Mararka qaarkood waxaad ku aragtaa isku wargeys laba sheeko oo kala duwan oo aad moodo inay si fiican isku xidhiidhsan yihiin waxaad la yaaban tahay sababta loo isku darin waayey. Fiiri tusaale ahaan daabacaadda Maajo 14-keeda ee Xarunta Daily Times, warqadda maxalliga ah ee Kulliyada Gobolka, oo ay ku taal Jaamacadda Gobolka Pennsylvania (PSU). Hal sheeko oo halkaas ka dhacday ayaa soo warinaysa in macalinka kubbada cagta ee PSU Joe Paterno "uu helay qandaraas afar sano ah, isagoo kooxda ku sii hayn doona ilaa iyo 2008dii." Qodobbada heshiiska lama soo sheegin, laakiin waa ammaan in la qiyaaso in magdhowga Paterno ay si fiican ugu socon doonto malaayiinta cashuur bixiyayaasha.
Sheekadu waxay dib uga sheekaynaysaa rikoorka guul-darrada ah ee Paterno ee 38-sano ee PSU. Waxa kale oo ay xustay in kooxdiisu ay 3-9 ku badisay sannadkii hore, oo ay ku jiraan 1-7 shirkii Tobanka Weyn, iyo in Paterno uu kooxdiisa u qaaday hal kulan oo baaquli ah 4tii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Dhib malahan, Paterno ayaa leh, isagoo sharxaya "Weli waxaan ku raaxeeyaa tababarka" iyo "Waan ku faraxsanahay xilli ciyaareedka soo socda." Madaxweynaha PSU Graham Spanier ayaa laga soo xigtay isagoo leh Paterno ayaa "saamayn togan ku yeeshay bulshada" (www.bradenton.com/mld/centredaily/news/local/ 8665831.htm). "Joe waa qof aan caadi ahayn," Isbaanish ayaa u sheegay laanta NBC ee maxalliga ah, "iyo kheyraad qaali ah oo machadku leeyahay. Wax badan ayuu ula jeeday Penn State waxaana rabnay inaan sii wadno xiriir dheer oo aqoonsanaya wax kasta oo uu sameeyay si uu u gaarsiiyo jaamacaddaโฆ. ).
Paterno, waxaa mudan in la xuso, waa Jamhuuriyad adag, taageere xooggan oo xisbi siyaasadeed oo dib-u-dhac ah oo si joogto ah u shaqeeya si ay u gaajoodaan waxbarashada dadweynaha ee heerarka hoose iyo sare iyo in lagu wareejiyo qaab-dhismeedka waxbarashada Mareykanka si loo xakameeyo kuwa gaarka ah / shirkadaha. Jaamacaddu waxay leedahay dareeno kala duwan oo ku saabsan hoggaamiyihii hore ee borofisar Henry Giroux.
Sheeko labaad oo ah Xarunta Daily Times isla cadadkaas ayaa sheegaysa in Giroux uu si wanaagsan uga tagi doono PSU ka dib markii maamulayaasha dugsigu ay diideen in ay sameeyaan wax dadaal ah oo adag si ay u sii hayaan ka dib deeq waxbarasho oo uu ka helay Jaamacadda McMaster ee Kanada.
"Kahor soo bandhigida McMaster," wargeysku, Henry iyo xaaskiisa Susan (lafteeda aqoonyahanad wax soo saar sare leh), "waxay isku dayeen si isdaba joog ah inay sii joogaan Penn State." Bixinta ka dib, Giroux ayaa ka codsaday Penn State fasax laba sano ah oo maqnaansho ah si ay u siiso jaamacadda fursad ay ku sii haysato lammaanaha haddii McMaster uusan shaqeynin - gorgortan cadaalad ah oo heer sare ah oo loogu talagalay tacliinta sare ee guuleysta. Gobolka Penn ma xiisaynayn
Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah ardayda Giroux, Scott Morris, "haddii [Maamulayaasha Gobolka Penn] ay qiimeeyaan shaqadiisa, daacadnimadiisa, wax ku biirintiisa muhiimka ah ee habka ay u qalmaan in lagu qiimeeyo, Henry ma bixi doono." Qiyaas kasta oo macquul ah oo tacliimeed, wax ku biirintaasi waa cajiib. In ka badan labaatan sano, Giroux wuxuu ka tagay aragtida bulshada, dhaqanka, iyo waxbarashada si uu u difaaco dhalinyarada Mareykanka, waxbarashada dadweynaha iyo dimoqraadiyada ka dhanka ah niyad-jabka cunsuriyadda iyo hanti-wadaaga kali-taliska ah. Natiijadu waa hay'ad heersare ah oo deeq waxbarasho ku hawlan, oo lagu faafiyay in ka badan 40 buug iyo 300 oo maqaallo ah, iyada oo la tixraacayo ilo la taaban karo iyo aragtiyo kala duwan.
Iyada oo ay weheliso rikoorka waxbaridda iyo casharrada ee cajiibka ah, daabacaadyadani waxay aasaaseen Giroux mid ka mid ah aqoonyahannada adduunka ugu horreeya iyo hal-abuuraha goobta barbaarinta muhiimka ah. Sida laga soo xigtay Center Daily Times, Giroux waxaa loo magacaabay "mid ka mid ah barayaasha ugu sarreeya qarniga 20-aad ... Shaqada Giroux waxaa lagu turjumay adduunka oo dhan, qaar badan oo ka mid ah ardaydiisuna waxay yiraahdaan sababta kaliya ee ay u yimaadeen Penn State waxay ahayd inay wax la bartaan isaga. . Mid ka mid ah ardaydiisa ayaa sheegay in Giroux ay tahay in Penn State waxa Noam Chomsky u yahay Massachusetts of Technology iyo Edward Said [wuxuu ahaa] Columbia."
Giroux waa iftiin iftiimaya, deeq waxbarasho bidix oo siyaasad ahaan ku hawlan iyo barbaarin dhiirigelin leh: "khayraadka qaaliga ah" - mid ayaa u malaynaya - "machad" /www.centredaily.com/ mld/centredaily/8665832.htm).
Si ka duwan Paterno, sidoo kale, Giroux wuxuu lahaa xilli ciyaareedyo guulo xiriir ah oo dhow. Lixdii sano ee la soo dhaafay ayaa la arkay daabacaadda ugu yaraan lix (malaha waxaan ka tagayaa buugaag qaar) cajiib ah Giroux monographs: Channel Surfing (1998), Mouse That Roared: Disney and the End of Innocence (1999), Xatooyo Innocence 2001), U Jebinta Filimada (2002), Jiilka La dayacay (2003), Goobaha Gaarka loo leeyahay, Nolosha Dadwaynaha (2003), iyo (waxaa la qoray Susan) Qaadashada Waxbarashada Sare: Jinsiga, Dhallinyarada, iyo Dhibaatada Sare Waxbarashada Xiligii Xuquuqda Madaniga Kadib (2004) (Waxaan ku dhacaa arthritis-ku kaliya waxaan ka fekerayaa qoraalka intaa le'eg).
Buuggii ugu dambeeyay, waxaa mudan in la xuso, waa mid si gaar ah muhiim u ah jaamacadda Maraykanka ee casriga ah. Iyada oo ku saleysan falanqaynta taxadir leh ee tacliinta sare ee Maraykanka ee hormuudka ka ah horumarinta hay'adaha iyo garaadka, waxay muujinaysaa sida akadeemiyadda ay ugu lug leedahay ka-noqoshada bulshada ballaaran ee dimuqraadiyadda, ka mid noqoshada jinsiyadda, iyo caddaaladda bulshada.
Giroux iyo Giroux waxay sameeyaan kiis qiiro leh, xogogaalnimo badan leh oo ku saabsan doorka jaamacada sida meel dimuqraadi ah oo ammaan ah, oo aan gabaad u ahayn kuwa mudnaanta leh iyo kuwa xoogga leh. Dib-u-celinta Tacliinta Sare waxaa iska leh khaanadaha dhammaan mufakiriinta dadweynaha ee ay khusayso, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa aad dhif u ah indheer-garadka noocaas ah ee ku dhex nool isdhexgalka shirkadaha, jaamacadda neo-liberal. La yaab maaha in maamulayaasha Paterno/Penn-State ay heleen fariimo badan oo iimayl ah oo ka yimid ardayda iyo macallimiinta wax ka weydiinaya bixitaankii Giroux iyo waxa Penn State uu damacsanaa inuu sameeyo si looga hortago. "Ma badna," waa jawaabta, oo sidaas darteed khasaaraha Penn State waa faa'iidada McMaster.
Marka laga soo tago sida ay uga go'an tahay "heerka ugu sarreeya [waxbarashada] ugu wanagsan," PSU waxay leedahay mudnaan sare oo waxbarasho. Waxay ku bixisaa hanti aan la shaacin si ay u sii haysato halyeyga kubbadda cagta ee ku dhow octogenarian, kaasoo noqda taageere falcelin ah oo ka tirsan xisbiga mucaaradka ee waxbarashada Mareykanka. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay diidaysaa in ay sii haysato, qiimo jaban, mid ka mid ah meeraha hormoodka ah ee ka soo horjeeda awoodda wax-garadka. Laakin markaas taasi macno ayay samaynaysaa marka la eego falanqaynta lagu soo bandhigay Waxbarashada Sare ee Dib u Celinta (1).
Daabac
1. Shalay nooca online-ka ah ee Maqaalka Xarunta Daily Times ee ka tegitaanka Girouxs ee Gobolka Penn waxaa ku jiray sawirka Henry iyo Susan Giroux. Si toos ah korkooda waxaa ku sawirnaa Laura Bush, oo ay la socoto hal-ku-dhegga "Waxbarashadu waa Jacaylkayga." Maanta sawirka lammaanaha waxa la hoos dhigayaa hal xayaysiis loogu talagalay adeegyada "professor online" iyo xayaysiis kale oo lagu raadinayo macalimiin waqti-dhiman ah oo wax ka dhiga shirkadda iyo khadka "Phoenix University."
Paul Street ([emailka waa la ilaaliyay]) waa cilmi-baare siyaasadda bulshada magaalada Chicago, Illinois.
ZNetwork waxa lagu maalgeliyaa oo keliya deeqsinimada akhristeyaasheeda.
Nalasoo