Philip Agee aimbova mushandi weCIA akasiya sangano iri muna 1967 mushure mekuodzwa mwoyo nerutsigiro rweCIA pamamiriro ezvinhu munharaunda. Anodaro Agee, 'Ndakatanga kuona kuti izvo ini nevamwe vandaishanda navo taive tichiita muLatin America muCIA zvaingove kuenderera mberi kwemakore anoda kusvika mazana mashanu eizvi, kushandiswa uye kuponda uye zvichingodaro. Uye ndakatanga kufunga pamusoro pechii, kusvikira panguva iyoyo chaizove chisingambofungiki, chaiva chokunyora bhuku pamusoro pokuti rinoshanda sei.' ndimi makumi matatu. Muna 1978, makore matatu mushure mekuburitswa kweCIA Diary, Agee neboka revatapi venhau vane pfungwa dzakafanana vakatanga kuburitsa Covert Operations Information Bulletin (ikozvino. Unganidzo Chiito Quarterly), sechikamu chechirongwa che 'guerilla journalism' chakanangana nekukanganisa CIA nekufumura mashandiro avo.
Hazvishamisi kuti mhinduro yehurumende yeUnited States neCIA kunyanya kubasa raAgee yave yakanyanyisa, uye akamanikidzwa kugovera nguva yake kubva kuma1970 pakati peGermany neCuba. Parizvino anomiririra kambani yeCanada petroleum tekinoroji muLatin America.
Zvisinei nekumhan'ara kuchangobva kuitika kweanopikisa Chavez enhau munhau dzeUS, uye kutaura kwekutyisidzira kwakaitwa neruzhinji rwevakuru vehurumende yeUS kumaDhipatimendi ese eHurumende neDziviriro, Agee anoona zano reUS rekunyomba muVenezuela. Kuvaka pamusoro pebasa renyanzvi William I. Robinson pakupindira kweUS muNicaragua mumakore ekuma1980, uye magwaro achangobva kubuda anotsanangura CIA nehurumende yeUS muVenezuela, Agee anoratidza kuti zano reCIA re 'kusimudzira demokrasi' riri kushanda muVenezuela. .
Sezvakaitika kuNicaragua kuma1980s, nheyo dzakatevedzana dziri kupa mamiriyoni emadhora emari kumauto anopikisa muVenezuela, yakaitwa nekambani yakazvimirira yakapihwa neUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID). Mutevedzeri Munyori weHurumende, Bureau yeWestern Hemisphere Affairs Roger Noriega munguva pfupi yapfuura akasimbisa kuzvipira kweDhipatimendi reHurumende kune chirongwa ichi, achiudza Senate Foreign Relations Committee musi waKurume 2nd, 2005, 'tichatsigira demokrasi muVenezuela kuitira kuti varambe vachichengetedza. Nzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika yavanopihwa kodzero.'Kupihwa mari kweizvi 'zvinhu zvegutsaruzhinji'ine chinangwa chayo chekupedzisira kubatana kwevapikisi veVenezuela vakapatsanuka (yaimbova yakaunganidzwa muCoordinadora Democratica) yesarudzo dzePresident dziri kuuya muna 2006. Asi kutadza kukunda muna 2006. 2012, inoyambira Agee, iyo CIA et al. zvicharamba zviripo, maziso avo akatarira kusarudzo dza2018, uye sarudzo dzaXNUMX, ad infinitum, ‘nokuti chiri mungozi kugadzikana kwegadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika muUnited States, uye chengeteko yeboka rezvamatongerwe enyika muUnited States.’
Unoona sei zviri kuitika muVenezuela?
