NATO yakataura kuti kupindira kwayo muLibya kwaive kubudirira kwenhoroondo. Asi makore matatu gare gare, Libya iri mumhirizhonga yakakwana. Mamwe mauto zana nemakumi manomwe ane huwandu hwakabatanidzwa hwe1700 varume vari pasi pezvombo. Kumwe kupindira kwekunze kunoratidzika sekwakakodzera kudzikamisa nyika. Asi iyo US neNATO haifanire kubatanidzwa
NHANGANYAYA
Vazhinji vevamiriri vekumavirira vakabvisa vashandi vavo kubva kuTripoli mumavhiki mashoma apfuura sezvo kurwisana pakati pevarwi vehondo vane zvombo kunokonzera dambudziko remhirizhonga, kusachengeteka uye rufu kumamiriyoni eRibhiya. United States yakashandisa kuvepo kwayo kwemauto muMediterranean kuperekedza vashandi vayo vemumiriri uye varindi veMarine kuti vafambe nemugwagwa kupera kwesvondo rapfuura kuenda kuTunisia. Kubviswa kwevamiriri vekumavirira vachisiya mamirioni evaLibya kumamiriro ezvinhu asina chokwadi kwaunza hukuru hweLibya hwenhandare yehondo kubva kuTripoli kuburikidza neBenghazi kuenda kuCairo, Alexandria neGaza uye kubva kuAleppo kuSyria kuenda kuMosul muIraq. Vaimbova mubatanidzwa weNATO vakaita seQatar, Turkey neSaudi Arabia vabatana nemapoka akasiyana ehondo yevagari veLibya. MuLibya, hondo uye kudeura ropa pakati peUS yakatsigira General Khalifah Hifter (dzimwe nguva inopereterwa Haftar) uye mauto anotsigirwa neQatar chiratidzo chimwe chevaimbova mubatanidzwa vari kudonha. Vagari vekuMadokero vane nzwisiso shoma yekudzika kwekutambudzika kwakaunzwa kuvanhu vekuNorth Africa, Palestine, Syria neIraq kubva United States neNATO zvakatanga hondo kurwisa vanhu vedunhu rino. Hondo dziri muLibya dziri kusangana nehondo yematsotsi kurwisa vanhu vePalestine, kunyanya vanhu veGaza.
Akanga ari makore matatu apfuura apo NATO yakazivisa kupera kwebasa reNATO, ichizivisa nenzwi guru kuti basa reNATO kuLibya rakanga riri โrimwe rerakabudirira zvikurusa munhau yeNATO.โ Pasinei nokuziviswa uku kwebudiriro kwakanga kune zviratidzo zvakajeka zvevakasara veNATO. NATO yakatsigira mauto ari kurwira kutonga kweLibya. Nhasi, kurwa uku kwaputira nzanga yese yeLibya zvekuti mauto akange atumirwa neNATO haachadzoreki asi vanopa mari mauto vakabatwa mumakakatanwa akakura pamusoro peramangwana reAfrica, Palestine neArabia Peninsula. . Kushevedzera kweUnited Nations uye kuti African Union ipindire muchiuto muLibya zvino inofanira kuperekedzwa nekudanwa kwekuona kuti hapana nhengo dzazvino dzeUN Security Council dzaive vatori vechikamu mukupindira kweNATO vanogona kuve chikamu cheuto reUN. demilitarize Libya kuti ibvise mauto kunze kwekutonga.
