkampani zasentshona ukubanika ufikelelo olongeziweyo
kwiimarike zamandla eMzantsi.
Ngokutsho
kwiwebhusayithi yayo, i-Green Alliance "yenza ukuba ukusombulula iingxaki ezakhayo
phakathi kukarhulumente, amashishini kunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente kubunzima
imiba." Ngelixa ndicinga ukuba ezinye zezi zinokuba luncedo kancinci, eyam
imvakalelo kukuba indlela enjalo ayizisombululi iingxaki ezinzulu
uluntu olubandezelekileyo. Ndaqala ukucinga ngale nto kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo xa ndandi
utsalelwe umnxeba ligosa lopapasho le-Alliance. Wayibona ileta
yeyam kwiThe Independent ethelekisa ukucuthwa kancinci kwirhasi yegreenhouse
izinto ezikhutshwayo ekuvunyelwene ngazo phantsi kweKyoto โ i-5.2 yeepesenti kumazwe aphuhlileyo โ ngokuchaseneyo
uqikelelo olungcono lwePhaneli yoRhulumente kuTshintsho lweMozulu ye
ukunciphisa okufunekayo ukuzinzisa ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu: ubuncinane ngama-60 ekhulwini.
"Kutheni ungakayibuyiseli ifom yesicelo endakuthumelela yona ukuba ujoyine
Green Alliance?", wabuza. "Ubonakala uluhlobo lomntu esimfunayo
ebhodini." Intetho eyoyikekayo ngokwenene.
The
Ingqikelelo ecacileyo yoMdibaniso woHlaza kukuba ishishini elikhulu libalulekile
ngeenjongo ezintle-ukuba ifuna ukusebenza "ngobudlelwane" nabanye
amaqela anomdla "ukusombulula" iingxaki zentlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Bamba
loo ngcinga. Ngoku, qwalasela amaqhinga e-lobby yenkampani ukwenza buthathaka
indalo, abasebenzi kunye nokhuseleko lwezempilo ngokusebenzisa imibutho efana
Umbutho woRhwebo lweHlabathi, iBhunga loShishino lweHlabathi lokuZinzile
Uphuhliso, i-European Roundtable of Industrialists, i-Transatlantic
Ubambiswano kunye namanye amaqela aphezulu. Inqanaba lobuqili, ukukhohlisa kunye
ubuchwephesha obubandakanyekayo kuyo yonke le nto bungabonakala bubaxiwe nakwiJames Bond
imuvi. Phantsi komanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe kwezoqoqosho, oorhulumente abagobi kuphela umva
ukutsala inkunzi yamazwe ngamazwe kunye namaqumrhu kodwa babonakala benenjongo yokwaphula
emva kwabantu babo kumsebenzi weSisyphean wokuba
"ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe".
thabatha
umdla webhayoloji, umzekelo. UJohn Krebs, intloko yemigangatho emitsha yokutya
I-Arhente yase-UK, kutshanje kwiNew Scientist ithi "ingxoxo malunga
izityalo eziguqulwe ngokwemfuza zimile kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo" ngolo hlobo
sifuna igqiza elizimeleyo leenzululwazi zamazwe ngamazwe ngokufana ne-IPCC
"ukwahlula iinyani kwiipropaganda". I
"ezimeleyo" Food Standards Agency yasekwa ngurhulumente njengoko
uloyiko lokutya emva koloyiko lokutya eBritani; ngakumbi, ikhonkco phakathi
i-bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) kwiinkomo kunye nolunye uhlobo olutsha
Isifo iCreutzfeldt-Jakob (nv-CJD) ebantwini.
An
Iphaneli yamazwe ngamazwe yenzululwazi yebhayoloji igweba ngokungakhethi cala kwizityalo zeGM
kunokuvakala kumnandi kwaye kumnandi, kodwa kwakhona kukho ubuxoki obukhulu.
Oko kukuthi, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungathathi hlangothi kuloliwe ohambayo, njengoHoward Zinn
uyaqaphela. UNjingalwazi Krebs, owayesakuba yintloko yeNdalo karhulumente yeNdalo
IBhunga loPhando, alihoyi ubume bezoqoqosho kunye namandla ezopolitiko kwi
uluntu. Akukho kukhankanywa kweenkampani ezityhala itekhnoloji
emqaleni woluntu. Xa siyibeka ngokucacileyo, bubuxoki ukucinga ukuba kulungile
inzululwazi iya kwalathisa uphuhliso loluntu xa sele siphenjelelwa
ulwalathiso oluhambelana nomdla woshishino kunye nopolitiko oluphezulu
iindleko zabo bonke abanye.
Khumbula
Ukuphembelela ishishini lasemva kwi-European Union kwi-biotech
amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza โ yonke inxalenye yomfanekiso omkhulu wokulungiswa kweshishini
imithetho ukudala iYurophu deregulated, njengoko Belen Balanya kunye-nababhali ukusuka kwi
I-Amsterdam-based Corporate Europe Observatory ibonisa ngokukholisayo kutsha nje
Incwadi ethi Europe, Inc. IBrussels irhubuluza kunye nee-lobbyists zamashishini.
