โTinofanira kuziva zvizere hukama hwaSenator Obama neACORN,โ akadaro Senator John McCain mugakava rake rechitatu remutungamiri wenyika naBarack Obama muna Gumiguru 2008. ACORN, akadaro, โikozvino yave kuda kupara mhosva huru. hutsotsi munhoroondo yevavhoti munyika muno, pamwe zvichiparadza hutongi hwejekerere.โ
Pakazosvika 2010, ACORN yakanga yavhara mikova yayo, munhu akabatwa nekurwiswa kwakarongwa nevekurudyi vezvenhau uye vezvematongerwo enyika, pamwe nekuzvikuvadza.
VaObama vanga vashanda neACORN kwenguva pfupi pamafambisirwo ekunyoresa kuvhota paakaita mutemo wekodzero dzevanhu muChicago. Vatungamiri veboka iri vakatenda kuti, kana VaObama vange vari muWhite House, ACORN yaizove boka rine simba. Asi vanga vasina kutarisira kusanganiswa kwemasimba ekurudyi kwakaunza ACORN pasi.
Dai ACORN ichiri kutenderera muna 2016, inogona kunge yakadzivirira kutyisidzira chaiko kune democracy-Donald Trump-kubva pakuva mutungamiri wenyika. ACORN yakagadzira nzira yakakwenenzverwa yekunyoresa vavhoti uye kuti vavhote. Nekuisa basa rayo kushanda muWisconsin, Pennsylvania, neMichigan- uko VaTrump vakarova Hillary Clinton nemavhoti zviuru makumi manomwe nenomwe chete kuti vahwine Electoral College-ACORN inogona kunge yakashandura zvakabuda.
Mune documentary yavo yazvino ACORN uye Firestorm, Reuben Atlas naSam Pollard havangoratidzi chete kuti ACORN ine simba yakawira sei asiwo inoratidza kuti kurwiswa kweACORN kwaiva kudzidzira kwechipfeko kune tsika dzedu dzezvematongerwo enyika dzine chepfu, kusanganisira kusimuka kwaDonald Trump uye alt-right.
Kuburikidza nezvikamu zvakachengetwa uye kubvunzurudzwa nevashandi veACORN, vatungamiriri uye nhengo, vezvematongerwo enyika vane hushamwari uye vane hutsinye, uye vanoongorora zvematongerwo enyika, bhaisikopo rinorondedzera nhoroondo yeboka, kutanga nekuvambwa kwaro muArkansas muna 1970 naWade Rathke, murongi wechidiki ane shasha uye akashinga.
Pamusoro pekunyoresa mamirioni evavhoti, ACORN yakabatsira varombo vari kushanda kuti vatenge dzimba uye kuti vadzivise kuvharwa, vakapokana nemabhanga erusaruraganda uye maitiro ekukweretesa, akamisa makambani kubuda tsvina inokonzeresa gomarara munzvimbo dzine mari shoma, yakaita kuti hurumende dzemuno dzigadzirise dzakasiiwa. zvivako zvakanga zvava nzvimbo dzokupara mhosva, uye zvairwira kubatwa zvakanaka nevashandirwi, varidzi vedzimba, makambani einishuwarenzi, uye hurumende. ACORN yakatungamira mushandirapamwe wekuti Congress isimbise iyo anti-redlining Community Reinvestment Act. Yakaronga avo vakawirwa neHurricane Katrina kuti vawane izwi mukuvakwazve kweGulf Coast. Yakatungamira bato remubairo wekurarama mumaguta anopfuura zana uye yakabatsira kuita kuti federal Earned Income Tax Credit chirongwa chinoshanda chekurwisa hurombo.
Pakazosvika 2008, ACORN yaive nevashandi vanodarika chiuru nemazana mana enhengo dzinobhadhara, dzakatorwa nevanoenda paimba neimba, vaine zvitsauko mumaguta zana negumi mumatunhu makumi mana, zvichiita kuti rive sangano guru rekurwisa hurombo munyika. Mufirimu, tinoona nhengo dzeACORN dzichiratidzira, kusateerera kwevanhu, kukwezva, kunyoreswa kwevavhoti, uye misangano nevezvematongerwo enyika.
Kusiyana nevakawanda vakasununguka vanoita zvakanaka, ACORN haina kufunga kuti yaiziva izvo varombo vaida kana kuti vaida. Maude Hurd, mutungamiri weACORN wekuBoston, akayeuka kusangana kwake kwekutanga nemurongi. โVanhu vanogara vachigogodza pasuo rangu vachindiudza zvinetso,โ akadaro. โACORN yakanga yakasiyana. Pavakagogodza pasuo rangu, vakandibvunza.โ
Muchiitiko chekuvhurwa kwefirimu, tinosangana nemurume muchena ane ndebvu dzakaremara anonzi Tavis, anoita senge munhu muDuck Dynasty uye ane mureza weConfederate wakapetwa kune mamwe macheya pamberi pechivanze chemba yake kumaruwa eFlorida. (โNhaka haisi ruvengo,โ anotsanangura kudaro. โHandiibhururutsi nokuti handidi kupengesa munhu.โ) Anoti akavhotera Reagan naBush, asi anopika kuvimbika kuna ACORN nokumubatsira kuchengetedza pfuma yake. Imba kubva pakuvharwa mushure mekunge mudzimai wake apererwa nebasa uye ivo vakasara pakubhadhara imba yemba.
"Pfungwa yeACORN ndeyekumiririra vakadzvinyirirwa, varombo, vanhu vakatorwa zvisina kunaka," anotsanangura kudaro.
Kwemakore, mabhanga, maresitorendi uye mamwe maindasitiri ane muhoro wakaderera, uye mamwe mapoka ebhizinesi akarwisa ACORN, asi mukutanga 2000s vakabatanidzwa neRepublican kugadzwa uye kurudyi-bapiro media. ACORN yakanga isina kugadzirira kurwisa.
McCain paakarwisa ACORN paTV yenyika mugakava rake naObama, mutungamiri weACORN Bertha Lewis akafara โkungonzwa mazita edu achitaurwa,โ anodaro mugwaro. โNdaifunga kuti zvakanaka. Zvakanaka, zvishoma zvandaiziva. Makore makumi mana ebasa akapokana nevhidhiyo imwe diki. "
โVhidhiyo diki dikiโ iroโchaizvo, mavhidhiyo akati wandeiโakaitwa nevaviri vanoita zvemitambo, James O'Keefe ane makore makumi maviri namashanu uye Hannah Giles ane makore makumi maviri, vakasangana paFacebook. Chirongwa chavo chakasimudzirwa neadiki-anozivikanwa agitator wekurudyi anonzi Andrew Breitbart.
Sezvinotsanangurwa negwaro, O'Keefe naGiles vakatora kamera yavo yakavanzika mumahofisi angangoita hafu yegumi nemaviri eACORN munyika yese uye vakatsvaga kukwezva vashandi kuti vabvume kuita zvisiri pamutemo. Mune imwe hofisi, Giles (akapfeka zvipfeko zvinoshamisa uye achizviti ipfambi) uye O'Keefe (achinyepedzera kuva mukomana wake) vanokumbira kubatsirwa neACORN kutenga imba kuti iite bhizimisi rechipfambi nevasikana vaduku vakaverevedzwa kubva kuCentral America. . Kuti vashandi veACORN vakatenda vatsigiri vaviri ava, kana kungotamba pamwe chete necharade, hazvina kujeka. ACORN uye Firestorm inobvumira vateereri kuzvisarudzira vamene zvakaitika.
Asi zvakaitika chaizvo hazvina basa nekuti kuvhiya kwavo kwakashanda. Zvinorangarirwa nevazhinji vekuAmerica nezve ACORN ndizvo zvaidiwa naBreitbart kuti vatende. Nerubatsiro rwake, O'Keefe naGiles vakarapa mavhidhiyo aya kuita kuti ACORN itaridzike ine mhosva. Semuenzaniso, Breitbart paakanga achiburitsa mavhidhiyo kune vezvenhau, O'Keefe akapfeka pimp costume mubvunzurudzo paFox News. Muiti weshoo iyi akati "akapfeka zvipfeko zvakafanana zvaaipfeka kumahofisi aya eACORN." Idzo dzaiva nhema. Aipfeka zvipfeko zvenguva dzose paaishanyira mahofisi eACORN, asi aipinda mumavhidhiyo maficha ake ari muchipfeko chepimp.
Breitbart akashandura izvo zvingave zvakadzingwa seyekoreji-zera prank kuita gakava renyika. Akaronga mushandirapamwe wepainternet, achishandisa uto revablogi kuchengetedza manyepo munhau. Fox News, Glenn Beck, Rush Limbaugh, uye mamwe midhiya anochengetedza akatamba uye akakurukura mavhidhiyo husiku nehusiku, vachidzokorora mapoinzi ekutaura anopesana neACORN (uye anti-Obama). Mumufirimu uyu, tinoona mubatanidzwa wevanochengetedza midhiya vanotsanangura vachitsanangura ACORN se "bhizimusi rematsotsi" uye "chipfeko chesocialist," uye vachizivisa "Obama ndiye ACORN."
The mainstream media, kusanganisira iyo New York Times, CNN, NPR, uye kunyange Jon Stewart paComedy Central, munguva pfupi vakasimudza gakava rakagadzirwa uye, pasina kuongorora-chokwadi, vakaita sebhandi rekutumira kune vanopokana neACORN. Mukuita izvi, vakapa Breitbart megaphone ine ruzha uye vakamushandura kuita gamba rechitendero rinochengetedza.
Kubudirira kwegwaro rekunyoresa vavhoti kweACORN, kunyanya mumatunhu anotenderera, rave dambudziko kune veGOP vanoronga hurongwa hwekuvhota. Magavhuna eRepublican, magweta makuru ehurumende, uye vakuru vakuru veBush manejimendi vakatungamira kutsvaga kusina zvibereko kwezviitiko zvekubiridzirwa kwevavhoti neACORN. Muna 2004 Karl Rove (Mutungamiri George W. Bush chipangamazano mukuru mune zvematongerwo enyika) akaudza magweta akati wandei emuUS kuti atongere ACORN mhosva yekubirira vavhoti. Mumwe wavo โ David Iglesias, gweta reRepublican US muNew Mexico โ akaramba mushure mekushaya humbowo hwekubiridzira, uye akazodzingwa. Vamwe vakuru venzvimbo yeRepublican vakamhan'ara mhosva dzemanyepo, vachipomera ACORN yekubirira kwevavhoti.
Vazhinji veAmerica vakanga vasati vambonzwa nezveACORN kusvikira McCain (naSarah Palin) vatanga kurwisa boka racho pamushandirapamwe. Pakazosvika Gumiguru 2008, makumi mana neshanu muzana evaAmerica vakatenda kuti ACORN yakanga ichiedza kunyoresa vanhu kuvhota kakawanda vachityora mitemo yesarudzo. Ongororo yaNovember 45 yakawana kuti 2009 muzana yeRepublicans vakatenda kuti ACORN yakanga yabira sarudzo yaObama. Nekubatanidza boka iri neMutungamiri Obama, vanochengetedza vakatsvaga kumukanganisa uye hurongwa hwake hwakasununguka.
Mwedzi yakati mushure mekufa kwaACORN, boka racho rakasunungurwa kubva kune chero chakaipa nemukuru wega wega uye akazvimirira ongororo yaitarisa kupomerwa kwaO'Keefe naGiles, kusanganisira imwe yegweta guru reCalifornia uye kuferefetwa kuviri kwemubatanidzwa. Asi panguva iyoyo akanga anyanyononoka.
Sezvinoratidzwa nefirimu, vatungamiriri veACORN vakashamiswa nekutadza kwevazhinji veDemocrats nemasangano akasununguka kuuya kuzoibatsira payakarwiswa. Nheyo zhinji dzakasununguka โ dzakangwarira pachisikirwo โ dzakadonhedza ACORN sembatatisi inopisa. Kunyangwe mwedzi mipfumbamwe VaObama vatora chigaro, mubvunzurudzo neABC, George Stephanopoulos akanzwa achimanikidzwa kumubvunza kana aifarira kubvisa mari yemubatanidzwa kuACORN.