Apo Chavez akasarudzwa kekutanga uye ndakatanga kutevera zviitiko pano, ndaigona kuona manyoro pamadziro, sezvandaigona kuona muChile muna 1970, sezvandaikwanisa kuzviona muNicaragua muna 1979-80. Pakanga pasina panikiro mupfungwa dzangu kuti United States yaizoedza kuchinja mafambiro ezviitiko muVenezuela sezvayakaita muChile nomuNicaragua, uye izvozvo zvisati zvaitika mune dzimwe nyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Nehurombo, ndakanga ndisina nguva yekunyatsotevera zviitiko zuva nezuva, asi ndakaedza kuzvitevera ndiri kure, uye pakupedzisira Eva Golinger paakatanga webhusaiti yake yakauya kwandiri uye ndakatanga kuverenga mamwe ezvinyorwa pa. iyo webhusaiti uye ini ndaigona kuona kushandiswa pano kwemaitiro akafanana akashandiswa muNicaragua muma1980 mukupinda kwemasangano ehurumende uye kuedza kupesvedzera maitiro ezvematongerwo enyika uye maitiro esarudzo muno muVenezuela. MuNicaragua ndaive muna 1979 ndinofunga, mushure mekunge maSandinistas atora, ndakanyora ongororo yezvandaitenda kuti ichava chirongwa cheUS ipapo uye zvese zvandakanyora nezvazvo zvakaitika, nekuti nzira idzi, kuburikidza neCIA, kuburikidza neAID, kuburikidza ne State Department, uye kubvira 1984 kuburikidza neNational Endowment for Democracy, vese vanotevedzera imwe nzira. MuNicaragua chirongwa chekupesvedzera zvakabuda musarudzo dzemuna 1990 chakatanga rinenge gore nehafu sarudzo dzisati dzaitwa, chekubatanidza vanopikisa, pakuumba sangano revagari vemo, zvinhu zvose izvi zvinoita sezviri kuitika zvakare muVenezuela. Saka uku ndiko kufarira kwangu mune zvematongerwo enyika muVenezuela, kuona zvinhu izvi zvichiitika uye kunyora nguva nenguva nezvazvo.
Ndeipi yaive nzira yakasarudzika yehungwaru hweUS pawaive kuCIA, kuchengetedza US 'zvido zvehurongwa' muLatin America?
Pandakanga ndiri mubazi kubva mukupera kwema1950 kusvika mukupera kwema1960, sangano iri raive nemashandiro aienda kune dzimwe nyika, mudunhu, uye munyika, achiedza kupinda nekushandisa masangano emasimba munyika dzepasirese, uye izvi ndizvo zvinhu zvandakaita. zvakaitwa muCIA'” kupinda nekunyengera kwemapato ezvematongerwo enyika, masangano evashandi, vechidiki nekufamba kwevadzidzi, nzanga dzehungwaru, nyanzvi netsika, mapoka ezvitendero nemapoka evakadzi uye kunyanya vezvenhau. Isu, semuenzaniso, takabhadhara vatori venhau kuti vaburitse ruzivo rwedu sekunge rwaiva ruzivo rwevatapi venhau. Kuparadzira mashoko kwaienderera mberi. Takabvisawo mari zhinji tichipindira musarudzo tichifarira vanhu vatinokwikwidza pane vamwe. CIA yakatora maonero eManichean epasirese, kureva kuti paive nevanhu vaive kudivi redu, uye kwaive nevanhu vaipesana nesu. Uye basa resangano iri raive rekupinda, kunetesa, kupatsanura, nekuparadza masimba ezvematongerwo enyika aionekwa semuvengi, ayo ari kuruboshwe kwevamiriri vevanhu, kazhinji, uye kutsigira nekusimbisa masimba ezvematongerwo enyika aionekwa seaive. hushamwari kune zvido zveUS mumasangano ese aya ndangotaura maminetsi mashoma apfuura.
Rimwe rematambudziko aigara aripo neCIA kubva pakutanga kwemhando idzi dzekushanda, ndiko kuti 1947, kwaive kuomerwa kwakaitwa vanhu nemasangano akagamuchira mari yavo mukuvharisa, nekuti kana wawana mari zhinji ichipinda. zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuvanza. Saka sangano, pakutanga, rakatanga nhevedzano yenheyo, kana kuita gadziriro nenheyo dzakasimbiswa. Dzimwe nguva nheyo dzesangano dzaingove 'nheyo dzemapepa' dzinotungamirwa negweta muWashington pachibvumirano cheCIA. Kubva kumavambo ekuma1950 chirongwa chepasi rose cheNational Students Association of the United States'”iri isangano reYunivhesiti riri pamakampasi ese'” chaiitwa neCIA, chirongwa chepasi rose cheNational Students Association chaive CIA kushanda. Uye seMutungamiriri wega wega weNSA aiuya muhofisi nekufamba kwemakore vakaudzwa nezvekuti chirongwa ichi chepasi rose chakashanda sei pasi pekutungamirwa neCIA. Asi murume akauya muHutungamiri hweNSA muna 1966'” uye ino inguva yehondo yeVietnam neboka rekuratidzira'” akaramba kuenderera, uye akataura nyaya yese kuRamparts Magazine muCalifornia, magazini yakanga ine batano nechechi yeRoma. Uye Ramparts akaburitsa nyaya iyi achigadzira nyonganiso huru. Zvakanaka, hazvina kugumira ipapo, nekuti nhau dzese dzakatora nyaya yeRamparts uye muna Kukadzi 1967 iyo Washington Post yakaburitsa kufumurwa kwenguva refu kweCIA's international funding network. Nemamwe mazwi vakatumidza nheyo, uye akati wandei emasangano anogamuchira ekunze eCIA mari mumasangano akasiyana andambotaura "mapato ezvematongerwo enyika, masangano evashandi, masangano evadzidzi, zvichingodaro" uye yaive njodzi kune agency. Ndakanga ndiri kudzimbahwe pakati pemigove muEcuador neUruguay pakaitika izvi, uye yakanga iri njodzi huru kuCIA.
