Kushungurudzwa kwevasungwa vari muhusungwa hweUS hakungowanikwe mumajeri echiuto muIraq, Afghanistan neGuantanamo. Kana President Obama vari serious nezve kupera
Iyo Louisiana State Penitentiary pa
Mukunzwa kunoshamisa kwakaongorora maitiro ekutambudza kuAngola, vasungwa makumi maviri nevashanu vakapupura zhizha rapfuura kuti vakatarisana nemhirizhonga yakawandisa mushure mekuedza kutiza kujeri makore gumi apfuura. Vasungwa makumi maviri nevashanu ava โ vasina chekuita nekuedza kutiza โ vakatsinhira nyaya yekuti vakarohwa, kurohwa, kurohwa neshamhu nezvibhakera, vakatsikwa, vakasiiwa vasina kupfeka muchitokisi chaitonhora, uye kutyisidzirwa kuti vaizouraiwa. Vakatyisidzirwa nevarindi kuti vaizobatwa chibharo netsvimbo. Vakamanikidzwa kuita weti nekuzviitira tsvina. Vakabuda ropa, vakabviswa mazino, vairohwa kutozosvikira vatadza kudzora kushanda kwomuviri, uye kurohwa kutozosvikira vasaina zvinyorwa kana kuti kureurura kwavakaunzwa kwavari navakuru vakuru vetorongo. Mumwe musungwa akanga akatyoka shaya, uye mumwe akaiswa muchitokisi chake oga kwamakore masere.
Nepo vakuru vejeri vachiramba mutemo wekushungurudza, huwandu hwevasungwa vakapa zvirevo, pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvekurapa nehumwe humbowo hwakaunzwa pakutongwa, vanopa nharo ine simba yekuti kushungurudzwa igwaro remutemo mujeri. Vazhinji vevasungwa vakagamuchira zviuru zvinomwe zvemadhora apo nyika yakabvuma kugadzirisa, pasina kubvuma mhosva, mhosva mbiri dzekodzero dzevanhu dzakakwidzwa nevasungwa gumi nevatatu. Vasungwa vachafanira kushandisa mari iyoyo vari mujeri - inodarika 7,000% ye
Mhirizhonga Yakarongeka
Panguva yekuedza kutiza kuAngola, pakauraiwa murindi mumwe chete uye vaviri vakatorwa senhapwa, chikwata chemapurisa - kusanganisira muchengeti wemuAngola Burl Cain - chakamhanyira mukati ndokutanga kupfura, kuuraya musungwa, Joel Durham, uye kukuvadza mumwe, David Mathis.
Jeri harina nhungamiro yepamutemo yezvinofanira kuitika panguva yekuedza kutiza kana mamwe matambudziko, mutemo unoratidzika kunge wakagadzirirwa kukurudzira kubatwa kwechisimba kwakanyorwa munyaya iyi. Richard Stalder, panguva iyoyo munyori weLouisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, aivawo mujeri panguva iyoyo. Zvakadaro kunyangwe - kana nekuda kwe - kuvapo kwemurindi wejeri uye mukuru wekugadziriswa kwehurumende, varindi vakapihwa ruoko rwemahara kuti vatore chirango chechisimba. Kaini akazoudza mutori wenhau mushure mekupfurwa kuti
Vasungwa vashanu - kusanganisira Mathis - vakapomerwa mhosva yekuponda, uye pari zvino vari kutongwa, vakatarisana nemutongo werufu - zvishoma zvichibva pauchapupu hwevamwe vasungwa hwakawanikwa kuburikidza nekurohwa nekushungurudzwa. Mathis anomiririrwa nemagweta ekodzero dzevanhu Jim Boren (uyo akamirirawo mumwe weJena Vatanhatu vechidiki) naRachel Connor, nerubatsiro kubva kuNola Investigates, kambani inoferefeta mu.
Dare redzimhosva repaSt. Francisville rakakumbirwa negweta remumiriri weMathis kuti aratidze kuti, mumamiriro ezvinhu emhirizhonga nekushungurudzwa, vasungwa vaimanikidzwa kusaina zvinyorwa kuburikidza nekurwadziswa, nekudaro zvinyorwa izvi hazvifanirwe kutambirwa. Mutongi weDunhu rechi20 George H. Ware Jr. akapa mutongo wekuti kurwadziswa kwakanyorwa uye kushungurudzwa kwanga kusinei nazvo. Zvisinei, maitiro akanyorwa mukutongwa haasi kungomutsa kusava nechokwadi kwakasimba pamusoro pemhosva dzeAngola Five, asi zvinoratidzawo kuti mhirizhonga kune vasungwa yave yakajairika nzira mujeri.
