France, 2018. Nyika yakaomeswa mitezo nenhevedzano huru yekuratidzira vachipokana nematanho akaitwa neMutungamiri Emmanuel Macron kukwidza mutero wakasvibira pamafuta panguva imwe cheteyo achibvisa mutero wehupfumi kune vakapfuma. Varatidziri vanozozivikanwa se zvipfeko zvejena, kana kuti โmavheti eyero.โ Ndidzo hasha dzekuti mutungamiri wenyika anomanikidzwa kudzoreredza kuwedzera kwemutero wemafuta. Kugadzira mitemo yemamiriro ekunze pakusaona kwekirasi, kufamba kwake nemaoko akakwirira kunodzosera kumashure.
NeEurope yakaremara nemitengo yakakwira gasi uye simba munguva ino yechando, kune vamwe vanga vachiti uyu mukana wekumhanyisa shanduko yakasvibira, rudzi rwekuvhunduka kutibata isu tese neimwe nzira "raishandiswaโ kumitengo yakakwira simba uye kumanikidzwa kushandisa zvishoma.
Tichifunga nezvekutambura uku kuwedzera kukuru kwemitengo kuri kupa vanhu varombo mukondinendi yose, zvichimanikidza vakawanda kusarudza pakati pekudziisa nekudya, mirangariro yakadaro yehembe yebvudzi inoita seine utsinye kwandiri. Ndinofungidzira kuti havawanzogadzirwa neavo ivo pachavo vanozonetseka kubhadhara mari yavo yekudziya.
Ivowo, ndinofunga, vanopenga mune zvematongerwo enyika. Tichangokwanisa kuunza shanduko inoshamisa muhupfumi hwedu hunodiwa kumisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kana vanhu vese vakabvumirana uye vachitenda kuti ndicho chinhu chakakodzera kuita. Haikwanise kumanikidzirwa pavanhu kunge dosi remafuta echiropa checod. Pane njodzi huru yekuti chiitiko chemamiriro ekunze chinozoonekwa nevanochengetedza, vane rusununguko vepamusoro, uye vanoshongedzwa nevane-bapiro rekurudyi pese pese, vachimhanyisa nyika yedu nekukurumidza kuenda kunjodzi.
Pamudzi weizvi ndiko kutadza kunyatsoona shanduko yemamiriro ekunze senyaya yekirasi. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunowanzoonekwa maererano nenyika dzakasiyana-siyana, nyika yakapfuma ichipikisana neiri kusimukira. Kana kuburitsa kwemunhu kuchipinda mairi, kunogara kuri maavhareji emunhu kurudzi rumwe norumwe.
Ichokwadi kuti munhu wose ari munyika dzakapfuma anofanira kuderedza kubudisa kabhoni, angava akapfuma kana kuti murombo. Asi mavhareji enyika anovharidzira zvakawanda sezvaanozivisa. Sezvineiwo, kuongororwa kutsva nevatambi vashoma vanotarisa kuburitswa kwekabhoni yemapoka akasiyana emari - kunyanya, kuburitswa kwepamusoro gumi muzana uye yepamusoro 10 muzana - kuri kuwana traction.
Kusaenzana muEmissions: Iyo Dhata Inoratidzei?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, dambudziko remamiriro ekunze riri kukonzerwa neboka rakapfuma kwazvo munyika dzese. Ndivo vari kutifambisa zvisina hanya pamusoro pemawere ekuparara kwepasi.
Iyo Oxfam ongororo neStockholm Environment Institute vakawana zvinotevera:
- Kuburitswa kwemunhu pamunhu ari pamusoro pe1% kwakakwira zvakapetwa ka100 pane ari pasi pe50 muzana, uye neka35 kupfuura chinangwa cha2030.
- Kubva muna 1990, 5 muzana yakapfuma ndiyo yakakonzera chinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekukura kwehutsi hwose. Iyo yepamusoro 1 muzana yaive nemhosva kune inopfuura yese yepasi 50 muzana.
- Kune vangangoita makumi maviri muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu - hunoenderana nevashandi uye vakaderera-vepakati makirasi munyika dzakapfuma, kunyanya - kuburitswa kwemunhu kudonha kubva 20 kusvika 1990.
Lucas Chancel naThomas Piketty vakaita a kuongorora kwakafanana, iyo inosanganisira chati inotevera. Unogona kuona kunyura kweavo vari mukuparadzirwa kwepasi rose kunoenderana neboka rekushanda nerepakati-kati munyika dzakapfuma. Kuburitsa kwavo kunoramba kwakakwirisa kuti kuenderane nezvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze, asi zvine musoro kuti ndivo vega boka rakadonha.
Vapfumi vegumi muzana pasi rose vanonyanya kuwanikwa munyika dzakapfuma, asi kwete chete. Zvakadaro kusaenzana kwehutsi hunodzokororwa pamwero wenyika munyika dzakapfuma zvakare. Munyika yose, kuburitswa kwevapfumi zvikuru gumi muzana kunodarika kune kumwe kugoverwa kwemari, ungave uri kuFrance kana India.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakatangawo kutarisa microdata pane "carbon lives" yevakapfuma zvakanyanya. Poshi kudzidza vachiongorora kuburitswa kwemabhirioni ane hupfumi hwenyika makumi maviri vakawana kuti imwe neimwe inoburitsa paavhareji zviuru zvisere zvematani ecarbon dioxide. Kana tichienzanisa, mugari wepakati munyika yakapfuma anobereka anenge matani matanhatu - uye mari inodiwa kurova 1.5 degree C pasi rose kuchengetedza tarisiro inongopfuura matani maviri pamunhu. New ongororo yeakavanzika jet ndege dzevapfumi zvakaratidzawo kuti vane mukurumbira nemabhirioni vanoburitsa kabhoni yakawanda mumaminitsi kupfuura zvinoita vanhuwo zvavo mugore.
Iyo Investments Issue
Kwete chete kuburitsa kwevapfumi kwakakwirisa uye kuri kukura, asi chimiro chekuburitsa kwavo kwakasiyanawo zvachose. Kune vanhu vakapfuma, mazhinji emari yavo - anosvika makumi manomwe muzana - anobva mukudyara kwavo. Izvi zvinoratidza kusaenzana kwese: kuruzhinji rwevanhu, mari inowanikwa kubva kubasa; kune vakapfuma, zvinobva pakudzoka kwemari.
Hupenyu hunobuda hwebhirioni hunogona kunge hwakapetwa kane chiuru pane avhareji, asi mari yavo yekudyara inogona kunge yakapetwa kamirioni. Tiri kushanda pakuongorora kutsva kwemabhirioni ekudyara mari iyo ichaburitswa muna Mbudzi, pamberi pemusangano weUN wegore rino wekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
Vanhu vari padyo nepasi pechiyero chemari kazhinji havana zvakawanda zvesarudzo pamusoro pekuburitsa kabhoni. Vangave vachigara mudzimba dzokurenda dzisina kuvharirwa kana kuti vanofanira kutyaira kuti vaende kubasa nemhaka yezvifambiso zvavose zvisina kukwana. Sezvimwe mune mamwe maitiro ese ehupenyu, kupfuma kwawakaita, sarudzo yauinayo yakawanda, uye iyo yakawanda agency yekushandura hupenyu hwako - mutemo unoshanda kumararamiro ekushandisa emissions, asi zvakatonyanya kune ekudyara kuburitsa. Iwe unosarudza kusarudza kwaunoisa mari yako. Kuenderera mberi kwekubhanga kwemafuta emafuta uye maindasitiri anosvibisa nevapfumi kwazvo, kupfungwa dzangu, saka hazvidzivirirwe zvachose.
Mabhirioni Anofanira Kuramba Ari Murombo Kuti Aponese Nyika Here?
KuOxfam, kunyanya kunetseka kwedu kune avo vari muhafu yevarombo munharaunda, mudunhu rega rega, asi kunyanya munyika dziri muGlobal South. Tinoda kuti munhu wose ari pasi pano asava nezvaanoda kuti ararame asi zvaanoda kuti abudirire. (Chekutanga) - Munhu wese anekodzero yekuchengetedzwa, kuwana mari yakanaka, imba yakanaka, kurapwa pachena, zvikoro, zvifambiso zveveruzhinji, mapaki. Mhuri imwe neimwe inofanira kuva nefiriji neterevhizheni. Wese munhu anofanirwa kuwana smartphone, komputa, uye internet.
Kune vamwe, kutya ndekwekuti kana tikaita izvozvo uye tikagonesa 8 bhiriyoni yedu kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka, isu tichakurumidza kukunda simba rekutakura renyika yedu, kwete chete kabhoni asi kune imwe. miganhu yemapuraneti zvakare. Kutya uku kwekukura kwevanhu muGlobal South kunowanzo shandiswa kuendesa mhosva kunyika dzichiri kusimukira: vamwe vanopokana kuti kunyangwe mhosva yekuburitsa kabhoni ingave yaive nenhoroondo yenyika dzakapfuma, atova mabhiriyoni evanhu vekuChina neIndia vatinofanira kunetsekana navo. .
Ongororo yakanyatso ratidza ndeyekuti mazana emamiriyoni akatiza urombo pasi rose mumakore makumi maviri apfuura anongova chikamu chidiki chekuwedzera kunoshamisa kwehutsi. Muchokwadi, ingangoita hafu yekukurumidza kukurumidza kukura mukubuda kwese - uye kuwedzera kwemurindiri munjodzi nekukuvara kwemamiriro ekunze - hazvina kuitika kubatsira varombo hafu yehuwandu hwenyika. Izvo zvinongobvumidzwa vakato pfuma yepamusoro gumi muzana kuti vawedzere mashandisiro avo uye vawedzere kabhoni tsoka dzavo.
Ichokwadi kuti, dai taizogara pamazinga azvino ekusaenzana, kuti tipe hupenyu hwakanaka kune vese, kukura kweGDP kwepasi rose kwaizofanira kuwedzera kupfuura kugona kwepasi redu kuitsigira. Mumakore makumi mana apfuura, dhora rega rega mukukura kweGDP yepasi rose rakaona masendi makumi mana nematanhatu achienda pamusoro pegumi muzana, uye chete masendi mapfumbamwe anoenda kuhafu yepasi. mutsa. Zvikamu gumi kubva muzana zvevanhu vakagamuchira isingasviki chikamu chimwe chedhora rega rega mukukura kwemari yepasi rose. Kugoverwa uku hakuna kunaka uye kusashanda zvekuti kusimudza vanhu vese pamusoro pehurombo hwemadhora mashanu pazuva kunoda kuti hupfumi hwenyika huvepo. Kukura zvakapetwa ka173 pane zvariri. Izvozvo hazvigoneki kwezvakatipoteredza.
Izvi zvinoreva here kuti zvinangwa zvekurarama kwepasi uye hupenyu hwakanaka kune vese hazvipindirani? Kuti kuponesa pasi redu, ruzhinji rwevanhu runofanira kuramba ruri murombo uye nenzara? Kwete hazvo. Zvose zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekusaenzana.
Zvave zviri zvakanyatsozivikanwa kuti vanhu pasi rose, kana vakabvunzwa kuti nyika dzavo hadzina kuenzana sei, nguva dzose uye zvikuru vanorerutsa kukura kwekupatsanurwa. Uye kana vakabvunzwa nezvedanho ravanoda re "kusaenzana kwakanaka," nepo izvi zvichisiyana pakati penzanga, ruzhinji runoda nguva dzose kuti nzanga yavo ive yakaenzana zvakanyanya kupfuura zvayakaita.
Chidzidzo chechangobva kuitika mu muzvarirwo akatora zvido zvekusaenzana izvi ndokuzvibatanidza nekubuda kwekabhoni kunodiwa kuti munhu wese ari panyika ave nazvo mararamiro akanaka. Vakaona kuti kana nzanga dzepasi rese dzakanyatsoenderana neizvo vagari vadzo vaifunga kuti yaive nhanho "yakanaka" kusaenzana, zvaizogoneka kuti vanhu vese vave nekurarama kwakanaka uye kugara mukati memiganhu yesimba kudzivirira 1.5 madhigirii ekupisa kwepasirese.
Humbowo huri pachena kuti vanhu vakapfuma kwazvo munharaunda yedu chikamu chikuru chedambudziko, kuburikidza nemararamiro avo eumbozha uye nekudyara kwavo kunobvisa hupfumi hwemafuta. Kuderedzwa kukuru mukusaenzana ndiyo nzira chete iyo munhu wese pasi pano anogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka uye kuvimbisa ramangwana repasi redu.
Nzira Itsva Yese Yekutarisa Kurwisa Kuparara Kwemamiriro ekunze
Tichitarisa kuburitswa kwemapoka emari akasiyana uye chimiro cheiyo inoburitsa ine mukana wekushandura mamiriro ekunze. Kuchengeta chero mwero weruvengo, vakapfuma vanofanirwa kuita kucheka kukuru kune avo vanoburitsa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi munyika dzose dzakapfuma nedzichiri kusimukira.
Izvi zvinoreva, semuenzaniso, kuti isu hatifanirwe kunge tisina mutero wakadzikama kabhoni asi mutero unofambira mberi wekabhoni: kana ukanyanya kushandisa kabhoni, mutero waunobhadhara unokwirisa. Zvekudyara zvinosvibisa zvinofanirwa kuve nekuwedzera mutero wekuranga wakaiswa pazviri kana, zviri nani zvakadaro, kungorambidzwa. Zvinhu zveumbozha nemajeti ega ega zvinofanirwa kubhadhariswa mutero wakanyanya kana kurambidzwa zvakanyanya. Chiito chega chega chenyika chekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze chinofanira kutorwa zvishoma nezvishoma, nenzira dzinoita kuti vapfumi, vepamusoro-soro vabvise mari yakawanda, uye zvichibatsira mukuwedzera kuenzana, kwete kusaenzana.
Kuwedzera kwemitero kune vakapfuma uye paupfumi, pamwe nemamwe mafambiro ekukurumidza kuderedza kusaenzana, zvinotorawo kukosha kwemamiriro ekunze matsva. Pasi redu haringokwanisi kutenga vakapfuma zvikuru.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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