Iingxelo ezizama ukudala amathandabuzo malunga ne-Organic Agriculture zikhukula ngequbuliso kumajelo eendaba. Kukho izizathu ezibini zoku. Okokuqala, abantu badiniwe luhlaselo lweshishini lwetyhefu kunye nee-GMOs. Okwesibini abantu baguqukela kulimo oluphilayo kunye nokutya okuphilayo njengendlela yokuphelisa imfazwe enetyhefu echasene noMhlaba kunye nemizimba yethu. Ngexesha apho umzi-mveliso ubeka amehlo alo kwinzuzo enkulu ekufuneka ivunwe kwiimbewu ezilawulwa yimbewu ngembewu enelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kunye nembewu eyenziwe ngejini enetyhefu kunye nofuzo ukwenza izityalo zixhathise imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, abantu bafuna inkululeko yokutya ngokutya okuphilayo, okungekho mveliso. Utshintsho lokutya lolona tshintsho lukhulu kumaxesha ethu, kwaye ishishini liyaphakuzela. Ke ijikelezisa ipropoganda, ngethemba lokuba emanyathelweni kaGoebbel, ubuxoki obuxelwe izihlandlo ezilikhulu buya kuba yinyaniso. Kodwa ukutya kwahlukile. Siyiloo nto siyityayo. Sizii-barometers zethu. Iifama zethu kunye nemizimba yethu ziilebhu zethu, kwaye wonke umlimi kunye nommi ngamnye yisazinzulu esazi ngcono ukuba ukulima kakubi kunye nokutya okungalunganga kuwonakalisa njani umhlaba kunye nempilo yethu, kunye nendlela ukulima okulungileyo nokutya okulungileyo okuwuphilisa ngayo umhlaba kunye nabantu.
Umzekelo omnye weeNtsomi malunga nezoLimo lwezoShishino ngowe-8 Aug 2012 iThe Tribune nguRob Johnston, The Great Organic Myths, ezama ukuxoxa ukuba.
Ukutya kwe-organic akukho mpilweni okanye kungcono kwindalo esingqongileyo โ kwaye kugcwele izibulali-zinambuzane. Kwixesha lokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokunqongophala, oku kutya kusisisulu esingenakukwazi ukufikelela kuwo.
Eli nqaku lalipapashwe kwi-Independent kwaye lachaswa, kodwa lisetyenziswe yi-Tribune ngaphandle kokuphikisa.
Yonke ingxabano kwinqaku inobuqhetseba.
Eyona ntsomi iphambili kwezolimo lwemizi-mveliso yeyokuba ivelisa ukutya okuninzi kwaye ilondoloza umhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, okukhona ukwanda kwezolimo kwimizi-mveliso, kokukhona silamba ngakumbi. Kwaye okukhona ukwanda kwezolimo kwimizi-mveliso, kokukhona kuthatyathwa umhlaba.
Imveliso kulimo lwemizi-mveliso ijongwa โngokwesivunoโ ngehektare nganye, hayi imveliso iyonke. Kwaye ekuphela kwegalelo elithathelwe ingqalelo ngabasebenzi, abaxhaphakileyo, hayi ubutyebi bendalo obunqongopheleyo.
Inkqubo yezolimo elambileyo yobutyebi neyonakalisayo ayikongi mhlaba, ifuna umhlaba. Yiyo loo nto ezolimo kwimizi-mveliso ziqhuba ukuhluthwa komhlaba okukhulu kweplanethi. Kukhokelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi ashinyeneyo eAmazon ukuze kufumaneke isoya kunye ne-Indonesia ioli yesundu. Kwaye kuphembelela ukuhluthwa komhlaba eAfrika, kugxothwa abalusi nabalimi. Ulimo lwemizi-mveliso lunoxanduva lokukhukuliseka kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezingama-75%, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi ngama-75%, ukuthotywa komhlaba okungama-75% kunye neegesi zegesi ezigcina umhlaba ongama-40%. Ingumthwalo onzima kakhulu kwiplanethi. Kwaye njengoko ukuzibulala kwamafama angama-270,000 e-Indiya kubonisa, ngumthwalo onzima kakhulu kumafama ethu. Iityhefu kunye neetyhefu ezisetyenziswa kulimo lwemichiza zenza umthwalo wezempilo kuluntu lwethu. Khumbula uBhopal. Khumbula amaxhoba e-Endosulfan eKerala. Kwaye khumbula uloliwe weCancer wasePunjab. Ingxelo ezayo kaNavdanya ethi โPoisons in our Foodโ yintlanganisela yazo zonke izifundo ngomthwalo wezempilo wezibulali-zinambuzane ezisetyenziswa kushishino lwezolimo kodwa hayi kulimo lwendalo.
Ulimo lwemizi-mveliso yinkqubo engasebenzi kakuhle neyilahleko esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimichiza, ifutha yefosili kwaye ifuna imali eninzi. Itshabalalisa inkunzi yendalo kwelinye icala kunye nenkunzi yoluntu kwelinye, ngokugxotha iifama ezincinci kunye nokutshabalalisa impilo. Isebenzisa iiyunithi ezili-10 zamandla njengegalelo ukuvelisa iyunithi enye yamandla njengokutya. Le nkunkuma yandiswa yinto yeshumi xa izilwanyana zifakwa kwiifama zefektri kwaye zityiswa ukutya okuziinkozo, endaweni yengca kwiindawo ezikhululekileyo ze-ecological systems, uRob Johnston ubhiyozele ezi ntolongo zezilwanyana njengezisebenza kakuhle, engayinanzi into yokuba kuthatha i-7 kg yengqolowa ukuvelisa. ikhilogram enye yenkomo, 4kg yeenkozo ukuvelisa i-1 kg yehagu kunye ne-2.4 kg yeenkozo ukuvelisa i-1 kg yenkukhu. Ukuphambukiswa kokutya okuziinkozo ukondla kunegalelo elikhulu kwindlala yehlabathi. Kwaye iihektare zomthunzi zokuvelisa olu nkozo azibalwa. IYurophu isebenzisa izihlandlo ezisi-7 indawo engaphandle kweYurophu ukuvelisa ukutya kwiifama zayo zasefektri.
Iifama ezincinci zehlabathi zibonelela nge-70% yokutya, kodwa zitshatyalaliswa egameni "lezivuno" eziphantsi. I-88% yokutya ityiwa kwindawo enye okanye ilizwe elilinywa kulo. Ukurhweba kwamashishini kunye nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi yinto eyahlukileyo, kungekhona into eqhelekileyo. Yaye apho ushishino lungazitshabalalisanga iifama ezincinci kunye noqoqosho lokutya lwasekuhlaleni, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo nokutya zizisa ukutya ebantwini. Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwezolimo zigcinwa ngamafama amancinci. Njengoko ingxelo ye-ETC isitsho โabalimi bazala baze bakhulise iindidi zemfuyo ezingama-40 kunye neentlobo eziphantse zibe ngama-8000. Abalimi bakwazalanisa izityalo ezingama-5000 zasekhaya kwaye banikele ngeentlobo zezityalo ezingaphezu kwe-1.9 yezigidi kwiibhanki zehlabathi. Abalobi abasakhasayo bavuna kwaye bakhusele ngaphezu kwe-15,000 yeentlobo zamanzi acwengileyo. Umsebenzi wabalimi kunye nabelusi ukugcina ukuchuma komhlaba kuxabiseke ngokuphindwe kali-18 kunezichumisi zokwenziwa ezibonelelwa ngamaqumrhu asixhenxe amakhuluโ (ETC Group, โWho Will Feed usโ).
Xa le nkqubo yokutya okutyebileyo kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ithatyathelwโ indawo yimizi-mveliso yokulima enye, xa ukutya kuthengiswa, umphumo uba yindlala nokungondleki. Kubantu abazibhiliyoni ezisisi-6.6 abasehlabathini, ibhiliyoni e-1 ayifumani kutya kwaneleyo; enye ibhiliyoni inokufumana iikhalori ezaneleyo kodwa isondlo saneleyo, ngakumbi izondlo ezincinci. Abanye abazibhiliyoni ezisisi-1.3 abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo bathwaxwa kukungondleki ngenxa yokuba bagwetyelwa ukutya okunexabiso eliphantsi, okunekhalori etyebileyo, nokutya okungekho phantsi kwesondlo.
Isiqingatha sabemi behlabathi singamaxhoba endlala nokungabikho kokusesikweni kokutya kwindlela ephambili yokutya kule mihla. Siye saba nendlala ngaphambili, kodwa yabangelwa zizinto zangaphandle - iimfazwe kunye neentlekele zendalo. Yabekwa kwindawo kunye nexesha. Indlala yanamhlanje yeyokuhlala nehlabathi lonke. Yindlala ngokuyilwa. Oku akuthethi ukuba abo bayila iinkqubo zokutya zangoku banenjongo yokudala indlala. Ithetha ukuba ukudalwa kwendlala kwakhelwe kuyilo lweshishini lwemveliso yemizi-mveliso kunye nokusasazwa kwehlabathi kokutya.
Uthotho lweengxelo zosasazo ziye zagubungela olunye uphononongo ngo a Iqela elikhokelwa nguBravata, umlingani ophezulu kunye neZiko likaStanford loMgaqo-nkqubo wezeMpilo, kunye noCrystal Smith-Spangler, MD, MS, umqeqeshi kwiCandelo leSikolweni seCandelo lezoNyango Jikelele kunye nogqirha-umphandi kwi-VA Palo Alto Health Care System, wenza olona hlalutyo lubanzi lwemeta ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwizifundo ezikhoyo ngokuthelekisa ukutya kwe-organic kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo. Abazange bafumane ubungqina obuqinileyo bokuba ukutya okuvela kwi-organic kunezondlo okanye kuthwala iingozi ezimbalwa zempilo kunezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo, nangona ukutya okutyayo okuphilayo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwezibulali zinambuzane. "
Olu phononongo alunakubizwa ngokuba "lolona hlalutyo lwemeta lubanzi." bakhangele isifundo sabo; abaphandi bahluza amawaka amaphepha kwaye bachonge i-237 eyona ifanelekileyo ukuhlalutya. Oku sele kubhentsisile umkhethe. Olona hlalutyo lukhulu lwemeta kuKutya kunye nezolimo lwenziwe yiZizwe eziManyeneyo njengovavanyo lwamazwe ngamazwe loLwazi lwezolimo, iSayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe (IAASTD). Izazinzulu ezingama-400 kwihlabathi liphela zisebenze iminyaka emi-4 ukuhlalutya zonke iimpapasho kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kwezolimo, kwaye zagqiba kwelokuba ulimo lwemichiza kwimizi-mveliso ayisenanto yokuzikhethela, kukulinywa kwendalo kuphela. Nangona kunjalo iqela laseStanford lizibonakalisa njengolona phando lubanzi, kwaye amabango akukho ncedo lwezempilo oluvela kulimo oluphilayo, nangona bekungekho zifundo zexesha elide zeziphumo zempilo zabantu abasebenzisa ukutya kwe-organic ngokuchasene nesiqhelo; ubude bezifundo ezibandakanya izifundo zabantu bususela kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiminyaka emibini. Iintsuku ezimbini azenzi phando lwenzululwazi. Akukho mpembelelo inokulinganiswa kuphononongo lweentsuku ezi-2. Le yimfucumfucu yenzululwazi edlalwa njengenzululwazi.
Omnye umgaqo ongokutya nempilo kukuba ukutya kwethu kunempilo kanye njengokuba unjalo umhlaba okhulela kuwo. Kwaye iyasilela njengoko imihlaba isiba nokulima ngemichiza.
Ulimo lwemichiza yemizi-mveliso ludala indlala nokungondleki ngokuphanga izityalo zezondlo. Ukutya okuveliswe kwimizi-mveliso kukutya okungenanto, kulayishwe imichiza kunye netyhefu. Isondlo ekutyeni siphuma kwizondlo ezisemhlabeni. Ulimo lwezoLimo, olusekelwe kwingqondo ye-NPK ye-nitrogen yokwenziwa, izichumisi ezisekelwe kwi-phosphorous kunye ne-potassium zikhokelela ekuphelisweni kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zezondlo ezincinci kunye nokulandelela izinto ezifana ne-magnesium, i-zinc, i-calcium, isinyithi.
UDavid Thomas, i-geologist wajika i-nutrist, wafumanisa ukuba phakathi kwe-1940 kunye ne-1991, imifuno yayilahlekile - i-avareji - i-24 yepesenti ye-magnesium yabo, i-46 yepesenti ye-calcium yabo, i-27 yepesenti ye-iron kunye ne-76 yepesenti yobhedu (Ref. : David Thomas 'Uphononongo malunga nokuphela kwezimbiwa zokutya okufumanekayo kuthi njengesizwe kwisithuba sika-1940 ukuya ku-1991'. ISondlo neMpilo ka-2003; 17:85-115)
Iminqathe yayilahlekelwe yi-75 ekhulwini ye-calcium, i-46 ipesenti ye-iron kunye ne-75 ekhulwini yobhedu. Iipatata zazilahlekelwe yi-30 ekhulwini ye-magnesium yazo, i-35 yepesenti ye-calcium, i-45 yepesenti ye-iron kunye ne-47 ekhulwini yobhedu.
Ukufumana umlinganiselo ofanayo wesondlo abantu kuya kufuneka batye ukutya okuninzi kakhulu. Ukunyuka "kwezivuno" zobunzima obungenanto akuguquleli kwisondlo esingaphezulu. Enyanisweni kukhokelela ekungondleki.
I-IAASTD iyaqonda ukuba ngenkqubo ye-agroecological โi-agro-ecosystems nkqu nolona luntu luhlwempuzekileyo lunokubanakho nge-ikholoji yezolimo kunye ne-IPM ukuhlangabezana okanye ngokugqithisileyo izivuno eziveliswa ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo, ukunciphisa imfuno yokuguqulwa komhlaba kwezolimo, ukubuyisela iinkonzo ze-ecosystem (ingakumbi amanzi) ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nemfuneko yezichumiso ezenziweyo ezivela kumafutha ezilwanyana, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemichiza eyingozi yokubulala izinambuzane nemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula.โ
Iminyaka yethu ye-25 yamava e-Navdanya ibonisa ukuba i-ecological, ukulima okuphilayo kuphela kwendlela yokuvelisa ukutya ngaphandle kokulimaza iplanethi kunye nempilo yabantu. Lo mkhwa oya kukhula, kungakhathaliseki ukuba mangaphi amabali enzululwazi angama-pseudo atyalwe kumajelo eendaba ngoshishino.