Kunzwa kunoratidza maitiro ehurongwa hwehudzvanyiriri hwakavhurika uye hwenguva dzose, zvinoramba chikonzero chechinyakare chemaapuro akaipa. Musungwa Doyle Billiot akatsinhira nyaya yekutyisidzirwa nerufu nemagadhi achiti, "Chii chisingafaniri kutya? Masecurity ese aya anouya akakutenderedza mazuva ese achikutarisa kudivi, kupenga nezvimwe. Hauzive zviri mupfungwa dzavo kunyanya kana vanokutyisidzira kuti vachakuuraya. Mumwe musungwa, Robert Carley akatsinhira kuti kureurura kwenhema kwakarohwa kubva maari. โNdaitya,โ akadaro, โNdaifunga kuti ndikasapindamo ndokuvaudza chimwe chinhu, ndaizofa.
Musungwa Kenneth "Geronimo" Edwards akapupura kuti varindi "vakatirova hafu kusvika vafa." Akatsinhirawo kuti maguard akamutyisidzira netsvimbo achiti, "icho chitema chihombe...taura kuti unochida." Gare gare, Edwards anoti, varindi, "vakandiisa muchitokisi changu. Vakatora hembe dzangu dzose. Vakatora jumpsuit yangu. Akatora machira ose, zvose kunze kwechitokisi, ndokundiisa muchitokisi ndisina kupfeka ... Kwaitonhora muimba. sero. Vakavhura mahwindo ndokubatidza mafuripa." Vamwe vasungwa vanosvika gumi nevaviri vakapupurawo kuti vakarohwa zvakafanana, kurohwa, kutyisidzirwa nechisimba chepabonde, uye "kurapwa nechando."
Vamwe varindi vejeri racho vaiona kushungurudzwa kwacho semutambo. Musungwa Brian Johns akatsinhira mudare redzimhosva achiti, "mumwe wevarindi aitirova mumusoro tose. Akati aifarira kurira kwengoma - kurira kwengoma iyo - kubva pakutirova mumusoro netsvimbo."
Kuvharirwa Uri Woga
Vaviri vevagari vemuAngola vane mukurumbira, vasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika, Herman Wallace naAlbert Woodfox, vava muenzaniso wekutanga weimwe nzira yekushungurudza yakajairika muAngola - kushandiswa kwekuvharirwa wega sechirango chemaonero ezvematongerwo enyika. Vaviri ava vakapedza makore anopfuura 36 vari voga, zvisinei nekuti mutongi achangobura mutongo waWoodfox (vakuru vejeri vanoramba vakabata Woodfox uye vakazivisa hurongwa hwekumuedzazve). Woodfox naWallace - avo pamwe chete nevaimbove musungwa Mambo Wilkerson vanozivikanwa seAngola Vatatu - vakamhan'arira Angola, vachiti kuvharirwa kwavo kwakatyora kodzero dzavo dzechisere dzekurangwa zvine hutsinye uye zvisina kujairika uye kodzero yechina yekugadziriswa.
Zvichangobva kutaurwa nemutarisiri weAngola Burl Cain zvinoburitsa pachena kuti Woodfox naWallace vari kurangwa nekuda kwemaonero avo ezvematongerwo enyika. Pane imwe nguva ichangoburwa, magweta eWoodfox akabvunza Kaini, "Regai nekuda kwenharo titore, kana uchikwanisa, kuti haana mhosva yekuponda kwaBrent Miller." Kaini akapindura, "Zvakanaka. Ndingadai ndichiri kumuchengeta (ndoga) ... Ndichiri kuziva kuti achiri kuedza kushandisa Black Pantherism, uye zvakadaro handidi kuti afambe-famba mujeri rangu nokuti aizoronga vasungwa vatsva. zvaizoita kuti ndive nematambudziko emarudzi ose, kupfuura zvandaikwanisa kumira, uye ndaizoita kuti vatema vadzingirire shure kwavo ... Anofanira kugara muchitokisi iye ari kuAngola."
Pamusoro pezvakataurwa naKaini, Gweta Guru reLouisiana, James "Buddy" Caldwell, akati nyaya yakatarisana neAngola Three ndeyake kwaari. Matauriro akaita seaya anoratidza kuti hunhu hwekuchenjerera uhu hahuna kungopinda muNew Orleans 'hutongi hwemhosva chete, asi kuti dambudziko rinobva kumusoro.
Dambudziko harina kugumira kuLouisiana State Penitentiary kuAngola - nyaya dzakafanana dzinogona kuwanikwa mumajeri mhiri kweUS. Asi kubva pakusiiwa kwevasungwa muOrleans Parish Prison panguva yaKatrina kuenda kunyaya yeJena Six, Louisiana's crime justice system, iyo ine mwero wepamusoro wekusungwa pasi rose, inowanzoita senge iri kushanda pasi pehutongo hwekurima. Nguva pfupi yadarika, mutori wenhau AC Thompson, mukuferefeta kwekuuraya kwaKatrina, akawana humbowo hwekuti dhipatimendi remapurisa reNew Orleans rakatsigira kurwiswa kwevatema vagari vemuNew Orleans mushure meKatrina.
Kurwadziswa nekushungurudzwa hazvisi pamutemo pasi pemitemo miviri yeUS - kusanganisira kurambidza kwebumbiro remutemo kuranga zvine utsinye uye zvisina kujairika - uye zvibvumirano zvepasi rose izvo US yakasaina, kubva ku1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights kuenda kuInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (yakasimbiswa mu 1992). Kunyangwe paine mitemo nezvibvumirano, varindi vejeri vekuUS havasati vambozvidavirira kune aya zviyero.
Kana tikati kushungurudzwa kana kurwadziswa kwakanaka kune vasungwa, danho rinotevera nderekuti rishandiswe muruzhinji. Chikumbiro chechangobva kuitika chekugadzirisa hutungamiri chakamhan'arwa naHerman Wallace chinoti, "Kana Guantanamo Bay yave kunyadzisa nyika uye chiratidzo chehukama hwehurumende yeUS nemhosva, kutongwa nekurwadziswa, zvino zviri kuitwa kuAngola 3 ... ndizvo zvatiri kuita. tarisira kana tikatadza kuita chimwe chinhu nekukasikaโฆHurumende inoedza nzira dzekurwadzisa vasungwa muUS - zviri kure zvakakwana kuona kuti nzanga ichaita sei. Hazvitore nguva vasati vaburitsa hunyanzvi hwavo munharaunda yese." Kana tikasamira pakurwisa kushungurudzwa uku, zvinongopararira.
Pasinei nekutongwa, matare ehurumende, uye mamwe magwaro, varindi vakaita zviito zvakanyorwa mudare rekutambudzwa kweAngola havasati varangwa, uye hurongwa hwakakuronga hunoramba huripo. Muchokwadi, vazhinji vevarindi vakakwidziridzwa, uye vanoramba vari munzvimbo yekutarisa pamusoro pevasungwa vakafanana ivo vakanyorerwa kuti vakarohwa zvisina tsitsi. Warden Burl Cain achiri kutungamira Angola. Zvichakadaro, kutongwa kweAngola Five iri kuenderera mberi, uye avo vane simba rekushandura maitiro ekushungurudzwa kuAngola vanoramba vakanyarara.
Jordan Flaherty mutori wenhau anogara muNew Orleans, uye mupepeti weLeft Turn Magazine. Aive munyori wekutanga kuunza nyaya yeJena Vatanhatu kune vateereri venyika uye kutaura kwake pamusoro peKatrina New Orleans kwakabudiswa uye kutepfenyurwa muzvitoro zvinosanganisira Die Zeit (kuGermany), Clarin (muArgentina), Al-Jazeera. , TeleSur, uye Democracy Zvino. Anogona kusvikwa pa [email inodzivirirwa].
Rubatsiro rwekutsvaga kwechinyorwa ichi naEmily Ratner.
Zvidzidzo:
The Angola Three - http://www.angola3.org
Migwagwa Yakachengeteka Nharaunda Dzakasimba - http://www.safestreetsnola.org
Mhuri uye Shamwari dzeVana Vakasungwa vaLouisiana - http://www.fflic.org
Juvenile Justice Project yeLouisiana - http://www.jjpl.org
NOLA Inoongorora - http://www.nolainvestigates.com
Left Turn Magazine - http://www.leftturn.org
Tsamba Inobva kuAngola State Prison, naNathaniel Anderson, #130547 - http://www.leftturn.org/node/1155
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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