Phantse iminyaka engama-32 bekuthe cwaka, kuthe cwaka, eCamp Armen, ikhaya leenkedama lakudala lase-Armenia kwizityebi zase-Istanbul, kwicala lolwandle kwindawo yaseTuzla. Uvuyo nentsini yabantwana baseArmenia abakha esi sikolo ngezandla zabo zaphela kudala, ukususela oko yavalwa inkampu ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1980.
Ngomhla we-6 kuMeyi ukuthula kwaphulwa xa i-bulldozer ibonakala kwisiza, ithunyelwe ngumnini wenkampu uFatih Ulusoy ukuba adilize isakhiwo esingasetyenziswanga, esichithwayo kunye nokucima umhlaba wokwakhiwa kwee-villas ezilishumi elinesibini.
Oko u-Ulusoy wayesilele ukuyiqwalasela, nangona kunjalo, yayiyeyona ndawo iphakathi kwekhaya leenkedama elisahlala kwinkumbulo edibeneyo yoluntu lwase-Istanbul lwase-Armenia. Malunga ne-1,500 labantwana abachithe inxalenye yobomi babo apha kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini belikhona. Uninzi lwabafundi bangaphambili yayinguHrant Dink, intatheli yaseTurkey-Armenian eyayisebenza iminyaka izama ukuvula inkampu ngaphambi kokuba abulawe ngo-2007.
Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba iindaba zokuba i-Camp Armen yayiphantsi komngcipheko weefowuni zokubambisana zabelwana nge-media media, ekhokelela ekubeni i-Gezi-efana nomsebenzi wesayithi ngabaphembeleli kunye abanovelwano ababezimisele ukuwukhusela ekutshatyalalisweni.
Ngaphezu koko, abahlali bakhokela Okanye iZartonk - umbutho woluntu waseArmenia ogxile kumalungelo amaqela amancinci eTurkey - usebenzisa imeko yeCamp Armen ukutsalela ingqalelo kwinto abayibiza ngokuba "ukubulawa kwenkcubeko" eqhubekayo ngokuchasene nabantu baseArmenia kunye nokuphelisa inkulungwane. "Iipolitiki zokulinganisa" zikaRhulumente waseTurkey.
Iphulo le-Smear ngokuchasene neCamp Armen
UGarabet Orunรถz, oneminyaka engama-55 ubudala, owayesakuba ngumfundi owayehlala kule nkampu phantse iminyaka esibhozo phakathi kowe-1967 nowe-1975, ukhumbula oku: โYayimangalisa, yayilikhaya lethu. Kwakukho nezilwanyana, kunye nebhoma.โ
Kubemi abancinci benkampu - bonke abantwana kunye nabazukulwana abasindileyo kwimbubhiso - yayiyindawo apho bafunda khona ngolwimi lwaseArmenia, inkcubeko kunye nenkolo, into eyayingenakwenzeka ngaphandle kweendawo ezikhuselekileyo nezifihlakeleyo zeecawe zaseArmenian, izikolo kunye nezindlu zeenkedama. Iinkedama ezininzi zazilibiza ngokuba likhaya labo; kwabanye yayiyindawo apho babechitha ihlobo labo phakathi koontanga ngaphandle kokoyika ukungcungcuthekiswa nokucalulwa ababejamelene nako njengabantwana baseArmenian kwilizwe langaphandle.
Ngo-1983 inkampu yavalwa ngurhulumente waseTurkey - iminyaka engama-21 emva kokuba yaqala ukuvula iingcango zayo. UGarabet uthi: โOku kwaba sisiphumo sephulo lokuthanjiswa ngezityholo. โAbantu babesithi abantwana bavela eAnatolia baza baba ngamaKristu. Abanye batyhola le nkampu njengendawo abazalela kuyo abanqolobi.โ
Ukuvalwa kwenkampu urhulumente-ibutho lomkhosi elalingene kulawulo kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo emva kobhukuqo-mbuso lwasemkhosini-yaye yathembela kwisigwebo seNkundla ePhakamileyo ukusukela ngo-1974 esenza ukuba iziseko ezincinci zingakwazi ukufumana izakhiwo ezintsha. Lo mthetho ke waphinda wasetyenziswa ngo-1936, xa ezi ziseko zacelwa ukuba zibhalise iipropathi zazo, zivumela ngokufanelekileyo ukuthinjwa kwayo yonke ipropathi eyayifunyenwe ngeziseko ezincinci ukusukela ngoko.
Umhlaba ekwakhiwe kuwo iCamp Armen wathengwa yiGedikpasa Armenian Church Foundation ngo-1962, kwaye ngo-1983 wabuyiselwa kumnini wangaphambili. Akuzange kuhlawulwe mbuyekezo, ingengomhlaba, okanye isakhiwo sesikolo ababesakhe kuso. Kwiminyaka engama-32 elandelayo iyelenqe laliza kutshintsha abanini amaxesha amaninzi, kodwa akukho namnye kubo owabeka umnwe kwindawo, ngenxa yokungabi namdla okanye ngenxa yokoyika ukucaphukisa uluntu lwaseArmenia. Kude kube nguMeyi.
Ipaki encinci yeGezi
Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba iindaba zokuba iCamp Armen yayiphantsi kwesoyikiso intshukumo yomanyano yahlanganiswa. UMurad Mฤฑhรงฤฑ, oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, oye wabaleka njengomgqatswa we-pro-Kurdish Peoplesโ Democratic Party (HDP) kunyulo lwakutsha nje, wayengomnye wabokuqala ukufika kwindawo. Wathi: โAba bantu benze ityathanga phambi kwebhuldoza. โBathetha nomntu owayesebenzisa loo bulldozer baza bamcacisela ukuba isakhiwo awayesitshabalalisa sasikade silikhaya leenkedama elidala laseArmenia. Emva kwexesha elithile bakwazi ukumcenga ukuba awubeke phantsi umsebenzi wakhe.โ
Malunga nesinye kwisithathu seso sakhiwo sasisele sitshatyalalisiwe ngethuba amatsha-ntliziyo ayemisa ukudilizwa. Kodwa kuninzi lwabo bathi kamva bangena enkampini, eyona nto yayibaluleke ngakumbi kunokugcinwa kweso sakhiwo yayikukukhuselwa kwelifa lenkcubeko yama-Armenia elaliziswe kweso siza.
โAsiphelelanga nje apha ngenxa yamatye,โ kuvuma u-Alexis Kalk, oneminyaka engama-31 ubudala, ilungu elisungula iNor Zartonk. โEsi sakhiwo sibalulekile, kodwa apho abantwana baye bakha isikolo, sakha into entsha egadini,โ wongezelela, ebhekisela kwindlela abantu abahlala kuyo abaye bamanyana ngayo ngenjongo efanayo, ukunqumla imida yobuhlanga neyonqulo eqhubekayo. yahlula uluntu kwihlabathi ngaphandle kwenkampu.
Sele kudlule iinyanga ezintathu uqalile umsebenzi, kwaye kunye nabahlali ubomi buphinde babuyela eCamp Armen. Kugxunyekwe iintente neepowusta ezimibalabala ezigqume ezindongeni. Bapheka baze bacoce kunye, yaye ngokuhlwa nganye kubakho indibano kawonke-wonke apho wonke umntu wamkelekile ukuba abe nenxaxheba. Kutsha nje bade baququzelela isidlo se-iftar, ukophula uzilo kunye namaSilamsi abo, kunye namanye, amaqabane.
Ngandlela-thile, inkampu ibonakala ngathi i-Gezi Park encinci - enye yeendawo ezimbalwa ezisindileyo eziluhlaza kumbindi we-Istanbul kunye nendawo yoqhanqalazo olude lweeveki ezimbini kwi-2013. Olu ngqamaniso aluhambelani ngokupheleleyo, njengoko รzgรผr Atlagan, 30 , ongomnye wamatshantliziyo ebekhe wamisa iintente kweso siza, uyacacisa: โYonke into esiyenzayo apha, ukupheka, ukucoca nokulungelelanisa amaqonga; yimikhwa esayithatha eGezi Park.โ
Okunye ukufana nokuchasana kwe-Gezi Park kukuba abantu abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobuhlanga, ezenkolo kunye nezopolitiko baye bahlanganisana ngokuqhelekileyo ukulwa nento abakholelwa kuyo. Ku-Alexis, oku sele kuphumelele. Wonke umntu uxhathise apha kunye: amaTurkey, amaKurds, ama-Armenia, ama-Alevi kunye namaYuda. Le yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo.โ
Ukwakha ubomi obutsha kunye
Kodwa ngelixa abahlali bezama ukuhambisa umyalezo womanyano kunye nethemba, ibhena enkulu emnyama ejinga kumgangatho wokuqala ithumela umqondiso owahluke ngokupheleleyo. โImbubhiso yohlanga isaqhubeka!โ ifundeka ngoonobumba abamhlophe ngqindilili, xa ithetha ngokubulawa kwabantu base-Armenia ngowe-1915.
Kwiiveki ezimbini phambi kokuhlala kweCamp Armen le bhena inye yasetyenziswa nguNor Zartonk ngexesha lesikhumbuzo se-100 yembubhiso ka-1915 kumbindi weTaksim square yase-Istanbul. โKuthi, ma-Armenia ahlala eTurkey, imbubhiso yohlanga isaqhubeka,โ uyachaza uAlexis, owagqiba kwelokuba eze nebhanile apha.
Ibango elinesibindi lebhanari lihambelana nenkcazo kaGarabet yokuba kutheni inkampu ivaliwe emva kwe-1983. "Oku kukubulawa kwenkcubeko," wahambisa. โNgokuvala isikolo basihluthe isiko lethu, nemfundo yethu. Bona [urhulumente waseTurkey] bafuna ukusifanisa, ukuze silibale ulwimi lwethu nenkcubeko yethu.โ
Ngaphandle kwamagama anamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "genocide", bonke abantu ebebebuzwa imibuzo bavumelana nengxelo. Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, urhulumente waseTurkey usaqhubeka nokukhanyela ukubulawa kwabantu baseArmenia, ngelixa phakathi kwabaphengululi bembali yaseTurkey kunye neengcali zokubulawa kwabantu. Imvumelwano ngokubanzi ngokuqinisekileyo yenzekile. Kumgqatswa we-HDP uMurad Mฤฑhรงฤฑ, ukukhanyela ukubulawa kohlanga ngo-1915 kufana โnokungahoywa ngokwembaliโ, kwaye nje ukuba urhulumente uyasilela ukujongana nexesha elidlulileyo, zonke iinzame zokutshabalalisa inxalenye yembali okanye inkcubeko yase-Armenia kufuneka ijongwe, ihlalutywe kwaye iqwalaselwe. Basukuzana ngoku kukhanya.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukuchaswa kweCamp Armen-enenjongo yokugqibela yokubona indawo ibuyela kubunini beCawa yase-Gedikpasa yase-Armenia - yakha esinye isahluko kumzabalazo wenkulungwane yeminyaka yabahlali baseTurkey ukuze baqonde ukubandezeleka kwabo kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. benze ngokuchasene nabo.
Uloyiso lwabonakala lusondele xa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi uFatih Ulusoy wabhengeza esidlangalaleni ukuba uza kuzibuyisela iitayitile kuluntu lwase-Armenia, kodwa ukutyeshela kwakhe ukwenza oko kuye kwabangela uloyiko phakathi kwabahlali ukuba ityala labo libe ngumdlalo webhola yezopolitiko. Ngoloyiso olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili lwe-HDP - eqaphela imbubhiso yase-Armenia - kunyulo lwakutsha nje kukho ithemba elivuselelweyo lokuba iCamp Armen ingasindiswa.
Namhlanje, umzabalazo wenkampu uyaqhubeka. Ngelixa umbutho wamalungelo oluntu ase-Ankara ngi selela ukuzisa eli tyala kwiBhunga laseYurophu, abaninzi kule nkampu bavakalelwa kukuba sele kuzuzwe uloyiso olubalulekileyo.
U-Alexis uthi: โAbantu beza apha ukuze babonise ukumanyana kwabo nathi. โBeza apha nezazisi zabo, kodwa akukho xinzelelo lwamacala omabini. Silapha njengama-socialists aseArmenian, abavukeli. Kukho into esiyenzela abantu bethu, kwaye abanye beza kusincedisa. Asizange sibe nangxaki kwaphela. Singakwazi ukuhlala kunye ngokulula, kwaye sakhe ubomi obutsha kunye.
UJoris Leverink yintatheli ezimeleyo ese-Istanbul ene-MSc kuQoqosho lwezoPolitiko, kunye nomhleli we. Iphephancwadi iROAR.