Aya maviri-anohwina mubairo vatungamiriri-Atlas's yapfuura zvinyorwa zvinosanganisira Hama Hypnotic uye Mazambiringa anovava; Pollard, anga ari mupepeti wenguva refu waSpike Lee, akarairawo August Wilson: Iyo Ground Pandinomira, Zvitima zviviri Runnin ', uye Sammy Davis, Jr.: Ndinofanira Kuva Ini-vakagadzira chishandiso chakakosha chekudzidzisa nezve kurongeka kwepasi, basa renhau mune zvematongerwo enyika, uye kurwira mweya weAmerica.
Sezvinoratidzwa nefirimu, kurwiswa kwaTrump kune vezvenhau ve "nhau dzenhema," kumbundirana kwake kwekamuri rekurudyi echo, rusaruraganda rwake uye kurwisa varombo nevanotambura, uye zvaanotaura zvekupararira "kubiridzira kwevavhoti" kukwevera pamushandirapamwe wekodzero. kurwisa ACORN makore gumi apfuura.
Mushure mesarudzo dzemuna 2016, VaTrump vakati "kubiridzira kwevavhoti" kwakakonzera kuti arasikirwe nevhoti yakakurumbira kuna Hillary Clinton nemavhoti anoda kusvika mamirioni matatu. Tinogona kutarisira kuti GOP ienderere mberi nekuedza kwayo kuderedza kuvhota pakati pevarombo, vashoma uye vadiki (avo, kana vachivhota, vanowanzo tsigira vamiriri veDemocratic) munguva yesarudzo dzazvino uye musarudzo dza3, vachipembedza zviito zvavo nekuenderera mberi nengano yekuti. โkubiridzira kwevavhotiโ kwakapararira. Iyi firimu inotiyeuchidza kuti kudzvinyirirwa kwevavhoti hachisi chinhu chitsva kuRepublican Party.
Iyi firimu inoratidza zvimwe zvakafanana pakati pekurwiswa kweACORN uye kusimuka kwaTrump. Mushure mekunge Breitbart afa nechirwere chemoyo pamakore makumi mana nematatu munaKurume 2012, aimbozivikanwa mubhengi weWall Street ainzi Steve Bannon akamutsiva semukuru weBreitbart News. Akachishandura kuita ruoko rwemushandirapamwe wa2016 Trump, akashanda semutungamiriri wemushandirapamwe waTrump, akapedza mwedzi yakati wandei mukati meWhite House, uye anoenderera mberi ari mubatanidzwa wemutungamiri wenyika.
Nerubatsiro rwemari kubva kune vakapfuma vanochengetedza zita rekuti Project Veritas, O'Keefe achiri kuita basa rake rinorwadza, raakashandisa kurwisa Planned Parenthood, masangano evadzidzisi, NPR, uye mushandirapamwe waHillary Clinton.
Atlas naPollard vakawana chivimbo chaGiles uye vakatsvaga kutaura nyaya yekuparara kwaACORN kuburikidza nemeso ake pamwe neaya evavengi vake, Bertha Lewis. Firimu iri rinoratidza Giles semunhu ane fungidziro asi asina ruzivo achiedza kunzwisisa kunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika.
"Unoziva, ndaiva mwana," anodaro mufirimu, "Ndaingoda kufara." Asi anobvuma kuti basa rekurova yaive pfungwa yake.
โIni naAndrew Breitbart taiva shamwari dzepakarepo,โ Giles anoyeuka kudaro. "Andrew aiziva uye ainzwisisa vezvenhau, uye isu [iye naO'Keefe] takanga tisina hunyanzvi hwenhau."
Lewis akakurira mumhuri ine urombo muPhiladelphia. Mushure mekoreji akashanda mubhizinesi remitambo muNew York asi akashandisa yakawanda yenguva yake yekuzorora kuronga vavakidzani vake kurwisa varidzi vezvitangwena nevatengesi vezvinodhaka. Shamwari yakamukurudzira kuti abate ACORN, achimuudza "vari kutsvaga vanoronga." "Vanokubhadhara iwe kurwa?" Lewis akabvunza.
Akabatana neACORN muna 1995, akakurumidza kusimuka, uye akave mutambi ane simba muNew York City zvematongerwo enyika. Muna 2008 bhodhi reACORN rakadzinga muvambi uye mushandi wepamusoro Rathke (uyo akange avhara hurongwa hwekubiridzira nemukoma wake, director wezvemari weboka) ndokumutsiva naLewis.
Akatenda kuti, nekuwedzera mamwe kudzora zvemari uye nani kudzidziswa kwevashandi, ACORN yaigona kukunda dutu. Akaenda paTV neredhiyo kuratidza kudzivirira ACORN uye akakumbira kune nheyo kuti vachengetedze rubatsiro rwavo ruuye, asi haana kukwanisa kumisa kubuda ropa.
Mushure mekunge ACORN yapetwa, vamwe vatungamiriri venzvimbo vakaungana uye vakatanga masangano matsva akazvimirira โ seAlliance of Californians for Community Empowerment neNew York Communities for Change โ akakwevera masimba ekuronga eACORN asi akadzivirira matambudziko ayo ekutonga. Lewis akatanga Black Institute, tangi rekufunga nezvemadzinza.
Vagadziri vemafirimu vakaronga musangano wevaviri, Giles naLewis, makore manomwe mushure mekunge mavhidhiyo aenda kuhutachiona uye akaunza ACORN pasi-pamatanho eJefferson Memorial muWashington, DC, kwete zvishoma.
โSaka Hana. Izvi zvinoshamisa kwandiri. Zvinofanira kunge zvichishamisa kwauri futi, handiti?" Lewis anodaro.
Giles anoudza Lewis kuti atoodzwa mwoyo nezvematongerwo enyika zvekuti aenda pamudyandigere uye haatombonetse kuvhota. Asi peji rake reFacebook rinoburitsa pachena kuti iye (pamwe nemurume wake) vachiri kuita zvekushandisa mavhidhiyo kufumura huwori hunonzi pakati pemapoka akasununguka kuburikidza nekuunganidza vechidiki vanochengetedza kuti "vatevere mumakwara ake" kuburikidza neboka raakavamba, American Phoenix Foundation. Mubato wake wepaFacebook ndi @hannahgiles.acorn.
Anoramba asina tariro nezvebasa rake naO'Keefe naBreitbart kuunza ACORN pasi. "Pfungwa yekubatsira mhuri dzine mari shoma yakanaka," anodaro, asi achiri kutenda kuti ACORN yakashatiswa ne "simba nemari." โIzvi zvinondishungurudza,โ Lewis anomuudza kudaro.
Giles naLewis vaitaura vakapfuura. Vaibatanidzwa mumutambo wezvematongerwo enyika uyo, iyo firimu inojekesa, yakanga yakakura kudarika vose vari vaviri.
ACORN uye Firestorm-yakafuridzirwa nebhuku raJohn Atlas, Mbeu dzeShanduko-inotiyeuchidza kuti America yazvino polarization yakanga isingadzivisiki. Yakagadzirwa, chigadzirwa chewebhu chebhizinesi hombe, vanochengetedza mabhizinesi vezvenhau, uye vezvematongerwo enyika vekurudyi zvakatungamira kuna Trump nekuedza kwake kupikisa sainzi, vezvenhau, rusununguko rwevanhu, uye mutemo weveruzhinji zvichienderana nehumbowo.
ACORN yaive yekutanga kubatwa nedutu remoto, asi riri kuramba richipararira, richikanganisa demokrasi yedu.
Peter Dreier ndiye purofesa wezvematongerwo enyika paOccidental College. Bhuku rake razvino uno ndere Iwo 100 Makuru maAmerican e20 Century: A Social Justice Hall yeMukurumbira (Mabhuku eNyika). Panguva yekugadzira ACORN uye Firestorm, akapa ruzivo nezve ACORN kune vanoita mafirimu.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta