Kune avo vakashanda kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri kuvaka iro rinoonekwa sebato guru rekuruboshwe pasi rose, hurumende itsva yeLula muBrazil iri kungoshungurudza.
Sezvo hurumende itsva yeBrazil inopedza mwedzi mitanhatu, vavhoti vazhinji vanonzwa kurasiswa nePT, Workers' Party. Nekudaro, mamwe eanokatyamadza marongero ekuchengetedza akaziviswa zvakajeka panguva yesarudzo kunyangwe vavhoti vazhinji vekuruboshwe havana kuita hanya nazvo, pamwe vachitarisira kuti kuchengetedzeka kwavo kwaingova kutaura uye kuti tsika yebato yekusiya yaizokunda iyo itsva pragmatic neoliberal. trend. Sezvineiwo handizvo zvakaitika.
Yakanyanya Conservative kupfuura Conservatives
Iyo PT izhinji yakasara bato ine akati wandei mukati mayo maitiro, kubva kumagariro-democratic kusvika kune trotskyists. Iyo inotungamira maitiro nhasi ndiyo yakanyanya mwero uye ine nzwisiso yekuti izvozvi muBrazil kuruboshwe uye vashandi havana simba rekuchinja zvakanyanya, saka zano ravo nderekuita shanduko shoma nechinangwa chekubatanidza nekuvandudza hupfumi uye hupfumi. mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika evashandi saka mune ramangwana shanduko dzakasimba dzinogona kuitwa. Vanonzwisisa kuti Brazil inotsamira pakudyara kwekunze (kuzhinji kwacho kwekufungidzira) uye kuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoisa miganhu kune kunyange nyoro shanduko. Tichifunga izvozvo basa rekutanga raive rekudzikamisa misika uye kuwana chivimbo chevanoisa mari kunze kwenyika. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo PT yaifanira kutora hurongwa hwekuchengetedza zvakanyanya sekuratidza kune vekunze vanoisa mari kuti vaive "vakakomba".
Chaizvoizvo, kumanikidzwa kubva kumusika kwakatanga gore rapfuura. Munguva yesarudzo, maonero ekukunda kwePT akakonzera kusagadzikana mumusika uye chikwereti chitsva cheIMF chaifanira kurongwa kuti kuderedze kuvimba nemari yekufungidzira uye kupfavisa dambudziko. Saka hurumende neIMF vakagadzira chikwereti chihombe chemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi matatu nemazana mana (30.4 bhiriyoni) chaifanira kusainwa kwete chete nehurumende ine hofisi yaipera basa, asiwo nevaikwikwidza vakuru vanga vachimhanya, kusanganisira Lula. Saka, asati anyatsohwina sarudzo, Lula akazvipira kuIMF nematongerwo ayo ezvehupfumi hwepamusoro.
IMF Yakaisa Shanduko neMitemo
IInternational Monetary Fund inoisa mitemo yechokwadi kunyika dzine urombo nekugadzira zvisungo zvekupa zvikwereti. Hurumende yakapfuura yeBrazil naLula semumiriri vakabvuma zvisungo zvakati kuti pachikwereti chemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi matatu zvinosanganisira kuzvipira kuchengetedza mari yakawandisa (kubhadhara chikwereti cheveruzhinji) uye kuzvipira kuita shanduko dzemitero nepenjeni kuti dzideredze mari dzehurumende uye “kuwedzera kusanduka kwebhajeti rehurumende”.
Kudiwa kwekuwana kuvimba kubva kumisika kwakaita kuti Lula akwire achizvidira iyo yekutanga yakasara pamusoro pemutengo wakagadzwa neIMF kubva pa3.75% kusvika 4.25% yeGPD. Ndiyo imwezve 0.5% yeGPD yenyika iyo yaifanirwa kushandiswa nenyaya dzemagariro uye vari kubhadhara mabhangi kuvimbisa kuvimba kwemisika!
Kunze kwaizvozvo, mune mamwe matsamba echinangwa kuIMF, Lula akazvipira kuita mitero uye shanduko yepenjeni. Kuvandudzwa kwepenjeni kwave kuda kuvhoterwa mudare reCongress uye kwaisa vashandi vanodarika zviuru mazana mana muhurumende kuti varamwe mabasa. Shanduko iyi inobvisa kodzero dzevashandi, ichiwedzera makore ekuenda pamudyandigere uye kubhadharisa mutero uye kuderedza muripo wevashandi vakasiya basa. Nepo vashandi vachirwisa shanduko yemudyandigere, shanduko yemutero inotumirwa kuCongress isingaonekwe. Shanduko iyi inochinja zvakanyanya chimiro chemutero wenyika uye sezvinodiwa neIMF ine chinangwa chekuwedzera kuchinjika kwebhajeti kuitira kuderedza mari yakarongerwa kugarisana.
