Lichelete tsa toropo ke khale li le tlas'a khatello, empa Ho putlama ho Hoholo ha Moruo le litlhaselo tse tsitsitseng mabapi le tšebeliso ea chelete ea mmuso le mmuso li ekelitse mathata a lichelete a lehae. Liphuputso tsa selemo le selemo tsa National League of Cities, City Fiscal Conditions, li tlaleha ho senyeha ka potlako. Lekeno le tlalehiloeng le theohile ka liperesente tse 2.5 ka 2009 le liperesente tse 3.2 ka 2010 li ne li le matla haholo nalaneng ea lilemo tse 25 ea lipatlisiso. Ka 2010, liperesente tse 79 tsa litoropo li tlalehile ho fokotsa basebetsi, liperesente tse 44 li ile tsa fokotsa lits'ebeletso, liperesente tse 25 li ile tsa fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ireletso ea sechaba, 'me karolo ea 17 lekholong e ile ea fokotsa melemo ea bophelo bo botle ba basebetsi ba hona joale. Litebello tse eang pele li nyahamisa le ho feta.
Linako tse thata li hloka monahano o mocha. Re feta har'a mathata a tsamaiso, eseng feela mathata a lipolotiki, 'me maikutlo a lilemo tse mashome a mararo a fetileng mabapi le kamano pakeng tsa lipolotiki, mananeo a sechaba le moruo, le moruo ha a sa sebetsa. Litoropo hohle li ka fumana likarabo tse makatsang mathateng a lichelete ka ho sheba maqheka a macha a sa tsejoeng a ntseng a tsoela pele lichabeng tse fapaneng naheng ka bophara.
Ka mohlala, mathata a moruo a hlahisitse thahasello e pharalletseng Bank of North Dakota, e leng banka e atlehileng haholo ea ’muso e thehiloeng ka 1919. Lilemong tse 14 tse fetileng, banka e khutlisitse phaello ea liranta tse limilione tse 340 ’musong, ka tšehetso e pharaletseng. metseng e mengata ho tsoa ho batho ba khoebo hammoho le baitseki ba tsoelang pele. Libakeng tse ling, metse e meholo ho tloha Lowell, Mass., ho ea Berkeley, Calif., e sibolotse hore e ka sebelisa hamolemo limilione tsa lidolara tse lutseng ka nakoana liak’haonteng tsa banka ka ho khetha moo li ka behang depositi ho itšetlehile ka boikemisetso ba libanka ho boela ba alima lidolara tseo. ho fihlela lipheo tsa ntlafatso ea sechaba sa lehae. Leano lena le ka susumetsa ntshetsopele ya moruo wa lehae ntle le ho beha merwalo e metjha ho balefalekgetho.
Tataiso e 'ngoe e tšepisang ke ho kenya chelete ka ho ba beng ba litša le likhoebo ka kotloloho litoropong. Seo e neng e ka ’na eaba se ne se bitsoa “socialism ea litoropo” hona joale se se se bitsoa “toropo e hloahloa,” ’me bo-ramotse ba Rephabliki le ba Democratic ka ho tšoanang ba kenelletse boitekong bo tlohang ho ntlafatso ea mobu ho isa litšebeletsong tsa Inthanete le tsa wi-fi. Litoropong tse ngata, phaello e tsoang litsing tsa motlakase tsa masepala le eona e thusa ho tšehetsa litšebeletso tse ling ka lichelete, kahoo ho fokotsa moroalo oa lekhetho. Ka mohlala, Los Angeles, Lefapha la Matla le Metsi le kenya letsoho chelete e ka bang lidolara tse limilione tse 190 ka selemo lekenong la motse.
Leha ho le joalo, litoropo tse ling li thehile likhoebo tse ncha ho ntšetsa pele ntlafatso ea moruo oa lehae. Ka mohlala, bomasepala ba makholo ba kenya chelete ka ho khutlisa khase, ba fetola methane ea khase e futhumatsang lefatše (e hlahisoang ke polokelo ea litšila) hore e be matla. Ba bang ba thehile mananeo a ho etsa matsete a equity (venture capital) lifeme tsa lehae le ho kopanela katlehong ea bona. Ka mohlala, San Diego e tsetetse liranta tse limilione tse 2.5 ho letlole la "theknoloji e ntseng e tsoela pele" e shebaneng le likhoebo tse nyane metseng e fumanang meputso e tlase. Ka 2011, 'Musisi oa Maryland, Martin O'Malley, o ile a qala hape lenaneo le ts'oanang, Maryland Venture Fund, eo pele e neng e khutlisitse lidolara tse limilione tse 61 ho mmuso ka $25 milione eo e neng e e tsetetse lik'hamphani tsa lehae.
Hajoale, mebuso ea litoropo le ea linaha e sebelisa chelete e ka bang $60 bilione ho likhothaletso tsa nts'etsopele ea moruo (phokotso ea lekhetho, lichelete tsa bonto ea nyollo ea lekhetho le tse ling tse joalo). Boholo ba tšebeliso ena ke booatla: Thuso ea Maryland ea ho boloka lidolara tse limilione tse 44 ho Marriott ka 1999, e fanoeng kamora hore k'hamphani e se e nkile qeto ea ho se falle, ke mohlala o motle haholo. Phuputso ea 2002 ea Connecticut Development Agency e ile ea fumana hore lik’hamphani tse ruang molemo ka lithuso tsa ’muso “li thehile feela karolo ea 9 lekholong ea mesebetsi eo li neng li e boletse esale pele” le hore karolelano ea lithuso bakeng sa mosebetsi o mong le o mong o mocha e ne e le $367,910 XNUMX. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa ralipolotiki oa potoloho ea likhetho tsa lilemo tse peli kapa tse 'nè, "litlhare tse bonolo" joalo li leka haholo. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, bo-ramotse le babusisi ba bang ba rekisitse thepa ea sechaba, ba tela ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea lichelete bakeng sa phaello ea nakoana.
Lenaneo le nang le kelello la ntlafatso ea masepala le kanna la phahamisa thepa e meng ea sechaba ho holisa moruo oa lehae. Mohlala, bokhoni ba mebuso ea litoropo ba ho sebelisa matla a ho reka a masepala ho boloka lidolara tsa khoebo li ntse li potoloha sebakeng sa heno ha bo ananeloe haholo. Ha ho sebelisoa ka bohlale, ho reka metseng e meholo ho ka fana ka tsela e sa nkeng chelete e kenang ea ho tšehetsa tsoelo-pele ea likhoebo tse itšetlehileng ka sechaba: ho lebisa likonteraka tsa litoropo ho lik'hamphani tse hlophisitsoeng ka litsela tse bolokang mesebetsi motseng.
Moetso o mocha oa beng ba matlo a Cleveland o fana ka maikutlo a hore na ho ka etsoa eng: Matla a ho reka a "liankora" tse teng tsa toropo - lipetlele, liunivesithi le mmuso oa lehae - a sebelisetsoa ho fana ka 'maraka oa nako e telele bakeng sa marang-rang a likoporasi tsa basebetsi ba tala tse ling tsa libaka tsa toropo tse nang le meputso e tlase. Sena ha se fane feela ka mesebetsi e "ankora" empa hape se aha motheo oa lekhetho le ho fokotsa tlhoko ea lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba tsa litoropo.
Litoropo li ka nka karolo e matla le ho feta ho khothalletseng nts'etsopele ea mofuta ona. Ka mohlala, 'masepala o ka sebelisa chelete e bokelletsoeng hona joale ka lichelete tsa nyollo ea lekhetho (TIF) le mekhoa e meng eo hona joale e tšehetsang likhothaletso tsa phalliso ho e-na le ho tšehetsa mokhoa oa "Cleveland model", ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa 'muso le ho phahamisa lekhetho la lehae ka nako e le' ngoe.
Mehleng ea mathata a lichelete a ntseng a eketseha, moralo o felletseng oa moruo oa boemo ba toropo o hohelang maano a macha a ntseng a ntlafatsoa ho potoloha naha - mmoho le matsapa a ts'oanang maemong a libaka le a naha - a ka fana ka eona feela tsela ea ho tsoa lerabeng la ho se be le chelete, ho se be teng. , le lipolotiki tse hlolehang le tse mpe tsa masepala tse qothisanang lehlokoa le balefi ba lekhetho khahlanong le basebeletsi ba sechaba metseng e mengata ea sechaba.
Gar Alperovitz ke Lionel R. Bauman Moprofesa oa Moruo oa Lipolotiki Univesithing ea Maryland le mothehi-'moho oa Democracy Collaborative. Buka ea hae ea morao-rao ke "America Beyond Capitalism: Reclaiming Our Wealth, Our Liberty, and Our Democracy." Webosaete ea hae ke garalperovitz.com.
ZNetwork e tšehelitsoe ka lichelete feela ka seatla se bulehileng sa babali ba eona.
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