1. Unofunga kuti US ichazvipira kusvika papi rusununguko rwayo rwevanhu kuti ive nekuchengeteka kukuru?

Hazvina chokwadi kuti kurwiswa kwazvino kwerusununguko rwevanhu kune chekuita nekuchengetedza. Kazhinji, munhu anogona kutarisira kuti nyika ishandise chero chikonzero chekuwedzera simba rayo uye kumanikidza vanhu kuteerera; kodzero dzinowanikwa, hadzipiwi, uye simba richatsvaka chero mukana wokudzideredza.

Ivo varipo parizvino muWashington vari padanho rakanyanyisa rekuita jingoism uye kushora democracy. Mubvunzo watinofanira kubvunza, ndinofunga, ndewekuti vagari vemunyika vachavabvumira kusvika papi kuti vatevedze hurongwa hwavo. Kusvika pari zvino, vanga vachingwarira kunangana nevanhu vari munjodzi, sevanobva kune dzimwe nyika, kunyange zvazvo mitemo yavakapasisa ine zvainoreva zvakawanda. Manzwiro angu ndeekuti kuzvipira kwakakurumbira kukodzero dzakahwinwa mukurwa kwakadzama zvakanyanya kuti zvibvumire kurwiswa kuenderere mberi.

2. Tingachengeta sei chiyero pakati pekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa, kuchengetedza rusununguko rwevanhu uye kuchengetedza zvakavanzika?

Hazvibviri kupindura mune abstract.Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti titarise mazano nyaya nechiitiko. Sezvandataura, matanho anotsanangurwa uye dzimwe nguva anoitwa kazhinji ane hukama hushoma ne "kuchengetedza kuchengeteka." Zvakawanda zvacho zvingangokuvadza kuchengeteka. Tora semuenzaniso kubhomba kweAghanistan. Chero zvingafungwa nemunhu nezvazvo, zvakawedzera kuchengeteka here? US njere haifungi kudaro. Ivo nguva pfupi yadarika vakashuma kuti nekuparadzira al-Qaeda uye kuburitsa magandanga matsva mabhomba anogona kunge akawedzera kutyisidzira kwehugandanga. Zvine basa here izvozvo? Kwete chaizvo, maererano nevarongi vehurumende. Muchinda Abdullah wekuSaudi Arabia paakauya kuUS nguva pfupi yadarika kuzokurudzira manejimendi kuti atarise zvakanyanya kuita kwemitemo yake munyika yeArab, akaudzwa nevakuru vakuru:
“Kana aifunga kuti takasimba muDesert Storm, takasimba zvakapetwa ka10 nhasi. Izvi zvaive zvekumupa imwe pfungwa zvakaratidzwa neAfghanistan nezve kugona kwedu. " Muchidimbu: "tevedza maodha, kana kuti uchaputswa."
Ndozvaive nezvebhomba reAfghanistan.

3. Hondo yekurwisana nehugandanga ichava nevakawanda vakawanda vanokuvara, vakawanda vasina mhosva. Izvi zvingaruramiswa here?

Zvekare, mubvunzo haugone kupindurwa muchidimbu. Asi pane zvimwe zvinodiwa pakuipindura. Imwe nzira iri nyore ndeyokuti kana chimwe chiito chiri pamutemo kwatiri, saka chiri pamutemo kune vamwe. Kutora muenzaniso, kana zviri pamutemo kuti US ibhombe Afghanistan nekuti Washington inofungidzira kuti zano rekuita hutsinye hwe9-11 rakarongwa ipapo (FBI ichangobva kubvuma kuti vachiri kungofungira, hapana humbowo hwakasimba), ipapo. a fortiori, ingadai yakave yepamutemo kune veNicaraguans (maCuba, Lebanese, uye runyorwa rurefu rwevamwe) kubhomba Washington nekuti vanoziva, vasingafungidzire, kuti ndiko kunobva hutsinye hwehugandanga hunodarika kunyange 9-11. Avo vasingagamuchiri mhedziso yapashure—ndiko kuti, munhu ari wose ane njere—havagoni kugamuchira yokutanga, kunze kwokunge varamba nheyo dzetsika dzokutanga, uye nokudaro ndokusiya kutaura kupi nokupi kutaura pamusoro pechakanaka nechakaipa, chakanaka nechakaipa.

Muitiro mumwe chetewo unoshanda pasi rose. Haipinduri mibvunzo yese, asi inopindura mizhinji yayo. Ichokwadi kuti nheyo dzekutanga dzetsika dzakadai seidzi hadzigoni kutariswa nevapfumi nevane simba, nekuda kwemigumisiro inotevera nekukurumidza. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhu vakatendeseka vanofanira kuda kuvavaraidza.

4. Ndeipi kukanganisa kwehugandanga munyika uye kunyanya muUS?

Kukanganisa kunoita ugandanga kwakakura. Kutora mimwe mienzaniso ichangoburwa, Central America yakaparadzwa nehugandanga hwaitungamirwa nenyika muma1980, sezvaive zvakaita Haiti mukutanga kwema1990. Ndichangobva kudzoka kubva kuColombia, chiitiko chehutsinye hwakaipisisa hwemagandanga muWestern hemisphere mumakore gumi apfuura, zvino zvichitonyanya kuipa. Kunyange Dhipatimendi reHurumende rinobvuma kuti ruzhinji rwacho rwakakonzerwa nemauto nemauto, ayo akabatana zvakanyanya zvekuti Human Rights Watch, iyo yakaita zvimwe zveongororo yakadzama, inodana mauto "chikamu chechitanhatu" cheuto reColombia, pamusoro pezvikamu zvishanu zvepamutemo. Mhondi dzezvematongerwo enyika dziri kuitika zvino pamwe pamakumi maviri pazuva, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru mazana matatu vanowedzerwa gore rega rega kune avo vakadzingwa (kunyanya nehugandanga), Colombia inobata rekodhi yepasi rose yekuponda kwevashandi vemubatanidzwa nevatapi venhau, kunyangwe zvakadaro vanowirwa semazuva ese kazhinji. varimi. Zvichingoenda zvakadaro. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, ndakashanyira Turkey, uko humwe hutsinye hwehugandanga hwakaipisisa hwema10 hwakaitika muKurdish kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, uye vanhu zvino vanogara mugomba chairo. Zvese izvi hugandanga hwepasirese, nekuda kwekutsamira kwahwo kwakakosha mukutsigirwa kukuru kweUS, kwete zvechiuto chete asiwo rutsigiro rwepfungwa: kunyarara nekukumbira ruregerero. Nekuda kwemumiririri, haina kuverengerwa muzvinyorwa zvehugandanga. Zviri nyore kuenderera mberi.

Izwi rekuti "hugandanga" rinoshandiswa, zvakajairika, kureva hugandanga hwavanotiitira isu, chero ani "isu" angave. Kunyangwe mhondi dzakaipisisa - maNazi semuenzaniso - vakatora tsika iyi. Ini ndinofungidzira maFascist Generals muGreece anofanira kunge akaita zvimwe chetezvo.

Sezvo vapfumi uye vane simba vakaisa mazwi ekukurukurirana, izwi rekuti "hugandanga" rinongogumira, mukuita, kune kutyisa kunobata US nevatengi vayo uye vanobatana. Kuramba tichienda kune iyo yakamanikana chikamu chehugandanga, hutsinye hwe9-11 hwakakanganisa zvakanyanya kuMadokero. Kwete nekuda kwechiyero - zvinosuruvarisa, izvo zvaisajairika - asi nekuda kwesarudzo yevasina mhosva. Kwemazana emakore, rave riri kodzero yeEurope nenhungirwa dzayo kuita zviito zvakadaro kune vamwe, pasina chirango chaicho. Zvakanga zvanzwisiswa kwenguva yakati kuti neruzivo rwemichina mitsva, nzanga dzeindasitiri dzaigona kurasikirwa nechisimba chadzo chaidzo, dzichingoramba dzakanyanya. Pana 9-11, tarisiro iyoyo yakaitika, kunyange nenzira yakanga isingatarisirwi zvachose. Chokwadi kuvhunduka kukuru.

Kuita kwacho kwakanga kwakaoma. Pakati pevakangwara, yaive yakawanda jingoist hysteria, asi izvo zvakajairika. Pavanhuwo zvavo, maitiro akasiyana-siyana. Kuvanhu vazhinji, yakanga iri “kumuka,” uko kwakatungamirira kukusununguka kukuru, kuva nehanya, kusava nechokwadi, uye kusabvumirana. Aya maitiro ane hutano, uye kunyangwe zvakaoma kuyera chiyero chavo, chokwadi chakakura.

5. Ndeapi maonero ako pamusoro peUS yakamirirwa kwenguva refu yegwaro remitemo yekupedza sei gakava rekuMiddle East?

Vagadziri vaGeorge Bush vakagadzira zvakatevedzana izvo zvavanoziva kuti maPalestine haagone kuzadzisa. Vaida kuti pasi pekutorwa kwemauto nehutsinye uye nehutsinye, Palestine yave Sweden, ichidzidza nzira dzedemocracy kubva kuSaudi Arabia neEgypt (ndizvo zvinorehwa nemashoko akataurwa nemutungamiri wenyika). Vanofanirwa kuita sarudzo dzakasununguka, dzavanosarudza munhu achasarudzwa neUS. Kana vakatadza mamiriro aya, US icharamba ichipa rutsigiro rwakakura kutyisa kunoitwa nemukuru "murume werunyararo," Ariel Sharon, uye US icharamba ichirambidza kubvumirana kwepasirese pakugadzirisa zvematongerwo enyika, sezvazvave kuita. kwemakore 25. Kana vanhu vekuPalestine vaizosangana nemamiriro eUS, saka vaizobvumidzwa kufungisisa nezve "chiratidzo" chaGeorge Bush chenyika inozoitika yePalestine, kumwe kunhu: pamwe mugwenga reArabia, sekutaura kwaita House Majority Dick Armey. Nekutarisisa nemoyo mune remangwana nemuono wakanaka uyu, Bush anosvika (kubva pasi) mwero wehunhu hwevanyanyisi veApartheid makore makumi mana apfuura. Havana kungove ne "chiratidzo" chenyika dzeBlack-run, asi vakanyatsoita chiono chavo, vachitovapa rutsigiro rwehupfumi.

KuIsrael, Bush inodaidzira kuti "chando" pakugara - nekuchonya kweziso. Wese munhu anoziva nezvemusoro wenyaya anoziva kuti nzvimbo dzekugara dzinogona "kuomeswa nechando" asi zvakadaro dzichikura pasina kuvhiringika, kuburikidza nemudziyo unonzi "kukura kwechisikigo."

Muchidimbu, US icharamba ichienderera mberi nechinangwa cheOslo process: kugadzira "permanent neocolonial dependency" yePalestine (mumashoko eMutungamiriri weBaraki mukuru wenhaurirano paCamp David makore maviri apfuura, achimiririra chinzvimbo chenjiva. ) Kupokana kweMiddle East kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nechisimba, kwete diplomacy, maererano nemafungiro aya akareba.

6. Ndeupi mugumisiro wekudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose?

Izwi rekuti "globalization" rinoshandiswa nenzvimbo dzemagetsi kureva nzira chaiyo yekubatanidzwa kwehupfumi hwenyika iyo yakatangwa mukati me "neoliberal" yemakumi emakore apfuura. Kukanganisa kweiyi vhezheni yekodzero dzevadzvanyiriri yekudyidzana kwepasi rose kuri pachena. Zvinenge zvese macroeconomic zviratidzo zvadzikira pasi rese: mwero wekukura kwehupfumi, wekubudirira, wekudyara mari, kunyangwe kutengeserana. Pane kunze: kureva, nyika dzisina kutevedzera mitemo, seChina. Kazhinji, matunhu aitevera mitemo mune zvechitendero, seLatin America, aive nezvinyorwa zvakaipisisa. MuUS, zvinopesana nezvakawanda zvaitaurwa, nguva iyi yaive yekukura zvishoma nezvishoma kana ichienzaniswa nemakumi emakore apfuura, zvakare yakarerekera kumatunhu akapfuma kwazvo ehuwandu. Vazhinji vakatambura kusamira kana kuderera. Zviratidziro zvemagariro zvakadzikirawo zvishoma nezvishoma mukusiyana nemakore apfuura, pavakateedzera kukura.

Kazhinji, kukanganisa kwacho kwaive kunenge kwaifungidzirwa. Nzira iyi yakabudirira zvikuru kune avo vakaigadzira, hazvishamisi: kune izvo zvikamu zvinonzi "vatenzi venyika" nevepasi rose bhizinesi rekudhinda, nekungobata-bata. Kune vamwe, kukanganisa kwave kwakasanganiswa, kazhinji kusuruvara. Asi zvinoitika kwavari zvinongoitika: marongero haana kugadzirwa kuti vabatsirwe.

7. Mune mazano here ekutanga chirongwa chekurwisa kudyidzana kwenyika pasina rubatsiro rwemhirizhonga?

"Anti-globalization" ishoko reparaganda rakagadzirwa nevamiriri veimwe shanduro yekodzero dzevasima mari yekubatanidzwa kwenyika dzese. Hapana munhu ane njere anopesana nekudyidzana kwepasirese, zvirokwazvo kwete kuruboshwe kana masangano evashandi, ayo akavakirwa pakuzvipira kune kubatana kwenyika dzese - ndiko kuti, chimiro chekudyidzana kwepasirese kune chekuita nekodzero uye zvinodiwa nevanhu, kwete mari yega. Kana iri basa rechisimba, "globalization" yepamutemo inovimba zvakanyanya pairi: izvo zvinofanirwa kuve pachena pasina kutaura. Asi ini handioni chikonzero nei vanhu-vanonangana nekudyidzana kwepasirese mafambiro (anonzi "anti-globalization" mupropaganda system) anofanirwa kudaro; pane kudaro, mazano akadaro haana chikonzero uye anoderedza zvinangwa zvemafambiro. Nzira dzakakodzera dzekuenderera mberi ndidzo dzakashandiswa kwemazana emakore muhondo dzakakurumbira dzerunyararo, kururamisira, uye kodzero dzevanhu. Tose tinoziva zvavari. Hapana makiyi emashiripiti. Vanoda dzidzo yevarwere, sangano, kana zvichibvira uye zvakakodzera chiito chakananga - semuenzaniso, muzviito zveLandless Workers Movement muBrazil, chimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha zvemarudzi epasi rose-kufamba kwepasi rose. Iko hakuna mitemo yakajairika, chete mazano chaiwo zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvinangwa. Kumwe kutaura kunokurudzira zvikuru kwemafambiro akakurumbira anotsigira nzira yevanhu yokudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose iWorld Social Forum iyo yakasangana kaviri muPorto Alegre, Brazil, zvichida ichidyara mhodzi dzeMarudzi okutanga echokwadi, munhu angatarisira.

8. Iwe unofunga kuti kukanganisa kwezvematongerwo enyika kweUS corporate, accounting scandals kuchavei? Une hanya nazvo here?

Ivo vangangotungamira kune kumwe kudzoreredzwa kweiyo lunatic vhezheni yemisika iyo yakatemerwa neakanyanya reactionaries mumakore achangopfuura. Pane kukanganisa kwakakomba kuvashandi vakarasikirwa nemabasa avo nepenjeni, uye kune vamwe vazhinji, asi upfumi nesimba zvichanyanya kupukunyuka zvisina kukuvadzwa, kunyange kupfumiswa, sezvakatoitika kune vazhinji veavo vanotungamira. Ini ndinokahadzika kuti kuchave nekukanganisa kwenguva refu kupfuura kudzoka kune zvimwe zvezvigadziriso zvakabviswa, zvinofanotaurwa zvichitungamira kunjodzi, sezvakaitika kare.

9. Unofungei nezvekuumbwa kweEuro-mauto?

Europe haisi pasi pekutyisidzira kwemauto kwakakomba, saka mauto eEuro haafanire kuve nechekuita mukudzivirira (kunyangwe zvese zvinoitwa nemauto zvinonzi "kudzivirira," kazhinji). Tinofanira kubvunza, ipapoka, kuti ndeapi mabasa achagoverwa kwairi. Munyika isina kukwana, munhu anogona kufunga nezvemamwe mabasa ari pamutemo. Asi avo vane ziso panhau vachatarisira chimwe chinhu chakasiyana, uye chisingafadzi zvikuru kufungisisa. Izvi zvinokonzeresa, zvisinei, munzvimbo yesarudzo, uye zvichipihwa hunhu hune hutongi hwejekerere hwevanhu vekuMadokero, sarudzo dzinogona kunge dziri mumaoko everuzhinji vane hanya, kunyangwe zvishoma.

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