Social Movements
Kunyange hurumende ichichengeta neoliberal ajenda, masangano emagariro anoedza kuramba. Vanosvika zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana zvevashandi mubazi rehurumende vari kuramwa mabasa zvisinei nekufambiswa kwemashoko ehurumende vachiti kodzero dzavo ndedze “ropafadzo”. Kunze kwevashandi vehurumende, vashandi vasina pekugara uye vasina pekugara vari kunetsekawo. Mamiriro ezvinhu kumaruwa akanyanya kunetsa uye vezvenhau vemakambani vari kuita ruzha rwakanyanya kubva mumabasa anoitwa nemafambisirwo emagariro, kunyanya MST.
The MST, the Landless Workers Movement isangano rinorwira kuvandudzwa kwezvekurima kuburikidza nekuita zvakananga. MST inotsvaga nekutora ivhu risingashandiswe uye inomanikidza hurumende kuti itore iyo kuitira shanduko yezvekurima. Ishungu dzevaridzi veminda vanochengeta ivhu kuti vafungidzire. Sezvo mabasa akawedzera mumwedzi miviri yadarika, varidzi veminda vakaumba mauto kurwisa MST (vanhu makumi mana nevatatu vakafa mumhirizhonga yekumaruwa gore rapfuura) uye vezvenhau vakanyanya kuita chirongwa chakasimba chekupara mhosva vachiti zviito zveMST zvinotyora mutemo uye zvinokuvadza nyika yegutsaruzhinji. Hurumende yakapinda muhurukuro iyi zvakasimba ichiti haisi kuzomisa mapoka anotyora mutemo.
Mumaguta, mapoka akati wandei akashandisawo mabasa kumanikidza hurumende kuti ipe vanhu vasina pekugara. Musi waChikunguru 18, mazana matatu evashandi vakakwesha nzvimbo yakakura yemaeka makumi mana nembiri yemudhorobha ine kambani yemotokari yeGerman Volkswagen. Gare gare vhiki iyoyo, vanenge zviuru zvinomwe vashandi vasina pokugara vakabatana navo. Nzvimbo iyi yaimbove ivhu reveruzhinji rakapihwa nehurumende yemubatanidzwa kumakambani kuti agadzire mabasa muma42s. Kwemakore mana adarika ivhu rine Volkswagen ranga risisashandiswe uye kwete nzvimbo chete yanga isingaite chero basa, asi Volkswagen pachayo yanga yakatarisana nekuramwa mabasa nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwemabasa mufekitori yayo.
Basa raani?
Nhepfenyuro dzemakambani dzakashandura zviito zvevashandi vasina pekugara uye vasina minda kuita dambudziko rakakura remagariro. Izvi zvave kumanikidza hurumende kuti itaure kakawanda ichiti masangano haafanire kushandisa nzira dzinotyora mutemo uye kuti hunyanzvi hwavo huri kuvharira hurongwa hwavo hwekuruboshwe. Sekureva kwehurumende yeLula, mafambiro ese anofanirwa kuita kumirira.
Kana yatarisana nedzvinyiriro imwe chete kubva kuvapfumi nevane simba uye nemasangano emagariro, hurumende yakagara ichitsigira mamiriro ezvinhu. Izvi hazvina kuitika chete nevashandi vehurumende, vashandi vasina nzvimbo uye vasina pokugara asi nemapoka evatengi vachipikisa kukwira kwechisimba kwezvikwereti nemakambani emagetsi nefoni; mamwe mapoka enhau anopikisa kuvharwa kwezviuru zviviri zveredhiyo dzemahara uye dzenharaunda nerutsigiro rwemakambani enhau nemapoka evatengi neecology vachitsutsumwa nekunyoreswa zviri pamutemo kwezvirimwa zvakagadziridzwa nerutsigiro rweMonsanto nevarimi vakuru. Zvese izvi zvinonzi zvakaitwa kuti zvematongerwo enyika zvigadzikane uye chivimbo chemisika.
Makakatanwa iwayo ari kudzidzisa masangano evanhu kuti anofanira kuita zvakagara zvichiitwa nevapfumi nevane simba kuti varambe vaine simba: kumanikidzana. Zvishoma nezvishoma, vari kudzidza kuti kungovaka bato rezvematongerwo enyika uye kuriisa musimba haisi mhinduro yakavimbiswa kumatambudziko edu uye kuti pasina kurudziro ine simba yeruzhinji rwevanhu hatizombowana shanduko huru yatinoshuvira.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta