Urhulumente waseNew Zealand kufuneka anqanyulwe. Ekhaya naphesheya.
Ngomhla we-14 kuSeptemba kulo nyaka, urhulumente waseNew Zealand kunye nabanye oorhulumente abathathu (iCanada, i-USA kunye ne-Australia) babelane ngokuhlukana okungathandabuzekiyo njengamazwe kuphela okuvota ngokuchasene nokwamkelwa kweSibhengezo seZizwe eziManyeneyo malunga namalungelo abantu bomthonyama. NgoLwesihlanu, ibhengeze ukunyulwa kwayo kwiBhunga lamaLungelo oLuntu leZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN), kwixesha le-2009-2012. Esi sibhengezo sifike ekupheleni kweveki eyothusayo apho abakhankaseli bobungangamsha baseMaori, abagqugquzeli bemeko yendalo, kunye nabanye abaphembeleli bendalo babanjwa kuthotho olukhulu logqogqolo lwamaPolisa kwilizwe liphela, phantsi koMthetho wokuXhobisa ngobunqolobi emva kwe-9/11, nalapho amajoni axhobileyo. amapolisa angqinga kwaye agrogrisa uluntu lwaseTuhoe Maori eRuatoki naseTaneatua, kwingingqi ye "Bay of Plenty" kwimpuma yeSiqithi saseMantla. Malunga ne-15% yabemi base-Aotearoa/New Zealand abangaphezulu nje kwezigidi ezi-4 ngamaMaori. URuatoki Maori utyhola ngelithi phakathi kwezinye izinto ezicaphukisayo, amapolisa axhobe ngezixhobo ezimnyama angcungcuthekisa abantwana ngokukhangela iibhasi zesikolo.
Ngokucacileyo urhulumente wedemokhrasi yentlalontle kaHelen Clark ekucingelwa ukuba usembindini wasekhohlo weLabour Party akanazintloni. Umphathiswa wePalamente yeMaori kunye nenkokeli esebenzisana naye uGqr Pita Sharples uthe ugqogqo luthathe ubudlelwane bobuhlanga eNew Zealand emva kweminyaka eli-100. Abaninzi bavuma, ngoxa uluvo oluchasene nobuhlanga lwamaMaori lwaphuma kumajelo eendaba esizwe. Ngeli xesha, i-Tuhoe Maori ikhankasela ulongamo, umsebenzi wasekuhlaleni, kunye nomzobi, uTame Iti, umtshana wakhe uRawiri, kunye nabanye abali-15 babanjiwe. Uninzi luye lwayinqatshelwa ibheyile kwaye bahlala entolongweni. Amakhaya amatshantliziyo kunye nee-ofisi zagqogqwa, zagqogqwa okanye zatyelelwa ngamapolisa kumaziko aliqela, kwiphulo elikhulu lokuloba ngokuchasene nabo baza kucela umngeni kule meko ikhoyo. Uqhanqalazo oluchasene nohlaselo, kunye nokuxhasa abo kujoliswe kubo, luququzelelwe kwizixeko ezininzi kunye needolophu kulo lonke elaseNew Zealand, kunye nabantu abanomdla abayi-1500 abaye baphuma kwindawo encinci, idolophu yaseMaori East Coast yaseWhakatane apho uTame Iti wabanjwa khona. umpu ngoMvulo ophelileyo. Iiplacards zaziquka: โHe taonga te mokopuna [abantwana bethu babubutyebi]โ, โAsingobanqolobi, sikhe sagrogriswaโ kunye โMusa ukundikhomba ngompu! Ndingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5โ. Uqhanqalazo lomanyano lwenzekile eOstreliya, eJamani nakwamanye amazwe. Kucetyiwe okuninzi.
Ilizwe laseNew Zealand, elakhiwe njengoko lihluthwa ilizwe lamaMaori kunye nokuqhubeka kobukoloniyali bemihlaba yamaMaori, ubomi kunye nemithombo yobutyebi ibisoloko ilinganisa ngokwendalo ukuchasana kwamaMaori kunye namanyathelo okuphelisa ubukoloniyali nokubhukuqa, imvukelo kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. Mhlawumbi kunjalo ngakumbi kwintsimi yaseTuhoe, ekwayenye igagasi lokwenyani lohlaselo oluxhobileyo kunye nomsebenzi.
Phantse kwinkulungwane eyadlulayo, ngowe-1916, indawo yokuhlala yaseTuhoe eMaungapohatu kudederhu lweUrewera, ibutho labantu bonqulo, abantu bonqulo, bahlaselwa ngamajoni axhobileyo ngendlela efanayo naleyo iRuatoki yahlaselwa ngayo ngoMvulo ophelileyo yinto abanye abayibiza ngokuba โyi-ninja. umkhosiโ wamapolisa. Emva phaya, amadoda amabini adutyulwa abulawa kwaye intsalela yaphelela entolongweni, โinetyala lokuchasa ukuziphatha kakuhleโ. Urhulumente akazange aphumelele ukuzama ukumangalela inkokeli yaseTuhoe uRua Kenana ngokuvukela urhulumente.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho lukaMaungapohatu yayikukungafuni ukubandakanyeka kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yokuqala. Ngelo xesha, babeyibiza ngokuthi "isiphithiphithi" kunye "nokungcatsha". Ngoku, ukuxhathisa kweMaori kubizwa ngokuba 'bubugrogrisi'. Njengakwezinye iindawo, i-9/11 inike isizathu esitsha sokubeka iliso kwimpikiswano yasekhaya. Njengoko iMfazwe Yomlomo iphelile, amaziko okhuseleko aseNew Zealand nakwezinye iindawo, kuquka namapolisa, kuye kwafuneka ukuba afune iintshaba ezintsha ukuze athethelele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali namandla azo. Ukanti kumazwe ahlala amakholoniyali afana neNew Zealand, iKhanada, iOstreliya ne-United States, iintshaba ezitsha zihlala ziintshaba ezindala รขโฌโ Abemi bomthonyama abasindileyo kwizizukulwana zemigaqo-nkqubo yokutshabalalisa uhlanga, nabathe gqolo ukubanga amalungelo abo angundoqo ekuzibulaleni ngokwawo. ukuzimisela. Ukudala nokugcina umoya woloyiko kuyingenelo kwabo baseNew Zealand abanokuthi balibale ngokulula iinyaniso ezithile zasekhaya malunga nesiseko selizwe lentlalo-ntle yedemokhrasi ethandwa kakhulu eNew Zealand. Ukuhlasela kunye nomsebenzi wamakholoniyali. Sisenokuba siphila kwinkulungwane yama-21, kodwa ubukoloniyali buyaphila kwaye siyakhaba.
Urhulumente wangaphambili weQela laBasebenzi wamisela olona tshintsho luqatha lwemalike esimahla kulo naliphi na ilizwe le-OECD ngeminyaka yoo-1980, eyathi yaguqula i-Aotearoa/iNew Zealand yaba yindawo yokudlala yotyalo-mali yeenkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezazihlala zithenga izinto zabucala ezizezabantu bangaphambili ngamaxabiso okuthengisa umlilo. Iindleko zentlalo zaziphezulu, kwaye uluntu lwelizwe lwamaMaori kunye neSiqithi sePasifiki luthwele inxalenye engathandekiyo yeempembelelo ezimbi. Kodwa kumaMaori amaninzi oku akuzange kube yinto entsha. AmaMaori amaninzi abona inkqubo yorhwebo, urhwebo lwabucala kunye nenkqubo yokuphelisa ulawulo njengelinye igagasi lobukoloniyali; ukwabelwa okungaphezulu kunye nokuthengiswa kwemihlaba nezibonelelo zabo. Ngaphambi kokwenziwa kweenkampani kunye nokuthengiswa kwamashishini abucala, ezi zinto zazibiwe kumaMaori. Eminye yemingeni enamandla kakhulu kwiinguqu zezoqoqosho zivela eMaori, ngokusebenzisa imingeni yezomthetho, izenzo ezithe ngqo kunye nezinye iindlela.
Igqabaza ngokuhlaselwa ngamapolisa, inqaku lomhleli lamva nje kwelona phephandaba lemihla ngemihla lisasazwa likhulu, iNew Zealand Herald yayigxeka:
โXa amapolisa akwamanye amazwe ephanzisa izicwangciso ezibonakala ngathi zobugrogrisi, adla ngokuzola aze angaguquguquki anike uluntu ingxelo esengqiqweni ngoko akufumanisileyo. Amapolisa aseNew Zealand kule veki akenzanga nto.
Ukuqubha kwabo kwinkampu ekrokrisayo e-Ureweras kunye nemizi yabatsha ntliziyo kwizizathu ezininzi zenziwa ngokucace kangangokuba iikhamera zeendaba zakwazi ukubamba ezinye zazo. Kodwa xa kufikwa ekuchazeni uhlaselo, uMkomishinala wamaPolisa uHoward Broad wayenenkathalo ngokugqithisileyo. Kwiintsuku ezalandelayo, xa abo babanjiweyo besiswa enkundleni, neejaji ziye zaluvala ucango.
Ngenxa yoko ilizwe lisesebumnyameni ekupheleni kweveki apho ukuzithemba kwalo kukhuseleko lwangaphakathi, kunye namapolisa nomthetho walo, kuye kwavavanywa. " (20 Okthobha 2007).
Umhleli weHerald uveze ukuba abo baxoxa ngelithi eli lityala lokubulala ngokugqithisileyo kwamapolisa ngenene banokufumana inkxaso kwinto yokuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izityholo ezibekwe kwabo babanjiweyo abali-18 zonke beziphantsi koMthetho weArms, hayi iTerrorism Suppression Act. Kodwa izihloko zeendaba kulo lonke elaseNew Zealand ziye zaphindwa ngokungekho ngqiqweni kwihlabathi liphela zibhengeza ubukho โbeenkampu zobugrogrisi baseMaoriโ รขโฌโ nangona inani elikhulayo labantu ngoku libuza imibuzo enzima malunga nalo msebenzi, kunye nobunjani bobuntlola bamapolisa emva kwayo yonke loo nto. . Uninzi lwabantu baseUreweras banemipu. Ihlathi lijonge ingobozi yalo yokutya, kwaye lizingele iihagu namaxhama.
Kukho ingqondo ephazamisayo kunye nenkcubeko yokusebenza phakathi kweendawo zamapolisa aseNew Zealand ahlala elinganisa imingeni kwizinto ezikhoyo zezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho kunye nomsebenzi wolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngelixa imisebenzi yabo ngokuyinxenye inxulumene neziyobisi kunye nobungendawo, iNkonzo yobuntlola yamapolisa (CIS) ikwabeka esweni imisebenzi yezopolitiko amapolisa ayigqala njengenokubandakanya ukophulwa komthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho, nangona ivavanywa njani na imisebenzi enjalo.
Inkonzo iqhuba imisebenzi efanayo yokucupha kwi-New Zealand Security Intelligence Service (NZSIS) kwaye kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwabo. Kangangeminyaka emininzi, i-CIS izinike ngokucacileyo igunya elibanzi lokuqokelela ulwazi malunga nabantu ngokwesiseko seenkolelo zabo zezopolitiko kunye novelwano, kunye nezimvo ezenziwe ngamagosa ezobuntlola zamapolisa. Umsebenzi wabo kulo mmandla ubonakala ufana kakhulu nemibutho yezopolitiko kwimikhosi yamapolisa kwenye indawo ehlabathini ehlala ibeka iliso, ixhaphaza kwaye yenza ulwaphulo-mthetho abaququzeleli kunye nemisebenzi yezopolitiko.
Ngokuthatha amaqela amaninzi kunye nabantu ngabanye njengabanokuthambekela okwaneleyo ukwenza izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngokusekelwe kwiimbono zabo zezopolitiko kunye nobudlelwane babo, i-CIS inegalelo ekwenzeni kube lulwaphulo-mthetho ukuphikisa eNew Zealand. Nokuba yeyiphi na idatha efakwa kwisihluzi okanye isakhelo esifana neso sakhiwe bubuntlola bamapolisa ngokunxulumene nentshukumo yezopolitiko, ngokuqinisekileyo iyajijwa kwaye isetyenziswe ngayo yonke indlela. Ngokulandelayo, oku kukhuthaza amapolisa aphambili ukuba abonakalise indelelo kunye nokungawakhathaleli amalungelo abantu okuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, ukunxulumana kunye nokuhlanganisana ngoxolo. NgoMeyi ka-2000, ishumi elinesibini lemibutho yabasebenzi, izifundiswa, iinkokeli zenkolo nezopolitiko zacela ikomiti yobulungisa nonyulo ukuba ibambe uphando ngendima ye-CIS ekujoliseni imibutho yezopolitiko kunye namatshantliziyo. Bekuqikelelwa ukuba le mnxeba ibingaphendulwa. Mhlawumbi ifuna ukuphinda iphindwe ngamandla ngoku.
Abagxeki bokwandiswa okulandelelanayo kwamaPolisa kunye namagunya e-arhente yezobukrelekrele bombuso, ngaphambi nangemva kwe-9 / 11, baye babonisa ukuba imithetho enjalo inokujolisa uluhlu olubanzi lwemibutho esebenzela utshintsho lwentlalo e-Aotearoa / eNew Zealand. Itekhnoloji entsha ezandleni zamapolisa aseNew Zealand yinkxalabo encinci. Kwi-2003, kwavezwa, ngokuhlazisayo, ukuba i-National Bureau of Criminal Intelligence, ekuvavanyeni kwayo ingozi yombaleki wase-Algeria, u-Ahmed Zaoui, de kube kutshanje uvalelwe ubungqina obuyimfihlo phantsi kwesatifikethi somngcipheko wokhuseleko okhutshwe yi-NZSIS "ubungqina" Iwebhusayithi yehlelo labagwetyiweyo bobuqhophololo, i-cryptofascist kunye nethiyori yeyelenqe, uLyndon Larouche owabanga ukuba uMnu. Zaoui wayenonxibelelwano nombutho wabanqolobi.
Ke ebeza kufumana ntoni urhulumente waseNew Zealand ngamaqhinga e-stormtrooper akhutshwe kwiveki ephelileyo? Ugqogqo kunye nokukhapha โkobugrogrisi basekhayaโ kongeza umfutho owongezelelekileyo kuMthetho osaYilwayo woTshintsho loBunqolobi ngoku phambi kwePalamente. Badala zombini umoya woloyiko ngelixa besenza imodeli yorhulumente owomeleleyo "ongenabubhanxa". Ukuba ngqongqo โkulwaphulo-mthethoโ yifomula evavanyiweyo xa kusiyiwa kunyulo.
Kunjalo ke nocalucalulo. Ayikuba oorhulumente baseNew Zealand badinga uncedo olukhulu ekugxotheni abantu boMthonyama. Kodwa babonakala bethatha igqabi elicacileyo kuJohn Howard waseOstreliya, odla ngokukhankasela imigaqo-nkqubo yobuhlanga enxamnye nabemi bomthonyama baseOstreliya (ingakumbi i-1998 kunye nolu lonyulo-mhlawumbi ukulwa kwakhe okugqithisileyo koluntu lwabemi boMthonyama kwiNdawo eseMantla egameni lomntwana. Intlalontle yanika uHelen Clark iingcamango ezithile), ababaleki (2001) kunye nemfazwe yase-Iraq / "imfazwe yoloyiko" (2004 kunye nalo nyaka). Urhulumente kaClark kufuneka athembe ukuba lo mboniso wobudoda wamandla ombuso ukhutshwa ngokuchasene naBantu boMthonyama abanesidima sokukholelwa kumalungelo okuzimela kunye nokuchithwa kwe-decolonization kuya kudlala kakuhle kubo kwi-polls. Umphumo obandayo lo msebenzi uya kuba nawo kubantu abathethelela ubulungisa bezentlalo, kunye neengxoxo zezopolitiko eziphilileyo e-Aotearoa / eNew Zealand zixhalabisa kakhulu.
Akukho nto "i-postcolonial" malunga nexesha esiphila kulo. Izenzo zale veki zibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba oorhulumente bamazwe angama-colonial abahlali bamathanga, njengamahlosi, abatshintshi amabala abo, kodwa baxoke amaxhoba abo ngezinye iindlela, ukucacisa igqwetha leMaori uMoana. UJackson. E-Aotearoa/eNew Zealand, uninzi lwabantu abangengoMaori banoxanduva lokucela umngeni kwizenzo zorhulumente waseNew Zealand ngoku nakwixesha elizayo, kwaye baxhathise igagasi elitsha leMcCarthyism elisongela ukuphosa impepho kubo bonke abachasayo ngokuchasene nemeko ekhoyo. Ukuba abayazi kakade, abangewona amaMaori kufuneka bafunde imbali yokwenyani yabantu baseTuhoe kuphela kunye nommandla wabo, kodwa kunye nembali yekholoni e-Aotearoa. Kwaye ukuqonda ukuba le nkqubo iyaqhubeka. Kwenye indawo, abantu baya kwenza kakuhle ukubona ngokwenza iintsomi kunye nokubeka urhulumente waseNew Zealand kwinqanaba lehlabathi njengoko eqhayisa ngendlela aqhuba ngayo. Njengoko umhlobo ebetshilo kum izolo, ukuba oku bekusenzeka eBurma, ibali beliya kuba ne-airtime eninzi. Ukuba iBurma ibifaka isicelo sesihlalo kwiBhunga lamaLungelo oLuntu lwe-UN, bekuya kubakho umsindo kunye noqhanqalazo kwihlabathi liphela. Kutheni le nto urhulumente waseNew Zealand kufuneka akwazi ukoyikisa uluntu lonke kwaye enze ulwaphulo-mthetho abaphembeleli bolawulo lwamaMaori kunye nabaxhasi babo kwaye angalindeli imiceli mngeni emandla kuhanahaniso lobukoloniyali?