Ngokungathintelekiyo, kukho amaqela anikezelwe ngokukodwa ukukhulisa i-biotechnology
ishishini. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezi yi-EuropaBio, intlangano yeambrela ye
phantse bonke abadlali abaphambili abanje ngeBayer, Novartis, Monsanto Europe, Nestlรฉ,
I-Rhรดne-Poulenc, iSolvay kunye ne-Unilever. Ngokoluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe
Inkampani yobudlelwane iBurson-Marsteller, eyayinoxanduva lokuseka i
I-Global Climate Coalition edume kakubi, i-EuropaBio "inokubaluleka ngokuthe ngqo
indima kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komgaqo-nkqubo [i-EU]".
Nini
Ukuchaswa koluntu kokutya kwe-GM kwavuka ukuya kwi-fiver pitch, uBurson-Marsteller wacebisa
ishishini lokungathathi nxaxheba kwiingxoxo zoluntu. Endaweni yoko, yacebisa inkampani yePR, yona
kufuneka iyekelwe "kwabo banikwe intembeko yoluntu kule ndawo -
abezopolitiko kunye nabalawuli - ukuqinisekisa uluntu ukuba iimveliso zebhayoloji zinjalo
ikhuselekile". Ngomnye umzekelo woorhulumente abasetyenziswa njengezixhobo ngamaqumrhu
umdla. Kunokubonelela ngamathuba okwenza inzuzo kumaqumrhu
ngolungiso lwebhayoloji, kufuneka sijongane nesiseko
iimeko zezopolitiko nezoqoqosho ezigcina intlupheko yehlabathi - kuzo zombini
amazwe asaphuhlayo kunye namazwe "aphuhlileyo".
kanye
omnye omnye umzekelo woorhulumente njengezixhobo zomdla okhethekileyo. Oorhulumente baseNtshona
ukuqhubeka nokufaka iibhiliyoni zeerandi zenkxaso-mali yoluntu kumafutha efosili
ishishini ngelixa iinketho ezivuselelekayo ziphelelwa ngamandla. Okwangoku, amanqanaba olwandle kunye
ukunyuka kobushushu behlabathi ngokuyingozi, umkhenkce omhlophe uyanyibilika kunye nokuphindaphinda kunye
ubunzulu bezehlo zemozulu eziyintlekele โ izikhukula, iinkanyamba, imbalela โ
ukwanda ngokothusayo.
kwaye
ngoko apho iGreen Alliance ithandwa kakhulu "yakhayo
Ukusonjululwa kweengxaki" kuza kuyo yonke le nto? Bubuphi ubungqina obukhoyo bokuba
Iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zihlawula ngaphezu kokuthetha ngomlomo kuluvo olunjalo? Endaweni yoko,
sifuna uxinzelelo loluntu olukhulu ukwenza amashishini kunye norhulumente enze okulungileyo
into. Ngokwenene, eyona njongo iphambili kufuneka ibe kukuhambisa amandla kwindawo
uluntu, into enokuthi yenzeke kuphela ngeendleko zobukho
yeendibano ezinkulu zoshishino. USusan George ngokufanelekileyo uthi kutsha nje
incwadi ethi "Ingxelo yeLugano" ukuba "kufuneka sichase kungekhona nje yintoni
iinkampani ziyazenza, kodwa ziyiyo.โ Ngamanye amazwi, amashishini amakhulu
ngokwemvelo ayinakuphendula kwaye ichase idemokhrasi, kwaye kufuneka ibe sisiseko
ihlaziywe. Njengoko i-activist eluhlaza uSteven Gorelick uthi kwisihloko sengxelo yokugqibela
unyaka, ethetha ngongasekhoyo uEF Schumacher, "Incinci intle, inkulu
Uxhaswa".
By
zonke iindlela, masisebenze namashishini amancinci naphakathi asekelwe ekuhlaleni
ebonisa amandla ophuhliso lwendalo kunye nobulungisa bentlalo.
Kodwa amaqumrhu amakhulu kuya kufuneka alwe ngezinyo kunye nezikhonkwane ukuba kukho
iya kuba likamva elisempilweni leplanethi nakubantu. Okubuhlungu kukuba, nje ngoGreen
Umanyano nabanye abafana nabo bayasilela ukujongana neengxaki zoluntu ngokusisiseko
kwinqanaba, bayasilela ukusebenza kuphela nemibutho esezantsi enenkqubela, kwaye bayasilela
ukucela umngeni kwi-ajenda engekho sikweni yoorhulumente basentshona kunye nabakhulu
ishishini, bahlala beyinxalenye yengxaki.
kwaye
kwenzeka ntoni xa ndithumela yonke le nto kwi-Green Alliance eneenjongo ezilungileyo
igosa lopapasho? Umyalezo wam uye wabuyela emva emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 kunye nomkhweli esithi
ukuba umyalezo awuqokelelwanga ngummkeli. Buyela kumthumeli! Hayi
ukuthandabuza nje i-electronic hitch - okanye ngaba inyaniso ibuhlungu kakhulu?
david
UCromwell ngumdwebi wolwandle kunye nombhali oseSouthampton, e-UK. Eyakhe yokuqala
Incwadi ethi, "Private Planet", iya kupapashwa kulo nyaka uzayo nguJon Carpenter
(Charlbury, UK).