Mukati memwedzi isingasviki miviri, mushure mekuparara kwechishandiso chemari chepasi rose, Dante Fascell' ”nhengo yeImba yeVamiriri veMiami, ine hukama hwepedyo neCIA uye nerudyi-bapiro vekuCuba-America muMiami' ” Congress kugadzwa kwehwaro husiri hwehurumende hwaizowana mari kubva kuCongress uye yaizoendesa mari yacho pachena kumasangano akasiyana ayo kusvika panguva iyoyo angadai akapihwa mari neCIA muchivande, pasi petafura. Asi uyu wanga uri 1967 uye kubvumirana kwebi-partisan pagwaro rekunze, kusvika padanho, rakaputswa uye saka chikumbiro cheFascell hakuna kwachakaenda.
Nechikonzero ichocho CIA yakaramba ichienderera, kunyangwe mushure mekuparara kwemaitiro ayo emari dzepasi rose, kuve sangano rekuita basa rehurumende yeUS muzviitiko izvi zvinozivikanwa se'kuvanda mabasa.' Semuyenzaniso, CIA yaive nebasa rekukanganisa hurumende yeSalvador Allende mu. Chile kubva 1970 zvichienda mberi. Zvinoitika kuti Allende akanga ava kuda kusarudzwa muna 1958. Sarudzo dzakauya makore ose e6 muChile uye muna 1964, gore rinotevera resarudzo, CIA yakatanga mangwanani-ngwanani, inopfuura gore mberi kwenguva, ichishanda kudzivirira kusarudzwa kwake muna 1964. Mari yacho. chakashandiswa muchidimbu kuzvidza Allende nebato reSocialist nemubatanidzwa wake unozivikanwa seUnidad Popular uye kupa mari pamushandirapamwe waEduardo Frei'”Christian Democratic campaign. Frei akakunda sarudzo iyoyo, asi pakazotevera sarudzo muna 1970 Allende akazosarudzwa. Zvakanyorwa kuti CIA yakaedza kudzivirira kubvumidzwa kwake neCongress zvichitevera sarudzo nekumutsa mauto, izvo zvakatadza. Allende akatora simba uye iyo CIA ndiyo yaive iyo hurongwa hwekukurudzira kusagutsikana kwakakurumbira, yekuenderera mberi nekunyepedzera kupikisa Allende nehurumende yake, nekuda kwekusimudzira kurohwa kwakaipisisa kwakaitika, chakanyanya kukosha chaive vatyairi, vakamisa kuendeswa kwezvinhu uye. masevhisi kwemwedzi yakati wandei, uye zvakazomutsa Pinochet coup kurwisa Allende munaGunyana 1973.
Pave nekuchinja kukuru muCIA zano kubva pawakasiya agency mu1968?
Hongu, zvachose. Mumakore ekuma1970 maive neudzvanyiriri hwemauto hune hutsinye muCono Sur [Southern Cone]’”Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, uyezve, muChile naPinochet. Uye izvi zvese zvakatsigirwa neCIA, nenzira. Pakanga pari panguva iyi apo maitiro ekufunga kutsva akatanga kumusoro kwevagadziri veUS yekune dzimwe nyika, kufunga kutsva kuri kwekuti udzvanyiriri hwemauto uhwu, nehudzvanyiriri hwese uye kutsakatika uye mapoka erufu uye zvichingodaro, zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo. nzira yakanakisa yekuchengetedza zvido zveUS muLatin America, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyaya iyoyo. Mafungiro matsva aive ekuti kuchengetedzwa kwezvido zveUS kwaigona kuitwa zvirinani kuburikidza nekusarudzwa kwehurumende dzegutsaruzhinji dzakaumbwa nevakuru vezvematongerwo enyika vanosangana neboka rezvematongerwo enyika muUnited States. Pano handirevi mauto akakurumbira, asi mapoka ezvematongerwo enyika echinyakare muLatin America, kutaura nezvenzvimbo imwe chete, inozivikanwa se'Oligarchies.' Uye saka chirongwa chitsva cheAmerica, chakazozivikanwa se'Project Democracy,' chakagamuchirwa uye United. Hurongwa hweNyika huchatsvaga kusimudzira sarudzo dzegutsaruzhinji dzakasununguka, dzakachena, dzakajeka asi nenzira yekuti zvaizoita kuti simba riende kune vepamusoro kwete kuvanhu.
Nheyo dzakavambwa dzinonzi 'American Political Foundation' muna 1979 nekutora chikamu kukuru kubva kunzvimbo huru yevashandi muUnited States iyo AFL-CIO, neUnited States Chamber of Commerce uye nemapato eDemocratic neRepublican, masangano mana makuru, uye. mari yenheyo iyi yakabva kuhurumende uye kubva kumasangano akazvimirira. Basa ravo rakanga riri rokudzidza kuti United States ingashandisa zvakanakisisa sei kufunga kutsva uku mukusimudzira demokrasi. Mhinduro yaive National Endowment for Democracy (NED) uye nheyo dzayo ina dzakabatana: International Republican Institute (IRI) yeRepublican Party, National Democratic Institute (NDI) yeDemocratic Party, American Center of International Labor Solidarity (ACILS). ) yeAFL-CIO, uye Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) yeUnited States Chamber of Commerce. Panenge paine hwaro hweAFL-CIO, vakatora sangano raivepo rakanga rashanda vakabatana-mu-gurovhosi neCIA kwemakore akawanda rainzi American Institute for Free Labor Development (AIFLD), vakangochinja zita.[1]
Iyo NED inoshanda sei chaizvo neCIA?
Nzira ingave yekuti kongiresi yaizopa mamirioni emadhora kuNational Endowment for Democracy uye National Endowment yobva yaendesa mari iyi kune yavanodaidza kuti 'core foundations' ayo aive mafoundation mana aya, ivo vobva vapa. mari kune vanogamuchira kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvese zvakatanga muna 1984, uye mumwe wevakatanga kupihwa mari kubva kuNED aive Cuban American National Foundation (CANF), iyo yaive panguva iyoyo nzvimbo yevanyanyisi vevanhu nemasangano anopikisa Castro muUnited States. Asi muedzo chaiwo wegadziriro itsva iyi wakauya muNicaragua. MuNicaragua kubvira 1979-1980 iyo CIA yaive nechirongwa ichi chekuronga mauto ehondo anopikisa kana mauto akazozivikanwa seContras, nehurongwa nesangano uye backup zvese zvichibva kunzvimbo muHonduras. Vakazopinza chimwe chinhu chakaita semagandanga 15,000 1987, akakundwa neuto reSandinista. Pakasvika 3,000 vakanga vatyisidzira rutivi rwenyika, vakanga vaparira nzufu dzinenge XNUMX XNUMX, uye vamwe vakawanda vakaremara kwoupenyu hwose. Kwakanga kuri kurwisa kwemagandanga kumaruwa, havana kukwanisa mumakore ose iwayo kutora musha mumwe chete voubata. Saka vakakundwa muchiuto.
Pakazosvika 1987, Central America yakanga yaneta nehondo: El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua. Uye paive nemusangano weVatungamiri venyika idzi mutaundi reGuatemala rinonzi Esquipulas uye vakaita zvibvumirano zvega" United States yanga isiri bato pane izvi "izvo zvaisanganisira kubvisirwa zvombo kweContras uye kumisa pfuti mukati. nyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Saka kuNicaragua kwaive nekumiswa kwehondo, asi CIA haina kubvisa Contras zvombo nekuti vaiziva kuti sarudzo dzaiuya muna 1990 uye vaida kuchengetedza Contras sekutyisidzira. Kunyange zvazvo maContras akanga akundwa muchiuto muna 1987 akanga akonzera matambudziko makuru ehupfumi uye maNicaragua akanga achitambura zvakanyanya kubva mukuparadzwa.
Zvichitevera zvibvumirano izvi zveEsquipulas, mutemo weUS wakachinja. Kunyanya kusimbiswa kwakaiswa pakupinda kwemasangano everuzhinji uye kusimbaradzwa kwemauto anopikisa kuSandinista Liberation Front (FSLN), uye imwe yenzira idzi yaive yekusimbisa iyo yaizivikanwa seCoordinadora Democratica Nicaraguense, iyo yaisanganisira yakavanzika. vatungamiri vemabhizimusi, vemamwe masangano evashandi aipokana neSandinista, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika anopikisa maSandinista, uye masangano anopikisa maSandinista. Kambani yakazvimirira yoga inozivikanwa seDelphi International Group yakapihwa basa rekuita mabasa ekukurudzira sarudzo dziri kuuya muna 1990. Uye vakazowana mari yakawanda kupfuura dzose, uye vakaita basa guru mugadziriro yesarudzo. muna 1990. NED yanga ichishandawo muNicaragua kubva muna 1984 zvichienda mberi, uye NED nenheyo dzayo'”dzose dziri ina'” dzainge dzakashingairira kupinda nekuedza kupesvedzera maitirwo esarudzo muNicaragua anotanga munenge muna 1988. asi zvinonyatsoenda muna 1989. Kuti vavhoti vanopesana neSandinista vabude uye vatarise sarudzo kuti vagadzire mauto ezvematongerwo enyika anopikisa Sandinista, CIA neNED vakagadzira nharaunda inonzi Via Civica uye basa ravo raizivikanwa raive dzidzo yezvematongerwo enyika uye kuratidzira. , civic action, non-partisan civic action. Apo chaizvoizvo mabasa avo ose akagadzirirwa kusimbisa divi rinopikisa Sandinista. Saka kutanga kwaive neCoordinadora, ndokuzotevera Via Civica, uye pakupedzisira kubatana kwevanopikisa, uye havana kuzadzisa izvi kusvika muna Nyamavhuvhu wa1989, ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu sarudzo dzisati dzaitwa, kunonoka, asi vanga vachishanda pazviri. kwenguva refu, uye pamapato makumi maviri anopikisa ezvematongerwo enyika, vakabatana'”vazhinji kuburikidza nechiokomuhomwe'”gumi nemana emapato aya uye vakaridaidza kuti United Nicaraguan Opposition (UNO). Uye UNO yakamhanyisa mumiriri mumwechete kune ese akasiyana zvinzvimbo, uye United States yakasarudza Violeta Chamoro kuti akwikwidze seMutungamiri.
MunaGunyana 1989 pakanga paine chibvumirano chinoshamisa pakati pehurumende yeUS nemaSandinistas, umo maSandinistas aizobvumira United States kuunza US $ 9 miriyoni kutsigira vanopikisa, kana United States ikavimbisa kuti CIA yaisazounza chero. imwe mari yekuisa pakurwisa maSandinistas. Uye zvinoshamisa kuti maSandinistas akabvumirana nazvo, uye chinhu chekutanga chakaitika ndechekuti CIA yakaunza mamirioni emadhora akawanda, hongu. Murume akanyora bhuku iri paNicaragua muma1980 uye nezvesarudzo idzi muna 1990 ndiBill Robinson, mudzidzi, akararama kwenguva yakati rebei yema1980 muNicaragua, uye bhuku rake rinonzi A Faustian Bargain. Ibhuku rakanakisa, rakanyorwa zvakanaka, rakanyorwa zvakanaka. Akafungidzira kuti United States yakashandisa chimwe chinhu chinodarika US$20 miriyoni musarudzo dza1990. Uye sekuziva kunoita munhu wese, vaSandinista vakarasika; mubatanidzwa weUNO wakahwina chimwe chinhu chakaita se56% yevhoti, uye maSandinistas 40% kana chimwe chinhu chakadaro. Uye mabasa aya akatangwa kuitira kuti maSandinista akundwe musarudzo dzemuna 1990, akaenderera mberi achivimbisa kuti maSandinista aisazopinda pachigaro musarudzo dzinotevera, uye ndizvo zvave zvakadaro.
Iyi modhi yakashandiswa sei kuVenezuela?
MuVenezuela, mune chimwe chinhu chakada kufanana: une Coordinadora Democratica pano, inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakafanana zvemasangano akafanana neNicaragua, kunyangwe kubva pane zvandaverenga zvadonha zvakanyanya kana zvishoma panguva ino. Asi vachazvimutsa ndine chokwadi. Une sangano pano rinonzi harina bato uye rakazvipira kuvhota uye kuona kuti sarudzo dzakachena inova Súmate. Iwe une yakavanzika US consulting group pano inonzi Development Alternatives Incorporated, iri kuita basa rakafanana rakaitwa neDelphi International Group muNicaragua, uye zvose International Republican Institute uye National Democratic Institute zvakare mune mahofisi muCaracas, saka mune mahofisi matatu pano ari kupa makumi emamiriyoni emadhora, mahofisi ega ega ari pasi peembassy yeUS uye yeDepartment of State muWashington uye Agency for International Development (AID).2] Kondirakiti yekutanga yakapihwa Development Alternatives yaive neAID, ukuwo NED zvirongwa yakapfuurira pamwero weinenge US$1 mirioni pagore.[3] Mushure mekukundikana kwekutora masimba muna Kubvumbi, 2002, sarudzo yakatorwa muWashington kuti vaite zvimwe chete zvavakanga vaita kuNicaragua, kwaive kuhaya kambani inobvunza mazano kuti ive pamberi pemari yeAID iyo yaizove yakakura. kupfuura mari yeNED, uye kondirakiti yekutanga yakasainwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 30, 2002, iyo yakapa mari inopfuura US$10 miriyoni mumakore maviri akatevera emabasa ezvematongerwo enyika muVenezuela. Uye vakavhura muna Nyamavhuvhu, 2002 vakatumira vanhu vashanu kubva kuWashington'”vanhu vashanu vakadaidzwa neAID. Wana izvozvo: vanohaya iyi consulting firm, asi vanodoma vanhu vacho. Uye kune chero munhu weVenezuela anohaiwa neDevelopment Alternatives, kondirakiti inoda kuti vatenderwe neAID muWashington. Saka hapana imwe nzira yekutarisa pamahofisi matatu aya pano, kunze kwemaitiro emumiriri weUS, uye funga kuti kuseri kwezviitiko zvemasangano matatu aya iCIA. Uye chii chinobatsira pakuva nenheyo idzi uye femu yekubvunza inopa mari ndeyekuti inopa nzira yekuti CIA ipe mari yakawanda kumasangano ari kutotambira mari pachena, saka zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kumasangano aya anogamuchira mu Venezuela kuzvivhara. Saka kana mari yeAID kuDevelopment Alternatives ingangoita US$5 miriyoni, iyo US$3.5 miriyoni yaive yerubatsiro kumasangano ekuVenezuela, neimwe US$1 miriyoni + kubva kuNED, mune US$6 kana 7 miriyoni yemari yakavhurika. Zvose izvi zvinouya, nenzira, kubva zvinyorwa zvakatorwa naEva Golinger. Akaita basa rakanaka. Chero zvazvingava, CIA inogona kuwedzera imwe mari yakawanda kuUS $ 6 kana 7 miriyoni, uye humbowo huripo muzvinyorwa zverutsigiro rwekuramwa kwemafuta, kuramwa kwenyika, kubva muna Zvita we2002 kusvika Kukadzi 2003, uyezve. kumushandirapamwe wereferendamu. Zvese izvi vakarasikirwa nazvo, saka pari zvino vanofanirwa kunge vakatarisa nezvesarudzo dza2006.
Venezuela zvirokwazvo haisi iyo nyika chete umo mabasa aya ekusimbisa veruzhinji, kusimudzira democracy, kudzidzisa vanhu mukuita sarudzo, asi inongori chivharo, chinangwa chaicho ndechekufarira mamwe masimba ezvematongerwo enyika pamusoro pevamwe, Venezuela haisi iyo nzira. nzvimbo chete iri kuitika. Pane kudiwa chaiko kwetsvakiridzo munzvimbo iyi nekuti DAI kana ukatarisa webhusaiti yavo, vari munyika yose. Hakusi kuti zvirongwa zvavo zvese zvinopihwa mari nehurumende yeUS'” vanopihwa mari neWorld Bank uye handichayeuke kuti vangani mamwe masosi'” munhu anogona kutarisa zvirongwa zvavo oona kuti ndeapi akafanana nezviri kuitika mukati. Vhenezwera. Chinhu chimwe chete neNational Democratic Institute uye dzimwe nheyo nhatu dzakabatana neNED, uye munhu anogona kuona pavari kutarisa kupinda kwezvematongerwo enyika neCIA, hongu, tandem. Ndinofunga kuti pane kudikanwa kukuru kwekufumura izvi uye kuzvishora nezvazviri, zvinova manyepo, kusimudzira democracy asi kutaura zvazviri kupidigura hurumende, kuwana shanduko yehurumende, kana kusimbisa hurumende dzakanaka dzagara dzirimo. simba.
Aimbove mumiriri weCIA Felix RodrÃguez nguva pfupi yadarika akaudza terevhizheni yeMiami kuti US yaitsvaga shanduko muVenezuela, pamwe yakaunzwa nemhirizhonga. Akapa hutongi hweReagan kuedza kuuraya mutungamiri weLibya Muammar Qaddafi semuenzaniso. Iyi ingangove mamiriro ekupindira kweUS muVenezuela?
Zvakanaka, rangarira kuti uko Qaddafi ane hanya, United States yakatenda kuti Qaddafi yakanga yaronga kubhomba kweiyi discotheque muBerlin, uye kupambwa kweTripoli kwaive kutsiva. Iye zvino Chavez haasati aita zvekudenha zvakadaro, saka hapana chikonzero chekurova kwemauto uye handitende kuti United States yasvika pakuti vangada kuuraya Mutungamiriri weimwe nyika pachena. Ndinoreva kuti, zvinhu zvakashata zvakakwana muUnited States '' zvakaipisisa kupfuura zvazvakamboita '' asi handifunge kuti tatosvika pazviri. Chinhu chimwe chakakosha kusangano reChavez, sangano reBolivarian pano, kuchengeta mupfungwa nguva dzose, ndechekuti United States haizomboregi kuedza kudzosa wachi. Zvido zveUS zvinotsanangurwa sekuwana kusina kuvharirwa zviwanikwa, kushanda, uye kumisika yenyika dzekunze. Inyika dzakaita seLatin America nyika dzinovimbisa budiriro muUnited States. Kana hurumende dzakawanda dziine hurongwa hwadzo, hune chekuita nenyika, uye dzinopokana nemitemo yeUS senge neoliberal agenda inosvika pakutonga, ndipo pakanyanya kutyisidzira bato iri rinoonekwa riri muWashington, nekuti chiri panjodzi kugadzikana kwe. hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika muUnited States, uye kuchengetedzwa kweboka rezvematongerwo enyika muUnited States. Saka veVenezuel vachafanira kurwira kuti vararame sezvakangoita maCubans kurwa kwemakore makumi mana nemashanu, makore makumi mana nemashanu kubva zvino United States ichange ichiri kuedza kukanganisa hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika muVenezuela kana zvichiri. munzira yairi nhasi, sezvavachiri kuenderera mberi nekuyedza kuparadza chimurenga cheCuba. Mutungamiri achauya uye Mutungamiri achaenda, kune maPresident vapfumbamwe iye zvino Fidel ararama, saka ndinofunga zvakakosha kuti veVenezuela vanzwisise kuti izvi zvichave zvechigarire, uye kuti kungwarira, sangano, kuchengetedza kubatana, zvese izvo kiyi yekudzivisa izvi zvirongwa zveUS, kupa izvi zvirongwa zveUS izvo chaizvo zvinopatsanura nekukunda.
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[1] Muna 1997, Mutungamiri weAFL-CIO John Sweeney akaparadza AIFLD, achiitsiva neACILS, inozivikanwa zviri nani se'Solidarity Center.'
[2] Iyo Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) yeUS Chamber of Commerce yanga ichishanda muVenezuela (http://www.cipe.org/regional/lac/index.htm ) Nyamavhuvhu apfuura, CIPE-CEDICE (Center for the Dissemination of Economic Information) yakabatsira kunyora Venezuelan anti-Chavez amburera boka Coordinadora Democratica chirongwa chezvematongerwo enyika (ona: http://www.rethinkvenezuela.com/downloads/cedice.htm, uye http://www.venezuelanalysis.com/news.php?newsno=1308 ).
[3] Kune zvinyorwa zvepakutanga zvakagamuchirwa pasi peRusununguko rweRuzivo Mutemo unotsanangura NED neAID mari kune vanopikisa veVenezuela, ona. www.venezuelafoia.info .
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta