I-Egypt yaphinda yadelela konke ebekulindelwe ngeCawe, xa iTahrir Square yaphinda yahlala abantu kwaye izigidi zangena ezitratweni kwilizwe elithwaxwa yintlekele ngelizama ukutyhala uMongameli uMorsi kunye neMuslim Brotherhood emandleni kwaye baphinde baqalise inkqubo yoguqulo olukhabayo- yaqala ngoqhankqalazo olwathi lwabhukuqa uMubarak ngoJanuwari nangoFebruwari 2011. Ngelixa uqhanqalazo lwahlala lunoxolo, inkonzo yezempilo uxele ukuba ubuncinci abantu abayi-16 babhubhile kwaye abangama-781 bonzakele kungquzulwano lwamaqela ukusukela ngeCawa.
Ngoku ka iingxelo ezingangqinwanga kwaye imithombo yomkhosi, amabango abo awakwazanga ukuqinisekiswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye anokuthi aphefumlelwe kwezopolitiko, abantu abaninzi be-14 yezigidi bahamba ngokuchasene norhulumente ngeCawa, ngelixa amakhulu amawaka amaSilamsi ahlanganisene kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo yokuxhasa kunye nokukhusela "uMongameli wabo". Ngokutsho komhlalutyi waseYiputa UMichael Hanna, “iziganeko zoqhanqalazo zangeCawa azizange zibonwe ngobukhulu nangobubanzi, kwaye zibonakala zingaphezu kwaloo mvukelo yeentsuku ezili-18 eyabhukuqa uMubarak.”
U-Hanna ugxininise ukuba ubungakanani bokuhlanganisana kwaba yinto enomdla ngakumbi kuba "yayiyinzame esezantsi, ephantsi kwaye ingakhokelwa ziinkokeli zezopolitiko eziphikisayo. Ngandlel’ ithile, baye babambelela kulo msinga wandayo. Ngelixa abaququzeleli bebekhuthele kwaye beyiyile, ngelixa bengenawo ulungelelwaniso kunye nenkxaso-mali, obu bubanzi bokuhlangana kwabantu abaninzi bebungenakubakho ngaphandle kokuba umbutho woqhanqalazo ubungene kunxunguphalo olukhulayo kunye nokudaniswa yinkqubo yangoku yelizwe kunye nobunkokeli balo. "
Iingcambu Tamarodi Iphulo (loMvukeli) eliqale labiza uqhanqalazo libanga ukuba liqokelele abantu abasayiniweyo abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-22 abavela eJiphethe kwilizwe liphela befuna ukuba uMongameli ehle esikhundleni. Iphulo lokutyhala uMorsi emandleni kwaye aqale inkqubo ehlaziyiweyo yonyulo ixhaswa ngumbutho wamaqela aphikisayo kunye nemibutho ezimeleyo yezentlalo, kubandakanya Ngomhla wesi-6 kuTshazimpuzi iMovement yoLutsha ekhokele inguqu yaseYiputa yangomhla wama-25 kaJanuwari, 2011 kwiminyaka emininzi yokudinwa ngokubambisana nabasebenzi abagwayimbayo kwidolophu yase-El-Mahalla El-Kubra.
Abaphengululi bentshukumo yentlalontle ngokubanzi bayayibona imingcelele yehlabathi kaFebruwari 15, 2003 ngokuchasene nemfazwe yase-Iraq. isiganeko esikhulu soqhanqalazo kwimbali yehlabathi, izisa abantu abaphakathi kwe-6 ne-10 lezigidi ezitratweni kwizixeko ezingaphezu kwama-600 nakumazwe angama-60. Ngoku ka iimetrics ezingekho sikweni ihlanganiswe ngamalungu e-Thatha i-Square kunye neqela le-ROAR (kwaye yathathwa ngokubanzi yi eendaba zamanye amazwe), uqhankqalazo lweOccupy ehlabathini lonke ngo-Oktobha 15, 2011 lusenokuba lwaba lukhulu ngakumbi, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba izigidi zabantu ziye ezitratweni kwizixeko eziyi-952 kumazwe angama-82.
Ukuba iingxelo zamva nje ziyinyani, uqhanqalazo lwase-Egypt lwangeCawe luya kuzitshabalalisa ezi rekhodi. Kodwa nokuba amanani abaxwayo, inye into ngoku icacile: ezi ndibano zinkulu kangangokuba akukho mathandabuzo ukuba inkqubo yoguqulo eyaqala ngo-2011 ngoku ibuyele kwinguqu epheleleyo. Emva kweminyaka emibini enesiqingatha yezithembiso ezaphulwayo, iinkohliso eziphanzisiweyo kunye nokuxhathisa okuqhubekayo, abantu baseYiputa babonakala bexhalabele kakhulu kwezopolitiko kwaye becaphuke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Akukho ndlela nje yokubeka oku umoya wenguqu ibuyele kwibhotile yayo yokucinezela urhulumente ngelixa ityeshela iimfuno zayo "zesonka, inkululeko kunye nobulungisa kwezentlalo."
Kulapho ingxelo yemithombo yeendaba eqhelekileyo iba yimpendulo ebuhlungu. Kutsha nje Izinto ezihleliweyo, nanjalo Guardian kubonakala ngathi babashiyile abaqhankqalazi bekhetha ugqatso lwenkululeko oluzele ngumsindo nozinzo. Kuhlelo lwayo lwangeCawe, ikwazile ngandlel’ ithile ukuqokelela amagqabantshintshi kunye nobudenge bokubanga ukuba uguqulo ngoku. elungqamekweni lokuzitshabalalisa. Ukuba siza kulithenga eli bali, abantu baseYiphutha kufuneka balifunxe kwaye bayamkele into yokuba, ngelixa idemokhrasi yabo entsha isenokuba kude nesiphelo, umzabalazo oqhubekayo asiyondlela yokuphucula imeko. Enyanisweni, uhlaziyo kunye nesonka kufuneka zize kuqala - inkululeko kunye nedemokhrasi inokuza kamva.
Ngokucacileyo ufundo olunjalo luthetha ngokuchanekileyo uhlobo lwe ibali eloyikekayo eyayiyeyona nto iphambili ngexesha lovukelo lokuqala lwe-2011, xa iinkokeli zehlabathi kunye neendaba zamazwe ngamazwe zaqala ukuthatha icala lika-Mubarak kwilinge lokugcina uzinzo lwengingqi, kuphela ukuguqula amacala xa beqaphela ukuba amaza ajikile. Emva phayaa, iinkokeli zehlabathi kunye namajelo eendaba ezizwe ngezizwe zaxhokonxa uloyiko lokuthatyathwa kwamaSilamsi; ngoku ekubeni ulawulo lwamaSilamsi “olufanelekileyo” lusemandleni, baxhokonxa uloyiko lokugcwala ngokupheleleyo udabi lasekuhlaleni. Ukuba uqhanqalazo lwangoku lokuchasa uMorsi luyaqhubekeka kwaye luphumelele, banokususa inguqu efanayo yohanahaniso ukuze baphinde balondoloze inkohliso yabo efihlakeleyo yozinzo lwengingqi.
Oko kuthethiweyo, kucacile ukuba imeko yanamhlanje intsonkothe ngakumbi kwaye iguquguquka ngakumbi kunokuba yayinjalo ngo-2011. Uvukelo lwesibini olwaqala ngeCawa alusenakuthethwa ngalo ngendlela elula njengemvukelo yabantu ngokuchasene norhulumente. Umanyano lwenguqu olubhukuqeyo uMubarak luqhawuke lwavulwa kwiyantlukwano phakathi koBuzalwane bamaSilamsi kwelinye icala kunye nomanyano oluchasayo kwelinye icala, olwenziwe "yi-hardcore" ye-anarchist, i-autonomist kunye ne-socialist revolutioners kunye nenkcaso eyahlukileyo yehlabathi. abakhululekileyo abakumgangatho ophakathi, abahlwempuzekileyo bezenkolo kunye nezinto ezisabelayo kulawulo lwakudala lukaMubarak.
Umkhosi wehlabathi, oqhuba ubukhosi obukhulu bemizi-mveliso kwaye ongakhululekanga kakhulu ngokusasaza ubuSilamsi eluntwini, okwangoku uhleli emaphikweni ulinde ithuba lokutsiba kwaye. shift umfelandawonye ukuba iimeko ziyakuvumela oko. Izixhobo zokhuseleko zikaRhulumente, okwangoku - okona kubaluleke kakhulu uMphathiswa Wezangaphakathi ongaguqukiyo kunye nemikhosi yamapolisa - ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba abayi kukhusela ngokusebenzayo naliphi na iqela lezopolitiko ngokuchasene "nabantu". Ngezihlandlo ezithile ezikwanti ngeCawa baba ngakwicala labaqhankqalazi, yaye abazange balikhusele ikomkhulu Lobuzalwana eCairo xa laligqogqwa ngobusuku bangeCawa nangentsasa yangoMvulo.
Abaququzeleli bephulo leTamarod ngoku banike uMorsi Isiphelo ukuhla ngoLwesibini okanye ukujongana nokungathobeli kwabantu abaninzi. Ngeli xesha, kuphawu lokuba iiyantlukwano zoluntu zinokunwenwa kumaqela angaphakathi eqela elilawulayo, abaphathiswa abalishumi elinanye bekhabhinethi sele bemlahlile uMorsi kwaye bajikela kwiqela eliphikisayo. Ubuzalwana basasigcina isiseko esomeleleyo senkxaso edumileyo, eya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ilwele ukugcina ulawulo lwayo kumaziko karhulumente, kodwa esi siseko ngoku sincipha ngokukhawuleza njengokuya nzulu. ingxaki yamatyala kunye nobukhulu ukunqongophala kwamafutha basusa amasuntswana okugqibela okuba semthethweni kulawulo lukaMorsi olungcangcazelayo.
Phambi kwendibano eyimbali yangeCawe, abahlobo kunye namaqabane aseYiphutha basithumelele imiyalezo bevakalisa uloyiko lwabo olusuk’ entliziyweni lokuphalazwa kwegazi kunye nokungazinzi okukhulu kwezentlalo. Sonke sabelana ngolu loyiko kunye nethemba lokuhle. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo Guardian, sikholelwa ukuba ubulumko bezitrato abukho ekudambiseni abantu kodwa kumzabalazo oqhubekayo. Nokuba iimeko ezijoliswe ekubhukuqweni kombuso wobungxowankulu zisenokuba azikabikho, naliphi na ilizwe elingoyikiyo abantu balo liya kuqhubeka lizama ukusebenzisa kakubi igunya lalo. Kuphela ngumzabalazo onamandla nongenasiphelo onokwenza abo baphetheyo boyike abantu babo ngokwaneleyo ukuzisa utshintsho olunentsingiselo kwintlalontle. Ikamva leYiputa liya kumiselwa ezitratweni.
UHLAZIYO LWAMVA: Kumqondiso wokuba iwotshi iyahamba kwaye ixesha lingafika kungekudala kuMorsi kunye neMuslim Brotherhood, umkhosi usandula ukunika urhulumente into engaqondakaliyo (kodwa igqunywe kancinci) Iiyure ezingama-48 zokugqibela “ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu”.