nepo
Zvichida imhaka yekuti, maererano ne
Mukana waMcCain Chete: Values-plus Voters
Pundits uye vatsigiri vanopikisa hondo mu
Chaizvoizvo, iyo
Mushandirapamwe weMcCain unogara uchiratidzira chiitiko chemurume wake chinobatika pamoyo: makore ake ehusungwa
McCain aidavira mune โrumwe rudzi rworudo,โ munyori anotsanangura kudaro, rudo runoisa โnyika nevanhu vayo pamberi pavo.โ Ah, iwo mahippie ane hudyire, achiri kuhwina mavhoti eRepublicans - kana saka McCain's strategists anotarisira.
Obama anobvuma kuti zvinofananidzira zvinoreva
Obama ari kutaura chokwadi. Dzinonzi hondo dzetsika dzakabva panhau dzenzanga dzichienda kuhondo, ugandanga, uye chengeteko yenyika. Huwandu hwevavhoti vangango vhota vanoti kodzero dzekubvisa pamuviri kana ngochani sechinzvimbo chavo chikuru havachanyanyi kudarika 5%; mune dzimwe sarudzo inowira pedyo ne zero. Zvichakadaro, maRepublicans zvakapetwa kapfumbamwe semaDemocrats, uye zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kupfuura vakazvimiririra, kuisa hugandanga kumusoro kana padyo pamusoro peiyo inonyanya kukosha rondedzero. Uye vavhoti veRepublican vanogona kubvumirana naMcCain izvo
Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinotiudza, zvisinei, kuti "hondo dzetsika" dzinokurudzirwa zvakasimba nevanochengetedza utsi uye magirazi. Pasinei nezvingataurwa nenyanzvi dzezvenhau, veruzhinji vakadaro kwete akakamurwa kuva maviri monolithic tsika makambi. Vavhoti havatarisike zvishoma pane izvozvo. Uye vashoma vanorega nyaya dzehukoshi dzichiwedzera matambudziko avo ekukurumidza - kunyanya ehupfumi - pavanopinda munzvimbo yekuvhota. Simba ramasimba ose re "values โโvoters" monolithic ingano yakatangwa nevezvenhau.
Asi, iyo "tsika yehondo" nyaya haingoiti nharo chete pamusoro pehondo
Saka ane mukana wakadii chaizvo? Panguva ino, zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zveavo vanoti vanovimba naye zvakanyanya
Vanonyanya kuvhota ndivo 10% kusvika 20% vanoda kuti mauto abude
McCain anogona kupenengura sarudzo kana mushandirapamwe wake unokwanisa chete kuvagutsa zvakakwana kuti vavhote nemoyo yavo, kana matumbo avo, kune "ane ruzivo" gamba rehondo yeVietnam, chiratidzo chehondo isingaperi yekurwisana ne "Sixties values." Saka iye nevanomubatira vanongoda kushandura mushandirapamwe kuita mutambo wakapfava wehunhu: Makumi matanhatu tsika - kana chengetedzo yenyika neyako? Tora sarudzo yako.
Obama's American Values
Ko iyo "tsika" script ingagone kusarudzwa neRepublican, kunyangwe kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kwakaitwa nemaRepublicans - uye nevanovhota vachivapomera mhosva - mumakore masere apfuura? Vazhinji maDemocrats sezviri pachena vanofunga kuti zvingaite. Vanotya, anodaro Senator Russ Feingold, kuti "veRepublicans vachakuparadzanisa" kana iwe uchitaridzika wakaneta uye wakapfava. Ndosaka Democratic Congress, isina simba uye zvinyoro nyoro, ichiramba ichipa hutongi hweBush hunenge hwese hwainoda kana zvasvika pakupa mari kuhondo.
Mushandirapamwe waObama unocherekedza yakakura "values" furemu inoshanda pano. Tarisa rokutengesa vashandi vayo vakaita kuti vatange hurongwa hwesarudzo huru. Mariri, VaObama havataure kana izwi nezvenyaya. Anotanga nekutaura: "
Uye iyo "yakasimba kukosha" iyo yekutengesa touts haisi iyo yakamuhwina iye kusarudzwa zvakare. Kwete nekupfura kwenguva refu. Hapana chauchawana nezve "shanduko" kana "tariro" ipapo. Ndezvekubatisisa zvakapfuura. Uyewo hapana chinhu pamusoro pekubatana kwenharaunda kubatsira vanoshaya. "Tsika dzakasimba" dzeAmerica - "kubva kuKansas heartland" - "kuzvidavirira uye kuzviriritira ... Kushanda nesimba pasina kupa zvikonzero." Iwe uri wega. Zvose ndezvekuzvisarudzira nguva dzose.
Sandwiched pakati pekuzvimirira uye kushanda nesimba ndiyo yega kukosha kwenharaunda iyo sezviri pachena inoverengera: "kuda nyika."
Obama yechipiri ad (izvo Newsweek inotsanangurwa se "zvikuru 30-second version" yekutanga) inoratidzira mifananidzo yemunhu anenge asarudzwa achibata noushamwari vashandi vane heti dzakaoma uye vane bvudzi-mambure, vose vane makwinya epakati, makora ebhuruu, uye matehwe machena. Vese kushambadzira vakamhanya munzvimbo nomwe dzechivanhu dzeRepublican pamwe nematunhu gumi nerimwe ekuswing. Pavakaburitswa, VaObama vakapa hurukuro huru dzinotsigira kuda nyika uye zvirongwa zvekutenda.
Semumiriri weRepublican Alex Castellanos chiisei, mushandirapamwe waObama wakaita "kusvetuka zvine hutsinye mumutsara wemayadhi makumi mashanu kutamba paRepublican turf." Vasati vatumira murume wavo kutenderera pasirese kuti atarise nezvehondo uye mutemo wekunze, kusangana nemauto muAfghanistan neGeneral Petraeus muBaghdad, vakanzwa kuti vaifanira kuvimbisa "Kansas heartland" kuti anogovera hunhu hwechokwadi hweAmerica.
Uye vagadziri vemeseji yaObama vanoziva pari nhema "nyika" yengano: kwete muKansas, Dorothy, asi mumugwagwa weyero wezvidhinha unoenda kune yakapfuura inofungidzira. America yakabatanidzwa mukushambadzira kwake ingano yaNorman Rockwell iyo mamirioni achiri kushuvira kuti dai vagara mairi nekuti vanonzwa kushatirwa (sezvakataurwa naObama zvisina mbiri) nenyika inoratidzika kunge isingachadzoreki. Ivo vanosarudza yekufungidzira vhezheni yeAmerica yakapfuura uko vazhinji, avo zvino vanonzwa vasina simba, fungidzira kuti vangangove vakakwanisa kuumba kwavo mafambiro.
Zvichida vakaora mwoyo vanonamatira ku "pfuti kana chitendero kana kusafarira kune vanhu vasina kufanana navo kana manzwiro ekurwisana nevanoenda kune dzimwe nyika kana kupesana kwekutengeserana," saObama. Yakataurwa. Asi vapfuri vake vanoziva kuti vanonamatira zvakanyanya kukunyepedzera kwekare kwakachengeteka, apo (vanofungidzira) munhu wese anogona kuvimba nemitsara yakajeka, isingapindike - pakati pemarudzi nevarume, pakati pevanhu vanokwikwidzana pamusika, pakati pemunhu ane hunhu uye. miyedzo yenyama, pakati peUS nedzimwe nyika, pakati pebudiriro nevavengi vaizoiparadza.
Miganhu iyi yose inonongedzera kuchinhu chikuru pane yose: muganhu wetsika pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa. McCain naObama vari kukwezva mamirioni anofungidzira mukaha uripo pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, vanoziva kuti chakanaka chiri papi (nguva dzose "chakagadzirwa muAmerica"), uye vanoda mutungamiri mira pamusoro pezvakaipa zvisinei nemutengo. Vanoda, muchidimbu, nyika iyo munhu wese anoziva nzvimbo yake uye anochengeta kwairi, uye uko hondo, kana dzichifanira kurwiwa, dzinogona kunge dzichiri "dzakanaka" uye maAmerican anogona kuramba achikunda nguva dzese.
MaRepublicans ane kodhi izwi rekare renhema: "chiitiko." Chinyorwa chavo che "Sixties versus security" chinopa sarudzo yakaoma: Mumiriri anofananidzira kuyambuka miganhu, kunyanya mutsara werudzi rweAmerica, achipesana nemumiriri ane "ruzivo" uye nhoroondo yeupenyu hwengano zvakavakwa pamutsara wakafanana nemutemo wake weIraq. : "Hapana kuzvipira."
Mushandirapamwe weMcCain hausi wemitemo inogona kuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwenyika nekusvika nekuita shamwari itsva. Zviri pamusoro pemurume anogona kupa kunzwa kwekuchengetedzeka kwepfungwa nekumira akasimba achipikisa yekare uye itsva Vavengi.
The Media's "Ordinary American"
Ndiani angasarudza kuchengeteka mupfungwa pane kuchengeteka chaiko? Vezvenhau vemazuva ese vane mhinduro: "yakajairika American." Ikozvino "values โโvoter" yesarudzo ya2004 yanyangarika zvakanyanya, vezvenhau vauya nemunhu mutsva uyu segamba rengano wenyaya yavo yegore resarudzo.
Zvakatanga, hongu, nekudzoka kwekutanga kwaHillary Clinton - kunoratidzwa sekumukira kweavo "vanhuwo zvavo," vangangove vakambove Reagan Democrats (uye vangangove McCain Democrats munguva pfupi), vachipesana ne "elitists" - kana zvakadaro vezvenhau. nyaya yakaenda. Iye ane mukurumbira "kufona na3 AM" ad vakakurudzira kuti "vanhuwo zvavo" vanokoshesa mutungamiri akaoma zvakakwana kuchengetedza vana vavo. Semurume wake akambo chiisei: "Apo vanhu vanonzwa vasina chokwadi, vangada kuva nemumwe munhu akasimba uye asina kururama pane munhu asina simba uye akarurama."
Iye zvino "elitist" Obama achiri ne "kunetseka kwakanyanya," maererano ne Washington Post's mutori wenhau wezvematongerwo enyika Dan Balz: "Vavhoti havazivi kana achigoverana tsika nezvitendero zvevanhuwo zvavo vekuAmerica."
Shamwari yaBalz, Post mutsoropodzi wenhau Howard Kurtz, yakadana yechipiri Obama yekutengesa "White Working-Class Pitch" yakagadzirirwa kuratidza kuti Obama ari "kudivi revashandi vepakati." The Nyaya yeNew York Times Jeff Zeleny akatsinhira maonero iwayo: "Rimwe rematambudziko ake ari kunetsa ndere kuvimbisa vavhoti kuti ndiye mumwe wavo."
Vepakati uye kunyangwe vezvenhau vakabatikana sevanochengetedza vachiparadzira pfungwa yekuti, kuti uve mumwe weavhareji, vanhuwo zvavo vekuAmerica, unofanirwa kupa mubairo (vachena) hutsika hwevashandi hunoonekwa se "Republican turf" kubva mukupera kwema1960s: kuzvimiririra, kuzvida. -kuvimba, kushanda nesimba kune "zvine mwero" (zvinoreva kumira kana kudonha) mubairo, kutenda, uye kuda nyika kwakasimba kwazvo zvekuti hauzombokanda mapfumo pasi.
The American Everyman, gamba renhau renhau yegore rino, mushandi anobhadharwa mari shoma anogona kuvhota Republican achipesana nezvido zvake zvehupfumi, uye kazhinji achipesana nezvido zvevadikani vanotarisira kudzoka kumba vari vapenyu kubva kuIraq kana Afghanistan. .
Zvakadini nevaya vese veDemocrat vakavhotera Obama nekuti akapa chiratidzo chezvematongerwo enyika nyowani, nzira yekubuda muIraq, uye nzira nyowani yeUnited States? Zvakadiniko naavo vose vanotambira mari yakawandisa kana kuti shoma zvikuru, kana kuti vane dzidzo yakawandisa kana kuti shomanene, kana kuti ruvara rusina kururama rweganda, kuti vave rutivi rweboka ravachena vanoshanda? Sezviri pachena, vose vanoshamisa vokuAmerica; "kunze kweruzhinji," sekutaura kunoita vaongorori vezvenhau dzimwe nguva. Vanogona kumiririra ruzhinji rwevavhoti, asi havaverenge nenzira imwechete. Havaenderane nechirongwa chegore rino.
Zvechokwadi zvinogona kuitika kuti yekare melodrama ye "ane ruzivo" gamba reVietnam rinopesana ne "zhizha rerudo" harichakweveri vazhinji vevateereri, kunyange nemakwikwi ose uye nhepfenyuro yemazuva ano yakatarisa pairi. Hazvina mhosva kuti zvinhu zvakamira sei paZuva reSarudzo, zvave kutanga kuita sekunge mukundi mukuru achave - zvakare - ave anochengetedza "hondo yetsika" iyo yakatonga hurukuro yedu yezvematongerwo enyika, neimwe nzira, kwemakumi mana emakore ikozvino. . NaObama naClintons vachizvitsigira, ndiani achamira achipokana nazvo?
Nezveramangwana rinofanoona, gakava pamusoro petsika dzetsika dzichaitwa zvakasimba pamusoro penzvimbo yekufananidzira yehondo uye nyaya dzekuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Hondo dzezve-chaiwo-chaiwo-dzekune dzimwe nyika dzicharamba dzakavharika nenhandare dzehondo dzetsika kumba uye neaya asingagumi "tsika dzeAmerica" โโdzakaiswa mufungidziro yeruzhinji. Izvo zvine simba zvakanyanya ngano - uye yakanyanya kunaka nyaya yesarudzo - kuti iende chero nguva munguva pfupi.
Kugadzira Nyaya Itsva
Asi hapana mutemo wechisikigo unoti "wakajairika American," chena anoshanda boka kana neimwe nzira, fanira koshesa kuzvimiririra, kuzvivimba, kuda nyika, uye magamba ehondo uchibata chero kukosha kwakambobatanidzwa nema1960 sechikamu chenzira yekutanga yekusagadzikana kwevanhu. Muchokwadi, hongu, iyo "yakajairika yeAmerica" โโchisikwa chekuchinja-tsika-tsika mafungu, anogara achigadzirwazve.
Asi ma1960s inoramba iri nguva yakakosha - kwete nekuti ndipo paya pakasununguka, anti-war America yakanyanya kumira kuita hanya zvakanyanya nezve zvinonetsa uye hunhu hwevachena vanoshanda. Vashandi ivavo vaionekwa sevanhu vasinganzwisisiki zvachose, muvengi zvakanyanya. MaRiberals haana kufunga nezvedzimwe rondedzero dzeAmerica dzinogona kuve dzakareva mubato rezvematongerwo enyika. Zvino, vanokohwa goho rekuregeredza kwavo.
Hazvibatsire kunyunyuta nezve "spineless Democrats" vasingaise panjodzi basa ravo rezvematongerwo enyika nekukanda mavhoti akashinga kurwa hondo. Basa ravo nderekukunda musarudzo. Uye unoenda kuhondo yezvematongerwo enyika nevavhoti vaunavo. Kana vavhoti vakawandisa vachiri vakavharirwa mune zvakapfava zvekuda nyika uye kuchengetedzeka kwenyika kwakagadzirwa makore makumi mana apfuura - kana kana uchitya ivo - imhaka yekuti hapana akavapa imwe inoyevedza imwe rondedzero inoenderana nezvinodiwa netsika dzavo.
Hazvibatsiri kunyunyuta kuti maonero akadaro eboka revashandi haana musoro kana kuti upenzi kana kuti kuzviparadza. Chero bedzi vanofambira mberi vachiramba vachibata "vanhuwo zvavo vekuAmerica" โโsemapenzi uye vasina basa, vanofambira mberi vanozozviwana vasina basa mune zvematongerwo enyika eUS. Uye izvo zvakapusa, nekuti hazvifanirwe kunge zvakadaro.
Chii chingaitwa kushandura mufananidzo uyu? Chokwadi uye zvine musoro hazviwanzo kukwana, mazviri, kunyengetedza vanhu kuti vasiye tsika dzenganonyorwa dzakaronga hupenyu hwavo. Vachasiya imwe rondedzero chete kana imwe yauya iyo inogutsa zvakanyanya.
MaDemocrat akatanga kutsvaga rondedzero itsva mushure mesarudzo dzemuna 2004, apo vezvenhau vakavaudza kuti "vavhoti vanokoshesa" vaitonga uye vainyanya kufunga nezvechitendero. Zvakaguma nei? MaDemocrats, mamwe acho anofambira mberi, ari kugadzira mafaera ekutenda anotendeseka emashoko avo ezvematongerwo enyika.
Hazvina mhosva kuti ndiani anokunda musarudzo dzegore rino, kuwanda kwenyaya yevavhoti "yekuAmerica" โโkunofanirwa kunge kuri kumuka kunobatsira: Inguva yekuita chimwe chinhu chakafanana pamwero wakakura. Gore rino resarudzo rinopa mukana wakakoshesesa wekutanga kubata zvimwe zvinoomesesa zvevanhu vekuAmerica vanochengetedza tsika nemagariro. Vakashongedzerwa nekunzwisisa kwakadzama, vanofambira mberi vanogona kuronga zvirongwa zvavo zvehutongi hwehupfumi uye kusiyana kwetsika mukati mezvinyorwa zvitsva nezvekuchengetedza, patriotism, ugamba, uye dzimwe tsika dzechinyakare dzeAmerica.
Izvozvo zvinoda kushanda nesimba. Asi zvichatora simba rakawanda kudzivirira kukunda kunotevera kweRepublican - kana hondo inotevera - kana purojekiti yekugadzira nyowani, rondedzero inonakidza ikaramba isingatariswe.
Ira Chernus ndiye Purofesa weZvidzidzo zveChitendero paYunivhesiti yeColorado kuBoulder uye munyori we Zvikara Zvekuparadza: Iyo Neoconservative Hondo paKutyisa uye Chivi. email address yake inoti: [email inodzivirirwa].
[Chinyorwa ichi chakatanga kubuda Tomdispatch.com, weblog yeNational Institute, inopa kuyerera kwakadzikama kwemamwe masosi, nhau, uye maonero kubva kuna Tom Engelhardt, mupepeti wenguva refu mukutsikisa, co-muvambi we iyo American Empire ProjectMuvambi Mugumo Wekukunda Muitiro (Yunivhesiti yeMassachusetts Press), yakanyatsogadziridzwa mune ichangoburwa edition inofukidza Iraq, uye mupepeti uye anopa kune yekutanga yakanakisa yebhuku reTomdispatch, Nyika Maererano neTomdispatch: America muNew Age yeHumambo (Verso)]
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta