Kugona kuti chero nyika ipi zvayo itsigire nharaunda yeruzhinji inobudirira, yakazvimiririra uye inozvitonga, ingangoita muchidimbu, inotemerwa pamusoro pekuwanikwa kwakagadzirira kwenzvimbo yeruzhinji, yakavhurirwa kushandiswa mahara nemapoka akasiyana-siyana nezvido zvinoumba veruzhinji. MuchiGiriki, 'Agora' semuenzaniso, rinoreva nzvimbo yeruzhinji kune zvinangwa zvakadaro: zvakangofanana nerechinyakare 'guta square'. Sechinyakare, nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzakadai dzaifanira kuwanikwa pakati penzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, zvichibvumira mapoka akasiyana-siyana kuronga uye kutaura pfungwa dzavo muforamu yakazaruka.
Nhasi, zvisinei, munzvimbo dzedu dzemudhorobha, nekuwanda kwenzvimbo dzekutengesa, 'nzvimbo yeruzhinji' ye 'nzvimbo dzevagari vepasi' yakave yakazvimiririra, uye mikana yekutaura inongogumira kune avo vane homwe dzakadzika zvakakwana kuti vabhadhare ropafadzo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mapoka evagari vemunyika, masangano enharaunda nemafambisirwo emagariro haabatanidzwi pane chero basa rinokosha muzviitiko zve'mazuva ese' zvevanhu vazhinji.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, 'civil sphere' iri kuderedzwa kusvika pachikamu chekushandisa, pasina chiyero chemahara, masangano akazvimirira ega. Mashopu emazuva ano, nokudaro, akazara nezvitoro zvikuru, matare ezvokudya, masupamaketi nezvitoro zvinokosha. Vachishaya chero imwe nzira yekutandarira kana foramu, zviuru zvinodirana kune aya mall anokura zuva nezuva kuti vatore mukushandisa sevatengi veatomu.
Sezvineiwo, nekushaikwa kwenzvimbo yakapihwa munharaunda, masangano ezvematongerwo enyika uye emitambo, ichi chiratidziro ndicho chapedyo nharaunda dzakawanda dzinouya pakuunzwa pamwe chete mukubatana kwevanhu. Hurombo hweveruzhinji, nokudaro, hunobatika.
Dambudziko harisi kupera nekuwanda kwenzvimbo dzekutengesera, zvisinei, nekutarisa kwavo chete pakushandisa kunze kwemamwe maratidziro ehupenyu hweveruzhinji.
Mayunivhesiti mazhinji uye makoreji anoshaya nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuti vadzidzi varonge zvetsika, zvemitambo kana zviitiko zvemagariro, kana kutaura pachena uye nekusimudzira zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukosha kumoyo yavo.
Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anowedzerwa muAustralia nemutemo unodzvanyirira we'Voluntary Student Unionism': wakaunzwa neveConservatives, uye zvino uchitsigirwa kunyange nebato rinopikisa reLabour Party: mutemo une chinangwa chekudzora chero rudzi rwecampus 'civic sphere' uye sangano revadzidzi rinozvimiririra. Kurasikirwa kwekumiririrwa kwevadzidzi kunoshanda, vezvenhau vevadzidzi vanotora chikamu, uye kubviswa kwemari yemabasa evadzidzi kunoshoresa kupokana uye kutora chikamu muhupenyu hwekambasi.
Saizvozvo, pasi pevanochengetedza muAustralia, masangano anobatsira neasiri Hurumende (NGOs) akatyisidzirwa nekurasikirwa nekubvisirwa mutero kana vakashora mutemo weveruzhinji. Kudzvinyirirwa kwenharaunda kunoratidzika kunge kusingagumi.
'Sosaiti yevagari vemo' yave kurumbira-izwi mumakore achangopfuura. Kazhinji, rave richishandiswa mukupikisa 'Nyika', uye rinotorwa serinoreva nzvimbo yevagari vanozvimirira uye masangano ehurumende. Hongu, kupatsanurwa kudiki pakati pevagari vemo ('yakanaka'), uye Nyika ('yakaipa'), imhando yekurerutsa iyo vagari vanofanirwa kuve vasina chokwadi nazvo. Pamusoro pazvo, 'Sosaiti Yevanhu' inzvimbowo yeguta guru, rine simba rinovimbiswa, zvakare, neHurumende.
Nekusiyana, nharaunda yeruzhinji inoratidzwa nemusanganiswa wakakodzera weruzhinji, mubatanidzwa uye muridzi wepachivande anogona kumiririra zvirinani kuwanda kwezvido nezvinzvimbo zvinoumba nzanga yanhasi. 'Mixed public sphere', pane kukwezva kune 'iyo yakaderera common denominator', panzvimbo pezvo inogona kusanganisa tapestry yevatori vechikamu, maonero uye zvido zvavo.
Chido chenzvimbo inozvimiririra ye'civic sphere', inoumbwa nemasangano evagari - masangano evatengi, masangano etsika, masangano emitambo, masangano erubatsiro nezvitendero, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika, masangano evashandi, mafambisirwo emagariro - ndiyo iri musimboti werusununguko uye magariro. mutemo wedemocracy.
Kune avo vedu vanoshuvira kuona nharaunda ine simba, inozvitonga yeruzhinji ichiita seyakapikisa kuwanda kweimwe nzira iyo ruzivo rwunoyerera, kubiridzira kwenzvimbo yeruzhinji kunonyanya kunetseka.
Nepo kusimukira kweinternet kwaona kusimukira kwe 'nzvimbo chaiyo': maforamu ekutora chikamu egakava nenhaurirano, zvingangoitika pano zvinokanganiswa nekushaikwa kwenzvimbo chaiyo uye yepanyama yekushandiswa kwevagari vemo uye mapoka anofarira.
Kuedza kudzora budiriro nekuronga kuitira kuchengetedza kuvepo kwenzvimbo dzepakati, dzakafumurwa zvakanyanya, nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzemasangano everuzhinji, kuunganidza uye kukakavara, pasina mubvunzo zvingamutsa hasha dzeindasitiri huru iyo yakura maererano nebudiriro yezvitoro.
Izvi, zvisineyi, hazvifanire kutitadzisa kutora danho rine misimboti, uye kubva mukuita mune chaiyo mamwe ekutaura kwamuka, mumakore achangopfuura, maererano nezwi rekuti 'sosaiti yeruzhinji'.
Chinangwa chekusimudzira nharaunda ine simba, inoshingaira uye yakasiyana-siyana yevagari vemo inogonawo kunyatsozadzikiswa nekubatanidza inoshingaira uye yakakosha ajenda yeugari muzvidzidzo zvezvikoro zvedu. Pano, basa revanhu uye sainzi yemagariro - kusanganisira nhoroondo - ndiyo yakakosha. Nyaya yakadai yakanyatsokodzera chinyorwa pachayo, zvisinei: saka ikozvino tichatarisa kunetseka kwenzvimbo yevagari vemo.
Sechinonyanya kukosha, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika pasi rose anofanirwa kudzika mutemo wekuronga, uchiverengera kupihwa kunomanikidzwa kwekuratidzwa kwepamusoro, nzvimbo iri pakati peveruzhinji nechinangwa chekutaura pachena, kuunganidza uye kurongeka.
Nyanzvi mumunda dzinofanirwa kupihwa basa rekubatsira mukunyorwa kwemutemo wakadaro, nechinangwa chekupa, kuburikidza nekuronga nekusimudzira mutemo, hwaro hwekutonga hwekusikwa kwenzvimbo yevagari vemo, uye nekudaro yeyakasimbiswa, inobatanidzwa yeruzhinji.
Pakupedzisira, kumativi ose ezvematongerwo enyika, vashandi uye vanoita mitemo vanofanira kuongorora zvakare basa rehurumende, kunyanya mukugovera nzvimbo yemagariro evanhu uye yeruzhinji. Kudai zvinhu zvitsva zvaizopihwa uye zviri zvehurumende yenzvimbo, nekubatsirwa kwemari yehurumende neyehurumende, zvaizova nyore, mukuda kweruzhinji, kupokana nepfungwa yekombisheni inokonzeresa kushomeka kwemabasa eruzhinji kunze kwekushandisa.
Kune vamwe vedu izvi zvingaite sekunetseka kudiki, toti, zvichienzaniswa nekurwiswa kuri kuramba kuchiitika kwekodzero dzevashandi, hutano hweveruzhinji, dzidzo yeveruzhinji, uye dambudziko rekugona kurarama kuri kutadza kugadzirisa. Mubvunzo wenzvimbo yeruzhinji, zvisinei, uri musimboti wezvatiri, kuti tinoronga sei uye tinorarama sei, uye kuti tinodyidzana sei kune mumwe nemumwe zuva nezuva.
'Virtual space' yakapihwa kuburikidza neinternet yakakosha. Iyo internet inopa akawanda matsva nzira dze 'virtual mobilisation', sezvinoratidzwa nekusimuka kwewebhu-based mafambiro senge 'Avaaz'. http://www.avaaz.org/en/about.php uye, muAustralia, nesangano re'GetUp'. http://www.getup.org.au/ .
Mubvunzo wekupa civic 'chaiyo nzvimbo', chokwadi, yakakodzera kutariswa pachayo. Virtual space, sekunge ine electronic participatory media, neimwe nzira, 'new horizon'.
Asi kuunza vanhu pamwechete muchikonzero chakafanana pane 'zviso nechiso' zvakabatana: kuunganidza kwakadaro kuchiri kuine simba guru. Pano, pane mukana chaiwo we 'nzvimbo yeruzhinji' uye 'nzvimbo yeruzhinji' kuti vabatsirane mudenderedzwa rakanaka. Kubva kuMasangano Asiri eHurumende nemapoka evamiriri; kumasangano nemapato ezvematongerwo enyika zvakanyanya pachena; Kumakirabhu emitambo, masangano anobatsira uye nemasangano enharaunda: ruzhinji rwemasangano eruzhinji rwakamira kuti rubatsire kuumba kuwedzera kwezvose zviri zviviri uye zvemuviri 'nzvimbo yeruzhinji'.
Pamwe chete nekupihwa kwekutora chikamu pamhepo midhiya, chero kumutsidzirwa kwehugari hunoshanda muAustralia uye kumwe kunhu kunoenderana nechikamu pakupihwa kweiyo chaiyo yemuviri uye yeruzhinji zvivakwa uye nzvimbo inodiwa kuti zviitike. Ino ndiyo nguva yekushinga nekuvandudza mutemo: kusimudzira nharaunda yeruzhinji inotora chikamu inosvika kunze kwezvinovhiringidza zvekushandisa chete.
Tristan Ewins munyori akazvimirira, nhengo yenguva refu yeAustralia Labor Party uye mudzidzisi ane hunyanzvi. Akaburitswa zvakanyanya: muThe Canberra Times, iyo Center for Policy Development (CPD), On Line Opinion, ZNet, Arena Magazine, Australian Socialist - uye kumwewo.
Mazhinji emabasa emunyori anogona kuwanikwa pane anotevera maURL:
http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/author.asp?id=208
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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