HONDO YEVAMWE ZVINO MULIBYA
Nhau dzehondo yevagari vemo muLibya inoramba ichivhiringa nekuti masangano enhau ekumadokero ane chido chekuchengeta nyaya dzisina kujeka kuitira kuti Libya isagadzikane uye iparadzwe. Kubva pakaparadzwa NATO yeLibya muna 2011 kwave nevanodarika zviuru makumi mashanu vekuLibya vakarasikirwa nehupenyu. Izvi zviri munharaunda umo United Nations yakanga yapinda nechisungo cheMutoro wekudzivirira. Panzvimbo pekuchengetedza vagari vekuLibya, mauto eNATO akauraya makumi ezviuru, akavaka mauto ndokuzosiya nyika iri pasi pemapoka akasiyana akaburitsa hutongi hwehugandanga munharaunda. Zvisinei nekuedza kwakanyanya kweUnited States'State Department neNATO kuunza inodaidzwa kuti 'shanduko' maitiro nemaitiro edemocracy tsika dzakadai sesarudzo, basa remauto rave riri chinhu chikuru chehondo nekuparadza. Pakauraiwa murwiri wekodzero dzevanhu muLibya Salwa Bugaighis muBenghazi mwedzi wapera, vese Samantha Powers (Mumiriri weUnited States kuUnited Nations) naHilary Clinton (aimbova Secretary of State) vakaburitsa zvirevo vachishora kupondwa kwake asi vaviri ava vagadziri vekuparadzwa kweLibya. kuramba vachipomedzerwa mhosva mudare revanhu nekuda kwemabasa avo mukugadzira moto uripo. Izvo zvakachengetwa kubva kuvagari vemuUSA ibasa remabhizinesi emari akadai seGoldman Sachs, Tradition Financial Services yeSwitzerland, French bank Sociรฉtรฉ Gรฉnรฉrale SA, hedge-fund femu Och-Ziff Capital Management Group uye yakazvimirira-equity femu Blackstone Group. mukubata kwavo neLibyan Investment Authority. Vane ruzivo rwakawanda vanozofanira kuverenga vezvenhau vezvemari kuti vatevedzere mhosva dzakawanda dziri kuenderera mberi mukuongororwa mukuferefeta kwakawanda kweUS neBritish huwori huri kuongorora hurefu hwakaenda mamwe mafemu ezvemari ekuMadokero kuti awane chidimbu chehupfumi hwemafuta eLibya. .
Kunyatsoongorora ongororo yazvino yeGoldman Sachs inobata neLibyan Investment Authority neUS Securities and Exchange Commission yekutyorwa kwemitemo yeAmerica inorwisa huwori kuchabatsira kujekesa mauto ane simba muUnited States akasunda hondo kurwisa. vanhu veLibya muna 2011. Nekuda kwehondo yeparaganda pamusoro pekurwisa hugandanga muAfrica, vagari vekumavirira havagone kunzwisisa zviri nyore kuti hurumende yeUnited States yakatsigira sei maJihadist muBenghazi. Kusvika pari zvino, US Congress yakavhiringa ruzivo nezvehukama huri pakati peCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA) nemapoka echiuto akanyanyisa nekuti vamiriri vakaita saCongressman Darrel Issa wekuCalifornia vanga vachigadzira nyonganiso nemaune kuti vavhare kuwirirana kwemauto eUS uye. masimba ehungwaru mukubata kwavo nemauto akanyanyisa.
Nguva nenguva veruzhinji veUS vanotsauswa kubva muhondo yevagari veUnited States ichiita kunge iri kuwedzera mabasa ekutora 'magandanga' akadai saAhmed Abu Khattala (muna 2014) nekuda kwekuuraya kwevakuru veUS muBenghazi) kana kutorwa kwaAbu Anas al- Libi muna 2013. Zvisinei, kumonyoroka uye kutendeuka kwedandemutande reuchenjeri hwekumadokero nekushanda kwemauto muNorth Africa kwakauya mukubatanidzwa kwakazara nehondo yakafara pamusoro pevanhu vePalestine neNorth Africa. General Hifter parizvino anomiririra ruzhinji rwemauto anotsigirwa neUS kumadokero kwehondo dziripo kuNorth Africa.
UNITED STATES UYE GENERAL HIFTER
NATO payakapindira muLibya, maNorth Atlantic mauto aiedza rudzi rutsva rwehondo nekuti vagari vekuMadokero vanga vachipokana nekupindira kwakavakirwa pakuunganidza uye kuratidzira kwerunyararo nerunyararo. Kuitira kuti kupindira kweNATO kugamuchirwe nevagari vemuUS, hutungamiriri hwaObama hwakati hapazotumirwa mauto makuru, kunyangwe kutanga kwechirongwa ichi US Africa Command yaive ichitora mbiri nekuda kweNATO Operation. Hondo yerudzi urwu yakaenda kureba kudzivirira kutumirwa kwemauto epasi kubva kuUSA kana vamwe vapambi veNATO; pachinzvimbo paive nekuvimba nekubhomba kusingagumi kubva kumhepo, kutumirwa kwemauto ane zvombo, kuunganidzwa kwenyika dzechitatu (munyaya iyi Qatar), kuunganidzwa kweSpecial Forces uye kushandiswa kwenhau dzekumavirira kwekusaziva, propaganda uye hondo yepfungwa. NATO payakazivisa kuti basa rayo rakabudirira chaive chikamu chegakava remukati mukati memikoto yevarwi nekuti sezvatakadzidza kubva mubhuku, 'Basa: Memoirs yeMunyori weHondo,' neaimbova Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates, pakanga paine. kupatsanurana kwakadzika pamusoro pekupomerwa kweNATO bhomba uye kuparadzwa kweLibhiya. Nemeso ake panhoroondo, Robert Gates akati akange ave kuda kusiya chigaro pamusoro pekupindira nehondo yeNATO muLibya.
Iye zvino nyika yave kuona kudzokororwa kwakazara kwehondo iyi neLibya nerufu rwaJohn Christopher Stevens (aimbova mumiriri weUS) muBenghazi uye nekubviswa kwazvino kwemishoni yeUS kubva kuTripoli, zvinodzidzisa kubata basa revamwe Mauto anotsigira eUS akadai saGeneral Khalifah Hifter. (Ona Russ Baker (Kubvumbi 22, 2011). "General Khalifa Hifter Murume weCIA muLibya?" ) Hifter, parizvino ane makore makumi manomwe nerimwe, anga ari muchiuto cheLibya kubva panguva yekutorwa kwemauto muna 71, asi mushure me1969 akasiya hurumende yeGadaffi. Nyika dzekuMadokero padzakatemera zvirango kuLibya, Hifter akabatana nevanopikisa National Salvation Front yeLibya (NSFL). Muna 1987 akatamira kuUnited States ndokugara zvakanaka munzvimbo ine mukurumbira yakaipa yeWashington, DC, - Langley, Virginia. Pakatanga mabhomba eNATO munaKurume 1988, Hifter akadzokera kuLibya akabatana nemapoka mazhinji.
Zvinonyanya kukosha pano kutaura kune vaverengi kuti CIA yakatora vanhu muLibya avo vakambodomwa semagandanga. Mumabhuku akawanda pamusoro peLibya iri pasi paGaddafi mazita eLibyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) naAbdelhakim Belhadj airatidzwa zvakanyanya. Eastern Libya yaive hwaro hwekupandukira uye husimbe hwevamiriri veCongress yeUSA hunodzivirira kuburitswa pachena kwekuti US Africa Command neCIA vakatora sei maJihadist vakaita saAdelhakim Belhadj. Ndiko mubatanidzwa wemaJihadists wakadzokera kwaGeneral Hifter muna 2011 asi mukutsvaga kwavo kutonga mumauto anorwisa Gaddafi, paive nemumwe mukuru wemauto aitsvaga kuisa chitambi chake pakumukira. General Abdul Fattah Younis anga ari mukuru wemauto ari pasi paGaddafi akange asvika pachinzvimbo cheGurukota rezvemukati menyika. Akasiya chigaro chehurumende yeGaddafi muna Kukadzi 2011 kuti abatanidze 'chimurenga. โ
Kupambwa nekuurayiwa kwaGeneral Younis muna Chikunguru 2011 kwakabvisa mumwe chete mukuru wechiuto aikwanisa kukwikwidza pachinzvimbo semukuru wemauto munguva yaGaddafi. Mushure mekupondwa uye kunyadziswa kwaGaddafi muna Gumiguru 2011, Hifter akave mutungamiri weimwe yemauto zana nemakumi manomwe ane vanhu vanopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu pasi pezvombo. Abdelhakim Belhadj akava munhu ane simba zvikuru muTripoli mushure me "kukunda" kweNATO paakazvigadza semukuru weTripoli Military Council. United States payakatanga chirongwa cheshanduko kuLibya, Belhadj akasiya zita rake rechiuto ndokukwikwidza musarudzo semutungamiri wevanhu. Hifter aisakwanisa kupikisa pachena mauto eLIFG muTripoli saka akashanda kuvaka hukama nemauto eZintan achishanda nesimba kuti abude semurwi mutsva akasimba weLibya.
Kubva 2014 Hifter anga achibatanidzwa mune akati wandei epamusoro zviito zvechiuto (kutanga kuziviswa kweuto rekutora mukukundikana kwekuyedza kuyedza kwaFebruary 2014 uye gare gare muna Chivabvu muhondo yakareba yekukunda mauto eMisrata nevaya vanotsigirwa neQatar). Kubva kumapuratifomu ekumadokero uye avo vakabvunzurudza Hifter, mukuru uyu anoti kuvimbika kwemauto e70,000 pamwe chete nemauto eZintan.
NeChishanu, Kukadzi 14, Maj. Gen. Khalifa Hifter akazivisa mhirizhonga muLibya. 'Murairo wenyika yeLibyan Army iri kuzivisa kufamba kwemepu yemugwagwa mutsva' (kununura nyika), Hifter akazivisa kuburikidza nevhidhiyo positi. Kunyangwe iyo New York Times yakaseka iyi kuyedza kukwikwidza nenyaya yaDavid Kirkpatrick uyo akataura nezve coup kubva kuCairo. Mumushumo wake, 'MuLibhiya, Coup. Kana Kuti Zvimwe Kwete,' Kirkpatrick akakwevera pfungwa kune iro rine mavara basa raHifter asina kutsanangurira vateereri vake hukama hwepedyo pakati peHifter neUS dandemutande remauto nevehungwaru anoshanda kuNorth Africa. Muna Chivabvu 2014, Hifter akabuda zvakare munhau dzepasi rose neshumo rake rekushinga kuti airwira kubvisa magandanga muBenghazi.
Kune akawanda mauto muBenghazi asi vaviri vanozivikanwa vaive Kukadzi 17 Martyrs Brigade neAnsar al-Sharia mauto. Nepo mauto akazodaidzwa kuti Ansar al-Sharia akange aunganidzwa nevarongi veNATO kuti vapinde muhondo kuti vabvise Gadaffi, pakazosvika Gunyana 2012 aya mauto akasiyana siyana akange apesana pakati pavo uye mauto aya akapomerwa mhosva yekurwiswa kweCIA. muBenghazi musi waGunyana 11, 2012 apo vashandi vana vekuUS vakanyura muhondo yemauto.
Chimwe chinoratidza huwandu hwerutsigiro rwekunze kwaHifter rwakabva pakuti bapiro rake remauto rinonzi National Army rakakwanisa kushandisa mabhomba emuchadenga kurwisa vaimupikisa. Hifter akatanga Operation Libyan Dignity musi wa16 Chivabvu, achiti chinangwa chake chaive chekuparadza General National Congress, yaakadaidza kuti Islamist, uye kuparadza โmagandanga.โ Kuti azvipire nemauto anoparadzirwa ekumadokero, Hifter akadaidza vaimupikisa muBenghazi semagandanga. uye vakataura kuti 'magandanga' aya akatenderwa kutanga mabhesi muLibya. Uku kwaive kutaura kwakajeka kaviri nekuti yaive Central Intelligence Agency pasi peGeneral Petraeus sezvatakadzidza kubva munhoroondo yaPaula Broadwell aive achitsvaga maIslam kubva kuEast Libya kuti varwe muSyria.
Humwe humbowo hwekubatana pakati peHifter nevekumadokero mauto ehungwaru hwakauya apo pakati pekurwa pakati paHifter nevanomupikisa muBenghazi, mauto eUS Special Operations akaita basa rawo re "kutapa" Ahmed Abu Khattala. Uku kushanda kweUS kwakafumura kudyidzana kwepedyo pakati peHifter neUSA. Vagari veLibya pavakanyunyuta nezvehondo yeHifter, mumiriri weUS kuLibya akaramba 'kushora' kuurayiwa kwevanhu vasina mhosva muBenghazi naHifter ne'National Army' yake. Chinangwa chaHifter chekumisa General National Congress chakafumura kusawirirana kwakadzama pakati peUnited States neQatar pamusoro peramangwana reLibya nezvematongerwo enyika eNorth Africa.
Kunyangwe Hifter airwa ne'National Army,' kupatsanurana pakati pemauto akasiyana kwakatungamira kuhondo huru pakati peHifter nemamwe mauto. Mishumo yeMedia inoti Hifter inotsigirwa nemauto ekunze muUSA, Egypt, Algeria neSaudi Arabia. Zvakakosha kuti mumutsara uyu wekutsigira pakanga pasina kutaurwa nezveTurkey neQatar. Imwe yemauto akasimba muLibya kubva panguva yekupindira kweNATO anga ari varwi veMisrata. Sezvatakanyora mubhuku redu, 'Global NATO uye Catastrophic Failure muLibhiya', yakabva kuMisrata uko mauto eQatar akanga asvika kuitira kutora Tripoli muna Chikunguru / Nyamavhuvhu 2011. Tinoziva kubva munhau dzenhau. kubva kuAl Jazeera kuti kune mauto anonzwira tsitsi kune MIsrata militias muQatar. MuAl Jazeera typology yemauto akasiyana-siyana muLibya tinoudzwa kuti '235 mauto brigades pamwe chete isimba rimwechete rine simba muLibhiya, vachirwa kuburikidza nekukomba kwemwedzi mitanhatu panguva yekumukira. Vakashongedzerwa nezvombo zvinorema, matangi uye maroketi anokandwa nerori uye vane simba rokuva simba guru mukurwisana kupi nokupi pakati peHaftar nemauto echiIslam.โ Munhu anogona kusiyanisa mushumo uyu neayo emamwe mauto okumavirira akadai seBBC kana kuti Voice yeAmerica pahunhu hwemauto eLibya.
Apo mamwe mapepanhau ekumadokero airumbidza General Hifter semuponesi uye achimuenzanisa naGeneral Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi wekuEgypt, ichi chaive chikamu chehondo yeparaganda yekutengesa Hifter kuvagari veBenghazi avo vakamira pakubhomba. nemasimba ake. Mapato eMisrata aive bato remauto rechikamu ichocho chemauto ezvematongerwo enyika aitonga General National Congress. Hifter aive mukurwira kubatanidza mauto akasiyana pasi pehutungamiriri hwake uye pakanga paine mishumo yakawanda yaipenya yekuti Hifter aive muponesi weLibya sei. Zvisinei, kubva kuQatar mumwe munyori, Ibrahim Sharqieh, akacherechedza mune imwe nyaya muNew York Times kuti nyika inofanira 'Chenjera 'Fair Dictator' yeLibya. Ibrahim Sharquieh akataura kuti 'Mumakore maviri apfuura vazhinji vavo vakawana purofiti kubva - uye vakagadzira kufarira kuchengetedza - mhirizhonga inoputira nyika. Vakuru vehondo, mapoka echiIslam nevamwe vapanduki vakazvipira vakarwa zvechokwadi nehurumende yeQaddafi havasi kuzokanda mapfumo pasi kusangano raGeneral Hifter - uye izvozvo zvinopa ngozi huru kune tarisiro yeLibya yekugadzikana.โ Kushivirira kweWashington bato raGeneral Hifter kwakaita kuti zvinhu zvitonyanya kuipa. Deborah Jones, mumiriri weUnited States kuLibya, akati, 'Ini handisi kuzobuda ndichishora pachena zvaakaita' nekuti, akawedzera, mauto aGeneral Hifter aitevera mapoka ari muWashington.
Chinyorwa ichi chakaburitsa kupatsanurwa kuri pachena pakati peDoha neWashington uko kwairatidza kusawirirana kwakadzama muNorth Africa nePalestine. Muhondo yekurwisa vanhu veSyria, hutongi hweQatar hwaive hwakasimba pamwe chete nehurumende dzeSaudi Arabia neTurkey mukupa mari nezvombo kune vanoshingairira avo vave kuzviti 'The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant' kana ( ISIL kana ISIS). Nekudaro, hukama pakati peQatar neWashington hwakakanganisa nzira yezvematongerwo enyika muEgypt. Mauto akauraya nekusunga mazana ezviuru zvevatsigiri veMuslim Brotherhood muEgypt haasi kutsigirwa nehutungamiri huripo muQatar. Qatar neSaudi Arabia dzakatyora zvigaro pamusoro pekutorwa kwemauto naGeneral Sisi uye nemauto echimurenga euto reEgypt.
Mukusawirirana kutsva uku pakati pehutungamiriri hwezvematongerwo enyika hweQatar nevakuru vakuru muCairo, nhepfenyuro dzenhau uye NGOs dzinotsigirwa neQatar dzakashungurudzwa. Vatori venhau veQatari Al Jazeera muEgypt vakashungurudzwa nekusungwa. Muna Chikumi 2014, vatori venhau vaviri veAl Jazeera English vakatongerwa makore manomwe mutirongo uye rimwe kusvika kumakore gumi. Vatori venhau ava vapihwa mutongo nedare rekuEgypt vachipomerwa mhosva dzinosanganisira kubatsira bato reMuslim Brotherhood pamwe nekutaura nhau dzemanyepo.
KUWEDZERA KWEHONDO NEHONDO YENZVIMBO YENDEGE MUTRIPOLI
Pamauto e1700 muLibya mauto ane masimba anomiririrwa nemauto anobva kuZintan (The Al-Zintan Revolutionaries 'Military Council yakaumbwa muna 2011), ichiunza pamwechete mauto makumi maviri nematatu kubva kuZintan neMakomo eNafusa kumadokero kweLibya, mauto kubva kuMisrata uye. mauto kubva kuBenghazi. Panyaya yeguta guru reTripoli, mauto anokwikwidzana aidzora nharaunda dzakasiyana nemauto eZintan nemauto eMisrata, maviri emauto ane simba, achiti aive pamutemo. Sezvo pakanga pasina mutemo mukuru pakushandiswa kwechisimba, nguva nenguva mapoka akasiyana-siyana emauto airwira hukuru hwemauto. Munyaya yehondo dziri kuwedzera kuMabvazuva, mauto eMisrata akawedzera hondo dzavo kuti vawane simba repamusoro muTripoli. Kwemasvondo mashoma adarika iyi hondo yehutongi yakatora chimiro chehondo yakaipisisa apo mazana akaurayiwa uye ndege dzinokosha kudarika US$23billion dzakaparadzwa. Kubva pakaziviswa budiriro yeNATO muna 1.5, nzvimbo yenhandare yendege yeTripoli yanga iri pasi pevaimbova varwi kubva kudhorobha reZintan. Mapoka eMisrata aitsigira maIslam akatsigirana nevamwe vavo vakarwa nemaZintani mumazuva achangopfuura, asi vakatadza kuvadzinga.
Munguva pfupi yadarika, chikwata chemauto eZintan changa chatonga nhandare yendege kubva pakapera chimurenga, chaiti chakunda mauto eOperation Dawn anotungamirwa neMisrata akaedza kuvabvisa panhandare yendege. Ruzivo rweramangwana ruchaburitsa kuti hondo iyi ndeyekuwedzera kwehondo pakati peUSA neQatar sezvo mauto ari kutsvaga kudzinga mauto eZintan panhandare yendege ari Misrata militias. Kwemakore matatu apfuura pasi pezvinonzi zvirongwa zveshanduko neUSA Office for Transition Initiatives (OTI) pakanga paine kuedza kubhadhara mazana ezviuru zvevechidiki mumauto vachitarisira kunyararidza dzimwe dzepfuti. Dare reUnited States nemamwe maEmbassies ekumadokero akabatwa muhondo itsva iyi yekurwa kwakasimba, nekudaro kubviswa nemugwagwa kuenda kuTunisia. Zviuru zvevagari veTripoli vari kutiza guta guru apo zvizvarwa zvechitatu zviri kubviswa. Hapana kana rimwe remapoka ane zvombo riri kuteerera kushevedzerwa kweUnited Nations kwekumisa kurwa.
Kuparadzwa kwendege muhondo, iyo yakatanga musi wa13 Chikunguru, kwadya mari inofungidzirwa kuti US$1.5 billion. Hondo dziri panhandare yendege hadzisi dzehondo dzevarume vakapakatira zvombo. Mauto eMisrata mushure mekutadza kudzinga mauto eZintan ave kutora nzvimbo dzekugara dziri pedyo nenhandare yendege, vachishandisa matangi kurova Zintanis, avo vanozopindurawo nemabhomba uye moto unorwisa ndege. Kuverenga kwaHifter kuti mauto ake nevabatsiri vake vaizo "korobha" mamwe mauto ikozvino kwadzokera shure sezvo nhandare yehondo yeLibya inosangana nehondo dzakakura dziri kurwiwa muPalestine uye muSyria neIraq. Nekurwiswa kwemhosva kwevanhu veGaza tsitsi dzawedzera kune avo vari muLibya vakabatana neboka rePalestine rinoramba kutorwa kweIsrael nekubhomba. Panguva imwecheteyo kuratidzira kukuru kwevanhu vePalestine muWest Bank uye kushorwa kwakanyanya kwevaPalestine muGaza kune mhedzisiro yakadzika kuhutungamiriri hwezvematongerwo enyika muEgypt. Zvakanyatsojeka kuti hutungamiriri hwezvematongerwo enyika hweEgypt ishamwari yevanochengetedza kutonga Israeri avo vakaranga vanhu veGaza. Kunyangwe iyo New York Times yakazvikudza nezvemubatanidzwa uyu pakati pevanopikisa muEgypt uye neo-conservative mauto muIsrael munaChikunguru 30, Times yakati,
"Mushure mekudzingwa kwemauto ehurumende yechiIslam muCairo gore rapfuura, Egypt yakatungamira mubatanidzwa mutsva wenyika dzeArab - kusanganisira Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates neJorodhani - iyo yakanyatso kuwirirana neIsrael mukurwisana kwayo neHamas, Islamist. kufamba kunodzora Gaza Strip. Izvozvowo, zvingave zvakakonzera kukundikana kwevanopikisa kusvika pakutaurirana kugumisa kurwa kunyange pashure peanopfuura vhiki nhatu dzokudeurwa kweropa.โ
Izvo zvinokanganwa vanoronga zvirongwa muWashington neTel a Viv ndezvekuti mamirioni makumi masere vagari veEgypt vanozivawo mubatanidzwa uyu pakati peEgypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia neJorodhani. NATO payakapindira muLibya muna 80, chimwe chezvinangwa zvisina kutaurwa chaive chekugadzira hwaro hwekumashure kwemauto ekumadokero kuitira kuti shanduko yeEgypt iwedzere kusvika pakatanga mauto akakurumbira kuputsa masangano ehudzvanyiriri nechisimba. Benghazi yaive yakakosha pakuronga kumberi kweMadokero, nekudaro hondo dzakasimba dzeBenghazi kubvira 2011 uye kuedza kunyengera vechidiki neCentral Intelligence Agency. Zvino, mukati mehondo muGaza neSyria kune kutarisisa kwakawedzera pabasa reEgypt semubatanidzwa weIsrael mukuchengetedza vanhu veGaza pasi pekuvhara nekuchengetedza kuyambuka kweRafa kwakavharwa. Kubva pakaitika hondo dzakasimba pamusoro pevagari veGaza pave nekurwiswa kutsva pamiganhu yeEgypt kuMadokero. Muna Chikunguru, pakave nekurwiswa kwakashinga pamuganhu wekumadokero kweEgypt apo mauto makumi maviri nemaviri akaurayiwa nevakuru vatatu.
UNITED NATIONS UYE KUPINDA ZVAKARE?
Kuurayiwa kwevaLibya vaifanirwa kuchengetedzwa kwakonzera nhare kubva mukati meAfrica nenyika dzisina kurerekera kuferefeta kupindira kweNATO muLibya. Kubva pakadaidzwa kuti United Nations Support Mission muLibya (UNSMIL) yange iri munhu akanyarara apo mazana evaLibya anourawa nekudzingwa. Ikozvino vashandi veUN ava vakabatana nemamwe masimba ekumadokero ari kubviswa muTripoli.
Kuurayiwa kwevashandi vekodzero dzevanhu uye kuurayiwa kwevakadzi vanorwira kodzero dzeLibya vakaita sevaimbove nhengo yeLibyan General National Congress, Fariha Barkawi, naSalwa Bugaighis zvakaburitsa zvirevo kubva kumavirira izvo zvave kukanganisa Libya. Muhammad Abdul Aziz Gurukota rezvekunze reLibyan akakumbira UN Security Council kuti itumire vanachipangamazano vemauto kuti vatsigire mauto ehurumende anorinda zviteshi, nhandare dzendege nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasimba. Kufona uku kuratidzwa kwekuparara kwekutonga kwemhirizhonga muLibya. African Union nemubatanidzwa usina kurerekera mumubatanidzwa weUnited Nations uchafanirwa kumira zvakasimba pamusoro pechiuto chekumadokero kuNorth Africa nePalestine. Masangano erunyararo kuMadokero anewo basa guru rekupikisa NATO, kupikisa kuendeswa kwemauto ekumadokero uye kuwedzera Boycott Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) kufamba kurwisa Israeri mukubatana kwakajeka nevanhu vePalestine.
Mwedzi uno apo nyika inorangarira zvishoma nezvishoma kutsvedza kwakaita vanhu mukudeura ropa kukuru kweHondo Yenyika 1 muna 1914, zvakakodzera kuyeuchidza vagari vekuMadokero mashandisirwo akaitwa vanhu vanoshanda kuti vatsigire maGeneral uye maBhangi. Bato rerunyararo nerunyararo rinofanirwa kusimudzira nyaya dziri kupomerwa Goldman Sachs, Blackstone Group, bhanga reFrance Sociรฉtรฉ Gรฉnรฉrale SA, uye Tradition Financial Services yekuSwitzerland. Masimba anofambira mberi anofanirwa kutevera zvakanyanya nyaya iripo muLondon High Court ichipokana naGoldman Sachs uye kushanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti semhedzisiro yemisika yakasviba iyo Intercontinental Exchange inobatanidzwa nayo, kuti makambani achatarisana nekufa kwakafanana nevatauriri vavo vezvidzidzo. uyo akanga ashanda kuburikidza neMonitor Group yeCambridge Massachusetts. \
Runyararo uye mauto ehutongi hwemagariro anofanirwa kusimbisa sangano ravo panguva ino kuitira kuti pave nekujeka pamusoro pebasa raGeneral Hifter neCentral intelligence Agency muLibya. Masimba anofambira mberi haagone kugamuchira kurongedzerwa kwenhema uye disinformation yakatengesa hondo kurwisa vanhu veLibya sechikamu cheBasa rekudzivirira. Nhasi, vezvenhau vekumadokero vari kuyedza kurongedza kurwiswa kweropa kuvanhu vePalestine sehondo yekudzivirira nehawks muIsrael. Pane kudikanwa kwekubatana kwakafara nerunyararo uye mauto ehutongi hwemagariro pasi rose kuitira kuti hondo dzazvino dzipere uye kumadokero kupedze kutsigira kwavo kune vane huori mabhanga uye mauto.
Horace G. Campbell ndiPurofesa weAfrican American Studies uye Political Science paSyracuse University. Ndiye munyori we Global NATO uye Kukundikana Kwakaoma muLibya, Monthly Wongororo Press, 2013.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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